CN116428269A

CN116428269A - Wear-resistant device for engineering machinery hinge structure and wear-resistant method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN116428269A
Application number: CN202310689432.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李�昊; 陈雪辉; 刘伟; 李凯宏; 李伟豪; 汪昱; 景甜甜; 高婷
Original assignee: Anhui Jianzhu University
Current assignee: Anhui Jianzhu University
Priority date: 2023-06-12
Filing date: 2023-06-12
Publication date: 2023-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2043-06-12
Also published as: CN116428269B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to an anti-wear device for an engineering machinery hinge structure and an anti-wear method thereof. The anti-wear device comprises two anti-wear pieces, a detection unit, an adjusting piece and a controller. The anti-wear device is additionally arranged between the first hinge part and the second hinge part of the engineering machinery hinge structure, and the detection unit is used for detecting whether the two anti-wear surfaces are parallel to the two reference surfaces of the first hinge part or not in real time, so that whether the hinge structure is unbalanced is judged; when the abrasion-proof surface is not parallel to the reference surface, the controller controls the adjusting piece to adjust the installation angle of the two abrasion-proof pieces relative to the hinge pin shaft, so that the abrasion-proof surfaces of the two abrasion-proof pieces are respectively parallel to the two reference surfaces. The anti-wear device adopts an active anti-wear mode, solves the technical problems that the conventional anti-wear mode needs to be maintained regularly and has high maintenance cost, and effectively prolongs the service life of the engineering machinery hinge structure.

Description

Wear-resistant device for engineering machinery hinge structure and wear-resistant method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to an anti-wear device for an engineering machinery hinge structure and an anti-wear method thereof.

Background

In the construction machine, in order to flexibly rotate the components of the machine in a plurality of directions, a technique of connecting two or more components by hinge is generally adopted, thereby improving the operation efficiency and the flexibility of the working range of the construction machine. Taking an excavator as an example, the excavator is heavy construction equipment, mainly used for excavating and transporting soil, rock and other materials, and is generally composed of a frame and a rotary cab, on which a working arm and a bucket are mounted. The work arm of an excavator is typically comprised of a plurality of telescoping arm segments that allow for the excavation of various heights and depths. The bucket is typically made of sheet metal for catching the material to be excavated and transferring it to another location. The working arm comprises a big arm and a small arm, the big arm and the small arm are used for controlling the actions of excavating, loading and the like of the excavator bucket, the arm connected with the frame is long, the arm connected with the frame is called the big arm, the arm connected with the excavator bucket is small, the arm is called the small arm, the big arm is hinged with the small arm, and the small arm is hinged with the excavator bucket.

The structure of the hinge structure of the engineering machinery equipment is shown in fig. 1, and mainly comprises a first hinge part 1 ', a second hinge part 2 ', and a hinge pin 3 ' penetrating through the first hinge part 1 ' and the second hinge part 2 '. When the engineering machinery equipment works, the engineering machinery equipment (such as a bucket, a small arm, a large arm and the like of an excavator) is unbalanced in stress to generate unbalanced load tilting, so that the first hinge part 1 'is biased leftwards or rightwards, the left bias state and the right bias state are shown in fig. 2 and 3, at the moment, line contact is generated between the inner end face 11' of the first hinge part 1 'and the outer end face 21' of the second hinge part 2 ', in this case, the stress of the first hinge part 1' and the second hinge part 2 'is uneven, and the local abrasion of the inner end face 11' of the first hinge part 1 'and the outer end face 21' of the second hinge part 2 can be caused for a long time, so that gaps are generated between the first hinge part 1 'and the second hinge part 2', and further the swinging between the first hinge part 1 'and the second hinge part 2' is caused, so that the damage of a hinge structure is aggravated. In view of this situation, a protection pad or an elastic member is mainly installed between the first hinge member 1 'and the second hinge member 2' as an anti-wear member so as to prevent the contact end surfaces of the first hinge member 1 'and the second hinge member 2' from being worn.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above, it is necessary to provide an anti-wear device for a hinge structure of an engineering machine and an anti-wear method thereof, which are necessary to solve the technical problems that the existing engineering machine equipment mainly comprises a protection pad arranged between end surfaces of the hinge or an elastic member arranged as an anti-wear member, the protection pad or the elastic member still has a wear phenomenon and needs to be regularly maintained and replaced, and the maintenance cost is high.

The invention provides an anti-wear device for an engineering mechanical hinge structure, which comprises a first hinge part, a second hinge part and a hinge pin shaft; one end of the first hinge member is provided with two connecting lug plates which are oppositely arranged and parallel to each other, the hinge pin shaft is fixed on the second hinge member, two ends of the hinge pin shaft are respectively hinged with the two connecting lug plates, and one side, which is used for defining the two connecting lug plates, facing the second hinge member is a reference surface;

the wear protection device comprises:

two anti-wear pieces, one anti-wear piece is arranged between the second hinge piece and each connecting lug plate, and the two anti-wear pieces are movably sleeved on the hinge pin shaft;

defining a side of each wear protection member facing the corresponding connection ear as a wear protection surface, the wear protection device further comprising:

the detection unit is used for detecting whether each anti-abrasion surface is parallel to the corresponding reference surface or not, and if not, the detection unit sends out corresponding adjustment signals;

the adjusting piece is used for adjusting the installation angle of the two anti-wear pieces relative to the hinge pin shaft; and

and the controller is used for driving the adjusting piece to adjust according to the adjusting signal until the corresponding anti-abrasion surface is parallel to the corresponding reference surface.

