Linkage
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of syndeton, relate in particular to a kind of hinged linkage.
Background technology
The swing arm of digger operating device, dipper, scraper bowl and platform will link together and be free to and rotate, and must rely on linkage to connect to realize; The linkage of most digger operating device is such: have a circular hole and bearing pin to cooperate together on two independent members, one of them member and bearing pin are fixed, this member and bearing pin do not relatively rotate, another member must have relative rotation with bearing pin, the bearing pin of this linkage can not independently be selected with respect to which member to rotate, and bearing pin can not carry out the short-distance movement of axial direction.For example: scraper bowl and bearing pin are fixed together with the assembling mode, and bearing pin also and then rotated when scraper bowl rotated, and wherein bearing pin must have relative rotation with dipper; But there is following shortcoming in this structure: one, digger operating device is when work, and when scraper bowl rotated, bearing pin also and then will rotate; This moment, bearing pin will carry out relative rotation with respect to dipper; Exist very large radial load between bearing pin and the dipper during because of work, bearing pin also exists certain roughness with the contact surface that cooperates of dipper, have resistive torque to exist when namely rotating, its bearing pin will will carry out relative rotation with respect to dipper, must overcome dipper to the resistive torque of bearing pin; When lubricity is not enough, its resistive torque can increase greatly, and the pressing plate of the positioning sleeve circular hole of fixed pin shaft or bearing pin just continue to be impacted for a long time by the dipper resistive torque and makes the circular hole of positioning sleeve become elliptical shape or make the pressing plate fatigue cracking of bearing pin on the scraper bowl like this; And the lining on the dipper is is also worn and torn fast, and makes whole linkage become loosening, noisy, thereby affects operating efficiency or scrap.When two, being subjected to offset loading force work, scraper bowl will have axially movable trend with respect to dipper, and the trend that moves axially of scraper bowl can be limited in the outer face of dipper; But scraper bowl inner face and dipper outer face are the existence that fit-up gap or wearing clearance are arranged, so scraper bowl can be with respect to dipper left or the certain distance (clearance distance) that moves right, until contact with the dipper outer face.Simultaneously in the process that clearance distance moves bearing pin with respect to the dipper lining is also moved axially because the existence of frictional force, thus scraper bowl when moving axially, bearing pin also has the effect of axial force to the lining of dipper; When insufficient lubrication, bearing pin is very large to the effect of the axial force of dipper lining, and circularly to movement and the friction of dipper lining, the lining of dipper will become flexible and wear and tear and come off through long-time.So the shortcoming of this linkage is: application life is short, its lubricating condition requires high, and lining easily weares and teares, loosening outer altering; The positioning sleeve of the fixed pin shaft of the easy distortion of the fixation clip of bearing pin or cracking or scraper bowl easily damages.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to cause the shortcoming of the serious wear between bearing pin and another parts for being fixedly connected with one of in bearing pin in the existing linkage and two articulated elementss and a kind of linkage that weares and teares between bearing pin and two hinge members that reduces is provided.
The present invention is for realizing that the technical scheme that its goal of the invention provides is such: construct a kind of linkage, it comprises the first articulated elements, the second articulated elements, bearing pin, the first articulated elements comprises left hinged seat and right hinged seat, left hinged seat is provided with left circular hole, right hinged seat is provided with right circular hole, the second articulated elements is between left hinged seat and right hinged seat, be provided with middle circular hole on the second articulated elements, left circular hole, middle circular hole, the coaxial setting of right circular hole, interference fit is provided with left lining in left circular hole, interference fit is provided with right lining in the right circular hole, interference fit is provided with middle lining in the middle circular hole, the bearing pin sleeve is at left lining, middle lining, in the endoporus of right lining and with each lining matched in clearance, left lining, right lining, the diameter of bore of middle lining equates, left-external side at left hinged seat is provided with the left limit device that prevents that bearing pin from coming off and from left lining left end, is provided with the right limit device that prevents that bearing pin from coming off and from right lining right-hand member in the right outside side of right hinged seat.In the present invention, bearing pin is not fixedly connected with any one articulated element, and namely it can freely rotate with respect to left lining and right lining, also can rotate with respect to middle lining; Bearing pin with respect to which lining rotates, and depends on the rotational resistance size between lining and the bearing pin; If the rotational resistance between left lining and right lining and the bearing pin is less than the rotational resistance between middle lining and the bearing pin, then bearing pin does not turn with respect to middle lining, and rotate with respect to left lining and right lining, otherwise then rotate with respect to middle lining and do not rotate with respect to left lining and right lining, therefore the bearing pin articulated element that always the auto Select Rotation resistance is less rotates, thereby reduces the wearing and tearing between bearing pin and the lining; Compare with respect to being fixedly connected with one of in bearing pin in the prior art and the first articulated elements, the second articulated elements in addition, increased lining among the present invention, the gross area that bearing pin is contacted with all linings increases, thereby can improve the useful life longevity of lining.
