CN116441223A - High-pressure mud removing device and method for central area of shield normal-pressure cutterhead - Google Patents
High-pressure mud removing device and method for central area of shield normal-pressure cutterhead Download PDFInfo
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- CN116441223A CN116441223A CN202310408544.0A CN202310408544A CN116441223A CN 116441223 A CN116441223 A CN 116441223A CN 202310408544 A CN202310408544 A CN 202310408544A CN 116441223 A CN116441223 A CN 116441223A
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- mud
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
Abstract
The application discloses a shield constructs atmospheric pressure blade disc central zone high pressure mud removal device and method, aims at solving the current technical problem that the pressure advances storehouse to remove mud safety risk big and inefficiency. The device adopts the fixed cylinder matched with the cutter cylinder fixing seat of the normal pressure cutter head, so that the mud removing device can utilize the cutter cylinder fixing seat to realize the normal pressure installation mud removing, the problems that the pressure feeding of the device consumes a large amount of time and seriously affects the shield construction efficiency are avoided, a large amount of working hours can be saved, and the flexibility of mud removing operation is improved; and adopt rotatory nozzle make high pressure desilting can act on rotatory nozzle's circumference within range, very big expansion desilting operation scope, rotatory nozzle end water jet in different positions department can realize the desilting operation of different thickness and mud junction scope, has improved the suitability of device to deal with various mud junction circumstances.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of shield equipment, in particular to a high-pressure mud removing device and method for a central area of a shield normal-pressure cutterhead.
Background
The shield method is a common method for constructing urban subways and various tunnels at present, and the working principle is that a shield machine excavates soil body by a cutting device in front of an excavation face and simultaneously transports the soil body out of a tunnel by a soil outlet machine, at the moment, a prefabricated concrete pipe sheet is assembled behind the shield machine to form a tunnel structure, and the whole process is continuously and circularly propelled, so that the method is a high-efficiency mechanized construction method, is widely applied to tunnel construction of various soft soil strata and hard rock strata, and particularly can more highlight the advantages of the construction method in underground construction of urban areas and water.
The shield machine can be divided into a soil pressure balance shield and a slurry pressure balance shield according to the division of the stabilization system and the slag discharging system of the excavation surface. The slurry pressurized balance shield has a wider application range and can be widely applied to various geological strata from a soft sandy soil layer, a gravel layer to a soft rock stratum. The slurry balance shield is characterized in that a slurry bin (a cutter disc bin) is arranged at the forefront end of the slurry balance shield, a sealing partition plate is arranged behind the slurry bin, a slurry pressure chamber is formed between the slurry pressure chamber and the slurry bin, proper compressed air is filled into the slurry pressure chamber, partial particles of the slurry penetrate into a soil layer under the action of pressure, a layer of slurry film is formed on an excavation surface, and the stability of the excavation surface is improved through the action of pressurization. And then, continuously rotating the cutterhead to cut soil on the excavated surface and pushing the cutterhead forward, continuously stirring the mixture of muddy water and the soil cut by the cutterhead by using a stirring device, conveying the mixture to mud water treatment equipment arranged on the ground through a mud pump and a mud pipe for separation treatment after stirring the mixture into high-density muddy water, and conveying the separated muddy water to a muddy water pressure bin again after quality adjustment, so that a cycle is formed, and continuously conveying the dregs cut by the cutterhead to the ground.
However, when the large-diameter slurry balance shield passes through the clay layer, the silty sandstone and other complex stratum, a difficult problem is often faced: the cutterhead forms mud cakes. The cutter disc mud cake is that fine particles and fragments cut by the shield cutter disc are gathered into semi-solid and solid soil blocks in a mud water bin again, and a large amount of soil blocks are adhered to the central area of the cutter disc. If a mud cake is formed in the central area of the cutterhead in the tunneling process, the abrasion degree of the cutterhead can be accelerated, the loads of the cutterhead and the cutterhead are increased, the problems that the shield tunneling is difficult to forward, the shield tunneling speed is reduced and the like can be caused, and the construction progress of engineering is seriously affected.
