CN116446880B - Green mining method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Green mining method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides a green mining method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring water guide fracture zone height and ground subsidence data of a coal-bearing stratum, and determining a water guide fracture top boundary based on the water guide fracture zone height; determining a pre-splitting mode based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of the water-guiding crack and the water-bearing stratum of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value; pre-fracturing the pre-fracturing weakened layer based on the pre-fracturing mode, and then mining the coal seam; and after the coal seam exploitation is completed, carrying out grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste. Compared with the traditional low-loss mining method, the device, the electronic equipment and the storage medium provided by the invention have the outstanding advantages of low cost, high mining rate, no influence on production and the like, and the processing capacity of gangue and the rock stratum control effect are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety exploitation, in particular to a green exploitation method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
Background
The overburden stratum will break and sink under the action of gravity after the coal seam is mined, and with the further development of the coal mining technology in China, the newly built mine in the western mining area has huge mining intensity, and the western mining area has the characteristics of large mining height, ultra-long working surface, rapid propulsion and the like. The mining overburden is large in sinking space and high in speed under high-strength mining, the mining overburden is severely damaged, and rock stratum is extremely easy to break and conduct water and sink greatly, so that a series of safety and environmental problems such as mine water damage accidents and ground subsidence are caused.
In the prior art, the low-loss mining method mainly comprises limited thick mining, strip mining, layered mining, filling mining, overburden separation layer grouting technology and the like, and the existing gangue treatment method mainly comprises underground solid filling, crushing grouting filling, industrial utilization and the like.
However, the existing low-loss mining method cannot achieve both green safety mining and efficient economic mining at the expense of mining rate, mining efficiency and mining cost increase, and the existing gangue treatment technology has insufficient production capacity and high treatment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a green mining method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, which are used for solving the defects that the low-loss mining method in the prior art cannot give consideration to green safety mining and high-efficiency economic mining at the expense of mining rate, mining efficiency and mining cost increase, but the existing gangue treatment technology has insufficient production capacity and high treatment cost.
The invention provides a green mining method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring water guide fracture zone height and ground subsidence data of a coal-bearing stratum, and determining the top boundary of a mining water guide fracture based on the water guide fracture zone height;
determining a pre-splitting mode based on the thickness of a rock stratum between a pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and a coal seam and the thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of the mining water-guiding crack and the water-bearing stratum of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value;
pre-fracturing the pre-fracturing weakened layer based on the pre-fracturing mode, and mining the coal seam after the pre-fracturing is completed;
and after the coal seam exploitation is completed, carrying out grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste.
According to the green mining method provided by the invention, the method for determining the pre-cracking mode based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the pre-cracking weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-cracking weakening layer comprises the following steps:
Determining a presplitting engineering quantity based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the presplitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam, the thickness of the presplitting weakening layer and the coal seam mining thickness;
and determining the pre-cracking mode based on the pre-cracking engineering quantity.
According to the green mining method provided by the invention, after the coal seam mining is completed, the coal-based solid waste grouting filling is carried out, and the method comprises the following steps:
determining the arrangement position of grouting filling drilling holes based on the seepage rule and the diffusion radius in the slurry falling zone filled with the coal-based solid waste grouting;
and after the coal seam exploitation is completed, carrying out grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste based on the grouting filling drilling hole arrangement position.
According to the green mining method provided by the invention, the grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste is performed based on the grouting filling drilling arrangement position, and the method comprises the following steps:
and carrying out coal-based solid waste grouting filling based on the grouting filling drilling hole arrangement position, and the water guide fracture zone height control target and/or the ground surface subsidence reduction target.
According to the green mining method provided by the invention, the water-guiding fracture zone height of the coal-bearing stratum is determined based on any one of the observation data of a first mine, the observation data of similar mines of the first mine and the water-guiding fracture zone prediction height, and the water-guiding fracture zone prediction height is determined based on the overburden type in the coal-bearing stratum.
According to the green exploitation method provided by the invention, the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum is determined based on the overburden intensity of the coal-bearing stratum and the mining overburden damage characteristics of the coal-bearing stratum.
The invention also provides a green mining device, comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the water guide fracture zone height and the ground subsidence data of the coal-bearing stratum and determining the top boundary of the mining water guide fracture based on the water guide fracture zone height;
a pre-splitting mode determining unit, configured to determine a pre-splitting mode based on a thickness of a rock layer between a pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and a coal layer and a thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer when a distance between a top boundary of the mining water-guiding fracture and an aquifer of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value, or when the surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value;
the exploitation unit is used for presplitting the presplitting weakening layer based on the presplitting mode, and exploitation of the coal seam is carried out after presplitting is completed;
and the filling unit is used for carrying out grouting filling on the coal-based solid waste after the coal seam mining is completed.
The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing any of the green mining methods described above when executing the program.
The invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a green mining method as described in any one of the above.
The invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which when executed by a processor implements a green mining method as described in any one of the above.
The green exploitation method, the device, the electronic equipment and the storage medium provided by the invention are used for presplitting the presplitting weakening layer based on a presplitting mode, carrying out coal seam exploitation after presplitting is completed, and carrying out coal-based solid waste grouting filling after coal seam exploitation is completed, wherein the presplitting mode is determined based on the thickness of a rock stratum between the presplitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the presplitting weakening layer under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of a mining water guide crack and the water-bearing stratum of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the ground surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value. Therefore, comprehensive control of overburden rock damage and surface subsidence is realized through pre-cracking the hard rock stratum, and compared with the traditional low-loss mining method, the method has the outstanding advantages of low cost, high mining rate, no influence on production and the like; and, through injecting gangue slurry into the broken and expanded pile body after the pre-cracking and breaking, the large void volume and the strain strengthening characteristic of the broken and expanded pile body are utilized, so that the injection of larger particle gangue is allowed, the grouting time is prolonged, the grouting amount is increased, and the treatment capacity and the rock stratum control effect of the gangue are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a green mining method provided by the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the green mining device provided by the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate, such that embodiments of the application may be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated and described herein, and that "first," "second," etc. distinguished objects generally are of the type.
