CN116435670B - Electrochemical device and electric equipment - Google Patents

Electrochemical device and electric equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116435670B
CN116435670B CN202310685201.9A CN202310685201A CN116435670B CN 116435670 B CN116435670 B CN 116435670B CN 202310685201 A CN202310685201 A CN 202310685201A CN 116435670 B CN116435670 B CN 116435670B
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China
Prior art keywords
section
base
electrochemical device
tab
lug
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Active
Application number
CN202310685201.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN116435670A (en
Inventor
陈腾腾
闫宁
邓道林
陈文�
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
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Priority to CN202310685201.9A priority Critical patent/CN116435670B/en
Publication of CN116435670A publication Critical patent/CN116435670A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105Pouches or flexible bags
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/178Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for pouch or flexible bag cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183Sealing members
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses an electrochemical device and electric equipment, the electrochemical device includes: wrapping bag, electrode assembly, first utmost point ear and second utmost point ear, the wrapping bag includes main part and top seal portion, and the one end and the electrode assembly of first utmost point ear are connected, and the other end of first utmost point ear stretches out outside the wrapping bag from top seal portion, and top seal portion includes seal area, observes along the thickness direction of top seal portion, and seal area is including the first basal portion, first concave part and the second basal portion that connect gradually, and first basal portion and second basal portion are located the both sides of first utmost point ear respectively, and first concave part is sunken towards the direction of keeping away from the electrode assembly for first basal portion and second basal portion. The electrochemical device has higher hot box test passing rate, and further can improve the safety and reliability of the electrochemical device.

Description

Electrochemical device and electric equipment
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an electrochemical device and electric equipment.
Background
The current battery packaging forms are mainly divided into a hard shell and a soft package. In comparison with hard-shell batteries, soft-pack batteries can be customized in shape due to their thin packaging, which can bring benefits in energy density. As a hard test requirement for batteries, the batteries must be able to be stored in a hot box for a period of time without firing or exploding. Since the soft package battery is formed by packaging an outer shell with an organic substance such as polypropylene, the safety and reliability of the soft package battery have been attracting attention in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides an electrochemical device and an electric device, so as to improve the passing rate of the hot box test of the electrochemical device, and further improve the safety and reliability of the electrochemical device.
In a first aspect of the present application, there is provided an electrochemical device comprising: packaging bag, electrode assembly, first utmost point ear and second utmost point ear, the packaging bag includes main part and top seal portion, electrode assembly holds in main part, the one end and the electrode assembly of first utmost point ear are connected, the other end of first utmost point ear stretches out outside the packaging bag from top seal portion, top seal portion includes the seal district, observe along the thickness direction of top seal portion, the seal district is including the first basal portion, first concave part and the second basal portion that connect gradually, first basal portion and second basal portion are located the both sides of first utmost point ear respectively, first concave part is sunken for first basal portion and second basal portion towards the direction of keeping away from electrode assembly. According to the electrochemical device, the sealing area at the first lug in the top sealing part is set to be outwards concave, in the hot box testing process, along with expansion of the electrochemical device, the first concave part serves as a stress concentration point, the first lug is pulled, the pulled first lug acts on the first concave part reversely along the extending direction of the first lug, so that the sealing area at the first concave part can be promoted to be flushed away in time, the explosion risk of the electrochemical device is reduced, and the passing rate of the hot box testing of the electrochemical device is improved.
Optionally, the first recess includes: the first connecting section, the first top section and the third connecting section are respectively connected with the first base part and the first top section at two ends; the two ends of the third connecting section are respectively connected with the second base part and the first top section. In this way, the concentration of stress in the first concave portion when the electrochemical device is thermally expanded can be promoted, and the probability of the top seal portion being punched out can be improved.
Optionally, the connection point of the first connection section and the first base is located outside the first tab as viewed in the thickness direction of the top seal. Therefore, the connection point of one side edge of the first tab and the seal area is positioned in the recess, so that the top seal part can be conveniently opened when the electrochemical device is heated and expanded, and the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device is improved.
Optionally, the connection point of the first connection section and the first top section is located outside the first tab when viewed along the thickness direction of the top seal portion. Therefore, the connection point of one side edge of the first tab and the seal area is positioned at the first top section, so that the top seal part is favorably and further promoted to be opened when the electrochemical device is heated and expanded, and the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device is further improved.