The inventor knows a shield tunneling belt pressure entering bin operation process (CN 110700845B) which discloses a mud removing mode of carrying out mud cake cleaning operation by the belt pressure entering bin, but the inventor finds that the above technology at least has the following technical problems in the process of realizing the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application: the pressurized feeding bin has extremely high requirements on the sealing effect of the face and professional literacy of operators, the operators are required to press in the personnel bin before feeding the bin, the bin gate is opened to enter the working bin for mud removal operation after the pressurization is completed, and the operators are returned to the personnel bin for oxygen inhalation, decompression and discharging after the preset pressing working time is reached. The process has the advantages of extremely high safety risk, limited effective operation time, long time consumption for pressurization, warehouse entry and depressurization and warehouse exit, and serious influence on shield tunneling efficiency and construction period.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the disclosure and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is well known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a high-pressure mud removing device and method for a central area of a shield normal-pressure cutterhead, which aims to solve the technical problems of high safety risk and low efficiency of existing pressure in-bin mud removing.
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a high-pressure mud removing device for a central area of a shield normal pressure cutterhead is provided, the normal pressure cutterhead comprises a plurality of cutter cylinder fixing seats, a fixed cylinder matched with each cutter cylinder fixing seat of the shield normal pressure cutterhead, a rotary spray head and a transmission sleeve, wherein the rotary spray head and the transmission sleeve are coaxially arranged with the fixed cylinder and pass through the fixed cylinder, and a water inlet pipe passes through the transmission sleeve and is correspondingly connected with a water inlet of the rotary spray head;
the rotary spray head is in clamping transmission with the transmission sleeve, one end of the fixed cylinder is correspondingly connected with the rotary spray head bearing, the corresponding end head of the rotary spray head is arranged outside the fixed cylinder, the distance from the rotary spray head to the fixed cylinder is consistent with the height of a cutter corresponding to the fixed cylinder fixing seat, the rotary spray head outside the fixed cylinder is respectively provided with corresponding water spraying ports at different height positions, and each water spraying port is correspondingly provided with a one-way valve for water outlet.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the end of the fixed cylinder corresponding to the side of the transmission sleeve is disposed on a flange plate for corresponding connection with the knife cylinder fixing seat.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the ends of the rotary spray head, which are correspondingly connected with the transmission sleeve, are respectively provided with mutually meshed latches.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the position corresponding to the inner wall of the end of the fixed cylinder corresponding to the rotary nozzle is provided with a shoulder for clamping the bearing, and the end cover of the bearing is limited by the position corresponding to the end of the fixed cylinder corresponding to the rotary nozzle.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the bearings are respectively sleeved at the corresponding positions of the rotary spray heads and at least two bearings are arranged, and a distance limiting ring which is matched with the outer diameter of the bearing and has a certain width is arranged between every two adjacent bearings.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the end cover is sleeved outside the rotary spray head, and a plurality of sealing rings are embedded at the contact surface of the end cover and the rotary spray head.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the corresponding end of the transmission sleeve extends outside the fixed cylinder, and a poking tooth is provided at the end for facilitating screwing of the transmission sleeve.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the drive sleeve is externally sleeved with a chuck for corresponding securement at the fixed barrel head.
