CN116462536B - Method and device for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw - Google Patents

Method and device for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116462536B
CN116462536B CN202310346340.9A CN202310346340A CN116462536B CN 116462536 B CN116462536 B CN 116462536B CN 202310346340 A CN202310346340 A CN 202310346340A CN 116462536 B CN116462536 B CN 116462536B
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side wall
crushing
outer side
box body
fixed cylinder
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CN116462536A (en
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王培超
王培庆
徐田晓
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Jiangsu Bennong Ecological Agriculture Co ltd
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Jiangsu Bennong Ecological Agriculture Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/02—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges in a plane perpendicular to their rotational axis
    • A01F29/04—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges in a plane perpendicular to their rotational axis with feeding direction transverse to axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/09—Details
    • A01F29/095—Mounting or adjusting of knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
    • B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/30—Shape or construction of rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/40—Detachers, e.g. scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/42—Driving mechanisms; Roller speed control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/38—Stirring or kneading
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/60—Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw, belonging to the technical field of organic fertilizer. The method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials; crushing the straw: crushing the prepared crop straws by using a crushing device. According to the method and the device for manufacturing the organic fertilizer by using the straws, the structure of the crushing roller of the conventional crushing device is changed, so that the crushing teeth of the crushing roller can stretch inwards and outwards, the straws adhered to the crushing teeth can be pushed down by the sliding grooves formed in the crushing rings in the process of stretching inwards and outwards, the straws are prevented from being accumulated on the crushing teeth for a long time, so that unnecessary losses are caused due to blocking between the crushing rollers, fan blades are additionally arranged in the crushing roller, dust pumping holes are additionally formed in the outer part of the crushing roller, and the fan blades are used for pumping the gas in the crushing roller outwards in the crushing process, so that dust generated by crushing is discharged by the fan blades in a specified direction through the dust pumping holes, and personnel are protected to a certain extent.

Description

Method and device for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a method and a device for manufacturing an organic fertilizer by using straws.
Background
The organic fertilizer commonly known as farmyard manure refers to slow-release fertilizer containing a large amount of biological substances, animal and plant residues, excrement, biological wastes and other substances; the organic fertilizer contains major elements and trace elements necessary for plants and also contains rich organic nutrients, and is the most comprehensive fertilizer; the role of organic fertilizer in agricultural production is mainly represented in the following aspects: 1. improving soil and fertility; after the organic fertilizer is applied into the soil, the organic fertilizer can effectively improve the physical and chemical conditions and biological characteristics of the soil, slake the soil, enhance the fertilizer retaining and supplying capability and the buffer capability of the soil, and create good soil conditions for the growth of crops; 2. the yield and the quality are increased; the organic fertilizer contains rich organic matters and various nutrient elements, and provides nutrition for crops; after the organic fertilizer is decomposed, energy and nutrients are provided for the microbial activity of soil, so that the microbial activity is promoted, the decomposition of organic matters is accelerated, and the generated active substances and the like can promote the growth of crops and improve the quality of agricultural products; 3. the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved; the organic fertilizer contains more nutrients but has low relative content, the release is slow, the content of the fertilizer unit nutrient is high, the components are less, and the release is fast; the two are reasonably matched for application and complement each other, and organic acid generated by decomposing organic matters can promote the dissolution of mineral nutrients in soil and fertilizer; the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer promote each other, which is beneficial to crop absorption and improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer.
At present, in the process of manufacturing organic fertilizer by utilizing straws, crop straws are required to be crushed into small sections of 1-3 cm by utilizing a crushing device, but in the process of crushing the crop straws, as the crop straws are not completely dried, the interior of the crop straws contains moisture and sugar, in the process of crushing, the straws are adhered to the outer surface of a crushing roller in the crushing device, the situation of blocking between the crushing rollers is caused by long-term accumulation, and in the process of crushing the straws, dust in the straws can fall down along with crushing, so that the health and safety of operators are affected.
How to invent a method and a device for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw to improve the problems becomes a problem to be solved urgently by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a method and a device for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw, which aim to solve the problems that crop straw is adhered to the outer surface of a crushing roller and a large amount of dust is generated in the crushing process.