Optionally, the connection point of the third connection section and the second base is located between the first tab and the second tab, as viewed in the thickness direction of the top seal. Therefore, the connection point of the other side edge of the first tab and the seal area is positioned in the recess, so that the top seal part can be conveniently opened when the electrochemical device is heated and expanded, and the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device is improved.
Optionally, the connection point of the third connection section and the first top section is located between the first tab and the second tab, as viewed in the thickness direction of the top seal. Therefore, the connection point of the other side edge of the first tab and the seal area is positioned at the first top section, so that the top seal part can be further promoted to be opened when the electrochemical device is heated and expanded, and the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device is improved.
Optionally, the angle α between the first connection section and the first base is 90 ° to 170 °. Optionally, the angle β between the third connecting section and the second base is 90 ° to 170 °. Further alternatively, α is 120 ° to 160 °. Further alternatively, β is 120 ° to 160 °. In this way, the concentration of stress in the first concave portion when the electrochemical device is thermally expanded can be promoted, and the probability of the top seal portion being punched out can be improved.
Optionally, the first top section satisfies: a is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 2A; wherein A is the width of the first tab, and a is the length of the first top section along the width direction of the first tab. Further alternatively, 0.5 A.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.1.5A; thus, the concentration of stress on the first top section when the electrochemical device is heated and expanded can be promoted, and the probability of punching out the top sealing part can be improved.
Optionally, the first top section satisfies: 0.2T1 h1 is less than or equal to 5T1; wherein T1 is the seal width of the first base along the width direction of the top seal part; h1 is the distance from the first top section to the first base along the width direction of the top seal. Further alternatively, 0.42T1.ltoreq.h1.ltoreq. 1.25T1; in this way, concentration of stress in the first concave portion when the electrochemical device is thermally expanded is promoted, the probability of the top seal portion being pushed open is improved, and the influence on the volumetric energy density of the electrochemical device is reduced.
Optionally, the seal strength between the first tab and the package bag is less than the seal strength of the first base. Therefore, the probability of punching the seal area at the first tab can be further improved, and the safety and reliability of the electrochemical device are improved.
Optionally, one end of the second lug is connected with the electrode assembly, and the other end of the second lug extends out of the packaging bag from the top sealing part; the seal area further comprises a second concave part and a third base part, and two ends of the second concave part are respectively connected with the second base part and the third base part; the second base part and the third base part are respectively positioned at two sides of the second lug as seen in the thickness direction of the top sealing part; the second recess is recessed with respect to the second base and the third base in a direction away from the electrode assembly. In this way, the sealing area at the second lug in the top sealing part is set to be outwards concave, in the hot box testing process, along with expansion of the electrochemical device, the second concave serves as a stress concentration point, the second lug is pulled, the pulled second lug acts on the second concave reversely along the extending direction of the second lug, so that the sealing area at the second concave can be promoted to be flushed away in time, the explosion risk of the electrochemical device is reduced, and the passing rate of the hot box testing of the electrochemical device is further improved.
Optionally, the second concave portion includes a second connection section, a second top section and a fourth connection section, and two ends of the second connection section are respectively connected with the second base and the second top section; and two ends of the fourth connecting section are respectively connected with the second top section and the third base. Thus, concentration of stress in the second concave portion when the electrochemical device is expanded by heating can be promoted, and the probability of the top seal portion being punched out can be improved.
Optionally, the connection point of the second connection section and the second base is located outside the second lug as viewed in the thickness direction of the top seal. Therefore, the connection point of one side edge of the second lug and the seal area is positioned in the recess, so that the top seal part can be conveniently opened when the electrochemical device is heated and expanded, and the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device is improved.
Optionally, the connection point of the second connection section and the second top section is located outside the second lug as viewed in the thickness direction of the top seal. Therefore, the connection point of one side edge of the second lug and the seal area is positioned at the second top section, so that the top seal part can be further promoted to be opened when the electrochemical device is heated and expanded, and the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device is further improved.
Optionally, the connection point of the fourth connection section and the third base is located outside the second lug as seen in the thickness direction of the top seal. Therefore, the connection point of the other side edge of the second lug and the seal area is positioned in the recess, so that the top seal part can be conveniently opened when the electrochemical device is heated and expanded, and the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device is improved.
Optionally, the connection point of the fourth connection section and the second top section is located outside the second lug as seen in the thickness direction of the top seal. Therefore, the connection point between the other side edge of the second lug and the seal area is positioned at the second top section, so that the top seal part can be further promoted to be flushed when the electrochemical device is heated and expanded, and the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device is further improved.