According to another aspect of the disclosure, a high-pressure mud removing method for a central area of a shield normal-pressure cutterhead is provided, the method is implemented based on the mud removing device, and a gate valve for normal-pressure tool changing is arranged at the front end of each cutter cylinder fixing seat corresponding to the cutterhead, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Judging the mud-forming condition of the cutter disc according to the change of the extrusion force of the cutter disc in the shield construction process and the thickness of the cementing mudstone at the front end of the cutter after the spot inspection of the central area of the cutter disc;
(2) Disassembling a cutter corresponding to the cutter disc mud forming area, taking the cutter out of the cutter cylinder fixing seat, and closing a gate valve at the front end of the cutter cylinder fixing seat;
(3) A pushing oil cylinder is correspondingly arranged behind the fixed cylinder, the fixed cylinder is correspondingly filled into a cutter cylinder fixing seat corresponding to the center of the mud forming area, and according to the position of the gate valve and the lengths of the fixed cylinder and the rotary spray head, the rotary spray head is prevented from impacting the gate valve;
(4) According to the pushing distance of the pushing oil cylinder, stopping pushing of the pushing oil cylinder when the distance between the rotary spray head and the gate valve is 10-30 mm, opening the gate valve after high-pressure water matched with the pressure of the face is introduced between the gate valve and the fixed cylinder, and continuing pushing of the pushing oil cylinder until the corresponding end part of the fixed cylinder is attached to the knife cylinder fixing seat;
(5) According to the mud-forming degree and range of the cutter disc, selecting a water jet of the rotary spray head, and connecting a water inlet pipe at a position corresponding to a water inlet of the rotary spray head, wherein the other end of the water inlet pipe is correspondingly connected with a high-pressure water pump;
(6) Manually screwing the transmission sleeve, driving the rotary spray head to rotate, and flushing and cleaning mud in different areas;
(7) After cleaning, the connection between the fixed cylinder and the knife cylinder fixing seat is disconnected, the pushing oil cylinder is correspondingly connected with the fixed cylinder, after the pushing oil cylinder is recovered to pull the fixed cylinder out of the gate valve by 10-30 mm, the gate valve is closed, clean water is introduced between the gate valve and the fixed cylinder for flushing until no impurity exists, the pushing oil cylinder is continuously recovered until the fixed cylinder is completely pulled out, and an original knife is correspondingly arranged at the knife cylinder fixing seat, so that the mud-binding cleaning operation is completed.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, in the step (6), when the transmission sleeve is screwed, the high-pressure water inlet pipe needs to be relatively fixed, so that the high-pressure water inlet pipe is prevented from rotating relative to the fixed cylinder.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application at least have any one of the following technical effects or advantages:
1. because the fixed cylinder matched with the normal pressure cutterhead and the fixed cylinder fixed seat is adopted, the mud removing device can utilize the fixed seat of the cutterhead and realize the normal pressure installation mud removing, thereby avoiding the problems that the pressure feeding consumes a lot of time and seriously affects the shield construction efficiency, saving a lot of working hours and improving the flexibility of mud removing operation.
2. Due to the adoption of the rotary spray head, high-pressure mud removal can be applied to the circumferential range of the rotary spray head, the mud removal operation range is greatly expanded, and the mud removal operation with different thickness and mud formation range can be realized by water spraying ports at different positions of the end head of the rotary spray head, so that the applicability of the device is improved, and various mud formation conditions can be dealt with.
3. Because the end head of the rotary spray head is clamped with the transmission sleeve, on one hand, the water inlet of the rotary spray head can be relatively fixed through the transmission sleeve, so that the water inlet pipe is conveniently arranged; on the other hand, the rotary spray head can be driven to rotate conveniently and rapidly through the stirring teeth at the tail part of the transmission sleeve, so that the use convenience of the device is improved.
4. Because the sealing ring is embedded between the end cover at the rotary nozzle end side of the fixed cylinder and the rotary nozzle, the leakage of the high pressure of the face from the gap between the end cover and the rotary nozzle can be effectively prevented, and the sealing performance of the device is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure sludge removal device according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high pressure mud-removal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the high-pressure sludge removing device according to an embodiment of the present application except for the fixed cylinder.
In the above figures, 1 is a fixed cylinder, 11 is a flange, 12 is a bearing, 13 is a shoulder, 14 is an end cover, 15 is a distance limiting ring, 16 is a sealing ring, 17 is a chuck, 2 is a rotary spray head, 3 is a transmission sleeve, and 4 is a water inlet pipe.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," etc. indicate or refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application. Reference to "connected" and "coupled" in this application includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings), unless specifically stated otherwise.