In the related technology, after coal seam exploitation, the overburden stratum will take place to break and sink under the effect of gravity to move, and mining fracture zone will cause mine a large amount of gushes water, aquifer water resource loss even lead to gushing water and bursting water accident such as sand, and the earth's surface subsidence will cause earth's surface building, structure and earth's surface to destroy. Mining overburden rock destruction poses a great threat to mine safety production and mining area ecological environment. The control of the development height of the water guiding fracture zone and the movement of the mining rock stratum reduce the subsidence of the ground surface to realize low-loss mining, and has extremely important significance for guaranteeing the safe production of mines and protecting the ecological environment of mining areas.
Meanwhile, a large amount of solid waste such as gangue can be generated in coal mining, and the open-air stacking of the solid waste such as gangue can cause pollution of air, water source and soil, so that the treatment and efficient and reasonable utilization of a large amount of coal-based solid waste have great economic value and environmental value.
The existing low-loss mining method mainly comprises limited thick mining, strip mining, layer-by-layer interval mining, filling mining, overlying strata separation grouting technology and the like. Limiting the thickness of the coal seam to reduce the mining thickness, and only partially mining the coal seam to reduce mining disturbance; the strip mining is also called partial mining, which is to divide a coal bed into a plurality of strips, mine partial strips and leave partial strips of coal pillar supporting roof; the layer interval mining is to reduce the height of the water guide crack zone by utilizing the principle that the added height of the water guide crack zone caused by layer mining is obviously lower than the height of the upper layer water guide crack zone when thick coal layer is subjected to layer mining, and the accumulated height of the water guide crack zone of layer interval mining is obviously lower than the height of the full-height water guide crack zone of fully-mechanized mining and fully-mechanized mining; filling mining is to fill a filling material into a goaf to support a roof, so that mining disturbance is reduced; and the overlying strata separation grouting realizes the control of the subsurface subsidence by injecting filling slurry into a separation stratum space generated by the uncoordinated deformation of the overlying strata.
The existing gangue treatment method mainly comprises underground solid filling, crushing grouting filling, industrial utilization and the like. Filling the crushed gangue into the goaf support top plate in time under the support of the support; crushing gangue slurry filling, namely fully crushing the gangue to prepare slurry, and conveying the gangue to a overlying strata separation space or a goaf filling mining space through a pipeline; the industrial utilization of gangue is to make building materials, fertilizer, power generation fuel and other industrial products by using gangue.
However, limited thickness mining and partial mining will greatly reduce the production rate; the coal mining efficiency is reduced by the layered interval mining, and the bottom plate of the coal roadway is difficult to maintain during the layered mining on deep and impact dangerous mines, and meanwhile, the coal roadway bottom plate is not beneficial to fire prevention of the coal seam; the filling mining needs a large amount of materials which are easy to transport to reach a certain strength in a short time and timely support the top plate, and meanwhile, the filling operation and the coal mining operation can be mutually interfered, so that the cost is greatly increased and the production efficiency is reduced.
The waste solid filling needs special filling equipment and process, and has the advantages of complex process, low production efficiency and high production cost; the grouting filling of the gangue slurry is obviously influenced by the size of the gap, meanwhile, the damage compaction period of the overburden is shorter, the gap of the goaf is closed along with the sinking of the overburden stratum, and the grouting filling gangue is insufficient in processing capacity in the general method; the gangue industry utilization is constrained by transportation costs and productivity to handle large amounts of gangue.
In short, the existing low-loss mining method cannot achieve both green safe mining and efficient economic mining at the expense of mining rate, mining efficiency and increased mining cost. The existing gangue treatment and utilization technology has insufficient production capacity and high treatment cost.
Based on the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a green mining method, and fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the green mining method provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
step 110, acquiring water guide fracture zone height and ground subsidence data of the coal-bearing stratum, and determining the top boundary of the mining water guide fracture based on the water guide fracture zone height.
Specifically, considering the irreversibility of rock mass damage, the damage to the rock mass will produce a volumetric expansion that consumes a portion of the production space. Under the action of mining stress, the rock mass with lower strength is fully destroyed when being closer to the coal seam, the block mass produced after the destruction is smaller in block size and can be randomly piled in a goaf, and the mining damage expansion amount is larger; when the rock mass intensity is higher and the structure is complete, form great block easily after the mining, the working face is pushed away behind the certain distance and is broken the subsidence in a large scale, neatly piles up in the goaf, and mining destruction expansion amount is less.
The root cause of the rock stratum movement and the development of the water-guiding fracture zone caused by the coal seam extraction is that the overlying rock stratum exists a sinking space after the coal seam extraction, and the low-loss exploitation basically starts from the control of the extraction space.
Statistics show that the height of the mining water guiding fracture zone is obviously larger when the top plate strength is high and the structure is complete than that of the water guiding fracture zone when the top plate strength is low.
