CN116416794A - Method for judging secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition at crosswalk without signal control - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for judging a secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition at a crosswalk without signal control, which comprises the following steps: firstly, discussing the premise of controlling the setting condition of the pedestrian secondary crossing at the crosswalk without a signal; secondly, determining the first-time crossing and the second-time crossing safety crossing gaps of pedestrians; then, calculating delays generated by the first street crossing and the second street crossing of pedestrians respectively, and drawing a flow change curve chart of random motor vehicle of the pedestrian street crossing delays; and finally, determining the pedestrian waiting limit tolerance value, and obtaining the corresponding motor vehicle flow corresponding to the primary street crossing and the secondary street crossing delay of the corresponding pedestrians to obtain the secondary street crossing setting condition of the pedestrians at the pedestrian crosswalk without signal control. The invention simplifies the setting of the judging condition of the pedestrian secondary crossing at the pedestrian crossing without signal control from the psychological aspect of pedestrian crossing waiting, and provides a thought for guaranteeing the pedestrian crossing safety at the pedestrian crossing at the non-signal control road section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pedestrian crossing traffic safety, in particular to a method for judging secondary crossing setting conditions of pedestrians at a crosswalk without signal control.
Background
The pedestrian crossing road has no independent right of way, so that collision between the pedestrian and the vehicle frequently occurs, the safety of crossing is difficult to ensure, and the pedestrian accident is frequent, so that huge economic loss is brought, and the pedestrian crossing is at higher safety risk.
The no-signal control of whether the pedestrian crosses the pedestrian at the crosswalk is determined according to the time interval of observing the vehicle, the vehicle speed and the limit waiting time of the pedestrian. Under normal conditions, when the vehicle clearance is large and the vehicle running speed is not high, the pedestrian crossing safety risk is small, the pedestrian feels safe, and the pedestrian can select to directly cross the street; when the vehicle clearance is small or the vehicle running speed is high, the pedestrian can choose to continue waiting for the proper passing clearance; when the vehicle clearance is small and the pedestrian waiting time exceeds a certain limit, the pedestrian does not choose to continue waiting for the proper vehicle clearance even though the vehicle clearance is small, and the pedestrian directly crosses the street at a safety risk. In other words, when the traffic flow is large, it is difficult for the pedestrian to find a proper safety crossing gap, and the waiting time of the pedestrian exceeds the waiting limit tolerance value, the pedestrian will not continue waiting and will force to cross the street, and the safety risk of the pedestrian crossing the street is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a method for judging the condition of the secondary pedestrian crossing at the pedestrian crossing without signal control, which can reasonably evaluate the condition of the secondary pedestrian crossing at the pedestrian crossing without signal control according to actual conditions and reduce the risk of crossing at the pedestrian crossing without signal control.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a method for judging a secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition at a crosswalk without signal control, which comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating the actual traffic capacity of the pedestrian crossing at the pedestrian crosswalk of the no-signal control road section according to the premise of no-signal control of the secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition at the pedestrian crosswalk, and comparing the relationship between the actual traffic capacity of the pedestrian crossing and the actual arrival flow of the pedestrian;
s2, calculating a first-time street crossing safety crossing gap and a second-time street crossing safety crossing gap of the pedestrians by researching the influence of the number of motor vehicle lanes, the lane width, the pedestrian crossing speed and the pedestrian crossing process on the pedestrian searching street crossing gap under the interference of other factors;
s3, carrying a pedestrian delay expression according to the pedestrian crossing safety crossing gap determined in the step S2, and calculating primary crossing pedestrian delay and secondary crossing pedestrian delay;
s4, drawing a curve graph of pedestrian crossing delay random motor vehicle flow change according to the primary crossing pedestrian delay and the secondary crossing pedestrian delay expression obtained in the step S3, and analyzing curve characteristics;
s5, determining a pedestrian waiting limit tolerance value;
and S6, introducing the pedestrian crossing waiting limit tolerance value into a pedestrian crossing delay curve, and obtaining the motor vehicle flow corresponding to the primary crossing of the pedestrian and the motor vehicle flow corresponding to the secondary crossing of the pedestrian, thereby obtaining the pedestrian secondary crossing setting condition at the pedestrian crosswalk without signal control.