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed description will refer to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The embodiment discloses a shield normal pressure cutterhead central area high pressure mud removing device, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a fixed cylinder 1, a rotary spray head 2, a transmission sleeve 3 and a water inlet pipe 4.
In order to realize the mud removing operation under the normal pressure environment, the huge time consumption caused by the pressure feeding and the serious influence on the shield construction period are avoided, in the embodiment, the fixed cylinder 1 is matched with the cutter cylinder fixing seat of the normal pressure cutter head, so that the mud removing device can be tightly arranged in the cutter cylinder fixing seat through the fixed cylinder 1, the rotary spray head 2 is extended out of the cutter head by utilizing the cutter cylinder position of the cutter head, and mud is washed under high pressure, so that the mud removing purpose is achieved. Therefore, the size and the outline of the fixed cylinder 1 in the embodiment are consistent with those of the normal pressure knife cylinder, so that the mud removing device can be completely adapted to the knife cylinder fixing seat and is tightly and reliably arranged in the knife cylinder fixing seat. In this example, the fixed cylinder 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and is used for penetrating the rotary sprayer 2 connected with a high-pressure water source, and further, by rotating the rotary sprayer 2, the sludge removal in the circumferential area by taking the rotary sprayer 2 as the center of a circle is realized. In addition, because the face outside the cutterhead has larger pressure, in order to avoid the fixed cylinder 1 from being extruded from the cutter cylinder fixing seat under pressure, the position deviation can not be installed in place, see fig. 1, a flange plate 11 is arranged at the end of the fixed cylinder 1, the flange plate 11 corresponds to a bolt hole at the end of the cutter cylinder fixing seat, the fixed cylinder 1 and the cutter cylinder fixing seat are firmly connected through bolts penetrating through the flange plate 11, the fixed cylinder 1 can be installed in place, and the effectiveness of mud removing operation is further ensured.
In order to facilitate smooth rotation of the rotary joint 2 in the fixed barrel 1, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the rotary joint 2 is connected with the fixed barrel 1 by using a bearing 12, an outer ring of the bearing 12 is attached to an inner wall at an end of the fixed barrel 1, and an inner ring of the bearing 12 is fixed to an outer wall of the rotary joint 2, so that smoothness of rotation of the rotary joint 2 is ensured by relative sliding between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 12. Considering that the position of the rotary joint 2 cannot be fixed relative to the fixed cylinder 1 only by embedding the bearing at the corresponding position of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 1, in this embodiment, a shoulder 13 is arranged at the corresponding position of the inner wall of the end of the fixed cylinder 1, the shoulder 13 is in a ring structure, protrudes out of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 1 for a certain length, and has an edge diameter larger than the diameter of the rotary joint 2, so that the rotary joint 2 can pass through the shoulder 13, and the limit effect on one side of the bearing 12 is realized, but the bearing has the risk of moving to the other side, so that an end cover 14 is arranged at the end of the fixed cylinder 1 to realize the blocking of the corresponding end of the fixed cylinder 1, further realize the limit effect on the bearing 12, limit the bearing 12 between the end cover 14 and the shoulder 13, ensure the smooth rotation of the rotary joint 2, and avoid the displacement caused by the pressure of the face. Correspondingly, in order to fix the end cover 14, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the end of the fixed cylinder 1, and a plurality of through holes are correspondingly formed in the end cover 14 for penetrating bolts, so that the end cover 14 and the fixed cylinder 1 are relatively fixed.
Considering that the rotary joint 2 and the fixed cylinder 1 are limited and fixed only by the bearing 12, the rotary joint 2 is very easy to deviate from the axis when rotating, and abrasion is caused, therefore, in the embodiment, two bearings 12 are arranged outside the rotary joint 2, see fig. 2, a distance limiting ring 15 is arranged between the two bearings 12, two side end faces of the distance limiting ring 15 are respectively attached to the two bearings 12, the outer diameter of the distance limiting ring 15 is the same as the outer diameter of the bearing 12, the distance limiting ring 15 has a certain width so as to be arranged between the two bearings 12, the distance between the two bearings 12 is increased, the end head of the fixed cylinder 1 can limit the rotary joint 2 with a longer distance, the stress length is increased, the rotation of the rotary joint 2 is more stable, and deviation from the axis is avoided. In other embodiments, no less than two bearings are provided, and distance limiting rings are respectively provided between adjacent bearings, thereby ensuring axial rotation of the rotary joint 2.
