CN116429954B - 一种用于壬二酸透皮检测的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及药物化学技术领域,提供了一种用于壬二酸透皮检测的方法,包括在液质检测前,采用偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物对透皮处理样品进行前处理。本发明克服了现有技术的不足,解决了透皮检测时,化妆品中低含量的壬二酸检测效果不佳的技术问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学技术领域,具体涉及一种用于壬二酸透皮检测的方法。
背景技术
壬二酸(Azelaic Acid,AzA)是一种天然有机酸,其存在于谷类、小麦、黑麦和大麦等植物中。除此之外,皮肤表面马拉色菌也可以合成和分泌AzA。现在量产的AzA是通过油酸臭氧分解而来。壬二酸的药理作用可归纳为以下5个方面:(1)直接抑制和杀灭皮肤表面和毛囊内的细菌,消除病原体;(2)竞争性抑制产生二氢睾酮的酶过程,减少二氢睾酮因素诱发的皮肤油脂过多;(3)抑制活性氧自由基的产生和作用,有利于抗炎;(4)减少丝状角蛋白的合成,防止毛囊角化过度;(5)破坏细胞线粒体呼吸,抑制细胞DNA合成,从而抑制细胞增殖。AzA为9碳直链二元酸,别名杜鹃花酸;英文名为Azelaic Acid;分子式为C9H16O4;CAS号为123-99-9。壬二酸为无色至淡黄色晶体或粉末,微溶于冷水,溶于热水、乙醚,易溶于乙醇。其化学结构式如下:
目前,壬二酸已被收录于《已使用化妆品原料清单》(2021年版),《化妆品中壬二酸的检测气相色谱法》GB/T 40845-2021、专利CN202210682555.3、CN202011550245.3中均公开了化妆品中壬二酸的检测方法,但仅涉及壬二酸于化妆品中的含量检测,并未涉及壬二酸的透皮检测,若化妆品中壬二酸含量较低,透皮检测过程中,对含有壬二酸的透皮处理样品进行液质检测发现,其响应不好或没有峰,无法获得有效的检测数据。
为此,我们提出一种用于壬二酸透皮检测的方法,其可以填补标准空白,为化妆品的检测工作提供技术支持。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种用于壬二酸透皮检测的方法,解决了透皮检测时,化妆品中低含量的壬二酸检测效果不佳的技术问题。
(二)技术方案
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种用于壬二酸透皮检测的方法,其特征在于:在液质检测前,采用偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物对透皮处理样品进行前处理。
进一步的,前处理步骤中,偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物与透皮处理样品的配比为120mg:10ml。
进一步的,所述偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物由以下方法制备得到:
S1、Fe3O4纳米粒子的合成
将无水乙酸钠加热溶解于一份混合溶液中,将六水合氯化铁和聚乙二醇2000加热溶解于另一份相同的混合溶液中,再将两份混合溶液混合,在300℃条件下加热6h,反应结束后,磁分离获取Fe3O4纳米粒子;
其中,无水乙酸钠、六水合氯化铁、聚乙二醇2000和每份混合溶液配比为10g:3.0g:2.5g:60ml;
混合溶液由二甘醇和乙二醇按照体积比2:1混合得到;
S2、Fe3O4@PDA纳米粒子的合成
将盐酸多巴胺、步骤S1获得的Fe3O4纳米粒子加入Tris-HCl溶液中,混匀,搅拌3h,磁分离获取Fe3O4@PDA纳米粒子;
其中,盐酸多巴胺、Fe3O4纳米粒子、Tris-HCl溶液的配比为150mg:120mg:150mL,Tris-HCl溶液浓度为20mM;
S3、磁性分子印迹聚合物的合成
将模板分子AzA、功能单体MAA、4-VP加入乙腈中,混匀,静置,获得含有预组装的模板-功能单体的溶液;
将Fe3O4@PDA纳米粒子、含有Tris-HCl溶液与偶氮二异丁氰的乙腈加入上述溶液中,混匀,在60℃条件下反应24h,反应结束后,磁分离获取磁性分子印迹聚合物;