Hydraulic fracturing can produce a fracture network in a rock stratum, and strength of the fractured rock mass is greatly reduced after interaction with water, so that the hydraulic fracturing can remarkably reduce the integrity and the overall strength of the rock stratum. The roof rock stratum is treated by hydraulic fracturing, and then the rock mass is further destroyed by means of mine pressure action, so that the destroyed block of the roof is reduced, the roof rock mass is randomly piled up in a goaf, the destroyed expansion amount of the roof rock mass can be increased, and the sinking movement space of the overlying rock stratum is reduced.
Meanwhile, the crushed and expanded rock mass produced after the fracturing and the mining actions has large void volume, is a typical strain strengthening material, and has smaller initial rigidity. The supporting effect of the broken rock mass on the overburden at the initial stage of the action of the overburden is small, and the effect of controlling the subsidence and damage of the overburden is limited.
And note that the large void fraction and strain hardening characteristic of the crushed and expanded rock mass produced after fracturing and mining damage provide enough space and time for gangue slurry injection, so that larger-particle gangue particle injection can be allowed, the gangue crushing cost can be reduced, the grouting time can be prolonged, and the gangue slurry injection amount can be increased. On one hand, the gangue slurry injection can fill the gaps of the crushed bodies, increase the rigidity of the crushed expanding bodies, and reduce the damage range of overlying strata and the subsidence of the ground surface; on the other hand, the waste rock treatment capacity can be increased, and the environmental pollution caused by waste rock discharge is avoided.
The fracturing treatment of hard overlying strata and the grouting filling of broken gangue can greatly reduce the height of a mining water guide fracture zone and the subsidence of the ground surface.
Therefore, the water guiding fracture zone height and the ground subsidence data of the coal-bearing stratum can be obtained, the water guiding fracture zone height of the coal-bearing stratum refers to the maximum height of water guiding caused by fracture of an overlying strata by mining, water resource loss of the overlying strata, increase of water inflow of a mine and even mine water disaster accidents can be caused when the water guiding fracture zone height reaches the overlying strata, and the water guiding fracture zone height is generally calculated from a coal seam roof.
The actual measurement data of the mine hydrogeological conditions, stratum structural characteristics, stratum rock mechanical parameters, the mine surface subsidence and water guiding fracture zone height of the mine and similar geological conditions can be obtained. The hydrogeological conditions of the mine reflect the hydrogeological conditions around the mine, the stratum structural characteristics reflect the characteristic information of the coal-bearing stratum structural layer, the stratum rock mechanical parameters reflect the parameters of rock breaking and stability, and the deformation parameters and the destruction rules of the rock in various stress states in different physical environments can be reflected.
The measured data of the subsidence of the mine surface and the height of the water guiding fracture zone under the similar geological conditions can be used for determining the height of the water guiding fracture zone.
It will be appreciated that the actual data of the mine hydrogeologic conditions, formation structural characteristics, formation rock mechanical parameters, mine surface subsidence and water-conducting fracture zone height for the present mine and similar geologic conditions will have an impact on coal seam mining, and therefore, reference is also made to the impact of these factors on coal seam mining.
The water-guiding fracture zone height herein may be determined based on observations of a first mine of the coal-bearing formation, observations of a similar mine of the first mine, and a predicted water-guiding fracture zone height.
The mining water diversion crack top boundary is obtained by subtracting the height of a water diversion crack zone from the elevation of a coal seam floor.
The surface subsidence refers to the deformation of the ground caused by the caving of the roof of the subsurface goaf, and the surface subsidence data may be determined based on the overburden type, where the surface subsidence data may include a surface subsidence coefficient and a horizontal movement coefficient, may include a main impact tangent, a mining impact propagation angle, an inflection point offset distance, and may include a surface subsidence coefficient, a horizontal movement coefficient, a main impact tangent, a mining impact propagation angle, an inflection point offset distance, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the surface subsidence data are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 surface subsidence data
And 120, determining a pre-splitting mode based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of the mining water-guiding crack and the aquifer of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value.
Specifically, after determining the top boundary of the mining water-conducting fracture, the pre-fracture mode may be determined based on the thickness of the formation between the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-fracture weakening layer, if the distance between the top boundary of the mining water-conducting fracture and the aquifer of the coal-bearing formation is less than a first preset threshold, or if the surface subsidence data is greater than a second preset threshold.
The aquifer of the coal-bearing stratum is mainly water containing cracks, and mainly consists of various rocks with relatively developed cracks.
The first preset threshold here is a water-barrier rock column height value, which is determined based on the overburden type, wherein the water-barrier rock column height value requirement is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 demand for the height of the marine rock column
In Table 2Sigma M is accumulated thickness, n is layering number, and Table 2 is applicable to gently inclined (0-35) and moderately inclined (36-54) coal beds.
The second preset threshold herein may include a preset threshold of a subsurface subsidence coefficient, a preset threshold of a horizontal movement coefficient, a preset threshold of a main impact tangent, a preset threshold of a mining impact propagation angle, a preset threshold of an inflection point offset distance, etc., which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
For example, in table 1, when the overburden type is hard, the preset threshold value of the surface subsidence coefficient in the surface subsidence data is 0.54, and the preset threshold value of the horizontal movement coefficient in the surface subsidence data is 0.3; for another example, when the overburden type is medium hard, the preset threshold value of the surface subsidence data, which mainly affects the tangent, is 2.40, and the preset threshold value of the surface subsidence coefficient in the surface subsidence data is 0.84.
That is, the pre-fracture mode may be determined based on the thickness of the formation between the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-fracture weakening layer, if the distance between the top boundary of the mining induced water fracture and the aquifer of the coal-bearing formation is less than a first preset threshold, or based on the thickness of the formation between the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation and the coal seam, if the surface subsidence data is greater than a second preset threshold.