In step S1, the precondition that the no-signal control is performed on the setting condition of the pedestrian secondary crossing at the crosswalk is that the actual arrival flow of the pedestrian at the crosswalk is smaller than the actual traffic capacity of the pedestrian crossing;
the specific calculation method of the actual traffic capacity of the pedestrian crossing is as follows:
in v Human body The actual walking speed of pedestrians crossing the street is expressed as m/s; l is the length of the crosswalk, and the unit is m; b is the width of the effective crosswalk, and the unit is m; b, taking 1m; n (N) Damage to The traffic capacity loss caused by two conditions of waiting for the safety crossing gap of the bidirectional pedestrians and no pedestrians to reach the safety crossing gap is ped/h; lambda (lambda) c The unit is vehicle/s; lambda (lambda) p The pedestrian arrival rate is the unit of people/s; τ is the time required for a pedestrian to cross a street in s.
Further, in step S2, the expression of the pedestrian crossing the gap at a time is:
the pedestrian secondary street crossing safety crossing gap is:
wherein h and h' are respectively the workshop time interval required by the primary street crossing safety crossing of the pedestrian and the workshop time interval required by the secondary street crossing safety crossing of the pedestrian, and the unit is s; n is the total number of bidirectional motor lanes;
d is the width of a motor vehicle lane, and is 3.25-3.75 m; v (v) Human body The pedestrian crossing walking speed is in m/s; n is the number of unidirectional pedestrian crossing lines; t is the time interval between continuous pedestrian flows, and the unit is s; r is the time required by pedestrians to observe traffic flow conditions and judge workshop safety gaps, and the unit is s; y is the time increased by the first row of pedestrians after being interfered by the opposite pedestrians in the crossing process, the unit is s, and Y is not more than 0.2s; i is the time for passing the length of the car body.
Further, in step S3, the expression of one-time pedestrian delay across the street:
expression of secondary pedestrian delay across street:
wherein D, D' is a primary pedestrian delay and a secondary pedestrian delay, respectively, and the unit is s; q Machine for making food The unit of the total flow of the motor vehicles in all lanes is pcu/h; q Machine 1 、q Machine 2 Respectively, two-way motor vehicle flow and q Machine for making food ＝q Machine 1 +q Machine 2 The unit is pcu/h; h is the safe crossing gap of the pedestrian crossing, and the unit is s.
Further, in step S4, a pedestrian crossing delay-motor vehicle flow relation curve is drawn according to the determined first-crossing pedestrian safety crossing gap, the second-crossing pedestrian safety crossing gap, and the determined first-crossing pedestrian delay and the second-crossing pedestrian delay.
Further, in step S5, the maximum acceptable waiting time for pedestrians at the pedestrian crossing without signal control is determined as the pedestrian waiting limit tolerance value according to the pedestrian crossing position, the road property, the road traffic, the motor vehicle speed, the road width, the pedestrian attribute and the trip purpose.
Further, in step S6, the pedestrian waiting limit tolerance value is brought into the primary pedestrian delay expression and the secondary pedestrian delay expression to obtain the corresponding vehicle flow q for the corresponding primary pedestrian delay Machine for making food ' flow q of motor vehicle corresponding to secondary pedestrian delay Machine for making food ″；
When the road motor vehicle flow is q Machine for making food ′～q Machine for making food In the range, the secondary pedestrian crossing should be set, so that the waiting time of the pedestrian crossing is in the limit tolerance value range;
when the road motor vehicle flow is smaller than q Machine for making food When' is needed, no secondary pedestrian crossing is needed;
when the flow of the road motor vehicle is greater than q Machine for making food "when, the pedestrian crossing signal control is considered to be set.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable effects:
1. when the pedestrian secondary street crossing setting condition is considered, not only the motor vehicle flow is considered, but also the pedestrian street crossing waiting psychology is considered, and the secondary street crossing setting condition analysis is performed from the pedestrian street crossing requirement, so that the pedestrian street crossing behavior is more reasonable and reliable and is close to the pedestrian street crossing behavior under the actual condition;
2. the judging method provided by the invention provides wider judging conditions for setting the secondary pedestrian crossing at the pedestrian crossing without signal control, is favorable for simplifying the judging conditions, and ensures the pedestrian crossing safety at the pedestrian crossing at the non-signal control road section from the psychological aspect of pedestrian crossing waiting; the discrimination method is simple and practical.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general flow diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph of pedestrian crossing delay versus motor vehicle flow in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The present invention will be further elucidated below in conjunction with the drawings and detailed description, the described embodiments being only a part of, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