Optionally, the angle θ between the second connecting section and the second base is 90 ° to 170 °. Optionally, the angle γ between the fourth connecting section and the third base is 90 ° to 170 °. Further alternatively, θ is 120 ° to 160 °. Further alternatively, γ is 120 ° to 160 °. Thus, concentration of stress in the second concave portion when the electrochemical device is expanded by heating can be promoted, and the probability of the top seal portion being punched out can be improved.
Optionally, the seal strength between the second tab and the package is less than the seal strength of the second base. Therefore, the probability of punching out the seal area at the second lug can be further improved, and the safety and reliability of the electrochemical device are improved.
Optionally, the second top section satisfies: b is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 2B; wherein B is the width of the second lug, and B is the length of the second top section along the width direction of the second lug. Further alternatively, B is 0.5 B.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.1.5B; therefore, the concentration of stress on the second top section when the electrochemical device is heated and expanded can be promoted, and the probability of punching the top sealing part is improved.
Optionally, the second top section satisfies: 0.2T2 h2 is less than or equal to 5T2; t2 is the seal width of the second base along the width direction of the top seal part; h2 is the distance from the second top section to the second base along the width direction of the top seal. Further alternatively, 0.42T2.ltoreq.h2.ltoreq. 1.25T2; in this way, concentration of stress in the second concave portion when the electrochemical device is thermally expanded is promoted, the probability of the top seal portion being pushed open is improved, and the influence on the volumetric energy density of the electrochemical device is reduced.
Optionally, the package comprises an encapsulation layer, the material of the encapsulation layer comprising a polymer. In this way, the electrochemical device can be conveniently packaged.
Optionally, the packaging bag further comprises a metal layer and a protective layer, and the metal layer is located between the packaging layer and the protective layer.
Optionally, the material of the protective layer comprises a polymer.
In a second aspect of the application, there is provided an electrical consumer comprising an electrochemical device as described above. Thus, the electrochemical device in the electric equipment is not easy to explode, and has higher safety.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion O in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
In order that the application may be readily understood, a more particular description thereof will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an electrochemical device 100 is provided, and the electrochemical device 100 includes a package 1, an electrode assembly 2, a first tab 3, and a second tab 4. The electrode assembly 2 may be a wound electrode assembly or a laminated electrode assembly, and in particular, the wound electrode assembly may be formed by sequentially stacking and winding a positive electrode sheet, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet, and the laminated electrode assembly may be formed by alternately stacking a plurality of positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets with the separator interposed between adjacent positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets. One of the first tab 3 and the second tab 4 is electrically connected with the positive electrode tab of the electrode assembly 2, and the other of the first tab 3 and the second tab 4 is electrically connected with the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 2. Meanwhile, in order to prevent short circuit, the first tab 3 and the second tab 4 are spaced apart.
With the above-described package bag 1, the package bag 1 is generally processed from a film-like material, for example, the package bag 1 generally includes an encapsulation layer whose material includes a polymer, so that the electrochemical device 100 can be conveniently encapsulated. Optionally, the packaging bag 1 further includes a metal layer and a protective layer, where the metal layer is located between the packaging layer and the protective layer, so that the structural strength and the ability to isolate water vapor of the packaging bag 1 can be improved. Optionally, the material of the protective layer includes a polymer, so that corrosion of the metal layer can be prevented, improving reliability of the package 1. The package 1 includes a main body 11 and a top seal 12, and the main body 11 has a housing chamber 111, and the electrode assembly 2 is housed in the housing chamber 111. The top seal 12 is connected to an end of the main body 11 near the first tab 3, and the top seal 12 has an edge 112 distant from the electrode assembly 2. One end of the first tab 3 is connected to the electrode assembly 2, and the other end of the first tab 3 extends out of the package bag 1 from the top sealing portion 12.