其中,模板分子AzA和两个功能单体MAA、4-VP的配比为5:5:4,Fe3O4@PDA纳米粒子和乙腈的配比为100mg:60ml,Tris-HCl溶液、偶氮二异丁氰和乙腈的配比为15mmoL:100mg:60mL;
S4、磁性分子印迹聚合物与碳量子点的偶联
将碳量子点、磁性分子印迹聚合物加入至水中,分散并混合均匀,用水清洗,再将其在200℃条件下煅烧2h,获得偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物;
其中,碳量子点、磁性分子印迹聚合物、水的配比为1g(对后续0.22μm滤膜过滤后的溶液称量所得):300g:50ml。
进一步的,步骤S4中,碳量子点由以下方法制备得到,将柠檬酸和尿素溶解于水中,然后烘干水分,之后于80℃固相反应10min,结束后加水溶解,离心去除沉淀取上清液,用0.22μm滤膜过滤,得到溶液为碳量子点;
其中,柠檬酸、尿素和固相反应后的加水量的配比为1.5g:2.6g:320ml。
聚多巴胺(PDA)具有大量的儿茶酚结构,整个纳米粒子带负电,通过强静电排斥力使得粒子具有极强的稳定性。PDA层的加入不仅能够防止磁泄露,还增加了纳米粒子的比表面积,提供了具有良好生物相容性的表面层。此外,PDA中不仅有能与多价金属离子产生强配位的儿茶酚,更有许多活泼双键能够与许多化学基团产生反应,其共轭体系含有丰富的π电子云,能与含π体系的其他分子产生π-π相互作用力,这对后续纳米粒子的进一步改性提供更多选择。
将模板分子(AzA)、功能单体甲基丙烯酸(MAA)与4-乙烯基吡啶(4-VP)、交联剂PDA、引发剂偶氮二异丁氰(AIBN)在乙腈中混合,加热条件下引发聚合反应,在Fe3O4@PDA表面产生致密的MIPs层。
由于透皮样品的组分十分复杂而且其中壬二酸留含量通常较低,传统的MIPs往往难以从复杂的样品中准确、容易地富集特定的目标物。在研发过程中,我们发现由双功能单体MAA与4-VP制备的MIPs,获得了较好的富集效果。
在MIPs层中嵌入碳量子点(CQDs)形成偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物(CMIPs),碳量子点的引入加快了电荷的分离速度和增强了可见光的吸收,复合材料在可见光的照射下将会产生大量的电子与光生空穴,与水中的溶解氧以及水分子反应,产生大量的·O2-和·OH等活性自由基参与氧化还原反应,将目标物分解成较多的二氧化碳和水。同时CQDs的尺寸很小,附着在MIPs表面可以增大复合材料的比表面积,碳量子点上的各种官能团也会增强复合材料对壬二酸的吸附作用,特别是氮元素引入CQDs的晶格中,使其表面缺陷增加,从而大大提高了复合材料的活性位点。
将模板分子降解完全,留下与模板分子形状、大小、结构等完全匹配的三维网状结构,为印迹分子材料CMIPs吸附目标分子提供基础。
(三)有益效果
本发明提供的一种用于壬二酸透皮检测的方法,具备以下有益效果:
(1)在液质检测前,采用偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物对透皮处理样品进行前处理,能够减少杂质(猪皮、辅料等)干扰,增强灵敏度,提高壬二酸的回收率,对低浓度的壬二酸具有富集效果。
(2)CMIPs同时具有强吸附性能与降解性能,直接在日光照射下即可降解孔穴中残留的目标物,摆脱了分子印迹传统的洗脱方式——索氏提取法,大大降低了清洗材料所需的人力与时间成本的投入。另外,材料可进行重复利用,具有环境友好与低成本的特点。
附图说明
图1为实施例壬二酸直接进样的液质图谱;
图2为实施例壬二酸经CMIPs处理后进样的液质图谱;
图3为实施例壬二酸经CNIPs处理后进样的液质图谱。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
1、Fe3O4纳米粒子合成
瓶A、瓶B中分别配置60mL二甘醇和乙二醇的混合溶液(二甘醇:
乙二醇=2:1,v:v)。
称取10g无水乙酸钠溶解于瓶A中,加热至溶解。再称取3.0g六水合氯化铁和2.5g聚乙二醇2000加入至瓶B中,加热至溶解。将A、B瓶中的溶液转移至反应釜内,在300℃条件下加热6h。磁分离获取产物。
2、Fe3O4@PDA纳米粒子的合成
