CN116445169A - Multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116445169A CN116445169A CN202310403762.5A CN202310403762A CN116445169A CN 116445169 A CN116445169 A CN 116445169A CN 202310403762 A CN202310403762 A CN 202310403762A CN 116445169 A CN116445169 A CN 116445169A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical group O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000193744 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000589513 Burkholderia cepacia Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002972 pentoses Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002681 soil colloid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JSYPRLVDJYQMAI-ODZAUARKSA-N (z)-but-2-enedioic acid;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O JSYPRLVDJYQMAI-ODZAUARKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000194103 Bacillus pumilus Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002364 soil amendment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-source coal-based solid waste alkaline soil conditioner and a processing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of alkaline soil conditioners. The multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 38-45% of desulfurized gypsum, 25-30% of fly ash, 18-25% of furfural residue, 0.5-3% of composite microbial agent and the balance of modified coal gangue. The multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalization soil conditioner prepared by the invention can obviously reduce the pH and alkalization degree of soil, improve the soil structure, increase the soil fertility and provide good soil conditions for crop growth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alkaline soil conditioners, and particularly relates to a multi-source coal-based solid waste alkaline soil conditioner and a processing method thereof.
Background
Regarding saline-alkali soil conditioner, a great deal of research results appear at home and abroad, and the modifier in the saline-alkali soil conditioner and the preparation method thereof disclosed by CN201110050644 is prepared by adding water into citric acid, maleic acid acrylic acid copolymer, sodium polyacrylate and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the biological drip irrigation saline-alkali soil modifier disclosed by CN201610860371.6 is prepared from amino acid, potassium humate, urea and the like; the invention disclosed in CN201910192704.6 is named as a pH controlled release microcapsule polymer saline-alkali soil modifier and a preparation method thereof, and the modifier is mainly prepared from an organic polymer, an organic solvent, a surfactant and the like. The products are mainly soil amendments prepared by using high molecular organic matters, and the raw material cost is high.
At present, the saline-alkali soil conditioner using organic polymer substances as raw materials has the problem of higher cost in large-area application. If the soil conditioner can be prepared by taking the local industrial and agricultural waste as the main raw material, not only the industrial and agricultural waste can be recycled, but also the local saline-alkali soil can be improved to be used as the reserve farmland resource, and the ecological benefit and the social and economic benefit are good.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner and a processing method thereof, which can improve the physicochemical properties of the alkalized soil and recycle industrial and agricultural wastes while reducing the cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 38-45% of desulfurized gypsum, 25-30% of fly ash, 18-25% of furfural residue, 0.5-3% of composite microbial agent and the balance of modified coal gangue.
The desulfurization gypsum in the alkalized soil conditioner is mainly a byproduct of a wet desulfurization process of a coal-fired power plant. The main component is the same as natural gypsum, is calcium sulfate dihydrate, and the content is more than 85%. The desulfurized gypsum also contains various components such as silicon dioxide, sodium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfite, limestone, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and the like. Compared with other gypsum powder, the desulfurized gypsum powder has the characteristics of being renewable, small in granularity, stable in components, low in content of harmful impurities, high in purity and the like. The calcium ions in the desulfurized gypsum can be exchanged with the sodium ions in the alkalized soil colloid, the exchanged sodium ions flow away along with water after water irrigation, and the pH and the alkalization degree of the soil are reduced.
The fly ash in the alkalized soil conditioner is fine ash trapped from the flue gas after coal combustion, and is main solid waste discharged by coal-fired power plants. With the rapid development of industry, the emission of fly ash in coal-fired power plants is increased year by year, and if a large amount of fly ash is not treated, dust emission is generated to pollute the environment. In order to better protect the environment, the resource utilization of the fly ash is a main way and development trend. The fly ash mainly comprises porous particles, and after the fly ash is applied to the alkalized soil, the porosity can be increased, the volume weight can be reduced, and the alkaline spots on the surface of the soil can be effectively prevented. The porous fly ash has certain adsorptivity and certain water-retaining function. Meanwhile, the fly ash contains various element components, and some elements are beneficial to improving the validity of phosphorus in soil, increasing the contents of microelements such as iron, manganese, zinc, boron, copper and the like in soil and promoting the growth and development of crops.