In the present invention, have axial left gap between the left end head of left limit device and bearing pin, have axial right end clearance between the right-hand member head of right limit device and bearing pin.Axial left and right gap makes bearing pin certain Y-axis be arranged to the distance that moves freely with respect to lining; Act on axial force on the lining so that when unbalance loading occurs, reduce bearing pin, thereby reduce lining and the possibility of outward altering loosening with respect to each corresponding circular hole.
In the present invention, the left end of left lining is connected with the contact of left limit device, and the right-hand member of right lining is connected with the contact of right limit device.
In the present invention, in the left gap left back-moving spring can also be set, the right-hand member of left back-moving spring is connected with the contact of the left end of bearing pin, the left end of left back-moving spring is connected with the contact of left limit device, right back-moving spring is set in the right end clearance, the left end of right back-moving spring is connected with the contact of the right-hand member of bearing pin, and the right-hand member of right back-moving spring is connected with the contact of right limit device.Like this after the load on the bearing pin is eliminated, left and right sides back-moving spring can be so that bearing pin comes back to meta, is unlikely to make bearing pin to affect moving freely of bearing pin at left or right extreme position.The right-hand member of left back-moving spring simultaneously is connected the left end contact with the left end of left lining and is connected with bearing pin further, the left end of right back-moving spring simultaneously and the right-hand member of right lining be connected the right-hand member contact with bearing pin and be connected, this is equivalent to limit in the stroke to left and right sides spring, avoids the right difference of elasticity of left and right sides back-moving spring and causes bearing pin to depart from the center.Can also in left circular hole, be provided with in addition the left limit step that the left lining of restriction is moved to the left, in right circular hole, be provided with the right limit step that the right lining of restriction moves right.
In the present invention, distance between left circular hole, the relative outer end of right circular hole is greater than the axial length of bearing pin, this so that bearing pin be in fully in left circular hole, middle circular hole, the formed tubular space of right circular hole, does not protrude at two ends, be convenient to the relative outer end sealing of left and right sides circular hole, prevent that foreign material from entering into the gap between bearing pin and the lining.
In the present invention, the left limit device is the left cover that covers left circular hole left end, the right limit device is the right cover plate that covers right circular hole right-hand member, left and right cover plate is outside the position-limiting action that plays bearing pin, can also play the effect of sealing, prevent that foreign material from entering into the gap between bearing pin and the lining from two ends and cause increasing wearing and tearing between lining and the bearing pin.Further, left cover, right cover plate are fixedly connected with like this easy disassembly and maintenance with corresponding left hinged seat, right hinged seat by bolt.
In the present invention, the second articulated elements both ends of the surface are provided with annular V-shaped groove with left hinged seat, the right hinged seat place of matching, and are provided with sealing ring in the V-shaped groove of annular.Sealing ring can prevent that foreign material from entering into the gap between bearing pin and the lining from the first articulated elements and the second articulated elements cooperation place and cause increasing wearing and tearing between lining and the bearing pin.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage: bearing pin is not fixed with any one member, and namely it can freely rotate with respect to the first articulated elements or the second articulated elements; Bearing pin is always with respect to relatively rotating to the little member of bearing pin rotational resistance, also can carry out moving axially about suitable, thereby can reduce wearing and tearing between bearing pin and the lining, the application life of improving associated components.Increased simultaneously lining, so that increase the application life of lining.
Description of drawings
Cross-sectional view when Fig. 1 is linkage the first embodiment of the present invention;
Cross-sectional view when Fig. 2 is linkage the second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that linkage the second embodiment of the present invention is used for the connection diagram between excavator boom and scraper bowl.