According to the invention, the anti-wear device is additionally arranged between the first hinge part and the second hinge part, and the detection unit is used for detecting whether the two anti-wear surfaces are parallel to the two reference surfaces of the first hinge part or not in real time, so that whether the hinge structure is unbalanced is judged; when the abrasion-proof surface is not parallel to the reference surface, the controller controls the adjusting piece to adjust the installation angle of the two abrasion-proof pieces relative to the hinge pin shaft, so that the abrasion-proof surfaces of the two abrasion-proof pieces are respectively parallel to the two reference surfaces. The anti-wear device adopts an active anti-wear mode, can timely adjust the contact angle between the anti-wear surface and the reference surface according to deflection conditions, ensures that the anti-wear surface and the reference surface are always in a parallel state, ensures that the anti-wear surface and the reference surface are uniformly stressed, avoids local wear caused by unbalanced load, reduces the wear rate of a hinge structure, effectively prolongs the service life of the hinge structure of engineering machinery, and solves the technical problems that the conventional anti-wear mode needs regular maintenance and has high maintenance cost.

As a further improvement of the above, the regulating member includes:

the mounting sleeve is coaxially fixed with the hinge pin shaft and sleeved outside the hinge pin shaft, and the hinge piece II is fixed on the hinge pin shaft through the mounting sleeve; at least three cavities are formed at two ends of the mounting sleeve facing the two wear-resistant pieces, and the layout of the at least three cavities is surrounded by taking the center of the mounting sleeve as the center;

a plurality of pistons, one piston is matched in each cavity, and one end of each piston facing the corresponding anti-wear member passes through the corresponding cavity and extends into the corresponding anti-wear member; the piston extends at one end of the corresponding anti-wear part to form a sphere and is in rotary fit with the corresponding anti-wear part;

the driving piece is controlled by the controller and is used for driving the piston to extend or retract relative to the corresponding cavity so as to drive the corresponding anti-wear piece to adjust the installation angle relative to the hinge pin shaft.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, the driving member comprises a plurality of electric control liquid paths corresponding to the plurality of cavities one by one, and the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the corresponding pistons by controlling the liquid intensity and the duration of the electric control liquid paths;

or the driving piece comprises a plurality of electric control air paths corresponding to the cavities one by one, and the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the corresponding pistons by controlling the air pressure intensity and the duration of the electric control air paths;

or the driving piece comprises a plurality of electric control motors which are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of cavities, the electric control motors are arranged in the corresponding cavities, the output shafts of the electric control motors are inserted into the corresponding pistons in a threaded connection manner, and the output shafts and the corresponding pistons are coaxially arranged; the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the corresponding pistons by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the electric control motor.

As a further improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, at least three detection points are provided on each wear-resistant surface, and the layout of the at least three detection points surrounds the layout with the center of the corresponding wear-resistant surface as the center;

the detection unit includes:

two sets of sensor groups respectively corresponding to the two wear prevention pieces, each set of sensor groups including at least three pressure sensors for respectively detecting pressures of at least three detection points on the corresponding wear prevention pieces;

and the data processing unit is used for sending out the corresponding adjusting signals when the pressures of all detection points on the same wear-resistant piece are inconsistent.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the controller takes an intermediate pressure from the pressures of all detection points on the corresponding wear-preventing piece according to the adjustment signal, and adjusts the pressures higher or lower than the intermediate pressure to be consistent by driving the corresponding pistons to contract or straighten;

wherein the length of the piston extending out of the corresponding cavity cannot be lower than the length for the pressure sensor to generate pressure.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the pressure sensors are mounted on respective wear-resistant faces;

the detection unit further includes:

and the two anti-wear plates are in one-to-one correspondence with the two anti-wear pieces, are arranged on the corresponding anti-wear surfaces and cover the corresponding pressure sensors.

As a further improvement of the above, the detecting unit includes:

the first gesture sensors are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the two connecting ear plates and are used for detecting the gesture of the corresponding connecting ear plates;

the two attitude sensors are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the two anti-wear pieces and are used for detecting the attitudes of the corresponding anti-wear pieces;

and the data processing unit is used for sending out the corresponding adjusting signals when the posture of the wear-resistant piece is inconsistent with the posture of the corresponding connecting lug plate.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, the controller adjusts the posture of the wear-preventing member to be consistent with the posture of the corresponding connecting lug plate by driving the adjusting member with the posture of the connecting lug plate as a reference according to the adjusting signal.

The invention also provides an engineering machinery hinge structure, which comprises:

one end of the first hinge component is provided with two connecting lug plates which are oppositely arranged and mutually parallel;

one end of the hinge part II is positioned between the two connecting lug plates, and one side of the two connecting lug plates, which faces the hinge part II, is defined as a reference surface; and

the hinge pin is fixed on the second hinge part, and two ends of the hinge pin are hinged with the two connecting lug plates respectively;

the anti-wear device comprises two anti-wear pieces, one anti-wear piece is arranged between the second hinge piece and each connecting lug plate, and the two anti-wear pieces are movably sleeved on the hinge pin shaft;

the anti-wear device is used for the engineering machinery hinge structure.