The invention is realized in the following way:
the invention provides a method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw, which comprises the following steps:
raw material preparation: preparing crop straws, cake powder and a quick fermentation microbial inoculum according to the proportion of 1000:20:1;
crushing the straw: crushing the prepared crop straws by using a crushing device;
soaking the straws: watering and penetrating crushed straw with water until the water content of the straw reaches seventy percent;
powdering: uniformly mixing 20 parts of cake powder with 1 part of quick fermentation microbial inoculum, and uniformly scattering the cake powder mixed with the quick fermentation microbial inoculum on the surface of the straw poured with water;
turning, stirring and stacking: turning and scattering the straw with the quick fermentation inoculant and the powder cake by using a tool, piling up the straw into long-strip compost with the width of 2 meters and the height of 1.5 meters and the length of 3 meters, and tightly covering the long-strip compost with plastic cloth for fermentation;
turning: timely checking the temperature and humidity of the compost, and supplementing oxygen and moisture to the inside of the pile according to the temperature and the humidity;
and (3) a finished product: when the composting temperature is stabilized at 40 ℃, the composting process is completed, and the organic matters form humus.
An apparatus for a method of making organic fertilizer using straw, comprising:
the box body, one side of the box body is provided with a box door, the top of the box body is provided with a feed hopper, the side wall of the box body is provided with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is rotationally connected with the side wall of the box body;
the crushing mechanism is arranged on the outer side wall of the driving mechanism and used for crushing the straws under the driving action of the driving mechanism;
the crushing tooth assembly is arranged on the outer side wall of the crushing mechanism and can stretch out and draw back along the outer side wall of the crushing mechanism;
and the material shaking mechanism is arranged at the output end of the driving mechanism and shakes the crushed straw under the action of the driving mechanism to eliminate impurities in the straw.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme for the crushing tooth of crushing roller can inside and outside flexible, the in-process of the crushing tooth, can push away the straw of adhesion on the crushing tooth through the spout of seting up on the crushing ring, prevented that the straw from piling up on the crushing tooth for a long time, lead to taking place to block between the crushing roller and die, cause unnecessary loss, and still increased the flabellum in the crushing roller, and add the dust extraction hole outside the crushing roller, utilize at the in-process of crushing, make the flabellum outwards extract the gas in the crushing roller, thereby make the dust that the breakage produced discharge by the flabellum along the regulation direction through the dust extraction hole, protect personnel to a certain extent.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving rotating shaft, a driving gear, a transmission gear, a driven rotating shaft and fan blades; the output of driving motor and the one end fixed connection of initiative pivot, the one end lateral wall that driving motor was kept away from to the initiative pivot and the inside wall fixed connection of driving gear, the lateral wall of driving gear meshes with the lateral wall of drive gear, the lateral wall of drive gear meshes with the lateral wall of driven gear, the inside wall of driven gear and the one end lateral wall fixed connection of driven pivot, the one end that driven shaft is close to driven gear and the inside wall fixed connection of flabellum, the inside wall of flabellum and the one end fixed connection that driving gear's lateral wall is close to the driving gear.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the power that provides for crushing mechanism to the breakage of straw to can make broken tooth in the garrulous tooth subassembly can intermittent type nature coincide with the magnetic attraction board, make the straw of adhesion on the broken tooth push down in can, and through the setting of flabellum, realized the concentrated outer row to the dust that produces in the crushing process, thereby reduced the injury to operating personnel.
Preferably, the crushing mechanism comprises a first fixed cylinder, a second fixed cylinder, a dust extraction hole and a crushing ring; the outer side wall of the first fixed cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the crushing ring, the dust extraction hole is formed in the outer side wall of the first fixed cylinder, the dust extraction hole is further formed in the outer side wall of the second fixed cylinder, the inner side wall of the crushing ring is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the second fixed cylinder, and the crushing ring on the first fixed cylinder and the crushing ring on the second fixed cylinder are arranged in a staggered mode.
Preferably, the crushing tooth assembly comprises a chute, a return spring, crushing teeth, a magnetic suction plate and a telescopic rod; the inside wall bottom and the one end fixed connection of reset spring of spout, the one end and the one side fixed connection of broken tooth of spout inside wall bottom are kept away from to reset spring, one side that reset spring was kept away from to broken tooth is provided with magnetism, and the magnetism of broken tooth is the same with the magnetism of magnetism suction plate and repel each other, the lateral wall of broken tooth and the inside wall sliding connection and laminating each other of spout, the one end of telescopic link and the inside wall fixed connection of spout, the other end is close to reset spring's one end fixed connection with broken tooth, and reset spring cover is established on the lateral wall of telescopic link.