For the top seal 12 described above, the top seal 12 includes a seal area 121, and the seal area 121 is used to seal the top seal 12. The direction shown in the X axis in fig. 1 is the longitudinal direction of the top seal 12, the direction shown in the Y axis is the width direction of the top seal, and the direction shown in the Z axis is the thickness direction of the top seal 12. Referring to fig. 3, the seal area 121 includes a first base 1211, a first recess 1212, and a second base 1213 connected in sequence, the first base 1211 being located at one side of the first tab 3, and the second base 1213 being located at the other side of the first tab 3, as viewed in the thickness direction Z of the top seal 12. The first concave portion 1212 is concave toward a direction away from the electrode assembly 2 with respect to the first base 1211 and the second base 1213. Compared with the sealing area 121 with a flat structure in the prior art, in the applied electrochemical device 100, the sealing area 121 at the first tab 3 in the top sealing portion 12 is set to be concave outwards, and in the hot box testing process, along with expansion of the electrochemical device 100, the first concave portion 1212 is used as a stress concentration point, the pulled first tab 3 is pulled, and the pulled first tab 3 acts on the first concave portion 1212 in the opposite direction along the extending direction, so that the sealing area 121 at the first concave portion 1212 can be promoted to be flushed away in time, the risk of explosion of the electrochemical device 100 is reduced, and the passing rate of the hot box testing of the electrochemical device 100 is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, first recess 1212 includes a first connecting section 12121, a first top section 12122, and a third connecting section 12123, with both ends of first connecting section 12121 being connected to first base 1211 and first top section 12122, respectively. Both ends of the third connecting section 12123 are connected to the second base 1213 and the first top section 12122, respectively. I.e. the first 12121 and the third 12123 connecting sections are each arranged obliquely with respect to the first 1211 and second 1213 base. In this way, concentration of stress in first concave portion 1212 when electrochemical device 100 expands due to heat can be promoted, and the probability of top seal 12 being pushed open can be improved. In some embodiments, the first top segment 12122 is disposed parallel to the first base 1211 and/or the second base 1213.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, as viewed along the thickness direction Z of the top sealing portion 12, the connection point S1 between the first connection section 12121 and the first base 1211 is located outside the first tab 3, so that the connection point between one side edge of the first tab 3 and the seal area 121 is located in the recess, which is beneficial to promoting the top sealing portion 12 to be opened when the electrochemical device 100 is expanded by heating, and further improving the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device 100. The region between the two edges of the first tab 3 is the inner side, as viewed in the thickness direction Z of the top seal 12, and the outer side of the first tab 3 is the opposite side.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, as viewed along the thickness direction Z of the top sealing portion 12, the connection point S2 between the first connection section 12121 and the first top section 12122 is located outside the first tab 3, so that the connection point between one side edge of the first tab 3 and the seal area 121 is located at the first top section 12122, which is beneficial to further promoting the top sealing portion 12 to be opened when the electrochemical device 100 is expanded by heating, and further improving the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device 100.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, as viewed along the thickness direction Z of the top sealing portion 12, the connection point S3 between the third connection segment 12123 and the second base 1213 is located between the first tab 3 and the second tab 4, so that the connection point between the other side edge of the first tab 3 and the sealing region 121 is located in the recess, which is beneficial to promoting the top sealing portion 12 to be flushed out when the electrochemical device 100 is thermally expanded, thereby improving the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device 100.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, as viewed along the thickness direction Z of the top sealing portion 12, the connection point S4 between the third connection segment 12123 and the first top segment 12122 is located between the first tab 3 and the second tab 4, so that the connection point between the other side edge of the first tab 3 and the sealing region 121 is located at the first top segment 12122, which is beneficial to further promoting the top sealing portion 12 to be opened when the electrochemical device 100 is thermally expanded, thereby improving the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device 100.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the angle α between the first connecting section 12121 and the first base 1211 is 90 ° to 170 °. In some embodiments, the angle β between the third connecting segment 12123 and the second base 1213 is 90 ° to 170 °. Illustratively, α may be a range of 90 °, 100 °, 110 °, 120 °, 140 °, 150 °, 160 °, 170 °, or any two of the above. Illustratively, β may be a range of 90 °, 100 °, 110 °, 120 °, 140 °, 150 °, 160 °, 170 °, or any two of the above. Further, in some embodiments, α is 120 ° to 160 °. Further, in some embodiments, β is 120 ° to 160 °. In this way, concentration of stress in first concave portion 1212 when electrochemical device 100 expands due to heat can be promoted, and the probability of top seal 12 being pushed open can be improved.