According to the field investigation, the embodiment obtains that the actual arrival flow of pedestrians at a pedestrian crossing of a certain non-signal control road section is 450ped/h, the arrival rate of the pedestrians is about 0.125ped/s, the flow rate of the motor vehicles is 1400pcu/h, the arrival rate of the motor vehicles is about 0.39pcu/s, the effective pedestrian crossing has the width of 3m, the length of 14m, the number of lanes is two-way 4 lanes, the width of each lane is 3.5m, and the street crossing speed v of the pedestrians is 3.5m Human body =1.2m/s, and the crosswalk people all pass through in a single row.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for judging the secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition comprises the following steps:
step 1, discussing the premise of no-signal control pedestrian secondary crossing setting condition at the pedestrian crossing, calculating the actual pedestrian crossing traffic capacity at the pedestrian crossing of the no-signal control road section, and comparing the relationship between the actual pedestrian crossing traffic capacity and the actual pedestrian arrival flow. When the actual arrival flow of pedestrians at the crosswalk is smaller than the actual traffic capacity of pedestrians, the premise of researching the setting condition of no-signal control pedestrian secondary crossing at the crosswalk is provided. When the actual flow of pedestrians reaches the road traffic capacity, pedestrian crossing signal control needs to be arranged at the crosswalk.
The specific calculation method of the actual pedestrian crossing capacity at the pedestrian crosswalk of the no-signal control road section is as follows:
wherein: v (v) Human body For the actual walking speed of pedestrians crossing the street, m/s, the method is to conduct field investigation or select according to the characteristics of pedestrians; l is the length of the crosswalk and m; b is the width of the effective crosswalk, m; b (assuming that the crosswalk is divided into a plurality of pedestrian passages), generally taking 1m; n (N) Damage to The traffic capacity loss caused by two conditions of waiting for the safety crossing gap of the bidirectional pedestrians and no pedestrians to reach the safety crossing gap is ped/h; lambda (lambda) c Vehicle arrival rate, vehicle/s; lambda (lambda) p The pedestrian arrival rate is the pedestrian arrival rate, and people/s can be obtained through investigation; τ is the time required for a pedestrian to cross a street, s.
Therefore, the actual traffic capacity of the pedestrians crossing the street is larger than the actual arrival flow of the pedestrians, and the premise of discussing the condition that no signal is used for controlling the pedestrians to cross the street for the second time is met.
And 2, calculating a first-time street crossing safety crossing gap and a second-time street crossing safety crossing gap of the pedestrian.
In a section without signal control, pedestrian crossing delay mainly consists of two parts: the waiting time required by pedestrians to wait for the motor vehicle to safely pass through the gap and the reduction of the pedestrian pace caused by the overlarge density of the pedestrian flow; the study on the pedestrian crossing delay can be carried out by analyzing the safety crossing gaps of the motor vehicles waiting by the pedestrians, and the primary crossing and the secondary crossing safety crossing gaps of the pedestrians are calculated by studying the influence of the number of motor vehicles, the lane width, the pedestrian crossing speed, the pedestrian crossing process on the pedestrian crossing gap which is interfered by other factors and the like on the search of the pedestrian crossing gap.
The calculation of the first pedestrian crossing gap and the second pedestrian crossing gap is carried out by applying the formulas (4) and (5), and the specific calculation method is as follows:
the pedestrian passes through the street safety crossing gap once is:
the pedestrian secondary street crossing safety crossing gap is:
wherein: h. h' is the workshop time interval required by the first-time street crossing of the pedestrian and the workshop time interval required by the second-time street crossing of the pedestrian, s; n is the total number of bidirectional motor lanes;
d is the width of a motor vehicle lane, generally taking 3.25-3.75 m, and taking 3.5m in the embodiment; v (v) Human body For the pedestrian crossing walking speed, m/s, usually 1.2m/s; n is the number of unidirectional pedestrian crossing lines; t is the time interval between continuous pedestrian flows, and is generally 0.83s; r is pedestrian traffic flow observation condition and workshop safety clearance judgmentTaking 1s for the required time; y is the time increased after the first row of pedestrians are interfered by the opposite pedestrians in the crossing process, Y is not more than 0.2s, and taking Y=0.2 s in consideration of the worst condition; i is the time for which the length of the car body passes, taking a standard car i=0.72 s.