Here, the pre-crack engineering amount may be determined based on the pre-crack weakening layer thickness, and the pre-crack pattern may be determined based on the pre-crack engineering amount.
The pre-fracture weakening layer refers to a layer which needs to be pre-fractured in a coal-bearing stratum, wherein the pre-fracture mode can comprise a downhole directional horizontal drilling hydraulic fracturing technology, a surface directional long drilling staged hydraulic fracturing technology and the like, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited in particular.
For example, if the thickness of the formation between the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-fracture weakening layer are relatively thin, a pre-fracture approach may be employed for downhole directional horizontal drilling staged hydraulic fracturing techniques, and if the thickness of the formation between the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-fracture weakening layer are relatively thick, a pre-fracture approach may be employed for surface directional long drilling staged hydraulic fracturing techniques.
Hydraulic fracturing techniques herein refer to the use of a surface fracturing string to inject a viscous fluid into a well along a wellbore at a sufficiently high pressure and a sufficiently large displacement to fracture a complete formation to create a network of fractures.
And 130, pre-cracking the pre-cracking weakening layer based on the pre-cracking mode, and mining the coal seam after the pre-cracking is completed.
Specifically, after the pre-cracking mode is determined, the pre-cracking weakened layer may be pre-cracked based on the pre-cracking mode, for example, a directional downhole horizontal drilling staged hydraulic fracturing technology may be used to pre-crack the pre-cracking weakened layer, a surface directional long drilling staged hydraulic fracturing technology may also be used to pre-crack the pre-cracking weakened layer, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited in this way.
After the presplitting is completed, coal mining is performed. Here, the pre-fracture construction scheme may be determined with the objective of fully pre-fracturing the formation, changing the formation fracture pattern, based on factors such as formation thickness, strength, face size, etc. of the pre-fracture weakening layer.
After the pre-fracture construction scheme is determined, the pre-fracture construction may be performed prior to coal mining. In the presplitting construction process, presplitting crack development condition can be monitored through a microseismic monitoring technology, so that the sufficient fracturing weakening of the hard rock stratum is ensured.
The microseismic monitoring technology is a real-time, dynamic and continuous geophysical monitoring method for judging the development of fracture cracks by utilizing microseismic information generated by coal and rock fracture.
The pre-fracture development characteristics herein characterize the target formation pre-fracture development.
And 140, after the coal seam mining is completed, performing coal-based solid waste grouting filling.
Specifically, the coal-based solid waste grouting filling can be performed after the coal seam exploitation is completed. For example, the grouting-filling borehole placement location may be determined first, and then the coal-based solid waste grouting filling may be performed based on the grouting-filling borehole placement location.
For example, coal-based solid wastes such as crushed coal gangue and fly ash, cement and corresponding additives can be configured according to a certain proportion to form coal-based solid waste grouting filling slurry which is convenient for efficient transportation of pipelines.
It can be understood that the coal-based solid waste grouting filling slurry is convenient to transport under the condition of reasonable cost control, has certain cementing property, and can form a combined supporting body with the supporting effect of the overlying strata by the broken rocks which are randomly piled in the goaf after presplitting and mine pressure.
Grouting filling can fully utilize the constructed fractured well and other drilling holes to reduce the drilling cost. And determining the grouting filling amount of each drilling hole according to the grouting drilling hole control area, the total gap amount and the gap structure characteristics of the caving region after the fracturing treatment so as to prepare to fill raw materials in advance. The final hole position of the grouting drill hole should be arranged above the fracturing layer to ensure that slurry can flow into the disordered pile to fill the pile gap.
Injecting coal-based solid waste slurry into the burst zone after fracturing treatment through grouting drilling of design construction, and judging grouting conditions through underground monitoring and grouting pressure monitoring in the grouting process.
In addition, the method also needs to carry out the test of the fracturing-grouting filling effect, namely comprehensively judging the effects of controlling the subsidence of the earth surface and mining water guiding fracture zone height by data such as underground and ground drilling, mine pressure displaying, rock stratum movement monitoring, earth surface subsidence measurement, mine water guiding fracture zone height detection, mine water inflow change and the like.
It can be understood that the embodiment of the invention reforms the thick hard rock stratum of the near field of the coal seam through hydraulic fracturing, so that the thick hard rock stratum can be fully destroyed under the action of mine pressure, and a disordered stack body can be formed in a goaf after mining. The high void content and strain hardening characteristics of the fully fractured body formed by increasing the mining fracture expansion of the thick hard rock stratum and relying on the full fracture of the thick hard rock stratum provide space and time for the grouting and filling of the coal-based solid waste slurry.
And the combined supporting body formed after filling the gaps with the gangue slurry is used for limiting the sinking movement and damage of the overlying strata, so that the control of the height of the water guide fracture zone and the control of the earth surface subsidence can be realized under the condition of not affecting the extraction rate and the extraction efficiency.
Thus, not only can the mining disturbance be reduced, but also a large amount of solid waste discharged by mining and utilization of the coal mine can be treated. Compared with the traditional low-loss mining method, the method has the outstanding advantages of low cost, high mining rate, no influence on production and the like, simultaneously provides a solution for large-scale treatment of coal-based solid waste, and is suitable for mining thick coal beds with thick hard rock layers on top plates. Namely, the embodiment of the invention provides a new way with high efficiency and low cost for realizing water conservation exploitation, water damage prevention and control of the coal mine roof, ground surface subsidence control and gangue treatment.