The invention also provides an anti-wear method for the engineering machinery hinge structure, which is applied to the anti-wear device for the engineering machinery hinge structure, and comprises the following steps:

detecting whether each anti-wear surface is parallel to the corresponding reference surface, and sending out corresponding adjustment signals if the anti-wear surfaces are not parallel;

and driving the adjusting piece to adjust according to the adjusting signal until the corresponding anti-wear surface is parallel to the corresponding reference surface.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the anti-wear device is additionally arranged between the first hinge part and the second hinge part, and the detection unit is used for detecting whether the two anti-wear surfaces are parallel to the two reference surfaces of the first hinge part or not in real time, so that whether the hinge structure is unbalanced is judged; when the abrasion-proof surface is not parallel to the reference surface, the controller controls the adjusting piece to adjust the installation angle of the two abrasion-proof pieces relative to the hinge pin shaft, so that the abrasion-proof surfaces of the two abrasion-proof pieces are respectively parallel to the two reference surfaces. The anti-wear device adopts an active anti-wear mode, can timely adjust the contact angle between the anti-wear surface and the reference surface according to deflection conditions, ensures that the anti-wear surface and the reference surface are always in a parallel state, ensures that the anti-wear surface and the reference surface are uniformly stressed, avoids local wear caused by unbalanced load, reduces the wear rate of the hinge structure, and effectively prolongs the service life of the hinge structure of the engineering machinery.

2. According to the anti-wear device, the driving piece is controlled to drive the piston to stretch or shrink in the corresponding cavity so as to drive the corresponding anti-wear piece to rotate, so that the installation angle of the anti-wear piece relative to the hinge pin is adjusted, the anti-wear surface of the anti-wear piece can be parallel to the corresponding reference surface, the driving piece can adopt a plurality of electric control liquid paths corresponding to the cavities one by one, the electric control liquid paths can be directly communicated with a hydraulic system of engineering mechanical equipment, oil inlet and outlet quantity of the cavities is adjusted through the hydraulic system of the engineering machinery, oil pressure in the cavity is adjusted, and the corresponding piston is driven to stretch or shrink, so that the anti-wear piece is driven to deflect, and the anti-wear surface is kept parallel to the corresponding reference surface. The invention adopts the hydraulic system as a power source for adjusting the wear-resistant surface, can generate larger thrust under smaller volume, and can effectively adjust the contact condition of the wear-resistant piece and the connecting lug plate when larger unbalanced load occurs.

3. The piston of the invention extends at one end of the corresponding anti-wear part to form a sphere, and the spherical structure has the advantage of universal rotation and can cope with different unbalanced load types from multiple directions.

4. The detection unit detects the pressure between the anti-wear surface and the reference surface through the plurality of pressure sensors, and judges whether the anti-wear surface is parallel to the corresponding reference surface or not according to the pressure values detected by the plurality of pressure sensors, so as to judge whether the hinge structure is unbalanced; when the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors on the same wear-resistant surface are inconsistent, the wear-resistant surface can be judged to be not parallel to the corresponding reference surface. The pressure of different positions between the corresponding anti-wear surface and the reference surface is detected in real time through the pressure sensors, and the detection is accurate, so that the contact angle of the anti-wear surface and the reference surface can be adjusted in time according to deflection conditions by the adjusting piece. The plurality of pressure sensors are uniformly distributed on the anti-wear surface around the hinge pin shaft in a circumference manner, so that pressure change between the anti-wear surface and the reference surface can be detected under the unbalanced load condition, and the anti-wear surface and the reference surface are timely found to be not parallel.

5. The detection unit can also acquire the gesture of the anti-wear part through the gesture sensor I and acquire the gesture of the connecting lug plate through the gesture sensor II, and judge whether the anti-wear surface is parallel to the corresponding reference surface according to the gesture of the anti-wear part and the gesture of the connecting lug plate, so that whether the hinge structure is unbalanced or not is judged, the detection is accurate, and the contact angle between the anti-wear surface and the reference surface can be adjusted by the adjusting part in time according to deflection conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a prior art construction machine hinge structure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 in a left-biased state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 in a right-biased state;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-wear device for a hinge structure of an engineering machine according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a view of the work machine articulation structure of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a front view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 8 in a left-biased state;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 8 in a right-biased state;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the wear protection device of FIG. 8 in a left-hand bias condition;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the wear protection device of FIG. 8 in a right-hand bias condition;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of an anti-wear device for a hinge structure of an engineering machine according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is an exploded view of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a view of the work machine articulation structure of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is a front view of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 16 in a left-biased state;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 16 in a right-biased state;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the wear protection device of FIG. 16 in a left-hand bias condition;

fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the wear protection device of fig. 16 in a right-hand bias condition.

Reference numerals: 1. a first hinge; 101. connecting an ear plate; 102. a reference surface; 2. a second hinge; 3. a hinge pin; 4. an abrasion-proof member; 401. an abrasion-proof surface; 41. a hemispherical groove; 42. a limiting hole; 5. a mounting sleeve; 51. an oil hole; 6. a piston; 7. A cavity; 8. a pressure sensor; 9. a second attitude sensor; 10. a first attitude sensor; 11. an abrasion-proof plate; 111. and a limiting pin.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Example 1

The embodiment aims at the technical problems that the prior engineering mechanical equipment mainly comprises the steps of additionally arranging a protection pad or an elastic piece between the end faces of the hinged part to adjust a gap generated by abrasion, the protection pad or the elastic piece needs to be regularly maintained and replaced in the mode, the maintenance cost is high, and the abrasion rate of the end face of the friction pair cannot be changed, and the abrasion-resistant device for the engineering mechanical hinged structure is provided.