The pedestrian is obtained to pass through the street safety crossing gap once:
pedestrian secondary crossing safety crossing gap:
and step 3, carrying the pedestrian through the gap according to the pedestrian crossing safety determined in the step 2 to a pedestrian delay formula, and calculating delays generated by the primary crossing and the secondary crossing of the pedestrian. And (3) carrying out primary pedestrian delay and secondary pedestrian delay calculation by using a formula (6) and a formula (7), wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
one-time pedestrian crossing delays:
secondary pedestrian crossing delay:
wherein: D. d' is a primary pedestrian delay and a secondary pedestrian delay, s; q Machine for making food Pcu/h for total flow of all lane motor vehicles; q Machine 1 、q Machine 2 Respectively, two-way motor vehicle flow and q Machine for making food ＝q Machine 1 +q Machine 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the h is the safety crossing gap of pedestrian crossing, s.
Step 4, carrying the primary pedestrian delay and the secondary pedestrian delay obtained in the step 3 into the specificAnd (5) carrying out curve simulation on the road motor vehicle flow value. Assuming the bi-directional motor vehicle flows are the same, i.e
q Machine for making food The value range is 100-2000 pcu/h. And carrying out corresponding pedestrian crossing safety crossing gaps and motor vehicle flow to obtain primary crossing pedestrian delay and secondary crossing pedestrian delay, wherein a simulated pedestrian crossing delay-motor vehicle flow relation curve is shown in figure 2.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the waiting time of the pedestrian crossing can be effectively reduced by setting the pedestrian to cross the street twice, and especially when the bidirectional motor vehicle flow is more than 1000pcu/h, the pedestrian delay of the first crossing is obviously larger than that of the second crossing.
And 5, determining the maximum acceptable waiting time of pedestrians at the pedestrian crossing without signal control, namely, the pedestrian waiting limit tolerance value, wherein the pedestrian waiting limit tolerance value is related to traffic environments such as the position of the pedestrian crossing, the road property, the road traffic volume, the speed of a motor vehicle, the road width and the like, is also related to various factors such as the attribute of the pedestrians, the purpose of traveling and the like, and generally takes 30-45 s according to the condition of field investigation, and the embodiment takes 35s.
Step 6, the pedestrian crossing waiting limit tolerance value is introduced into a pedestrian crossing delay-motor vehicle flow relation curve to obtain the corresponding motor vehicle flow q of the corresponding primary crossing pedestrian delay Machine for making food ' flow q of motor vehicle corresponding to secondary pedestrian delay Machine for making food And obtaining the setting condition of no signal for controlling the secondary pedestrian crossing at the crosswalk.
When the road motor vehicle flow is within the above-identified motor vehicle flow range (i.e., q Machine for making food ′～q Machine for making food Within the range), the secondary pedestrian crossing should be set, so that the pedestrian crossing waiting time is within the limit tolerance value range;
when the traffic flow of the road motor vehicle is smaller than the traffic flow q corresponding to the delay of the pedestrian crossing once Machine for making food When' is needed, no secondary pedestrian crossing is needed;
when the traffic flow of the road motor vehicle is greater than the traffic flow q of the motor vehicle corresponding to the delay of the secondary pedestrian crossing Machine for making food In the process of setting the pedestrian crossing signal control, the pedestrian waiting time cannot be smaller than the tolerance limit tolerance value of the pedestrians and the like even if the pedestrians cross the street for the second time, and the pedestrian crossing signal control is considered to ensure the safety of the pedestrians.
In the case of a bidirectional 4-lane vehicle, when the delay of a pedestrian crossing is 35s, the corresponding bidirectional motor vehicle flow is about 600pcu/h; when the delay of the secondary pedestrian crossing is 35s, the corresponding bidirectional motor vehicle flow is about 1900pcu/h.