It can be appreciated that the green mining method reduces the mining cost and can meet the requirements of green safety mining and efficient economic mining.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the hard rock stratum is presplitted based on a presplitting mode, coal seam exploitation is carried out after presplitting is completed, coal-based solid waste grouting filling is carried out in a goaf after coal seam exploitation is completed, and the presplitting mode is determined based on the thickness of the rock stratum between a presplitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the presplitting weakening layer under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of a water guide crack and the water-bearing stratum of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the ground surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value. Therefore, comprehensive control of overburden rock damage and surface subsidence is realized through pre-cracking the hard rock stratum, and compared with the traditional low-loss mining method, the method has the outstanding advantages of low cost, high mining rate, no influence on production and the like; and, through injecting gangue slurry into the broken and expanded pile body after the pre-cracking and breaking, the large void volume and the strain strengthening characteristic of the broken and expanded pile body are utilized, so that the injection of larger particle gangue is allowed, the grouting time is prolonged, the grouting amount is increased, and the treatment capacity and the rock stratum control effect of the gangue are improved.
Based on the above embodiment, step 120 includes:
step 121, determining a presplitting engineering quantity based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the presplitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the presplitting weakening layer, and the coal seam mining thickness;
and step 122, determining the pre-cracking mode based on the pre-cracking engineering quantity.
Specifically, considering that the coal seam mining thickness also affects the selection of the pre-splitting mode, the pre-splitting engineering amount can be determined based on the thickness of the rock layer between the pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer, and the coal seam mining thickness. The thickness of the coal seam refers to the thickness of the coal seam, and the presplitting engineering amount refers to the engineering amount required for carrying out fracturing construction.
It is understood that the thicker the thickness of the rock layer between the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-fracture weakening layer, the greater the coal seam mining thickness, the greater the pre-fracture engineering amount; the thinner the thickness of the rock layer between the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal layer and the thinner the pre-fracture weakening layer, and the smaller the coal layer thickness, the smaller the pre-fracture engineering amount.
After determining the pre-crack engineering amount, a pre-crack pattern may be determined based on the pre-crack engineering amount.
For example, when the amount of pre-fracture engineering is small, i.e., when the thickness of the rock formation between the pre-fracture weakened layer of the coal-bearing formation and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-fracture weakened layer are small and the coal seam is less thick, a downhole directional horizontal drilling hydraulic fracturing technique may be employed as a pre-fracture.
For another example, when the pre-cracking engineering amount is large, that is, when the thickness of the rock layer between the pre-cracking weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-cracking weakening layer are large and the coal seam is thick, the surface directional long drilling staged hydraulic fracturing technology can be adopted as a pre-cracking mode.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the presplitting engineering quantity is determined based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the presplitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the presplitting weakening layer and the coal seam mining thickness, and then the presplitting mode is determined based on the presplitting engineering quantity, so that the accuracy and the reliability of the presplitting mode determination are improved.
Based on the above embodiment, step 140 includes:
step 141, determining grouting filling drilling arrangement positions based on a seepage rule and a diffusion radius in a slurry falling zone filled with coal-based solid waste grouting;
and 142, after the coal seam exploitation is completed, performing grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste based on the grouting filling drilling arrangement position.
Specifically, before the coal-based solid waste grouting filling is performed, the grouting filling drilling placement position needs to be determined, and therefore, the grouting filling drilling placement position can be determined based on the seepage rule and the diffusion radius inside the slurry falling zone of the coal-based solid waste grouting filling.
The grouting-filling borehole placement location herein reflects borehole location information for coal-based solid waste grouting filling.
The seepage rule refers to a rule that the crack evolution of the pile-up body is destroyed by the top plate under the slurry particle deposition and the slurry migration is taken as a main line, and the diffusion of the grouting slurry in the pile-up body of the broken top plate and the particle deposition characteristics are reflected.
In conventional grouting, the grout is forced out of the grout hole and diffuses into the formation, assuming that the plane of diffusion is in the range of a circle, the radius of which is the grout diffusion radius.
After the coal seam exploitation is completed, the coal-based solid waste grouting filling can be performed based on the grouting filling drilling arrangement position.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the arrangement position of the grouting filling drilling holes is determined based on the seepage rule and the diffusion radius in the coal-based solid waste grouting filling slurry falling zone, the accuracy and the reliability of the determination of the arrangement position of the grouting filling drilling holes are improved, after coal seam exploitation is completed, the coal-based solid waste grouting filling is performed based on the arrangement position of the grouting filling drilling holes, the high efficiency and the rationality of the coal-based solid waste grouting filling are improved, and a large amount of solid waste discharged by coal mining and utilization can be treated.
Based on the above embodiment, step 142 includes:
and carrying out coal-based solid waste grouting filling based on the grouting filling drilling hole arrangement position, and the water guide fracture zone height control target and/or the ground surface subsidence reduction target.
Specifically, when the coal-based solid waste grouting filling is carried out, a water guide fracture zone height control target and a ground surface subsidence reduction target can be combined.
That is, the coal-based solid waste grouting fill may be performed based on the grouting fill borehole placement location, as well as the water-guiding fracture zone height control target and/or the surface subsidence-reducing target.
The water-guiding fracture zone height control targets herein may be referred to as the height control targets in the marine riser height value requirements of table 2, and the surface subsidence targets herein may be referred to as the surface subsidence targets in the surface subsidence data of table 1.
It can be understood that under the condition that the height control target of the water guide fracture zone and/or the ground surface subsidence reduction target are met, the grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste is carried out based on the grouting filling drilling arrangement position, so that the accuracy and the reliability of the grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste are further improved.