The furfural residue in the alkalized soil conditioner is biomass waste generated by hydrolyzing pentose components in biomass substances such as corncobs, cornstalks, rice hulls, cotton seed hulls and agricultural and sideline product processing offcuts to produce furfural. The furfural residue is acidic, can neutralize base ions in soil, and reduces the pH value and the alkalization degree of the soil after irrigation. Meanwhile, the furfural residue as biomass waste contains a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the particles are loose, and the volume weight of soil can be reduced by applying the furfural residue into cracking alkaline earth. In addition, the organic matter content of the furfural residue can reach more than 76%, and the furfural residue has the functions of reducing the volume weight of soil and increasing the fertilizer of the soil.
Further, the compound microbial agent consists of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepacia, lactobacillus plantarum and streptococcus gracilis.
Further, the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus megaterium to the bacillus licheniformis to the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the pseudomonas cepacia to the lactobacillus plantarum to the streptococcus gracilis is 1: (0.5-0.8) to 2:1:3:1.5:0.1-0.4.
Further, the preparation method of the modified coal gangue comprises the following steps: pulverizing coal gangue, calcining at 300-450deg.C for 8-12min, heating to 600-750deg.C, and calcining for 3-5min.
The invention also provides a processing method of the multisource coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing raw materials according to mass, and air-drying desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, furfural residue and modified coal gangue until the water content is 0-10%;
respectively crushing and sieving the air-dried desulfurized gypsum and furfural residues;
mixing powdered desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, furfural residue and modified coal gangue, stirring for 5-13min at a rotating speed of 300-430rpm, adding a composite microbial agent, and stirring for 2-6min at a temperature of 30-35 ℃ and a rotating speed of 1400-1600rpm to obtain the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner.
Further, in the second step, the grinding is carried out until the particle size is 0.5-2mm.
The invention also provides application of the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalization soil conditioner in conditioning alkaline soil, wherein the application amount of the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalization soil conditioner is 1.2-2.5 tons/mu.
The application method of the alkalized soil conditioner comprises the steps of mixing the alkalized soil conditioner with an organic fertilizer before planting and leveling the soil, then broadcasting the mixture on the surface of the soil, turning the mixture by a large rotary cultivator, uniformly mixing all materials with the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm, and irrigating to achieve the aim of alkali reduction and desalination.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalization soil conditioner prepared by the invention can obviously reduce the pH and alkalization degree of soil, improve the soil structure, increase the soil fertility and provide good soil conditions for crop growth.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the invention, but rather as more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In addition, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the ranges is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the invention described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification of the present invention. The specification and examples are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean an inclusion, but not limited to.
The "parts" in the present invention are all parts by mass unless otherwise specified.
The raw materials used in the following examples of the present invention are all commercially available.
The multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 38-45% of desulfurized gypsum, 25-30% of fly ash, 18-25% of furfural residue, 0.5-3% of composite microbial agent and the balance of modified coal gangue.
The desulfurization gypsum in the alkalized soil conditioner is mainly a byproduct of a wet desulfurization process of a coal-fired power plant. The main component is the same as natural gypsum, is calcium sulfate dihydrate, and the content is more than 85%. The desulfurized gypsum also contains various components such as silicon dioxide, sodium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfite, limestone, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and the like. Compared with other gypsum powder, the desulfurized gypsum powder has the characteristics of being renewable, small in granularity, stable in components, low in content of harmful impurities, high in purity and the like. The calcium ions in the desulfurized gypsum can be exchanged with the sodium ions in the alkalized soil colloid, the exchanged sodium ions flow away along with water after water irrigation, and the pH and the alkalization degree of the soil are reduced.
The fly ash in the alkalized soil conditioner is fine ash trapped from the flue gas after coal combustion, and is main solid waste discharged by coal-fired power plants. With the rapid development of industry, the emission of fly ash in coal-fired power plants is increased year by year, and if a large amount of fly ash is not treated, dust emission is generated to pollute the environment. In order to better protect the environment, the resource utilization of the fly ash is a main way and development trend. The fly ash mainly comprises porous particles, and after the fly ash is applied to the alkalized soil, the porosity can be increased, the volume weight can be reduced, and the alkaline spots on the surface of the soil can be effectively prevented. The porous fly ash has certain adsorptivity and certain water-retaining function. Meanwhile, the fly ash contains various element components, and some elements are beneficial to improving the validity of phosphorus in soil, increasing the contents of microelements such as iron, manganese, zinc, boron, copper and the like in soil and promoting the growth and development of crops.