Referring to fig. 4-8, an anti-wear device for a hinge structure of an engineering machine according to this embodiment is applied to a hinge structure of an engineering machine, and includes two anti-wear members 4, an adjusting member, a detecting unit and a controller. The engineering machinery hinge structure mainly comprises a first hinge part 1, a second hinge part 2 and a hinge pin shaft 3, wherein one end of the first hinge part 1 is provided with connecting lug plates 101 which are oppositely arranged and parallel to each other, the hinge pin shaft 3 is fixed on the second hinge part 2, two ends of the hinge pin shaft are respectively hinged with the two connecting lug plates 101, and one side, facing the second hinge part 2, of each connecting lug plate 101 is defined to be a reference surface 102.

Two anti-wear pieces 4 are movably sleeved on the hinge pin 3, and one anti-wear piece 4 is arranged between the second hinge piece 2 and each connecting lug plate 101. The side of each wear part 4 facing the corresponding connection lug 101 is defined as the wear face 401. In this embodiment, the anti-wear member 4 is a plate body formed as a disc, and the center of the anti-wear member 4 is perforated and movably sleeved on the hinge pin 3 through a hole at the center. In the initial state or the non-working state, the anti-wear pieces 4 of the two plate body structures are parallel to each other, the anti-wear surfaces 401 of the two anti-wear pieces 4 are respectively parallel to and in surface contact with the reference surfaces 102 of the two connecting ear plates 101, and at the moment, the stress of the hinge piece 1 and the anti-wear pieces 4 is uniform. When the engineering mechanical equipment is in an unbalanced load in the working state, the first hinge part 1 deflects on the hinge pin 3. Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the deflection direction can be divided into left deflection and right deflection, but both left deflection and right deflection can lead to that the two reference surfaces 102 of the hinge element 1 are not parallel to the two wear-resistant surfaces 401 any more, but form a certain angle, and at this time, line contact is generated between the reference surfaces 102 and the wear-resistant surfaces 401, in this case, stress of the hinge element 1 and the wear-resistant members 4 is uneven, and long-time line contact can lead to local wear of contact parts of the hinge element 1 and the wear-resistant members 4.

In this embodiment, in order to prevent local wear caused by uneven stress of the hinge member 1 and the wear-preventing member 4 due to unbalanced load, the detection unit of this embodiment detects in real time whether the two wear-preventing surfaces 401 are parallel to the two reference surfaces 102, and when the detection unit detects that the wear-preventing surfaces 401 are not parallel to the corresponding reference surfaces 102, sends out corresponding adjustment signals. The controller controls the adjusting signal to drive the adjusting piece to adjust the installation angle of the two anti-abrasion pieces 4 relative to the hinge pin shaft 3 until the corresponding anti-abrasion faces 401 are parallel to the corresponding reference faces 102, and the embodiment actively adjusts the two anti-abrasion pieces 4 to enable the two anti-abrasion faces 401 to be parallel to the two reference faces 102 respectively, so that the two reference faces 102 are always in a parallel state with the two anti-abrasion faces 401 respectively, the reference faces 102 are prevented from being in line contact with the corresponding anti-abrasion faces 401, and therefore local abrasion of the first hinge piece 1 and the second hinge piece 2 due to unbalanced load is prevented, and the service life of the hinge structure is prolonged.

In this embodiment, the adjusting member includes a mounting sleeve 5, a plurality of pistons 6, and a driving member. The installation sleeve 5 is coaxially sleeved on the hinge pin shaft 3 and is fixed with the hinge pin shaft 3, the second hinge part 2 is fixed on the hinge pin shaft 3 through the installation sleeve 5, and at least three cavities 7 are formed in two ends of the installation sleeve 5, which face the two wear-resistant parts 4. In this embodiment, the two ends of the mounting sleeve 5 facing the two wear-preventing members 4 are provided with three cavities 7, and the three cavities 7 at each end are uniformly and circumferentially arranged with the center of the mounting sleeve 5 as the center. Of course, in other embodiments, the cavities 7 at each end of the mounting sleeve 5 may be other numbers, such as 4 or 5. The mounting sleeve 5 of the present embodiment has a cylindrical structure, and may have other shapes in other embodiments. The end part of the second hinge part 2 is welded with the side surface of the mounting sleeve 5, and the second hinge part 2 is fixed on the hinge pin shaft 3 through the mounting sleeve 5. Of course, in other embodiments, the mounting sleeve 5 may also be integrally formed with the second hinge member 2 such that the mounting sleeve 5 becomes a part of the second hinge member 2.