Referring to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the first top segment 12122 satisfies 0.3 A.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.2A, where A is the width of the first tab 3 and a is the length of the first top segment 12122 along the width of the first tab 3. Further, in some embodiments, 0.5 A.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.1.5A; in this way, concentration of stress in the first top segment 12122 upon thermal expansion of the electrochemical device 100 can be promoted, and the probability of the top seal 12 being washed open can be improved.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the first top segment 12122 satisfies: 0.2T1.ltoreq.h1.ltoreq.5T1, where T1 is the seal width of the first base 1211 in the width direction Y of the top seal 12, and h1 is the distance from the first top segment 12122 to the first base 1211 in the width direction Y of the top seal 12. Further, in some embodiments 0.42T1.ltoreq.h1.ltoreq. 1.25T1; in this way, concentration of stress in first concave portion 1212 at the time of thermal expansion of electrochemical device 100 is promoted, the probability of top seal 12 punching is improved, and the influence on the volumetric energy density of electrochemical device 100 is reduced.
In some embodiments, the seal strength between the first tab 3 and the package 1 is less than the seal strength of the first base 1211. Wherein, the seal strength between the first tab 3 and the packaging bag 1 represents the connection strength between the first tab 3 and the packaging bag 1, and the seal strength of the first base 1211 represents the connection strength between the packaging bags at both sides of the first base 1211. In this way, the connection strength between the first tab 3 and the packaging bag 1 is smaller, and the probability of punching the seal area 121 at the first tab 3 can be further improved in the hot box testing process, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the electrochemical device 100.
With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, one end of the second tab 4 is connected to the electrode assembly 2, and the other end of the second tab 4 protrudes from the top seal 12 outside the package 1. The seal area 121 further includes a second recess 1214 and a third base 1215, the second recess 1214 being disposed corresponding to the second tab 4, and both ends of the second recess 1214 being connected to the second base 1213 and the third base 1215, respectively. The second base portion 1213 and the third base portion 1215 are located on both sides of the second electrode tab 4, respectively, as viewed in the thickness direction Z of the top seal 12, and the second recess 1214 is recessed with respect to the second base portion 1213 and the third base portion 1215 in a direction away from the electrode assembly 2. In this way, by setting the seal area 121 at the second tab 4 in the top sealing portion 12 to be concave outwards, during the hot box test, the second recess 1214 serves as a stress concentration point along with expansion of the electrochemical device 100, and the pulled second tab 4 acts on the second recess 1214 in the opposite direction along the extending direction of the second tab 4, so as to promote timely flushing of the seal area 121 at the second recess 1214, reduce the risk of explosion of the electrochemical device 100, and further improve the passing rate of the hot box test of the electrochemical device 100.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the second recess 1214 includes a second connecting section 12141, a second top section 12142, and a fourth connecting section 12143, with two ends of the second connecting section 12141 being connected to the second base 1213 and the second top section 12142, respectively. Both ends of the fourth connecting section 12143 are connected to the third base 1215 and the second top section 12142, respectively. The second connecting segment 12141 is disposed obliquely to the second base 1213 and the fourth connecting segment 12143 to the third base 1215, so that concentration of stress in the second recess 1214 when the electrochemical device 100 is thermally expanded can be promoted, and the probability of the top seal 12 being punched out can be improved. In some embodiments, the second top section 12142 is disposed parallel to the second base 1213 and/or the third base 1215.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, as viewed along the thickness direction Z of the top sealing portion 12, the connection point S5 between the second connecting segment 12141 and the second base 1213 is located outside the second tab 4 and between the first tab 3 and the second tab 4, so that the connection point between one side of the second tab 4 and the sealing region 121 is located in the recess, which is beneficial to promoting the top sealing portion 12 to be opened when the electrochemical device 100 is thermally expanded, thereby improving the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device 100. The region between the two edges of the second lug 4, viewed in the thickness direction Z of the top seal 12, is the inner side, and vice versa, the outer side of the second lug 4.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, as viewed along the thickness direction Z of the top sealing portion 12, the connection point S6 between the second connection section 12141 and the second top section 12142 is located outside the second tab 4 and between the first tab 3 and the second tab 4, so that the connection point between one side of the second tab 4 and the sealing region 121 is located at the second top section 12142, which is beneficial to further promoting the punching of the top sealing portion 12 when the electrochemical device 100 is thermally expanded, thereby improving the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device 100.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, as viewed along the thickness direction Z of the top sealing portion 12, the connection point S7 between the fourth connecting section 12143 and the third base 1215 is located outside the second tab 4, so that the connection point between the other side edge of the second tab 4 and the seal area 121 is located in the recess, which is beneficial to promoting the top sealing portion 12 to be opened when the electrochemical device 100 is thermally expanded, and further improving the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device 100.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, as viewed along the thickness direction of the top sealing portion 12, the connection point S8 between the fourth connection section 12143 and the second top section 12142 is located outside the second tab 4, so that the connection point between the other side edge of the second tab 4 and the seal area 121 is located at the second top section 12142, which is beneficial to further promoting the top sealing portion 12 to be flushed when the electrochemical device 100 is expanded by heating, and further improving the hot box test passing rate of the electrochemical device 100.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the angle θ between the second connecting segment 12141 and the second base 1213 is 90 ° to 170 °. In some embodiments, the angle γ between the fourth connecting section 12143 and the third base 1215 is 90 ° to 170 °. Illustratively, θ may be a range of 90 °, 100 °, 110 °, 120 °, 140 °, 150 °, 160 °, 170 °, or any two of the above. Illustratively, γ may be a range of 90 °, 100 °, 110 °, 120 °, 140 °, 150 °, 160 °, 170 °, or any two of the above. Further, in some embodiments, θ is 120 ° to 160 °. Further, in some embodiments, γ is 120 ° to 160 °. In this way, concentration of stress in the second recess 1214 when the electrochemical device 100 expands due to heat can be promoted, and the probability of the top seal 12 being pushed open can be improved.