The furfural residue in the alkalized soil conditioner is biomass waste generated by hydrolyzing pentose components in biomass substances such as corncobs, cornstalks, rice hulls, cotton seed hulls and agricultural and sideline product processing offcuts to produce furfural. The furfural residue is acidic, can neutralize base ions in soil, and reduces the pH value and the alkalization degree of the soil after irrigation. Meanwhile, the furfural residue as biomass waste contains a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the particles are loose, and the volume weight of soil can be reduced by applying the furfural residue into cracking alkaline earth. In addition, the organic matter content of the furfural residue can reach more than 76%, and the furfural residue has the functions of reducing the volume weight of soil and increasing the fertilizer of the soil.
In some preferred embodiments, the composite microbial agent consists of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepacia, lactobacillus plantarum and streptococcus gracilis in a mass ratio of 1: (0.5-0.8) to 2:1:3:1.5 to (0.1-0.4). Preferably 1:0.6:2:1:3:1.5:0.3. According to the invention, the dosage relation of each microbial inoculum is reasonably controlled, and the microbial inoculum complements each other, so that the soil restoration capability of the biological microbial inoculum is effectively compounded.
In some preferred embodiments, the preparation method of the modified coal gangue comprises the following steps: pulverizing coal gangue, calcining at 300-450deg.C for 8-12min, heating to 600-750deg.C, and calcining for 3-5min. The coal gangue is crushed to open the film on the outer layer, so that the specific surface area and the porosity of the film are improved, and then the carbon volume of the coal gangue is expanded and micropores are increased in a low-temperature and high-temperature treatment mode. When the composite microbial agent meets microporous coal gangue, the load of the microbial agent can be increased, so that the microbial agent is effectively carried into soil, the contact probability of the microbial agent and the soil is improved, and the repairing capability is improved.
The invention also provides a processing method of the multisource coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing raw materials according to mass, and air-drying desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, furfural residue and modified coal gangue until the water content is 0-10%;
respectively crushing and sieving the air-dried desulfurized gypsum and furfural residues;
mixing powdered desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, furfural residue and modified coal gangue, stirring for 5-13min at a rotating speed of 300-430rpm, adding a composite microbial agent, and stirring for 2-6min at a temperature of 30-35 ℃ and a rotating speed of 1400-1600rpm to obtain the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner.
In some preferred embodiments, the comminuting in step two is to a particle size of 0.5-2mm.
The invention also provides application of the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalization soil conditioner in conditioning alkaline soil, wherein the application amount of the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalization soil conditioner is 1.2-2.5 tons/mu.
The application method of the alkalized soil conditioner comprises the steps of mixing the alkalized soil conditioner with an organic fertilizer before planting and leveling the soil, then broadcasting the mixture on the surface of the soil, turning the mixture by a large rotary cultivator, uniformly mixing all materials with the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm, and irrigating to achieve the aim of alkali reduction and desalination.
When the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalization soil conditioner prepared by the invention is used, the application amount can be adjusted according to the soil alkalization degree and the pH. The method comprises the following steps:
according to the classification of the alkaline soil by Chinese saline soil, when the alkaline degree of the soil surface layer is less than 30% and the pH value is more than or equal to 9.5, the application amount is 2.0-2.5 tons/mu; when the soil surface layer alkalization degree is more than or equal to 10% and less than 20%, the pH value is more than or equal to 8.5 and less than 9.5, the application amount is 1.5-2.0 tons/mu; when the soil surface layer alkalization degree is less than 10% and the pH is less than 8.5, the application amount is 1.2-1.5 tons/mu.
The following examples serve as further illustrations of the technical solutions of the invention.
The specific preparation method of the modified coal gangue in the following examples comprises the following steps: the gangue was crushed to 1.2mm, then calcined at 400 ℃ for 10min, and calcined for 3min after heating to 680 ℃ at a rate of 5 ℃/min.
Example 1
A multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 43% of desulfurized gypsum, 25% of fly ash, 20% of furfural residue, 2% of composite microbial agent (wherein the mass ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepaciens, lactobacillus plantarum and streptococcus grayish is 1:0.6:2:1:3:1.5:0.3) and the balance of modified coal gangue.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing raw materials according to the mass, and air-drying desulfurized gypsum, fly ash (class II fly ash), furfural residue and modified coal gangue until the water content is 8%;
respectively crushing and sieving the air-dried desulfurized gypsum and furfural residues to a particle size of 1.5mm;
mixing powdered desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, furfural residue and modified coal gangue, stirring for 8min at 380rpm, adding a composite microbial agent, and stirring for 4min at 35 ℃ and 1500rpm to obtain the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner.