One piston 6 is matched in each cavity 7 of the mounting sleeve 5, and the pistons 6 are parallel to the hinge pin 3, so that each end of the mounting sleeve 5 is provided with 3 pistons 6. The hinge structure volume is comprehensively considered, the mode that 3 pistons 6 are arranged at each end of the mounting sleeve 5, and the 3 pistons 6 are uniformly distributed circumferentially around the hinge pin 3 is adopted, so that the cost is saved to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the basic requirement of determining one surface by three points in a three-dimensional space is just met. The side surface of each anti-wear piece 4 facing the mounting sleeve 5 is provided with 3

hemispherical grooves

41,3, and the hemispherical grooves 41 are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding 3 pistons 6 on the mounting sleeve 5. The end of the piston 6 facing the corresponding semi-spherical groove 41 passes through the corresponding cavity 7 and is mounted in the corresponding semi-spherical groove 41 in an extending and rotating fit, and the end of the piston 6 extending in the corresponding semi-spherical groove 41 is spherical. The driving member is controlled by the controller, and drives the piston to extend or retract relative to the corresponding cavity 7, so as to drive the corresponding wear-resistant member 4 to adjust the installation angle relative to the hinge pin 3.

In this embodiment, the driving member includes 6 electric control liquid paths corresponding to the 6 cavities 7 one by one, and the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the corresponding pistons 6 by controlling the liquid intensity and the duration of the electric control liquid paths. In order to facilitate the connection of the liquid paths, the positions, corresponding to the cavities 7, of the mounting sleeve 5 are provided with oil holes 51 communicated with the cavities 7, and the oil holes 51 are connected with a hydraulic system through hoses to form an electric control liquid path, and the hydraulic system can be directly a hydraulic system of engineering machinery or can be reset. By connecting the hose to the hydraulic system, interference with the relative rotation between the first and

second hinge members

1, 2 is avoided. Thus, the oil inlet and outlet amounts of the cavities 7 are regulated through a hydraulic system of the engineering machinery, so that the oil pressure in each cavity 7 is controlled and regulated, and the piston 6 is driven to move along the axial direction of the hinge pin 3. When the oil pressure in the cavity 7 increases, the piston 6 is driven to move along the axial direction of the hinge pin 3 and extend outwards, so that the wear-resistant piece 4 is driven to deflect towards the reference surface 102. When the oil pressure in the cavity 7 is reduced, the piston 6 is driven to move along the axial direction of the hinge pin 3 and retract into the cavity 7, so that the anti-abrasion piece 4 is driven to deflect towards the mounting sleeve 5. Of course, in other embodiments, the driving member may further include 6 electric control air paths corresponding to the 6 cavities 7 one by one, and the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the corresponding piston 6 by controlling the air intensity and duration of the electric control air paths, and the oil hole 51 is connected with an air pressure system through a hose so as to form the electric control air paths. In another embodiment, the driving member may further include 6 electric motors corresponding to the plurality of cavities 7 one by one, the electric motors are installed in the corresponding cavities 7, the output shafts of the electric motors are inserted into the corresponding pistons 6 in a threaded connection manner, the output shafts of the electric motors are coaxially arranged with the corresponding pistons, and the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the corresponding pistons by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the electric motors. Considering the volume of the hinge structure, the electric control motor adopts a miniature electric control motor, so that the miniature electric control motor can be installed in the corresponding cavity 7, the electric control motor can be controlled in a wireless connection mode, and the electric control motor can be charged in an electromagnetic induction mode.

In this embodiment, the detection unit includes two groups of sensor groups and a data processing unit. Three detection points are arranged on the anti-wear surfaces 401 of the two anti-wear pieces 4, the layout of the three detection points is uniformly distributed in a circle by taking the center of the corresponding anti-wear surface 401 as the center, and the three detection points meet the basic requirement of determining one surface by three points in a three-dimensional space. The two groups of sensor groups are respectively arranged corresponding to the two anti-wear pieces 4, each group of sensor groups comprises three pressure sensors 8, the three pressure sensors 8 are respectively arranged on three detection points of the corresponding anti-wear surface 401, the three pressure sensors 8 are respectively arranged corresponding to the 3 pistons 6 on the corresponding anti-wear pieces 4 one by one, and the three pressure sensors 8 are used for respectively detecting the pressures of the three detection points. The data processing unit is configured to compare the pressure values detected by the 3 pressure sensors 8 on the same wear-resistant surface 401, and determine whether the wear-resistant surface 401 is parallel to the corresponding reference surface 102 according to the comparison result, where the data processing unit is configured to send out a corresponding adjustment signal when the pressures of all the detection points on the same wear-resistant surface 401 are inconsistent, that is, the wear-resistant surface 401 is not parallel to the corresponding reference surface 102. The controller takes an intermediate pressure from the pressures of all the detection points on the corresponding wear prevention piece 4 according to the adjusting signal, and the pressure higher or lower than the intermediate pressure is adjusted to be consistent by driving the corresponding piston 6 to extend or retract until the pressures of all the detection points are consistent. To ensure that each pressure sensor 8 always has a signal, each piston 6 extends beyond the respective cavity 7 by a length not less than the length that causes the respective pressure sensor 8 to generate a pressure signal. In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 8 may be configured as an arc structure, so as to enlarge the detection range of the single pressure sensor 8, and ensure that the detection range of the sensor group can cover most of the wear-resistant surface 401. Of course, in other embodiments, the pressure sensors 8 of each sensor group may be of other numbers, such that one piston 6 may correspond to two or more pressure sensors 8, provided that when the hinge member 1 is deflected and the reference surface 102 is brought into contact with the corresponding wear surface 401, the corresponding pressure sensor 8 is able to detect the pressure at the contact position. The pressure value between the reference surface 102 and the wear-resistant surface 401 is detected by using the technology of the pressure sensor 8 when the engineering machine works, and the real-time adjustment can be realized after the end face unbalance loading of the hinge part of the engineering machine is realized by being related to a hydraulic system of the engineering machine.