Referring to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the second top segment 12142 satisfies 0.3 B.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.2B, where B is the width of the second tab 4 and B is the length of the second top segment 12142 along the width of the second tab 4. Further, in some embodiments, 0.5 B.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.1.5B; in this way, concentration of stress in the second top segment 12142 upon thermal expansion of the electrochemical device 100 can be promoted, and the probability of the top seal 12 being washed out can be improved.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the second top segment 12142 satisfies: 0.2T2.ltoreq.h2.ltoreq.5T2, where T2 is the seal width of the second base 1213 along the width direction Y of the top seal 12. h2 is the distance from the second top segment 12142 to the second base 1213 along the width direction Y of the top seal 12. Further, in some embodiments 0.42T2.ltoreq.h2.ltoreq. 1.25T2; in this way, concentration of stress in the second recess 1214 when the electrochemical device 100 expands thermally is promoted, the probability of the top seal 12 being pushed open is improved, and the influence on the volumetric energy density of the electrochemical device 100 is reduced.
In some embodiments, the seal strength between the second tab 4 and the package 1 is less than the seal strength of the second base 1213. Wherein the seal strength between the second tab 4 and the package 1 characterizes the connection strength between the second tab 4 and the package 1, and the seal strength of the second base 1213 characterizes the connection strength between the packages on both sides at the second base 1213. In this way, the connection strength between the second tab 4 and the packaging bag 1 is smaller, and the probability of punching the seal area 121 at the second tab 4 can be further improved during the hot box test, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the electrochemical device 100.
In some embodiments, the material of the packaging bag 1 may be an aluminum plastic film, the aluminum plastic film includes a polypropylene layer, a metal layer and a nylon layer, which are sequentially stacked, wherein the material of the metal layer is aluminum, and two adjacent layers are bonded by an adhesive.
The safety and reliability of the electrochemical device of the present application will be evaluated by taking a lithium ion battery as an example.
Seal strength test: taking a sample of a packaging area with the width W, adopting a multifunctional tensile tester, clamping materials at two sides of the packaging area by a clamp, testing at the stretching speed of 50mm/min, and obtaining the maximum tensile force F, wherein the sealing strength P=F/W.
And (3) hot box test: and 5 lithium ion batteries are taken for hot box test, the lithium ion batteries are charged to 4.25V at a constant current of 0.5C, then charged to 0.05C at a constant voltage of 4.25V, the lithium ion batteries are in a full charge state, the lithium ion batteries in the full charge state are put into an experiment box, the experiment box is heated at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃ per minute, the temperature in the box is kept constant after reaching (130+/-2) DEG C, and the temperature is kept for 60 minutes, so that the lithium ion batteries are required to pass the test without firing or explosion. Hot box test pass = pass number/5.
Comparative example
Preparing a positive electrode plate: the positive electrode active material lithium cobaltate, conductive carbon black (Super P) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as binders are mixed according to the weight ratio of 96:2.5:1.5, adding the mixture into N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), uniformly stirring to form positive electrode slurry, uniformly coating the positive electrode slurry on one side surface of an aluminum foil of a positive electrode current collector, drying, repeating the steps on the other side surface of the aluminum foil to obtain a positive electrode plate with a positive electrode active layer coated on both sides, and performing cold pressing, cutting and tab welding to obtain the positive electrode plate.