Example 2
A multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 38% of desulfurized gypsum, 27% of fly ash, 23% of furfural residue, 0.5% of composite microbial agent (wherein the mass ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepaciens, lactobacillus plantarum and gray streptococcus is 1:0.6:2:1:3:1.5:0.3) and the balance of modified coal gangue.
The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
A multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 42% of desulfurized gypsum, 26% of fly ash, 20% of furfural residue, 2.5% of composite microbial inoculant (wherein the mass ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepacia, lactobacillus plantarum and gray streptococcus is 1:0.6:2:1:3:1.5:0.3) and the balance of modified coal gangue.
The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Example 4
A multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% of desulfurized gypsum, 25% of fly ash, 24% of furfural residue, 3% of composite microbial agent (wherein the mass ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepaciens, lactobacillus plantarum and streptococcus grayish is 1:0.6:2:1:3:1.5:0.3) and the balance of modified coal gangue.
The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Example 5
A multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 41% of desulfurized gypsum, 26% of fly ash, 24% of furfural residue, 1% of composite microbial agent (wherein the mass ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepaciens, lactobacillus plantarum and streptococcus grayish is 1:0.6:2:1:3:1.5:0.3) and the balance of modified coal gangue.
The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Example 6
A multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 38% of desulfurized gypsum, 25% of fly ash, 25% of furfural residue, 1.5% of composite microbial agent (wherein the mass ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepaciens, lactobacillus plantarum and gray streptococcus is 1:0.6:2:1:3:1.5:0.3) and the balance of modified coal gangue.
The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Example 7
The difference from example 1 is that the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepaciens, lactobacillus plantarum and Streptococcus gracillus is 1:0.5:2:1:3:1.5:0.1.
Comparative example 1
The same as in example 1 was conducted except that the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepacia, lactobacillus plantarum and Streptococcus gracilis was adjusted to 1:1:1:1:1:1.
Comparative example 2
The difference with example 1 is that the compound microbial agent is prepared by compounding bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepacia, lactobacillus plantarum, streptococcus gracilis and bacillus pumilus according to the mass ratio of 1:0.6:2:1:3:1.5:0.3:1.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the modified gangue was replaced with attapulgite.
Comparative example 4
The difference with the embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalization soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing raw materials according to the mass, and air-drying desulfurized gypsum, fly ash (class II fly ash), furfural residue and modified coal gangue until the water content is 8%;
respectively crushing and sieving the air-dried desulfurized gypsum and furfural residues to a particle size of 1.5mm;
and thirdly, mixing powdery desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, furfural residue and modified coal gangue, then mixing with a composite microbial agent, and stirring at room temperature for 10min at the speed of 800rpm to prepare the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner.
Application example 1
The application method of the alkalizing soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) The application period is as follows: autumn of the previous year of planting.
(2) The application method comprises the following steps: after the soil is leveled, the alkaline soil conditioner and the organic fertilizer are mixed and then spread on the soil surface, all materials are uniformly mixed with the soil with the thickness of 0cm to 20cm by using a large rotary cultivator, the purpose of alkali reduction and desalination is achieved by irrigation, the period of the early stage of irrigation is 2 weeks, and the water filling amount is 100m each time 3 2 months later, 1 time of water is filled in each month, and the water filling amount is 100m each time 3 Per mu, after 12 months the test ended.