Based on the above embodiment, the water-guiding fracture zone height of the coal-bearing formation is determined based on any one of observed data of a first mine, observed data of a similar mine of the first mine, and a water-guiding fracture zone predicted height determined based on a overburden type in the coal-bearing formation.
Specifically, the water-guiding fracture zone height of the coal-bearing formation may be determined based on any one of observed data of a first mine, observed data of a similar mine of the first mine, and a predicted water-guiding fracture zone height. When the height data of the two zones of the same mine and similar mines are lacking, the height of the water guide crack zone can be determined according to an empirical formula and other methods. The height of the water guiding crack zone based on the statistical rule is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 prediction height formula for water-conducting fracture zone
Sigma M in Table 3 is the cumulative thickness. Application range of water guide fracture zone prediction height formula: the single-layer sampling thickness is 1-3 m, and the accumulated sampling thickness is not more than 15m. The + -number term in the calculation formula is a medium error.
In addition, the predicted height of the water-guiding fracture zone can also be determined based on the key layer theory: when the key layer is located in the 7-10 times mining height range, the mining water guiding fracture zone develops to the top of the key layer control rock stratum.
The predicted height of the water-guiding fracture zone can also be determined based on deformation analysis: when the layer-by-layer tensile deformation rate of the rock layer is larger than a critical value, the rock layer is broken by stretching to generate longitudinal fracture water guide.
Wherein, the formula of the tensile deformation rate of the layer direction is as follows:
wherein epsilon is the tensile deformation rate of the rock stratum; h is the height of the rock stratum from the coal seam roof, m; w (w) k A subsidence amount, m, of a (k+1) th layer of rock stratum above the coal layer; μ=cotδ0+cotψ3, δ 0 For coal seam mining boundary angle, psi 3 To fully take the angle.
Various lithologic rock formation fracture water conductivity limits: (1) Weak rock stratum, fracture-recovery ratio of 7.8-8.3, critical elongation of stratum layer more than 0.40%; (2) The fracture and recovery ratio of the medium hard rock layer is 10.0-15.88, and the critical elongation rate of the rock layer is 0.1-0.24%; (3) The fracture-recovery ratio of the hard rock stratum is 19.2, and the critical stretching rate of the rock stratum layer by layer is 0.04%.
After determining the predicted height of the water-guiding fracture zone based on the overlying strata type in the coal-bearing stratum, determining the predicted height of the water-guiding fracture zone based on the key stratum theory, and determining the predicted height of the water-guiding fracture zone based on the deformation analysis method, the maximum value obtained in the three calculation methods can be taken as the predicted height of the water-guiding fracture zone, and the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited.
The observation data of the first mine refer to the fracture ratio data obtained by observing the drilling holes in the mine when two observation holes are formed in the same mine. The observation data of the first mine can be used as the calculation basis of the height of the water guide fracture zone of the non-mined working face.
The observation data of the similar mine of the first mine refers to the observation data of the water-guiding fracture zone of the mine with the similar overlying rock structure and the mining parameters which are adopted preferentially when two observation records are not available in the same mine. The height of the water guide fracture zone of the working face can be predicted according to the observation data of the similar mine of the first mine.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the height of the water-guiding fracture zone of the coal-bearing stratum is determined based on any one of the observation data of the first mine, the observation data of the similar mine of the first mine and the predicted height of the water-guiding fracture zone, so that the accuracy and the reliability of determining the height of the water-guiding fracture zone of the coal-bearing stratum are improved.
Based on the above embodiments, the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation is determined based on a overburden strength of the coal-bearing formation, a mining overburden failure characteristic of the coal-bearing formation.
Specifically, the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation may be determined based on the overburden strength of the coal-bearing formation, the mining overburden failure characteristics of the coal-bearing formation. The overburden strength of the coal-bearing formation herein reflects the compressive strength of the overburden of the coal-bearing formation, and the mining overburden failure characteristics of the coal-bearing formation herein reflect the failure of the overburden of the coal-bearing formation.
For example, mine formation histograms and formation rock mechanical parameters may be collected, and a hard host formation may be determined based on the formation structure and strength parameters. The principle of determining the layer position of the presplitting weakening layer is as follows:
(1) The rock stratum has compact structure, good integrity, high strength and good compressibility.
(2) The method has a main control function on mining stratum activities, the influence of a thin hard rock layer on mining crack development is small, and when the thickness of the hard stratum which is formed in the overburden rock reaches more than 2 times of the mining thickness of the coal seam, the control function on the mining overburden rock activities is remarkable. The larger the thickness of the hard stratum is, the more remarkable the control effect on the activity of the overlying stratum is, and the effect of presplitting weakening control of the height of the water guiding fracture zone and the activity of the overlying stratum is better.
(3) The formation is stable in occurrence in the whole working face, the mining area and even the mining area. Presplitting weakens hard formation control formation movement is an overall control of overall face, mining area, and even overall mine formation movement, so that formations that are stable and relatively uniform in thickness throughout mining area and even mine can be considered ideal presplitting weakens.
(4) According to the mining overburden rock damage characteristics, rock strata which are close to a coal bed and can fully damage disordered stacked strata under mining actions are called small-block damage areas, the overburden rock strength is high, the rock strata which are broken in large blocks under the mining actions are called large-block damage areas, and the rock strata in the large-block damage areas are selected as pre-fracture weakening layers.
Based on any of the above embodiments, a green mining method includes the following steps: and firstly, acquiring water guide fracture zone height and ground subsidence data of the coal-bearing stratum, and determining the top boundary of the mining water guide fracture based on the water guide fracture zone height. The actual measurement data of the mine hydrogeological conditions, stratum structural characteristics, stratum rock mechanical parameters, the mine surface subsidence and water guiding fracture zone height of the mine and similar geological conditions can be obtained.