Preferably, the shaking mechanism comprises a turntable, a connecting rod, a reciprocating rod, a limiting ring, a pull rope and a filter plate; one side of the turntable is rotationally connected with a connecting rod, the outer side wall of the connecting rod is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the top end of the reciprocating rod, the outer side wall of the reciprocating rod is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the limiting ring, the top of the pull rope is fixedly connected with the bottom of the reciprocating rod, and the top of one end of the filter plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the pull rope.
Preferably, the driving motor is mounted on the outer side wall of the box body, the driving rotating shaft penetrates through one side of the box body and extends to the outer side of the other side of the box body, the driving rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the box body, the driven rotating shaft penetrates through one side of the box body and extends to the inner side of the other side of the box body, and the outer side wall and the end part of the driven rotating shaft are rotationally connected with the box body.
Preferably, the end part of the first fixed cylinder is rotationally connected with the inner side wall of the box body, the end part of the second fixed cylinder is rotationally connected with the inner side wall of the box body, the inner side wall of the first fixed cylinder is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the driving rotating shaft, and the inner side wall of the second fixed cylinder is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the driven rotating shaft.
Preferably, the sliding groove is formed in the outer side walls of the first fixed cylinder and the second fixed cylinder, the sliding groove is arranged in an annular array along the central axes of the first fixed cylinder and the second fixed cylinder respectively, and the magnetic attraction plates are arranged on two sides of the inner side wall of the box body.
Preferably, one end of the filter plate far away from the stay cord is rotationally connected with one side of the inner side wall of the box body, one end of the filter plate close to the stay cord penetrates through the other side of the inner side wall of the box body and is in sliding connection with the box body, one side of the turntable far away from the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the middle position of the transmission gear, and the limiting ring is fixedly connected with one side of the box body far away from the driving motor.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the method and the device for manufacturing the organic fertilizer by using the straws, the structure of the crushing roller of the conventional crushing device is changed, so that the crushing teeth of the crushing roller can stretch inwards and outwards, the straws adhered to the crushing teeth can be pushed down by the sliding grooves formed in the crushing rings in the process of stretching inwards and outwards, the straws are prevented from being accumulated on the crushing teeth for a long time, so that unnecessary losses are caused due to blocking between the crushing rollers, fan blades are additionally arranged in the crushing roller, dust pumping holes are additionally formed in the outer part of the crushing roller, and the fan blades are used for pumping the gas in the crushing roller outwards in the crushing process, so that dust generated by crushing is discharged by the fan blades in a specified direction through the dust pumping holes, and personnel are protected to a certain extent.
According to the method and the device for manufacturing the organic fertilizer by using the straws, when the crop straws are crushed, the material shaking mechanism is operated by the operation of the driving mechanism, and the material shaking mechanism rotates up and down in a reciprocating manner under the action of the driving mechanism, so that stones and iron objects in the crushed crop straws can be shaken off by the material shaking mechanism, the cleanliness of the crushed crop straws is ensured, and the phenomenon that the quality of the produced organic fertilizer is influenced by the fact that a large amount of stones and iron objects are contained in the crushed crop straws is prevented.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall flow structure of a method and an apparatus for producing organic fertilizer by using straw according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a crushing mechanism in a crushing device and a method for manufacturing organic fertilizer by using straw according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure partially broken away of a crushing mechanism in a crushing device and a method for producing organic fertilizer by using straw according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partially enlarged structure of a crushing mechanism in a crushing device and a method for producing organic fertilizer by using straw according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional partially cut-away structure of a crushing device and a method for producing organic fertilizer by using straw according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a crushing device and a method for manufacturing organic fertilizer by using straw according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a broken structure of a middle part of a crushing device of a method and a device for manufacturing organic fertilizer by using straws according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at a in fig. 7 of a method and an apparatus for manufacturing an organic fertilizer by using straw according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a case; 2. a door; 3. a feed hopper; 4. a driving mechanism; 41. a driving motor; 42. a driving rotating shaft; 43. a drive gear; 44. a transmission gear; 45. a driven gear; 46. a driven rotating shaft; 47. a fan blade; 5. a crushing mechanism; 51. a first fixed cylinder; 52. a second fixed cylinder; 53. dust extraction holes; 54. a crushing ring; 6. a tooth crushing assembly; 61. a chute; 62. a return spring; 63. crushing teeth; 64. a magnetic suction plate; 65. a telescopic rod; 7. a shaking mechanism; 71. a turntable; 72. a connecting rod; 73. a reciprocating lever; 74. a limiting ring; 75. a pull rope; 76. and (5) a filter plate.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing an organic fertilizer by using straw includes the steps of:
raw material preparation: preparing crop straws, cake powder and a quick fermentation microbial inoculum according to the proportion of 1000:20:1;
crushing the straw: crushing the prepared crop straws by using a crushing device;
soaking the straws: watering and penetrating crushed straw with water until the water content of the straw reaches seventy percent;
powdering: uniformly mixing 20 parts of cake powder with 1 part of quick fermentation microbial inoculum, and uniformly scattering the cake powder mixed with the quick fermentation microbial inoculum on the surface of the straw poured with water;
turning, stirring and stacking: turning and scattering the straw with the quick fermentation inoculant and the powder cake by using a tool, piling up the straw into long-strip compost with the width of 2 meters and the height of 1.5 meters and the length of 3 meters, and tightly covering the long-strip compost with plastic cloth for fermentation;
turning: timely checking the temperature and humidity of the compost, and supplementing oxygen and moisture to the inside of the pile according to the temperature and the humidity;
and (3) a finished product: when the composting temperature is stabilized at 40 ℃, the composting process is completed, and the organic matters form humus.