In addition, because the end cover 14 needs to be sleeved outside the rotary joint 2, a certain gap exists between the end cover 14 and the outer side wall of the rotary joint 2 in consideration of assembly requirements, but when the mud removing device works, the face outside the cutterhead has larger pressure, and the pressure can be released through the gap between the rotary joint 2 and the end cover 14, so that the pressure of the face is relieved on one hand, and the face is unstable; on the other hand, the pressure will cause a certain impact to each structure of the mud removing device and affect the service life of the device, for this reason, in this embodiment, a sealing ring 16 is embedded in the contact surface where the end cover 14 contacts with the rotary joint 2, and the sealing ring 16 is used to densify the gap between the end cover 14 and the rotary joint 2, so as to ensure the air tightness of the mud removing device. In order to ensure the air tightness between the end cap 14 and the fixed cylinder 1, in this embodiment, a seal ring is also provided between the end cap 14 and the fixed cylinder 1, thereby further enhancing the tightness of the device.
Referring to fig. 1-2, considering that the mud removing device needs to be fixed in a cutter barrel fixing seat of the cutter head when being installed, in order to clean mud formed outside the cutter head, the rotary sprayer 2 needs to extend out of the fixing barrel 1 for a certain length; and in order to realize normal pressure mud cleaning, the gate valve in front of the knife cylinder fixing seat needs to be used for realizing pressure isolation, and in order to avoid the situation that the rotary spray head 2 stretches out of the fixed cylinder for too long to cause interference between the gate valves, in the example, the distance between the end of the rotary joint 2 and the fixed cylinder 1 is consistent with the height of a cutter corresponding to the knife cylinder fixing seat, thereby preventing the rotary spray head 2 from interfering with the gate valve in the knife cylinder fixing seat, causing the fixed cylinder 1 to be incapable of being installed in place, or the rotary joint 2 extrudes the gate valve after being violently installed in place, causing the deformation of the gate valve to influence the normal opening and closing of the gate valve.
In addition, referring to fig. 1, the part of the rotary spray head 2 outside the fixed cylinder 1 is provided with water spray ports 21 at different positions from the end of the fixed cylinder 1, in this example, three water spray ports 21 are provided, each water spray port 21 is respectively 115mm, 195mm and 275mm away from the end of the fixed cylinder 1, and each water spray port 21 corresponds to each water inlet of the rotary joint 2 at the end of the fixed cylinder 1, so that different high-pressure flushing ranges are realized through the water spray ports 21 at different height positions, thereby enhancing the applicability of the mud removing device and being applicable to mud forming of different degrees. Considering that the face has a large pressure, mud water outside the cutterhead can flow backward from each water jet, for this purpose, in this embodiment, the check valves are respectively screwed at the water jets 21, thereby blocking the face pressure, only allowing high-pressure water to be ejected from the water jets 21, and preventing the backflow phenomenon.