The water-guiding fracture zone height of the coal-bearing formation is determined based on any one of observed data of the first mine, observed data of similar mines of the first mine, and a predicted water-guiding fracture zone height, which is determined based on a overburden type in the coal-bearing formation.
And a second step of determining the pre-splitting engineering quantity based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer and the coal seam mining thickness under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of the mining water-guiding crack and the water-bearing stratum of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the ground subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value.
And thirdly, determining the pre-cracking mode based on the pre-cracking engineering quantity.
And fourthly, presplitting the presplitting weakening layer based on a presplitting mode, and mining the coal seam after presplitting is completed.
The pre-fracture weakening of the coal-bearing formation herein is determined based on the overburden strength of the coal-bearing formation and the fracture characteristics of the mined overburden of the coal-bearing formation.
And fifthly, determining the arrangement positions of grouting filling drilling holes based on the seepage rule and the diffusion radius in the slurry falling zone filled with the coal-based solid waste grouting.
And sixthly, after the coal seam exploitation is completed, carrying out grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste based on the grouting filling drilling arrangement position, the water guide fracture zone height control target and/or the ground surface subsidence reduction target.
The green mining device provided by the invention is described below, and the green mining device described below and the green mining method described above can be referred to correspondingly.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the present invention provides a green mining device, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the green mining device provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the device includes:
an obtaining unit 210, configured to obtain water-guiding fracture zone height and ground subsidence data of a coal-bearing stratum, and determine a top boundary of a mining water-guiding fracture based on the water-guiding fracture zone height;
a pre-fracture mode determining unit 220, configured to determine a pre-fracture mode based on a thickness of a rock layer between a pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation and a coal seam and a thickness of the pre-fracture weakening layer when a distance between a top boundary of the mining water-guiding fracture and an aquifer of the coal-bearing formation is less than a first preset threshold value, or when the surface subsidence data is greater than a second preset threshold value;
a mining unit 230, configured to pre-crack the pre-crack weakened layer based on the pre-crack manner, and perform coal seam mining after the pre-crack is completed;
And the filling unit 240 is used for performing grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste after the coal seam mining is completed.
The device provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for presplitting the presplitting weakening layer based on a presplitting mode, mining a coal seam after presplitting is completed, and filling coal-based solid waste grouting after the coal seam mining is completed, wherein the presplitting mode is determined based on the thickness of a rock stratum between the presplitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the presplitting weakening layer under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of a water guide crack and the water-bearing stratum of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the ground surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value. Therefore, comprehensive control of overburden rock damage and surface subsidence is realized through pre-cracking the hard rock stratum, and compared with the traditional low-loss mining method, the method has the outstanding advantages of low cost, high mining rate, no influence on production and the like; and, through injecting gangue slurry into the broken and expanded pile body after the pre-cracking and breaking, the large void volume and the strain strengthening characteristic of the broken and expanded pile body are utilized, so that the injection of larger particle gangue is allowed, the grouting time is prolonged, the grouting amount is increased, and the treatment capacity and the rock stratum control effect of the gangue are improved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the pre-splitting pattern determining unit 220 is specifically configured to:
Determining a presplitting engineering quantity based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the presplitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam, the thickness of the presplitting weakening layer and the coal seam mining thickness;
and determining the pre-cracking mode based on the pre-cracking engineering quantity.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the filling unit 240 is specifically configured to:
determining a grouting filling drilling hole arrangement position unit, which is used for determining the grouting filling drilling hole arrangement position based on a seepage rule and a diffusion radius in a slurry falling zone filled with coal-based solid waste grouting;
and the coal-based solid waste grouting filling unit is used for carrying out coal-based solid waste grouting filling based on the grouting filling drilling arrangement position after the coal seam exploitation is completed.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the coal-based solid waste grouting filling unit is specifically configured to:
and carrying out coal-based solid waste grouting filling based on the grouting filling drilling hole arrangement position, and the water guide fracture zone height control target and/or the ground surface subsidence reduction target.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the water-guiding fracture zone height of the coal-bearing formation is determined based on any of observed data of a first mine, observed data of a similar mine of the first mine, and a water-guiding fracture zone predicted height determined based on a overburden type in the coal-bearing formation.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation is determined based on a overburden strength of the coal-bearing formation, a production overburden failure characteristic of the coal-bearing formation.