Referring to fig. 2-8, an apparatus for a method of making organic fertilizer using straw, comprising:
the device comprises a box body 1, wherein a box door 2 is arranged on one side of the box body 1, a feed hopper 3 is arranged at the top of the box body 1, a driving mechanism 4 is arranged on the side wall of the box body 1, and the driving mechanism 4 is rotationally connected with the side wall of the box body 1;
the crushing mechanism 5 is arranged on the outer side wall of the driving mechanism 4, and the crushing mechanism 5 crushes the straws under the driving action of the driving mechanism 4;
the crushing tooth assembly 6 is arranged on the outer side wall of the crushing mechanism 5, and the crushing tooth assembly 6 can stretch out and draw back along the outer side wall of the crushing mechanism 5;
and the shaking mechanism 7 is arranged at the output end of the driving mechanism 4, and the shaking mechanism 7 shakes crushed straws under the action of the driving mechanism 4 to eliminate impurities in the straws.
Further, the driving mechanism 4 includes a driving motor 41, a driving shaft 42, a driving gear 43, a transmission gear 44, a driven gear 45, a driven shaft 46 and a fan blade 47; the output end of the driving motor 41 is fixedly connected with one end of the driving rotating shaft 42, the outer side wall of one end of the driving rotating shaft 42 far away from the driving motor 41 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the driving gear 43, the outer side wall of the driving gear 43 is meshed with the outer side wall of the transmission gear 44, the outer side wall of the transmission gear 44 is meshed with the outer side wall of the driven gear 45, the inner side wall of the driven gear 45 is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of one end of the driven rotating shaft 46, one end of the outer side wall of the driven rotating shaft 46 close to the driven gear 45 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the fan blade 47, and the inner side wall of the fan blade 47 is fixedly connected with one end of the driving rotating shaft 42 close to the driving gear 43.
It should be noted that, through the setting of above-mentioned structure, the power that provides for the crushing mechanism 5 to the breakage of straw to can make broken tooth 63 in broken tooth subassembly 6 can intermittent type nature coincide with magnetic suction plate 64, make the straw of adhesion on the broken tooth 63 push down in can, and through the setting of flabellum 47, realized the concentrated outer row to the dust that produces in the crushing process, thereby reduced the injury to operating personnel.
Further, the crushing mechanism 5 includes a first fixed cylinder 51, a second fixed cylinder 52, a dust extraction hole 53, and a crushing ring 54; the outer side wall of the first fixed cylinder 51 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the crushing ring 54, the dust extraction hole 53 is formed in the outer side wall of the first fixed cylinder 51, the dust extraction hole 53 is further formed in the outer side wall of the second fixed cylinder 52, the inner side wall of the crushing ring 54 is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the second fixed cylinder 52, and the crushing ring 54 on the first fixed cylinder 51 and the crushing ring 54 on the second fixed cylinder 52 are arranged in a staggered mode.
By the arrangement of the structure, the crop straw is effectively crushed, dust generated by crushing can be transmitted into the fixed cylinder by the dust suction holes 53, and therefore the cleanliness of air during crushing is ensured.