Because the length of the rotary joint 2 is limited, the rotary joint cannot extend to the other end of the fixed cylinder 1, manual screwing is inconvenient, and the aim of cleaning operation in the circumferential range is fulfilled. For this reason, referring to fig. 2, a transmission sleeve 3 is coaxially arranged in the fixed cylinder 1 and the rotary joint 2, one end of the transmission sleeve 3 is clamped with the rotary joint 2, specifically referring to fig. 3, the ends of the rotary spray head 2 correspondingly connected with the transmission sleeve 3 are respectively provided with clamping teeth capable of being meshed with each other, and the rotary spray head 2 is meshed with the transmission sleeve 3 through the clamping teeth, so that when the transmission sleeve 3 is rotated, the rotary spray head 2 can be driven to rotate along with the rotation; the other end of the transmission sleeve 3 extends out of the fixed cylinder 1 so as to facilitate manual operation for screwing, in this example, a stirring tooth is arranged at the end of the transmission sleeve 3 outside the fixed cylinder 1, and corresponding operation tools are clamped by the stirring tooth so as to facilitate an operator to realize screwing of the transmission sleeve 3. In addition, considering that the transmission sleeve 3 has a certain length and its diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder 1, in order to make the transmission sleeve 3 and the fixed cylinder 1 coaxially arranged to realize stable driving of the rotary joint 2, in this example, referring to fig. 2, a chuck 17 is arranged at the end of the fixed cylinder 1, the chuck 17 is sleeved on the outer edge of the transmission sleeve 3 and is correspondingly and fixedly connected with the end of the fixed cylinder 1 through a bolt, thereby realizing supporting of the transmission sleeve 3 through the chuck 17, so that it is coaxially arranged with the rotary joint 2, and realizing good transmission.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the rotary joint 2 obtains a high-pressure water source through the water inlet pipe 4, the water inlet pipe 4 is a hard water pipe, one end of the water inlet pipe 4 is provided with external threads matched with water inlets of the rotary joint 2, the external threads are connected with the rotary joint 2 through threads, the rotary joint 2 is relatively fixed through the transmission sleeve 3 during installation, and then the corresponding water inlets are correspondingly screwed into the corresponding water inlet pipe 4, in this case, three water spraying ports 21 are arranged in total, so that the corresponding three water inlet pipes 4 are respectively connected with the water inlets corresponding to the water spraying ports. The other end of the water inlet pipe 4 extends out of the transmission sleeve 3 and is communicated with a high-pressure water pump, so that high-pressure water is pumped from a water jet of the rotary joint, and mud removal of the cutterhead is realized.
The embodiment also discloses a high-pressure mud removing method for the central area of the shield normal-pressure cutterhead, which is implemented based on the mud removing device and comprises the following steps:
(1) Judging the mud-forming condition of the cutter disc according to the change of the extrusion force of the cutter disc in the shield construction process and the thickness of the cementing mudstone at the front end of the cutter after the spot inspection of the central area of the cutter disc; and when the extrusion force of the cutter disc is increased or the front end of the cutter is found to be stuck to the mudstone to reach half of the height of the cutter by spot check in the central area of the cutter disc according to the shield construction data, performing mud removing operation on the cutter disc.
(2) And disassembling the cutter corresponding to the cutter disc mud forming area, taking the cutter out of the cutter cylinder fixing seat, and closing the gate valve at the front end of the cutter cylinder fixing seat. According to the judgment of the mud forming area, a cutter cylinder fixing seat corresponding to the cutter with the shortest distance between the center points of the mud forming area is selected for installing the mud removing device. And after the cutter is taken out of the cutter cylinder fixing seat, in order to avoid pressure relief instability of the face, the gate valve corresponding to the cutter cylinder fixing seat is closed, so that the cutter cylinder fixing seat is closed.
(3) And a pushing oil cylinder is correspondingly arranged behind the fixed cylinder, the fixed cylinder is correspondingly filled into a cutter cylinder fixing seat corresponding to the center of the mud forming area, and the rotary spray head is prevented from impacting the gate valve according to the gate valve position and the lengths of the fixed cylinder and the rotary spray head. Because the mud removing device has a certain weight, the mud removing device is pushed by the pushing oil cylinder to realize installation; in addition, because the fixed cylinder is in the closed state when the fixed cylinder is pushed initially, the rotary joint extending out of the end of the fixed cylinder is prevented from extruding and deforming the gate valve, so that the moving distance of the fixed cylinder is monitored through the scale in the pushing process of the pushing cylinder, the situation that the gate valve is touched by the rotary joint due to overlong pushing distance is avoided, and the gate valve is deformed is avoided.