Fig. 3 illustrates a physical schematic diagram of an electronic device, as shown in fig. 3, where the electronic device may include: processor 310, communication interface (Communications Interface) 320, memory 330 and communication bus 340, wherein processor 310, communication interface 320, memory 330 accomplish communication with each other through communication bus 340. The processor 310 may invoke logic instructions in the memory 330 to perform a green mining method comprising: acquiring water guide fracture zone height and ground subsidence data of a coal-bearing stratum, and determining the top boundary of a mining water guide fracture based on the water guide fracture zone height; determining a pre-splitting mode based on the thickness of a rock stratum between a pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and a coal seam and the thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of the mining water-guiding crack and the water-bearing stratum of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value; pre-fracturing the pre-fracturing weakened layer based on the pre-fracturing mode, and mining the coal seam after the pre-fracturing is completed; and after the coal seam exploitation is completed, carrying out grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory 330 described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program storable on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program when executed by a processor being capable of performing the green mining method provided by the methods described above, the method comprising: acquiring water guide fracture zone height and ground subsidence data of a coal-bearing stratum, and determining the top boundary of a mining water guide fracture based on the water guide fracture zone height; determining a pre-splitting mode based on the thickness of a rock stratum between a pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and a coal seam and the thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of the mining water-guiding crack and the water-bearing stratum of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value; pre-fracturing the pre-fracturing weakened layer based on the pre-fracturing mode, and mining the coal seam after the pre-fracturing is completed; and after the coal seam exploitation is completed, carrying out grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the green mining method provided by the above methods, the method comprising: acquiring water guide fracture zone height and ground subsidence data of a coal-bearing stratum, and determining the top boundary of a mining water guide fracture based on the water guide fracture zone height; determining a pre-splitting mode based on the thickness of a rock stratum between a pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and a coal seam and the thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of the mining water-guiding crack and the water-bearing stratum of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value; pre-fracturing the pre-fracturing weakened layer based on the pre-fracturing mode, and mining the coal seam after the pre-fracturing is completed; and after the coal seam exploitation is completed, carrying out grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A green mining method, comprising:
acquiring water guide fracture zone height and ground subsidence data of a coal-bearing stratum, and determining the top boundary of a mining water guide fracture based on the water guide fracture zone height;
determining a pre-splitting mode based on the thickness of a rock stratum between a pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and a coal seam and the thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer under the condition that the distance between the top boundary of the mining water-guiding crack and the water-bearing stratum of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value or the surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value; the surface subsidence data comprises a surface subsidence coefficient, a horizontal movement coefficient, a main impact tangent, a mining impact propagation angle and an inflection point offset distance;
determining that the pre-fracturing mode is a downhole directional horizontal drilling staged hydraulic fracturing technology under the condition that the thickness of a rock stratum between a pre-fracturing weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and a coal seam and the thickness of the pre-fracturing weakening layer are thin, and determining that the pre-fracturing mode is a surface directional long drilling staged hydraulic fracturing technology under the condition that the thickness of the rock stratum between the pre-fracturing weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-fracturing weakening layer are thick;
Pre-fracturing the pre-fracturing weakened layer based on the pre-fracturing mode, and mining the coal seam after the pre-fracturing is completed;
after the coal seam exploitation is completed, carrying out grouting filling of coal-based solid waste;
the method for determining the pre-cracking mode based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the pre-cracking weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-cracking weakening layer comprises the following steps:
determining a presplitting engineering quantity based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the presplitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam, the thickness of the presplitting weakening layer and the coal seam mining thickness;
determining the pre-cracking mode based on the pre-cracking engineering quantity;
the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation is determined based on a overburden strength of the coal-bearing formation, a mining overburden failure characteristic of the coal-bearing formation.
2. The green mining method according to claim 1, wherein the performing the coal-based solid waste grouting filling after the coal seam mining is completed comprises:
determining the arrangement position of grouting filling drilling holes based on the seepage rule and the diffusion radius in the slurry falling zone filled with the coal-based solid waste grouting;
and after the coal seam exploitation is completed, carrying out grouting filling of the coal-based solid waste based on the grouting filling drilling hole arrangement position.
3. The green mining method of claim 2, wherein the performing coal-based solid waste grouting fill based on the grouting fill borehole placement location comprises:
and carrying out coal-based solid waste grouting filling based on the grouting filling drilling hole arrangement position, and the water guide fracture zone height control target and/or the ground surface subsidence reduction target.
4. The green mining method of claim 1, wherein the water-bearing fracture zone height of the coal-bearing formation is determined based on any one of observed data of a first mine, observed data of a similar mine of the first mine, and a water-bearing fracture zone predicted height determined based on a overburden type in the coal-bearing formation.
5. A green mining device, comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the water guide fracture zone height and the ground subsidence data of the coal-bearing stratum and determining the top boundary of the mining water guide fracture based on the water guide fracture zone height;
a pre-splitting mode determining unit, configured to determine a pre-splitting mode based on a thickness of a rock layer between a pre-splitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and a coal layer and a thickness of the pre-splitting weakening layer when a distance between a top boundary of the mining water-guiding fracture and an aquifer of the coal-bearing stratum is smaller than a first preset threshold value, or when the surface subsidence data is larger than a second preset threshold value; the surface subsidence data comprises a surface subsidence coefficient, a horizontal movement coefficient, a main impact tangent, a mining impact propagation angle and an inflection point offset distance;
Determining that the pre-fracturing mode is a downhole directional horizontal drilling staged hydraulic fracturing technology under the condition that the thickness of a rock stratum between a pre-fracturing weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and a coal seam and the thickness of the pre-fracturing weakening layer are thin, and determining that the pre-fracturing mode is a surface directional long drilling staged hydraulic fracturing technology under the condition that the thickness of the rock stratum between the pre-fracturing weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam and the thickness of the pre-fracturing weakening layer are thick;
the exploitation unit is used for presplitting the presplitting weakening layer based on the presplitting mode, and exploitation of the coal seam is carried out after presplitting is completed;
the filling unit is used for carrying out grouting filling on the coal-based solid waste after the coal seam exploitation is completed;
the pre-splitting mode determination unit is specifically configured to:
determining a presplitting engineering quantity based on the thickness of the rock stratum between the presplitting weakening layer of the coal-bearing stratum and the coal seam, the thickness of the presplitting weakening layer and the coal seam mining thickness;
determining the pre-cracking mode based on the pre-cracking engineering quantity;
the pre-fracture weakening layer of the coal-bearing formation is determined based on a overburden strength of the coal-bearing formation, a mining overburden failure characteristic of the coal-bearing formation.
6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the green mining method of any one of claims 1 to 4 when the program is executed.
7. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the green mining method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
8. A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the green mining method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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