Further, the crushing tooth assembly 6 comprises a sliding groove 61, a return spring 62, crushing teeth 63, a magnetic suction plate 64 and a telescopic rod 65; the inside wall bottom of spout 61 and the one end fixed connection of reset spring 62, the one end that reset spring 62 kept away from spout 61 inside wall bottom and one side fixed connection of broken tooth 63, one side that broken tooth 63 kept away from reset spring 62 is provided with magnetism, and the magnetism of broken tooth 63 is the same with the magnetism of magnetic attraction plate 64 and repel each other, the lateral wall of broken tooth 63 and the inside wall sliding connection of spout 61 just laminate each other, the one end of telescopic link 65 and the inside wall fixed connection of spout 61, the other end and the one end fixed connection that broken tooth 63 is close to reset spring 62, and reset spring 62 cover is established on the lateral wall of telescopic link 65.
It should be noted that, through the arrangement of the above structure, the crushing teeth 63 can stretch out and draw back inside and outside, the crushing teeth 63 can push down the straw adhered on the crushing teeth 63 through the sliding groove 61 arranged on the crushing ring 54 in the process of stretching out and drawing back inside and outside, thereby preventing the straw from accumulating on the crushing teeth 63 for a long time, causing the jamming between the crushing rollers and causing unnecessary loss.
Further, the shaking mechanism 7 comprises a turntable 71, a connecting rod 72, a reciprocating rod 73, a limiting ring 74, a pull rope 75 and a filter plate 76; one side of the turntable 71 is rotationally connected with a connecting rod 72, the outer side wall of the connecting rod 72 is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the top end of the reciprocating rod 73, the outer side wall of the reciprocating rod 73 is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the limiting ring 74, the top of the pull rope 75 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the reciprocating rod 73, and the top of one end of the filter plate 76 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the pull rope 75.
It should be noted that, through the setting of above-mentioned structure, when crushing crop straw, make shake material mechanism 7 work through actuating mechanism 4's work, shake material mechanism 7 reciprocal rotation shake from top to bottom under actuating mechanism 4's effect for shake material mechanism 7 can shake stone and iron article in the crop straw after the breakage and fall, guaranteed the clean and tidy degree of crop straw after the breakage, prevent that the crop straw after the breakage from containing a large amount of stones and iron article influence the quality of producing the fertilizer.
Further, the driving motor 41 is mounted on the outer side wall of the case 1, the driving shaft 42 penetrates one side of the case 1 to extend to the outside of the other side of the case 1, the driving shaft 42 is rotatably connected with the case 1, the driven shaft 46 penetrates one side of the case 1 and extends to the inside of the other side of the case 1, and the outer side wall and the end of the driven shaft 46 are rotatably connected with the case 1.
Further, the end of the first fixed cylinder 51 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the case 1, the end of the second fixed cylinder 52 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the case 1, the inner side wall of the first fixed cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the driving shaft 42, and the inner side wall of the second fixed cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the driven shaft 46.
Further, the sliding groove 61 is formed on the outer side walls of the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52, and the sliding groove 61 is arranged in an annular array along the central axes of the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52, and the magnetic attraction plates 64 are mounted on two sides of the inner side wall of the case 1.
Further, one end of the filter plate 76 far away from the pull rope 75 is rotationally connected with one side of the inner side wall of the box body 1, one end of the filter plate 76 close to the pull rope 75 penetrates through the other side of the inner side wall of the box body 1 and is in sliding connection with the box body 1, one side of the turntable 71 far away from the connecting rod 72 is fixedly connected with the middle position of the transmission gear 44, and the limiting ring 74 is fixedly connected with one side of the box body 1 far away from the driving motor 41.