(4) According to the pushing distance of the pushing oil cylinder, when the distance between the rotary spray head and the gate valve is 10-30 mm, stopping pushing of the pushing oil cylinder, opening the gate valve after high-pressure water matched with the pressure of the face is introduced between the gate valve and the fixed cylinder through a water inlet at the gate valve, continuing pushing of the pushing oil cylinder until the corresponding end part of the fixed cylinder is attached to the knife cylinder fixing seat, and connecting a flange at the end part of the fixed cylinder with the knife cylinder fixing seat by adopting bolts to fix the mud removing device.
(5) According to the mud-forming degree and range of the cutter disc, a water jet of the rotary spray head is selected, the farther the water jet is from the end head of the fixed barrel, the larger the corresponding flushing range is, a high-pressure water inlet pipe is connected at the water inlet corresponding to the rotary spray head, and the other end of the high-pressure water inlet pipe is correspondingly connected with a 400Bar valve high-pressure water pump.
(6) And the transmission sleeve is manually screwed to drive the rotary spray head to rotate, so that mud in different areas is washed and cleaned. In this case, when manual screw-driving sleeve, each inlet tube is fixed manually, avoids each inlet tube to lead to the inlet tube to tie a knot and twine along with driving sleeve's rotation.
(7) After cleaning, disconnecting the bolt connection between the fixed cylinder and the knife cylinder fixing seat, correspondingly connecting the pushing cylinder with the fixed cylinder, recovering the pushing cylinder to pull the fixed cylinder out of the gate valve by 10-30 mm, closing the gate valve, introducing clean water between the gate valve and the fixed cylinder for flushing until no impurity exists, continuously recovering the pushing cylinder until the fixed cylinder is completely pulled out, and correspondingly installing an original knife at the knife cylinder fixing seat to complete the mud-binding cleaning operation.
While certain preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention of the present application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present application is intended to cover such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. The high-pressure mud removing device for the central area of the shield normal-pressure cutterhead comprises a plurality of cutter cylinder fixing seats and is characterized by comprising a fixing cylinder matched with each cutter cylinder fixing seat of the shield normal-pressure cutterhead, a rotary spray head and a transmission sleeve which are coaxially arranged with the fixing cylinder and penetrate through the fixing cylinder, and a water inlet pipe which penetrates through the transmission sleeve and is correspondingly connected with a water inlet of the rotary spray head;
the rotary spray head is in clamping transmission with the transmission sleeve, one end of the fixed cylinder is correspondingly connected with the rotary spray head bearing, the corresponding end head of the rotary spray head is arranged outside the fixed cylinder, the distance from the rotary spray head to the fixed cylinder is consistent with the height of a cutter corresponding to the fixed cylinder fixing seat, the rotary spray head outside the fixed cylinder is respectively provided with corresponding water spraying ports at different height positions, and each water spraying port is correspondingly provided with a one-way valve for water outlet.
2. The high-pressure mud removing device for the central area of the shield normal-pressure cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein the end of the fixed cylinder corresponding to the side of the transmission sleeve is provided with a flange plate which is correspondingly connected with the fixed seat of the cutter cylinder.
3. The high-pressure mud removing device for the central area of the shield normal-pressure cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein mutually meshed clamping teeth are respectively arranged at the end heads of the rotary spray head, which are correspondingly connected with the transmission sleeve.
4. The high-pressure mud removing device for the central area of the shield normal-pressure cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein the position corresponding to the inner wall of the end head of the fixed cylinder corresponding to the rotary nozzle side is arranged on a shoulder for clamping the bearing, and the high-pressure mud removing device further comprises an end cover arranged at the end head of the fixed cylinder corresponding to the rotary nozzle side for limiting the bearing.
5. The high-pressure mud removing device for the central area of the shield normal-pressure cutterhead according to claim 4, wherein the bearings are respectively sleeved at the corresponding positions of the rotary spray heads and at least two bearings are arranged, and distance limiting rings which are matched with the outer diameters of the bearings and have a certain width are arranged between the adjacent bearings.