The alkaline soil conditioner prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was applied to the soil as described above, so as not to be addedThe plots of the alkaline soil conditioner are control groups (the organic fertilizer is normally applied, the dosage of the organic fertilizer is the same as that of the example groups and the comparative example groups, special explanation is needed, the organic fertilizer does not influence the effect of the alkaline soil conditioner, therefore, the fertilizer dosage is not limited, the experiments of each group are the same), 3 repeated plots are set in each experiment group, and the average value is recorded. The application amount of the conditioner for the alkalized soil is 2 tons/mu, and the soil is severe alkalized soil (soil surface alkalization degree=28.3%, pH=9.8 and volume weight=1.62 g/cm) 3 Salt content=3.5%o), and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Degree of basification/% | Salt content/mill | Bulk density (g/cm) 3 ) | Porosity/% | pH | |
| Control group | 25.36 | 3.15 | 1.52 | 40.32 | 9.4 |
| Example 1 | 11.34 | 1.21 | 1.29 | 52.89 | 8.28 |
| Example 2 | 13.57 | 1.34 | 1.32 | 52.32 | 8.38 |
| Example 3 | 13.41 | 1.37 | 1.39 | 50.64 | 8.35 |
| Example 4 | 14.02 | 1.40 | 1.40 | 49.00 | 8.42 |
| Example 5 | 12.67 | 1.32 | 1.34 | 51.21 | 8.32 |
| Example 6 | 11.87 | 1.35 | 1.27 | 52.07 | 8.29 |
| Example 7 | 11.56 | 1.23 | 1.30 | 52.55 | 8.30 |
| Comparative example 1 | 17.07 | 1.68 | 1.48 | 46.03 | 8.68 |
| Comparative example 2 | 13.09 | 1.41 | 1.33 | 49.45 | 8.31 |
| Comparative example 3 | 16.78 | 2.04 | 1.44 | 47.01 | 8.65 |
| Comparative example 4 | 13.32 | 1.55 | 1.43 | 47.34 | 8.42 |
As can be seen from table 1, the alkaline soil conditioner prepared in the examples of the present invention has reduced salt content, reduced volume weight, increased porosity and reduced pH, while the alkaline soil conditioner prepared in comparative examples 1 and 3 has improved effect compared to the control group.
Application example 2
The method for examining different saline-alkali soil types is the same as that of application example 1, except that the soil conditioner prepared in example 1 is used in moderately alkaline soil (soil surface layer alkalization degree=18%, ph=9.18, salt content=2.1 mill, volume weight=1.51), the application amount is unchanged, and the result is shown in table 2.
Table 2 (please adjust the corresponding data in the text according to the modified data)
| Degree of basification/% | Salt content/mill | Bulk density (g/cm) 3 ) | Porosity/% | pH | |
| Control group | 15.89 | 1.58 | 1.43 | 43.57 | 8.78 |
| Example 1 | 8.59 | 0.95 | 1.34 | 56.81 | 8.28 |
As can be seen from table 2, the effect of the alkaline soil conditioner prepared in example 1 on conditioning slightly alkaline soil is weaker than that on conditioning severely alkaline soil, and specifically, the alkalization degree of example 1 is reduced by 46% compared with that of the control group, while the alkalization degree of example 1 is reduced by 55% compared with that of the control group in application example 1; the salt content of example 1 was reduced by 40% compared with the control group, while the salt content of example 1 in application example 1 was reduced by 61% compared with the control group; example 1 had a 6% lower volume weight than the control group, while example 1 of application example 1 had a 15% lower volume weight than the control group; example 1 had 23% increase in porosity over the control, whereas example 1 of application example 1 had 24% increase in porosity over the control; the pH of example 1 was reduced by 6% compared to the control, whereas the pH of example 1 in application example 1 was reduced by 12% compared to the control. Thus, soil conditioners composed of different content raw materials need to be aimed at soil with different alkalization degrees.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily conceivable by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 38-45% of desulfurized gypsum, 25-30% of fly ash, 18-25% of furfural residue, 0.5-3% of composite microbial agent and the balance of modified coal gangue.
2. The multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the composite microbial agent is composed of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepacia, lactobacillus plantarum and streptococcus graticum.
3. The multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalization soil conditioner according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas cepacia, lactobacillus plantarum and streptococcus grayish is 1: (0.5-0.8) to 2:1:3:1.5: (0.1-0.4).
4. The multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified coal gangue is as follows: pulverizing coal gangue, calcining at 300-450deg.C for 8-12min, heating to 600-750deg.C, and calcining for 3-5min.
5. A method for processing the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
firstly, weighing raw materials according to mass, and air-drying desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, furfural residue and modified coal gangue until the water content is 0-10%;
respectively crushing and sieving the air-dried desulfurized gypsum and furfural residues;
mixing powdered desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, furfural residue and modified coal gangue, stirring for 5-13min at a rotating speed of 300-430rpm, adding a composite microbial agent, and stirring for 2-6min at a temperature of 30-35 ℃ and a rotating speed of 1400-1600rpm to obtain the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkalized soil conditioner.
6. Use of the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkaline soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for conditioning alkaline soil, wherein the multi-source coal-based solid waste alkaline soil conditioner is applied at an amount of 1.2 to 2.5 tons/mu.
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| CN117417752A (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-01-19 | 江苏莘野生物科技有限公司 | Sustainable soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil remediation |
| CN117417752B (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-06-11 | 江苏莘野生物科技有限公司 | Sustainable soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil remediation |
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