The working principle of the crushing device used by the device for preparing the organic fertilizer by using the straws is as follows:
when the device is used, the box door 2 is closed at first, the driving motor 41 is started, and then crop straws are added through the feed hopper 3;
the crop straw enters between the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52, and is crushed by the crushing ring 54 and the crushing teeth 63, and the specific process is as follows:
the driving motor 41 works to drive the driving rotating shaft 42 to rotate so as to drive the fan blades 47 on the driving rotating shaft 42 to rotate, the driving rotating shaft 42 drives the driven gear 45 to rotate through the driving gear 43 and the transmission gear 44 so as to drive the driven rotating shaft 46 and the fan blades 47 on the driven rotating shaft 46 to rotate, the driving rotating shaft 42 and the driven rotating shaft 46 drive the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52 to rotate, the staggered crushing rings 54 drive the crushing teeth 63 to rotationally crush crop straws, and the crushed crop straws fall on the filter plates 76;
when the crushing teeth 63 rotate to the position of the magnetic suction plate 64, the crushing teeth 63 slide into the sliding grooves 61 under the action of magnetic force to squeeze the return springs 62, so that the telescopic rods 65 retract, the sliding grooves 61 scrape the outer surfaces of the crushing teeth 63, and when the crushing teeth 63 are separated from the magnetic force of the magnetic suction plate 64, the crushing teeth 63 slide outwards stably under the action of the return springs 62 and the telescopic rods 65 and do not shake, so that the crushing teeth are restored to the original positions;
in the process, the rotation of the transmission gear 44 drives the turntable 71 to rotate, so that the connecting rod 72 drives the reciprocating rod 73 to slide up and down under the action of the limiting ring 74, and further the reciprocating rod 73 drives the filter plate 76 to shake up and down through the pull rope 75, so that the filter plate 76 filters stones and iron objects in the crushed straw, and only the crushed crop straw is reserved;
in the crushing process of the straws, crushed crop straws can be taken out by opening the box door 2, and stones and iron objects can be taken out.
It should be noted that, the specific model specification of the driving motor 41 needs to be determined by selecting a model according to the actual specification of the device, and the specific model selection calculation method and device are related in the art, so that detailed description thereof is omitted.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A device for producing organic fertilizer by using straw, which is characterized by comprising:
the box body (1), box door (2) is installed to one side of box body (1), feeder hopper (3) is installed at the top of box body (1), actuating mechanism (4) is installed to the lateral wall of box body (1), actuating mechanism (4) are connected with the lateral wall rotation of box body (1), actuating mechanism (4) include driving motor (41), initiative pivot (42), driving gear (43), drive gear (44), driven gear (45), driven pivot (46) and flabellum (47); the output end of the driving motor (41) is fixedly connected with one end of the driving rotating shaft (42), the outer side wall of one end of the driving rotating shaft (42) far away from the driving motor (41) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the driving gear (43), the outer side wall of the driving gear (43) is meshed with the outer side wall of the transmission gear (44), the outer side wall of the transmission gear (44) is meshed with the outer side wall of the driven gear (45), the inner side wall of the driven gear (45) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of one end of the driven rotating shaft (46), one end of the outer side wall of the driven rotating shaft (46) close to the driven gear (45) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the fan blade (47), and the inner side wall of the fan blade (47) is fixedly connected with one end of the outer side wall of the driving rotating shaft (42) close to the driving gear (43);
the crushing mechanism (5), the crushing mechanism (5) is arranged on the outer side wall of the driving mechanism (4), the crushing mechanism (5) crushes straws under the driving action of the driving mechanism (4), and the crushing mechanism (5) comprises a first fixed cylinder (51), a second fixed cylinder (52), a dust extraction hole (53) and a crushing ring (54); the outer side wall of the first fixed cylinder (51) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the crushing ring (54), the dust extraction hole (53) is formed in the outer side wall of the first fixed cylinder (51), the dust extraction hole (53) is further formed in the outer side wall of the second fixed cylinder (52), the inner side wall of the crushing ring (54) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the second fixed cylinder (52), and the crushing ring (54) on the first fixed cylinder (51) and the crushing ring (54) on the second fixed cylinder (52) are staggered;
the crushing tooth assembly (6), the crushing tooth assembly (6) is arranged on the outer side wall of the crushing mechanism (5), the crushing tooth assembly (6) can stretch out and draw back along the outer side wall of the crushing mechanism (5), and the crushing tooth assembly (6) comprises a sliding groove (61), a return spring (62), crushing teeth (63), a magnetic suction plate (64) and a telescopic rod (65); the bottom of the inner side wall of the sliding groove (61) is fixedly connected with one end of a reset spring (62), one end of the reset spring (62) away from the bottom of the inner side wall of the sliding groove (61) is fixedly connected with one side of a crushing tooth (63), one side of the crushing tooth (63) away from the reset spring (62) is provided with magnetism, the magnetism of the crushing tooth (63) and the magnetism of a magnetic suction plate (64) repel each other, the outer side wall of the crushing tooth (63) is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the sliding groove (61) and is mutually attached, one end of a telescopic rod (65) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the sliding groove (61), the other end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with one end of the crushing tooth (63) close to the reset spring (62), and the reset spring (62) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the telescopic rod (65);
and the shaking mechanism (7) is arranged at the output end of the driving mechanism (4), and the shaking mechanism (7) shakes crushed straws under the action of the driving mechanism (4) to eliminate impurities in the straws.