6. The high-pressure mud removing device for the central area of the shield normal-pressure cutterhead according to claim 4, wherein the end cover is sleeved outside the rotary nozzle, and a plurality of sealing rings are embedded at the contact surface of the end cover and the rotary nozzle.
7. The shield normal pressure cutterhead central area high pressure mud removing device according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding end of the transmission sleeve extends out of the fixed cylinder, and a poking tooth which is convenient for screwing the transmission sleeve is arranged at the end.
8. The high-pressure mud removing device for the central area of the shield normal-pressure cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein a chuck for being correspondingly fixed at the end of the fixed cylinder is sleeved outside the transmission sleeve.
9. The high-pressure desilting method for the central area of the shield normal-pressure cutterhead is implemented based on the desilting device of claim 1, and the front end of each cutter cylinder fixing seat corresponding to the cutterhead is provided with a gate valve for normal-pressure cutter changing, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Judging the mud-forming condition of the cutter disc according to the change of the extrusion force of the cutter disc in the shield construction process and the thickness of the cementing mudstone at the front end of the cutter after the spot inspection of the central area of the cutter disc;
(2) Disassembling a cutter corresponding to the cutter disc mud forming area, taking the cutter out of the cutter cylinder fixing seat, and closing a gate valve at the front end of the cutter cylinder fixing seat;
(3) A pushing oil cylinder is correspondingly arranged behind the fixed cylinder, the fixed cylinder is correspondingly filled into a cutter cylinder fixing seat corresponding to the center of the mud forming area, and according to the position of the gate valve and the lengths of the fixed cylinder and the rotary spray head, the rotary spray head is prevented from impacting the gate valve;
(4) According to the pushing distance of the pushing oil cylinder, stopping pushing of the pushing oil cylinder when the distance between the rotary spray head and the gate valve is 10-30 mm, opening the gate valve after high-pressure water matched with the pressure of the face is introduced between the gate valve and the fixed cylinder, and continuing pushing of the pushing oil cylinder until the corresponding end part of the fixed cylinder is attached to the knife cylinder fixing seat;
(5) According to the mud-forming degree and range of the cutter disc, selecting a water jet of the rotary spray head, and connecting a water inlet pipe at a position corresponding to a water inlet of the rotary spray head, wherein the other end of the water inlet pipe is correspondingly connected with a high-pressure water pump;
(6) Screwing the transmission sleeve, driving the rotary spray head to rotate, and flushing and cleaning mud in different areas;
(7) After cleaning, the connection between the fixed cylinder and the knife cylinder fixing seat is disconnected, the pushing oil cylinder is correspondingly connected with the fixed cylinder, after the pushing oil cylinder is recovered to pull the fixed cylinder out of the gate valve by 10-30 mm, the gate valve is closed, clean water is introduced between the gate valve and the fixed cylinder for flushing until no impurity exists, the pushing oil cylinder is continuously recovered until the fixed cylinder is completely pulled out, and an original knife is correspondingly arranged at the knife cylinder fixing seat, so that the mud-binding cleaning operation is completed.
10. The method of high pressure mud removal in the central area of a shield normal pressure cutterhead according to claim 9, wherein in the step (6), when the transmission sleeve is screwed, a high pressure water inlet pipe is required to be fixed relatively, and the high pressure water inlet pipe is prevented from rotating relative to the fixed cylinder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310408544.0A CN116441223A (en) | 2023-04-17 | 2023-04-17 | High-pressure mud removing device and method for central area of shield normal-pressure cutterhead |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310408544.0A CN116441223A (en) | 2023-04-17 | 2023-04-17 | High-pressure mud removing device and method for central area of shield normal-pressure cutterhead |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116441223A true CN116441223A (en) | 2023-07-18 |
Family
ID=87119782
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310408544.0A Pending CN116441223A (en) | 2023-04-17 | 2023-04-17 | High-pressure mud removing device and method for central area of shield normal-pressure cutterhead |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116441223A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-04-17 CN CN202310408544.0A patent/CN116441223A/en active Pending
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