In this embodiment, further, in order to avoid the pressure sensor 8 from directly contacting the corresponding reference surface 102 to wear, the detecting unit further includes two wear-preventing plates 11, the two wear-preventing plates 11 are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the two wear-preventing members 4, the two wear-preventing plates 11 are movably sleeved on the hinge pins 3, the two wear-preventing plates 11 are respectively mounted on the wear-preventing surfaces 401 of the corresponding wear-preventing members 4, the wear-preventing plates 11 cover all the pressure sensors 8 on the corresponding wear-preventing surfaces 401, the wear-preventing plates 11 are always parallel to the corresponding wear-preventing members 4, at this time, the side of the wear-preventing plates 11 facing the corresponding reference surfaces 102 forms a new wear-preventing surface, and the pressure sensor 8 on the wear-preventing member 4 is used for detecting the pressure between each position on the wear-preventing plate 11 and the reference surface 102. Specifically, the side of the anti-wear plate 11, which is close to the anti-wear member 4, is provided with a plurality of limiting pins 111, and the side of the anti-wear member 4, which is close to the anti-wear plate 11, is provided with a plurality of limiting holes 42, and the plurality of limiting pins 111 of the anti-wear plate 11 are detachably inserted into the plurality of limiting holes 42 of the anti-wear member 4 respectively. The wear plate 11 is provided to prevent wear of the pressure sensor 8. The anti-wear plate 11 can be detachably connected with the anti-wear piece 4 through the limiting pin 111, so that the replacement and maintenance of the pressure sensor 8 are facilitated, and meanwhile, the plurality of limiting pins 111 can also prevent the anti-wear plate 11 from rotating in the working process.

Next, the working principle of the wear prevention device of the present embodiment will be described in detail by taking a hinge structure (the bucket ear is the hinge member one 1 and the arm is the hinge member two 2) formed between the bucket ear of the excavator and the arm of the excavator as an example.

Referring to fig. 7 again, in the factory or non-working state of the excavator, the two reference surfaces 102 of the bucket ear are parallel to the wear-resistant surfaces of the two wear-resistant plates 11, at this time, the lengths of the 3 pistons 6 at the same end of the mounting sleeve 5 outside the mounting sleeve 5 are consistent, the pressure values detected by the 3 pressure sensors 8 on the same wear-resistant member 4 are consistent, and the stresses on the two reference surfaces 102 and the wear-resistant surfaces of the two wear-resistant plates 11 are uniform.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10 again, when the excavator works, when the pressure values detected by the 3 pressure sensors 8 on the same wear preventing member 4 are inconsistent, the data processing unit will determine that the wear preventing surface 401 is not parallel to the corresponding reference surface 102 and send out corresponding adjustment signals, and then it can be determined that the excavator bucket is inclined leftwards or rightwards due to uneven distribution of blocked forces. At this time, the reference surfaces 102 of the two connection lug plates 101 of the bucket ear are respectively in line contact with the wear-preventing surfaces of the two wear-preventing plates 11, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 8 at the line contact position on the wear-preventing plate 11 is increased and is far greater than the pressure value detected by the other two pressure sensors 8. At this time, the controller controls the hydraulic system of the excavator to adjust the oil pressures and durations in the 6 cavities 7 according to the adjustment signals and the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors 8: when the pressure value detected by a certain pressure sensor 8 on the wear-resistant surface 401 is large, controlling the oil pressure in the cavity 7 corresponding to the pressure sensor 8 to be reduced so as to retract the corresponding piston 6 by a certain length; when the pressure value detected by a certain pressure sensor 8 on the wear-resistant surface 401 is smaller, the oil pressure of the cavity 7 corresponding to the pressure sensor 8 is controlled to be increased so that the piston 6 extends a certain length; eventually, the pressure values detected by the 3 pressure sensors 8 on the same wear-resistant surface 401 are kept consistent. At this time, please combine fig. 11, 12, just make two wear-resistant surface 401 parallel with two reference surfaces 102 of bucket ear respectively, the length that 3 pistons 6 of the same one end of installation cover 5 are located outside the installation cover 5 is inconsistent, be the face contact between reference surface 102 and corresponding wear-resistant plate 11, the reference surface 102 of bucket ear and wear-resistant surface atress of wear-resistant plate 11 are even, can effectively prevent hinge one 1, hinge two 2 to appear partial wear, extension hinge structure's life.

Example 2

The present embodiment proposes an abrasion-proof device for an engineering machinery hinge structure, which is different from embodiment 1 in that: referring to fig. 13-16, in the present embodiment, the detecting unit includes two first posture sensors 10, two second posture sensors 9, and a data processing unit.