Preparing a negative electrode plate: artificial graphite as a cathode active material, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a thickener and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) as a binder according to the weight ratio of 96:2:2, uniformly stirring the mixture to form negative electrode slurry, uniformly coating the negative electrode slurry on one side surface of a negative electrode current collector copper foil, drying, repeating the steps on the other side surface of the copper foil to obtain a negative electrode plate with a negative electrode active layer coated on both sides, and then carrying out cold pressing, cutting and welding on the electrode lugs to obtain the negative electrode plate.
Preparation of a separation film: a porous Polyethylene (PE) film having a thickness of 7 μm was selected as the separator.
Preparation of electrolyte: liPF was treated under an argon atmosphere having a water content of less than 10ppm 6 Adding a nonaqueous organic solvent (ethylene carbonate (EC): propylene Carbonate (PC): diethyl carbonate (DEC) in a weight ratio of=1:1:1) to the mixture, and uniformly mixing the mixture to obtain an electrolyte. Wherein based on the mass of the electrolyte, liPF 6 The mass concentration of (2) was 12.5%.
Preparation of a lithium ion battery: and sequentially stacking the prepared positive pole piece, the isolating film and the prepared negative pole piece, enabling the isolating film to be positioned between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece, and then winding to obtain the bare cell. And placing the bare cell in an aluminum plastic film of a packaging bag, attaching tab glue at a sealing position of the tab, wherein the melting point of the tab glue is 140 ℃, then heat-sealing four sides, leaving a liquid injection port, injecting the electrolyte, and performing the procedures of vacuum packaging, standing, formation, degassing and the like to obtain the lithium ion battery. Wherein the main body of the lithium ion battery has the dimensions of 87mm long by 64mm wide by 4.8mm thick; the sizes A and B of the positive and negative electrode lugs are 7mm; the seal area of the top seal part is of a straight structure, and the seal width T of the seal area is 1.2mm.
Examples 1 to 8 are different from the comparative examples in that the shape of the head when heat-sealing the top seal portion was changed, the shape was inverted trapezoid recessed outward at the tab, alpha/beta/theta/gamma was 120 deg., and the distance h from the inner edge of the top section to the outer edge of the base was adjusted.
Example 9 differs from example 2 in that a tab adhesive having a melting point of 120 ℃ was used.
Examples 10-16 differ from example 5 in that the lengths a and b of the top sections are adjusted.
Examples 17-20 differ from example 5 in that the angle α/β/θ/γ between the connecting section and the base is adjusted.
TABLE 1 structural parameters and hot box test results for lithium ion batteries
From the above experimental results, it can be seen that:
(1) As can be seen from comparison of experimental results of comparative examples and examples, the hot box test passing rate of the lithium ion battery can be remarkably improved by setting the seal area at the tab to be concave outwards.
(2) From comparison of the experimental results of examples 1-8, the h range is in the range: when h is more than or equal to 0.42T and less than or equal to 1.25T, the test device can have better heat box test passing rate and higher volume energy density.
(3) As can be seen from the comparison of the experimental results of example 5 and examples 10-16, the hot box test passing rate of the lithium ion battery is better when the seal width a is set to be 0.5 A.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.1.5A and the seal width B is set to be 0.5 B.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.1.5B.
(4) As is clear from comparison of the experimental results of example 2 and example 9, the seal strength P2 at the tab is further set to be smaller than the seal strength P1 at the base, which is advantageous for further improving the hot box test passing rate of the lithium ion battery.
(5) From comparison of the experimental results of example 5 and examples 1-20, it is known that the hot box test passing rate of the lithium ion battery is better when the included angle alpha/beta/theta/gamma between the connecting section and the base is in the range of 120-160 degrees.
The application also provides an electric device (not shown), which comprises the electrochemical device 100. The electric equipment can be a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, an unmanned aerial vehicle, an energy storage product, an electric vehicle with single wheels or more than two wheels, or an electric tool and the like. Because the top sealing part 12 has higher flushing probability when the electrochemical device 100 powered in the electric equipment abnormally generates thermal expansion, the risk of explosion of the electrochemical device 100 can be reduced, so that the electric equipment has higher safety.