称取150mg的盐酸多巴胺(DA-HCl)于三口瓶中,加入150mL浓度为20mM的Tris-HCl
溶液,摇晃混匀。称取120mg Fe3O4纳米粒子于上述溶液中,超声混匀,搅拌3h,磁分离获取产物。
3、磁性分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)与非印迹聚合物(NIPs)的制备
称取2mmoL模板分子(AzA)于30mL乙腈中,分别加入2.5mmoL功能单体(MAA、4-VP),超声混匀,于低温处静置,在氢键作用下得到模板-功能单体预组装。随后,称取100mgFe3O4@PDA纳米粒子加入上述溶液中搅拌。将含有15mmoL Tris-HCl溶液与100mg偶氮二异丁氰(AIBN)的60mL乙腈加入上述反应物中。在60℃条件下反应24h。反应结束后,磁分离获取产物。在不加入模板分子的情况下,以同样的方法合成的聚合物为NIPs。
3.1MAA、4-VP与模版分子配比关系的确定
MAA、4-VP与模版分子不同配比关系下的吸附量见上表,确定MAA、4-VP与模版分子的配比关系5:5:4。虽然,在功能单体MAA、4-VP为等比例的基础上,随着模版分子占比的提升,吸附量可能会进一步提升,但现有配比关系下,已经满足后续25ng/mL的壬二酸的透皮检测需求。
4、MIPs、NIPs与碳量子点(CQDs)偶联
将1.5g柠檬酸和2.6g尿素加入500ml烧杯中,在向烧杯中加入40ml水,超声至完全溶解,然后放入烘箱中将水烘干,之后放入微波炉中固相反应10min,结束后加入320ml水使其溶解,800rpm离心去除沉淀取上清液,用0.22μm滤膜过滤,得到溶液为碳量子点(CQDs)。
将1g碳量子点溶解在50ml水中,取300g MIPs(或NIPs)加入到碳量子点溶液中,超声分散,用磁力搅拌器搅拌6h,使其混合均匀,用去离子水清洗数次,再将其放入200℃马弗炉中煅烧2h。所得产物记为CMIPs(或CNIPs)。将CMIPs、CNIPs在日光下放置24h,加入乙腈,超声,磁分离取上清液,液质中未检测出壬二酸即为模板分子降解完全。
表中结果表明,在6h时即可光降解完全。在MIPs层中嵌入碳量子点(CQDs)形成CMIPs,碳量子点的引入加快了电荷的分离速度和增强了可见光的吸收,复合材料在可见光的照射下将会产生大量的电子与光生空穴,与水中的溶解氧以及水分子反应,产生大量的·O2-和·OH等活性自由基参与氧化还原反应,将目标物分解成较多的二氧化碳和水。
5、透皮样品的获得
采用上药面积为1.77cm2,接收池体积为12ml的Franz扩散池,以巴马小香猪皮肤为渗透屏障(一月龄)。将猪皮肤角质层面向上,并将定量环置于皮肤正中央固定,将壬二酸净颜凝露(规格:15%,批号2G0201,江苏知原药业股份有限公司)均匀的涂抹在皮肤角质层上,上药量为18mg。含药层朝上面向样品池,不含药层朝下面向接收池。接收池中充满脱气处理过的接收液(0.9%的生理盐水)。接收池置于32℃恒温环境中,开启电磁搅拌器连续搅拌,转速600rpm,分别于1、2、4、8、12、24h取出全部接收液并补充等量恒温的接收液。接收液于5℃下保存,待处理测定。
即本实施例中的透皮样品为采用渗透部分,非皮肤样品表面剩余部分、皮肤样品内滞留部分。
6、CMIPs、CNIPs应用于壬二酸
将上述透皮处理样品10ml置于离心管中,①无添加;②加入120mg CMIPs;③加入120mg CNIPs;于25℃,190rpm环境中震荡5min。反应结束后,磁分离,取清液。用5mL乙腈溶液分次超声洗脱,收集洗脱液,进行液质检测。
序号 | 化合物名称 | 面积 | 峰高 |
1 | 壬二酸(无添加) | 未检出 | 未检出 |
2 | 壬二酸(CMIPs) | 674766 | 199792 |
3 | 壬二酸(CNIPs) | 119980 | 36466 |
表中数据表明,经CMIPs处理的壬二酸具有更大的峰面积,灵敏度更高。表明,使用特异性材料进行前处理,能够减少杂质(猪皮、辅料等)干扰,增强灵敏度,提高壬二酸的回收率,对低浓度的壬二酸具有富集效果。
需要说明的是,在本文中,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (1)