In this embodiment, two attitude sensors 10 are respectively mounted on two wear-preventing members 4, x-axes of the two attitude sensors 10 are respectively perpendicular to the wear-preventing surfaces 401 of the two wear-preventing members 4, and the two attitude sensors 10 are respectively used for acquiring euler angles one of the two wear-preventing surfaces 401. The two attitude sensors 9 are respectively arranged on the two connecting lug plates 101 of the hinge part I1, the x axes of the two attitude sensors 9 are respectively perpendicular to the reference surfaces 102 of the two connecting lug plates 101, and the two attitude sensors 9 are respectively used for acquiring Euler angles II of the two reference surfaces 102. It is necessary to ensure that the z-axes of all the first posture sensor 10 and the second posture sensor 9 are in the same direction. The data processing unit is configured to determine whether the corresponding anti-wear surface 402 and the reference surface 102 are parallel according to the first euler angle of the first attitude sensor 10 and the second euler angle of the second attitude sensor 9: when the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the Euler angle I of the gesture sensor I10 are respectively equal to the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the Euler angle II of the corresponding gesture sensor II 9, the anti-abrasion surface 402 is judged to be parallel to the corresponding reference surface 102; when the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the euler angle one of the gesture sensor 10 are respectively unequal to the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the euler angle two of the gesture sensor 9, the anti-abrasion surface 401 is judged to be not parallel to the corresponding reference surface 102 and sends out an adjustment signal, and at the moment, the reference surface 102 and the corresponding anti-abrasion surface 401 are stressed unevenly. The controller takes the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the Euler angle I of the gesture sensor I10 as references according to the adjustment signals, and drives the corresponding piston 6 to extend or retract until the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the Euler angle I of the gesture sensor II 9 are respectively equal to the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the Euler angle I of the gesture sensor I10.

Next, the working principle of the wear prevention device of this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to a hinge structure formed between an excavator bucket ear and an excavator arm (the bucket ear is a first hinge member 1, and the arm is a second hinge member 2).

Referring to fig. 14 again, in the factory or the non-working state of the excavator, the reference surfaces 102 of the two connection lugs 101 of the bucket ear are respectively parallel to the anti-wear surfaces 401 of the two anti-wear members 4, at this time, the lengths of the 3 pistons 6 at the same end of the mounting sleeve 5 outside the mounting sleeve 5 are consistent, the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the euler angle one of the two attitude sensors 10 are respectively equal to the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the euler angle two of the two attitude sensors 9, and the stress of the two reference surfaces 102 and the two anti-wear surfaces 401 is uniform.

Referring to fig. 17 and 18, when the excavator works, the data processing unit determines that the wear-resistant surface 401 is no longer parallel to the corresponding reference surface 102 and sends out a corresponding adjustment signal when the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the first euler angle of the first attitude sensor 10 are no longer equal to the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the second euler angle of the second attitude sensor 9, and at this time, it can be determined that the excavator bucket is inclined leftwards or rightwards due to uneven distribution of blocked forces. At this time, the controller controls the hydraulic system of the excavator to adjust the oil inlet and outlet amounts of the 6 cavities 7 according to the adjusting signal, so as to adjust the oil pressure in the 6 cavities 7 to drive the corresponding pistons 6 to extend or retract, thereby driving the corresponding wear-preventing members 4 to deflect the wear-preventing members 4, the installation angles of which are easy to adjust, relative to the hinge pins 3. When the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the Euler angle II of the gesture sensor II are equal to the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the Euler angle I of the corresponding gesture sensor I10 again, the hydraulic system stops adjusting, and by combining with fig. 19 and 20, the two anti-abrasion surfaces 401 are respectively parallel to the two reference surfaces 102 of the bucket ear, the lengths of the 3 pistons 6 at the same end of the mounting sleeve 5 outside the mounting sleeve 5 are inconsistent, the reference surfaces 102 of the bucket ear are in surface contact with the anti-abrasion pieces 4, the stress of the reference surfaces 102 of the bucket ear and the anti-abrasion surfaces 401 of the anti-abrasion pieces 4 is uniform, the local abrasion of the first hinge piece 1 and the second hinge piece 2 can be effectively prevented, and the service life of the hinge structure is prolonged.

It is noted that when an element is referred to as being "mounted to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly secured to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "or/and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An anti-abrasion device for an engineering machinery hinge structure comprises a first hinge part (1), a second hinge part (2) and a hinge pin shaft (3); one end of the first hinge part (1) is provided with two connecting lug plates (101) which are oppositely arranged and parallel to each other, the hinge pin shaft (3) is fixed on the second hinge part (2) and two ends of the hinge pin shaft are respectively hinged with the two connecting lug plates (101), and one side of the two connecting lug plates (101) facing the second hinge part (2) is defined as a reference surface (102);

the wear protection device comprises:

two anti-wear pieces (4), one anti-wear piece (4) is arranged between the hinge joint piece II (2) and each connecting lug plate (101), and the two anti-wear pieces (4) are movably sleeved on the hinge pin shaft (3);

characterized in that the side of each wear protection element (4) facing the corresponding connection lug (101) is defined as a wear protection surface (401), the wear protection device further comprising:

a detection unit for detecting whether each wear surface (401) is parallel to the corresponding reference surface (102), and if not, emitting a corresponding adjustment signal;

the adjusting piece is used for adjusting the installation angle of the two anti-abrasion pieces (4) relative to the hinge pin shaft (3); and

and the controller is used for driving the adjusting piece to adjust according to the adjusting signal until the corresponding anti-abrasion surface (401) is parallel to the corresponding reference surface (102).