2. The device for preparing the organic fertilizer by using the straws according to claim 1, wherein the shaking mechanism (7) comprises a rotary table (71), a connecting rod (72), a reciprocating rod (73), a limiting ring (74), a pull rope (75) and a filter plate (76); one side of carousel (71) rotates and is connected with connecting rod (72), the lateral wall of connecting rod (72) and the top inside wall sliding connection of reciprocating lever (73), the lateral wall of reciprocating lever (73) and the inside wall sliding connection of spacing ring (74), the top and the bottom fixed connection of reciprocating lever (73) of stay cord (75), the one end top and the bottom fixed connection of stay cord (75) of filter (76).
3. The device for producing organic fertilizer by using straw according to claim 1, wherein the driving motor (41) is installed on the outer side wall of the box body (1), the driving rotating shaft (42) penetrates one side of the box body (1) to extend to the outer side of the other side of the box body (1), the driving rotating shaft (42) is rotationally connected with the box body (1), the driven rotating shaft (46) penetrates one side of the box body (1) and extends to the inner side of the other side of the box body (1), and the outer side wall and the end part of the driven rotating shaft (46) are rotationally connected with the box body (1).
4. The device for producing organic fertilizer by using straw according to claim 1, wherein the end part of the first fixed cylinder (51) is rotationally connected with the inner side wall of the box body (1), the end part of the second fixed cylinder (52) is rotationally connected with the inner side wall of the box body (1), the inner side wall of the first fixed cylinder (51) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the driving rotating shaft (42), and the inner side wall of the second fixed cylinder (52) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the driven rotating shaft (46).
5. The device for producing organic fertilizer by using straw according to claim 1, wherein the sliding groove (61) is formed on the outer side walls of the first fixed cylinder (51) and the second fixed cylinder (52), the sliding groove (61) is arranged in an annular array along the central axes of the first fixed cylinder (51) and the second fixed cylinder (52), and the magnetic attraction plates (64) are arranged on two sides of the inner side wall of the box body (1).
6. The device for producing the organic fertilizer by utilizing the straws according to claim 2, wherein one end of the filter plate (76) far away from the pull rope (75) is rotationally connected with one side of the inner side wall of the box body (1), one end of the filter plate (76) close to the pull rope (75) penetrates through the other side of the inner side wall of the box body (1) and is in sliding connection with the box body (1), one side of the turntable (71) far away from the connecting rod (72) is fixedly connected with the middle position of the transmission gear (44), and the limiting ring (74) is fixedly connected with one side of the box body (1) far away from the driving motor (41).
CN202310346340.9A 2023-04-03 2023-04-03 Method and device for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw Active CN116462536B (en)

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CN202310346340.9A CN116462536B (en) 2023-04-03 2023-04-03 Method and device for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310346340.9A CN116462536B (en) 2023-04-03 2023-04-03 Method and device for preparing organic fertilizer by using straw

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CN116462536B true CN116462536B (en) 2024-02-23

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109809942A (en) * 2017-11-20 2019-05-28 遵义叶世农业科技有限公司 The organic fertilizer to be fermented using crop material
CN212944608U (en) * 2020-07-22 2021-04-13 河北国全环境工程有限公司 Comprehensive treatment and utilization system for livestock and poultry manure and crop straw
CN215223256U (en) * 2021-06-08 2021-12-21 广安龙安柚发展有限公司 Dust-free straw recycling and smashing device
CN217989442U (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-12-09 青岛吉龙农产有限公司 Vegetable grinder capable of setting size

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109809942A (en) * 2017-11-20 2019-05-28 遵义叶世农业科技有限公司 The organic fertilizer to be fermented using crop material
CN212944608U (en) * 2020-07-22 2021-04-13 河北国全环境工程有限公司 Comprehensive treatment and utilization system for livestock and poultry manure and crop straw
CN215223256U (en) * 2021-06-08 2021-12-21 广安龙安柚发展有限公司 Dust-free straw recycling and smashing device
CN217989442U (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-12-09 青岛吉龙农产有限公司 Vegetable grinder capable of setting size

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