1.一种用于壬二酸透皮检测的方法,其特征在于:在液质检测前,将壬二酸透皮处理样品置于离心管中,加入偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物,于25 ℃,190 rpm环境中震荡5min,偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物与壬二酸透皮处理样品的配比为120mg:10ml,反应结束后,磁分离,去清液,用5 mL乙腈溶液分次超声洗脱,收集洗脱液,进行液质检测;
所述偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物由以下方法制备得到:
S1、Fe3O4 纳米粒子的合成
将无水乙酸钠加热溶解于一份混合溶液中,将六水合氯化铁和聚乙二醇2000加热溶解于另一份相同的混合溶液中,再将两份混合溶液混合,在300℃条件下加热6 h,反应结束后,磁分离获取Fe3O4 纳米粒子;
其中,无水乙酸钠、六水合氯化铁、聚乙二醇2000和每份混合溶液配比为10 g:3.0 g:2.5 g:60ml;
混合溶液由二甘醇和乙二醇按照体积比2:1混合得到;
S2、Fe3O4 @PDA 纳米粒子的合成
将盐酸多巴胺、步骤S1获得的Fe3O4纳米粒子加入Tris-HCl溶液中,混匀,搅拌3 h,磁分离获取Fe3O4 @PDA 纳米粒子;
其中,盐酸多巴胺、Fe3O4 纳米粒子、Tris-HCl溶液的配比为150 mg:120 mg:150 mL,Tris-HCl溶液浓度为20 mM;
S3、磁性分子印迹聚合物的合成
将模板分子壬二酸、功能单体甲基丙烯酸、4-乙烯基吡啶加入乙腈中,混匀,静置,获得含有预组装的模板-功能单体的溶液;
将Fe3O4@PDA纳米粒子、含有Tris-HCl 溶液与偶氮二异丁氰的乙腈加入上述溶液中,混匀,在60℃条件下反应24 h,反应结束后,磁分离获取磁性分子印迹聚合物;
其中,功能单体甲基丙烯酸、4-乙烯基吡啶和模板分子壬二酸的摩尔配比为5:5:4,Fe3O4@PDA纳米粒子和乙腈的配比为100mg:60ml,Tris-HCl 溶液、偶氮二异丁氰和乙腈的配比为15 mmoL:100 mg:60 mL;
S4、磁性分子印迹聚合物与碳量子点的偶联
将碳量子点、磁性分子印迹聚合物加入至水中,分散并混合均匀,用水清洗,再将其在200℃条件下煅烧2 h,获得偶联碳量子点的分子印迹聚合物;
其中,碳量子点、磁性分子印迹聚合物、水的配比为1g:300g:50ml;
步骤S4中,碳量子点由以下方法制备得到,将柠檬酸和尿素溶解于水中,然后烘干水分,之后放入微波炉中固相反应10 min,结束后加水溶解,离心去除沉淀取上清液,用0.22μm滤膜过滤,得到溶液为碳量子点;
其中,柠檬酸、尿素和固相反应后的加水量的配比为1.5g:2.6g:320ml;
壬二酸透皮处理样品采用以下方法获得:
采用Franz扩散池,以猪皮肤为渗透屏障,将猪皮肤角质层面向上,并将定量环置于皮肤正中央固定,将含壬二酸的待测化妆品均匀的涂抹在皮肤角质层上,上药量为18mg,含药层朝上面向样品池,不含药层朝下面向接收池,接收池中充满脱气处理过的接收液,接收池置于32℃恒温环境中,连续搅拌,分别于1、2、4、8、12、24h取出全部接收液,即获得壬二酸透皮处理样品,同时,取出后补充等量恒温的接收液。
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CN112684050A (zh) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-20 | 上海微谱检测技术有限公司 | 化妆品中美白类功效成分的测定方法研究 |
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Effect of ionization and vehicle on skin absorption and penetration of azelaic acid;Nan Li 等;Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy;第38卷(第8期);第985-994页 * |
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