2. The wear prevention device for a hinge structure of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting member comprises:

the mounting sleeve (5) is coaxially fixed with the hinge pin shaft (3) and sleeved outside the hinge pin shaft (3), and the hinge part II (2) is fixed on the hinge pin shaft (3) through the mounting sleeve (5); at least three cavities (7) are formed in the two ends of the mounting sleeve (5) facing the two anti-wear pieces (4), and the layout of the at least three cavities (7) is surrounded by taking the center of the mounting sleeve (5) as the center;

a plurality of pistons (6), one piston (6) being matched in each cavity (7), and one end of the piston (6) facing the corresponding anti-wear member (4) passing through the corresponding cavity (7) and extending into the corresponding anti-wear member (4); the piston (6) extends at one end of the corresponding anti-wear piece (4) to form a sphere, and the piston (6) is in rotary fit with the corresponding anti-wear piece (4);

the driving piece is controlled by the controller and is used for driving the piston (6) to extend or retract relative to the corresponding cavity (7) so as to drive the corresponding anti-abrasion piece (4) to adjust the installation angle relative to the hinge pin shaft (3).

3. The wear prevention device for the engineering machinery hinge structure according to claim 2, wherein the driving piece comprises a plurality of electric control liquid paths corresponding to the plurality of cavities (7) one by one, and the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the corresponding pistons (6) by controlling the liquid intensity and the duration of the electric control liquid paths;

or the driving piece comprises a plurality of electric control air paths corresponding to the cavities (7) one by one, and the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the corresponding piston (6) by controlling the air pressure intensity and the duration of the electric control air paths;

or the driving piece comprises a plurality of electric control motors which are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of cavities (7), the electric control motors are arranged in the corresponding cavities (7), the output shafts of the electric control motors are inserted into the corresponding pistons (6) in a threaded connection mode, and the output shafts and the corresponding pistons (6) are coaxially arranged; the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the corresponding piston (6) by controlling the positive and negative rotation of the electric control motor.

4. The wear prevention device for a hinge structure of an engineering machine according to claim 2, wherein at least three detection points are provided on each wear prevention surface (401), and the layout of the at least three detection points is arranged around the center of the corresponding wear prevention surface (401);

the detection unit includes:

two sets of sensor groups, which respectively correspond to the two wear prevention pieces (4), each set of sensor groups comprising at least three pressure sensors (8) for respectively detecting the pressure of at least three detection points on the respective wear prevention pieces (4);

and the data processing unit is used for sending out corresponding adjustment signals when the pressures of all detection points on the same wear-resistant piece (4) are inconsistent.

5. The wear protection device for a construction machine hinge structure according to claim 4, wherein the controller takes an intermediate pressure from the pressures of all detection points on the respective wear protection member (4) according to the adjustment signal, adjusts the pressures higher or lower than the intermediate pressure to be uniform by driving the respective pistons (6) to contract or straighten;

wherein the length of the piston (6) extending out of the corresponding cavity (7) cannot be lower than the length for the pressure sensor (8) to generate pressure.

6. The wear protection device for a construction machine hinge structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the pressure sensors (8) are mounted on the respective wear protection surfaces (401);

the detection unit further includes:

two wear plates (11) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the two wear members (4), are mounted on the respective wear faces (401) and cover the respective pressure sensors (8).

7. The wear prevention device for a hinge structure of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit comprises:

the first gesture sensors (10) are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the two connecting ear plates (101) and are used for detecting the gesture of the corresponding connecting ear plates (101);

two attitude sensors (9) which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the two wear prevention pieces (4) and are used for detecting the attitudes of the corresponding wear prevention pieces (4);

and the data processing unit is used for sending out the corresponding adjusting signal when the posture of the wear-resistant piece (4) is inconsistent with the posture of the corresponding connecting lug plate (101).

8. The wear prevention device for a hinge structure of an engineering machine according to claim 7, wherein the controller adjusts the posture of the wear prevention member (4) to be identical with the posture of the corresponding connection lug plate (101) by driving the adjustment member with reference to the posture of the connection lug plate (101) according to the adjustment signal.

9. A work machine articulation structure, comprising:

a first hinge (1) having two connecting lugs (101) arranged opposite and parallel to each other at one end;

one end of the hinge part II (2) is positioned between the two connecting lug plates (101), and one side of the two connecting lug plates (101) facing the hinge part II (2) is defined as a reference surface (102); and

the hinge pin shaft (3) is fixed on the hinge piece II (2) and two ends of the hinge pin shaft are hinged with the two connecting lug plates (101) respectively;

the anti-wear device comprises two anti-wear pieces (4), one anti-wear piece (4) is arranged between the hinge part II (2) and each connecting lug plate (101), and the two anti-wear pieces (4) are movably sleeved on the hinge pin shaft (3);

the wear prevention device for the hinge structure of the construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A wear prevention method for a hinge structure of an engineering machine, characterized in that it is applied to a wear prevention device for a hinge structure of an engineering machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

detecting whether each anti-wear surface (401) is parallel to the corresponding reference surface (102), and if not, sending out a corresponding adjustment signal;

and driving the adjusting piece to adjust according to the adjusting signal until the corresponding anti-abrasion surface (401) is parallel to the corresponding reference surface (102).