It should be noted that the description of the present application and the accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, which are not to be construed as additional limitations of the application, but are provided for a more thorough understanding of the present application. The above-described features may be further combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, and all of the embodiments are considered to be within the scope of the present application described in the specification; further, modifications and variations of the present application may be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing teachings, and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of this application as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. An electrochemical device comprising: the packaging bag comprises a main body part and a top sealing part, wherein the electrode assembly is accommodated in the main body part, one end of the first electrode lug is connected with the electrode assembly, and the other end of the first electrode lug extends out of the packaging bag from the top sealing part. The seal strength between the first tab and the packaging bag is smaller than that of the first base;
the first recess includes: the first connecting section, the first top section and the third connecting section are respectively connected with the first base part and the first top section at two ends; two ends of the third connecting section are respectively connected with the second base part and the first top section; the connection point of the first connection section and the first base part is positioned at the outer side of the first tab when viewed along the thickness direction of the top sealing part;
the first top section satisfies: a is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 2A; the first top section is provided with a first lug, wherein A is the width of the first lug, and a is the length of the first top section along the width direction of the first lug.
2. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the following conditions is satisfied:
(1) The connection point of the first connection section and the first top section is positioned at the outer side of the first tab when viewed along the thickness direction of the top sealing part;
(2) The connection point of the third connection section and the second base is positioned between the first tab and the second tab when viewed along the thickness direction of the top sealing part;
(3) The connection point of the third connection section and the first top section is positioned between the first tab and the second tab when viewed along the thickness direction of the top sealing part;
(4) An angle α between the first connecting section and the first base is 90 ° to 170 °;
(5) The included angle beta between the third connecting section and the second base part is 90-170 degrees.
3. The electrochemical device of claim 2, wherein at least one of the following conditions is satisfied:
(1) The first top section satisfies: 0.2T1 h1 is less than or equal to 5T1; wherein T1 is a seal width of the first base along a width direction of the top seal; h1 is the distance from the first top section to the first base along the width direction of the top seal;
(2) Alpha is 120-160 degrees;
(3) Beta is 120 DEG to 160 deg.
4. The electrochemical device of claim 3, wherein at least one of the following conditions is satisfied:
(1)0.5A≤a≤1.5A;
(2)0.42T1≤h1≤1.25T1。
5. the electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein,
one end of the second lug is connected with the electrode assembly, and the other end of the second lug extends out of the packaging bag from the top sealing part;
the seal area further comprises a second concave part and a third base part, and two ends of the second concave part are respectively connected with the second base part and the third base part; the second base part and the third base part are respectively positioned at two sides of the second lug when being observed along the thickness direction of the top sealing part; the second recess is recessed with respect to the second base and the third base in a direction away from the electrode assembly.
6. The electrochemical device of claim 5, wherein the second recess comprises a second connection section, a second top section, and a fourth connection section, both ends of the second connection section being connected to the second base and the second top section, respectively; two ends of the fourth connecting section are respectively connected with the second top section and the third base; at least one of the following conditions is satisfied:
(1) The connection point of the second connection section and the second base part is positioned at the outer side of the second lug when seen in the thickness direction of the top sealing part;
(2) The connection point of the second connection section and the second top section is positioned at the outer side of the second lug when seen in the thickness direction of the top sealing part;
(3) The connection point of the fourth connection section and the third base part is positioned at the outer side of the second lug when seen in the thickness direction of the top sealing part;
(4) The connection point of the fourth connection section and the second top section is positioned at the outer side of the second lug when seen in the thickness direction of the top sealing part;
(5) An included angle theta between the second connecting section and the second base part is 90-170 degrees;
(6) An included angle gamma between the fourth connecting section and the third base part is 90-170 degrees;
(7) The seal strength between the second lug and the packaging bag is smaller than that of the second base.
7. The electrochemical device of claim 6, wherein at least one of the following conditions is satisfied:
(1) The second top section satisfies: b is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 2B; wherein B is the width of the second lug, and B is the length of the second top section along the width direction of the second lug;
(2) The second top section satisfies: 0.2T2 h2 is less than or equal to 5T2; wherein T2 is a seal width of the second base along a width direction of the top seal; h2 is the distance from the second top section to the second base along the width direction of the top seal;
(3) θ is 120 ° to 160 °;
(4) Gamma is 120 deg. to 160 deg..
8. The electrochemical device of claim 7, wherein at least one of the following conditions is satisfied:
(1)0.5B≤b≤1.5B;
(2)0.42T2≤h2≤1.25T2。
9. an electrical consumer comprising an electrochemical device according to any one of claims 1-8.
CN202310685201.9A 2023-06-12 2023-06-12 Electrochemical device and electric equipment Active CN116435670B (en)

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