Component title and sequence number among the figure:
Left cover 1, right cover plate 2, left hinged seat 3, right hinged seat 4, the second articulated elements 5, bearing pin 6, left lining 7, right lining 8, middle lining 9, bolt 10, sealing ring 11, left back-moving spring 12, right back-moving spring 13, dipper 14, scraper bowl 15, linkwork 16.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the description of drawings specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, linkage comprises the first articulated elements, the second articulated elements 5, bearing pin 6, the first articulated elements comprises left hinged seat 3 and right hinged seat 4, left hinged seat 3 is provided with left circular hole, right hinged seat 4 is provided with right circular hole, the second articulated elements 5 is between left hinged seat 3 and right hinged seat 4, be provided with middle circular hole on the second articulated elements 5, left circular hole, middle circular hole, the coaxial setting of right circular hole, interference fit is provided with left lining 7 in left circular hole, interference fit is provided with right lining 8 in the right circular hole, interference fit is provided with middle lining 9 in the middle circular hole, middle lining 9 numbers are two, be separately positioned on the two ends of middle circular hole, bearing pin 6 sleeves are at left lining 7, middle lining 9, in the endoporus of right lining 8, and with each lining matched in clearance, left circular hole, distance between the relative outer end of right circular hole is greater than the axial length of bearing pin 6, so that bearing pin 6 is in left lining fully, middle lining, in the formed tubular space of right lining circular hole, does not protrude at two ends, left end at left circular hole is installed with left cover 1 by bolt 10, the right-hand member of right circular hole is installed with right cover plate 2 by bolt 10, left cover 1, right cover plate 2 not only plays the effect of sealing plate, seal the left end of left circular hole and the right-hand member of right circular hole, prevent that foreign material from entering into bearing pin 6 and left lining 7, in the gap between the right lining 8 and reduce bearing pin 6 and left lining 7, the wearing and tearing that right lining is 8; Left cover 1, right cover plate 2 also play the effect of stopping means simultaneously, prevent that bearing pin 6 from axially coming off from left lining 7 or right lining 8 are interior, gap between bearing pin 6 two ends and left and right sides cover plate 1, the right cover plate 2 is so that bearing pin 6 also can have certain mobile space at its left and right sides axial direction, when unbalance loading occurs, reduce bearing pin 6 and act on axial force on each lining, thereby reduce each lining and possibility of outward altering loosening with respect to each corresponding circular hole.The left end of left lining 7 is connected with left cover 1 contact, and the right-hand member of right lining is connected with 2 contacts of right cover plate.The second articulated elements 5 both ends of the surface are provided with annular V-shaped groove with left hinged seat 3, right hinged seat 4 places of matching, and are provided with sealing ring 11 in the V-shaped groove of annular.Sealing ring 11 can prevent that foreign material from entering into the gap between bearing pin and the lining from the first articulated elements and the second articulated elements 5 cooperation places and cause increasing wearing and tearing between lining and the bearing pin.
In the present embodiment, bearing pin 6 is not fixedly connected with any one articulated elements, and namely it can freely rotate with respect to left lining 7 and right lining 8, can rotate with respect to middle lining 9 yet; Bearing pin 6 with respect to which lining rotates, and depends on the rotational resistance size between each lining and the bearing pin 6; If the rotational resistance between left lining 7 and right lining 8 and the bearing pin 6 is less than the rotational resistance between middle lining 9 and the bearing pin 6, then bearing pin 6 does not turn with respect to middle lining 9, and rotate with respect to left lining 7 and right lining 8, otherwise then rotate and do not rotate with respect to left lining 7 and right lining 8 with respect to middle lining 9, therefore bearing pin 6 member that always the auto Select Rotation resistance is less relatively rotates, thereby reduces the wearing and tearing between bearing pin 6 and the lining; Compare with respect to being fixedly connected with one of in bearing pin in the prior art and the first articulated elements, the second articulated elements in addition, increased lining among the present invention, the gross area that bearing pin is contacted with all linings increases, thereby can improve the useful life longevity of lining.Linkwork in the present embodiment can be used for multiple occasion, hinged between the swing arm of excavator and revolving dial for example, and this moment, the first articulated elements was revolving dial, the second articulated elements then is the lower hinged end of swing arm.Articulated structure in the present embodiment also can be used for hinged between dipper and the swing arm.
Embodiment 2
Shown in Figure 3 such as Fig. 2, compare with the linkwork among the embodiment 1, its difference is in the linkwork in the present embodiment, be provided with left back-moving spring 12 and right back-moving spring 13 at the two ends of bearing pin 6, the left end of left back-moving spring 12 is connected with left cover 1 contact, the left end of the right-hand member of left back-moving spring and bearing pin 6, the left end of left lining contacts connection simultaneously, the right-hand member of the left end of right back-moving spring 13 and bearing pin 6, the right-hand member of right lining contacts connection simultaneously, right-hand member is connected with the contact of right cover plate, be that left back-moving spring 12 is limited between left cover 1 and the left lining 7, right back-moving spring 13 is limited between right cover plate 2 and the right lining 8, its range is restricted, and bearing pin departs from meta when there is elastic difference in left and right sides back-moving spring to avoid.Simultaneously bearing pin 6 is because of after unbalance loading moves axially, bearing pin is understood the corresponding back-moving spring of compression on its moving direction, when the external force on acting on bearing pin 6 is eliminated, compressed back-moving spring can be so that bearing pin 6 comes back to meta, the right-hand member that is left back-moving spring contacts with the left end of bearing pin, left end and the position that the right-hand member of bearing pin contacts of right back-moving spring, be unlikely to make bearing pin 6 about extreme position and affect moving freely of bearing pin.Linkwork 16 in the present embodiment can be used for dipper 14 and the scraper bowl 15 in the connecting excavator, and wherein the first articulated elements is that scraper bowl 15, the second articulated elementss are lower hinged ends of dipper 14.