Thus, in road conditions of two-way 4 lanes, the lane width is 3.5m; under the condition that the limit tolerance of pedestrians is 35s, when the flow of the bidirectional motor vehicle is 600-1900 pcu/h, the pedestrian crossing waiting time can be reduced by setting the pedestrian crossing at the no-signal control pedestrian crossing, and the pedestrian crossing waiting time is smaller than the waiting limit tolerance value; when the bidirectional motor vehicle flow is smaller than 600puc/h, the pedestrian waiting time is smaller than the pedestrian crossing waiting limit tolerance value, so that the pedestrian crossing requirement is met; when the bidirectional motor vehicle flow is greater than 1900puc/h, the waiting time of pedestrians cannot be smaller than the waiting limit tolerance value even if the pedestrian is set to cross the street twice, and the pedestrian crossing signal control is considered to be set at the moment so as to ensure the safety of the pedestrian crossing. Since the actual flow rate of the motor vehicle obtained by investigation in the implementation case is 1400puc/h and is in the range of 600-1900 pcu/h, a pedestrian secondary street crossing should be arranged at the pedestrian crosswalk.
Claims (7)
1. A method for judging the setting condition of a pedestrian secondary crossing at a crosswalk without signal control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, calculating the actual traffic capacity of the pedestrian crossing at the pedestrian crosswalk of the no-signal control road section according to the premise of no-signal control of the secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition at the pedestrian crosswalk, and comparing the relationship between the actual traffic capacity of the pedestrian crossing and the actual arrival flow of the pedestrian;
s2, calculating a first-time street crossing safety crossing gap and a second-time street crossing safety crossing gap of the pedestrians by researching the influence of the number of motor vehicle lanes, the lane width, the pedestrian crossing speed and the pedestrian crossing process on the pedestrian searching street crossing gap under the interference of other factors;
s3, carrying a pedestrian delay expression according to the pedestrian crossing safety crossing gap determined in the step S2, and calculating primary crossing pedestrian delay and secondary crossing pedestrian delay;
s4, drawing a curve graph of pedestrian crossing delay random motor vehicle flow change according to the primary crossing pedestrian delay and the secondary crossing pedestrian delay expression obtained in the step S3, and analyzing curve characteristics;
s5, determining a pedestrian waiting limit tolerance value;
and S6, introducing the pedestrian crossing waiting limit tolerance value into a pedestrian crossing delay curve, and obtaining the motor vehicle flow corresponding to the primary crossing of the pedestrian and the motor vehicle flow corresponding to the secondary crossing of the pedestrian, thereby obtaining the pedestrian secondary crossing setting condition at the pedestrian crosswalk without signal control.
2. The method for judging the secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition at the crosswalk without signal control according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the condition of the secondary pedestrian crossing setting at the crosswalk without signal control is that the actual arrival flow of the pedestrian at the crosswalk is smaller than the actual pedestrian crossing traffic capacity;
the specific calculation method of the actual traffic capacity of the pedestrian crossing is as follows:
in v Human body The actual walking speed of pedestrians crossing the street is expressed as m/s; l is the length of the crosswalk, and the unit is m; b is the width of the effective crosswalk, and the unit is m; b, taking 1m; n (N) Damage to Is bidirectionalThe pedestrian waits for the loss of the traffic capacity caused by the two conditions of the safety crossing gap and no pedestrian reaching the safety crossing gap, wherein the unit is ped/h; lambda (lambda) c The unit is vehicle/s; lambda (lambda) p The pedestrian arrival rate is the unit of people/s; τ is the time required for a pedestrian to cross a street in s.
3. The method for judging the secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition at the crosswalk without signal control according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the expression of the primary pedestrian crossing safety crossing gap is:
the pedestrian secondary street crossing safety crossing gap is:
wherein h and h' are respectively the workshop time interval required by the primary street crossing safety crossing of the pedestrian and the workshop time interval required by the secondary street crossing safety crossing of the pedestrian, and the unit is s; n is the total number of bidirectional motor lanes;
d is the width of a motor vehicle lane, and is 3.25-3.75 m; v (v) Human body The pedestrian crossing walking speed is in m/s; n is the number of unidirectional pedestrian crossing lines; t is the time interval between continuous pedestrian flows, and the unit is s; r is the time required by pedestrians to observe traffic flow conditions and judge workshop safety gaps, and the unit is s; y is the time increased by the first row of pedestrians after being interfered by the opposite pedestrians in the crossing process, the unit is s, and Y is not more than 0.2s; i is the time for passing the length of the car body.
4. The method for discriminating a secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition at a crosswalk without signal control as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step S3, the expression of the primary pedestrian crossing delay is:
expression of secondary pedestrian delay across street:
wherein D, D' is a primary pedestrian delay and a secondary pedestrian delay, respectively, and the unit is s; q Machine for making food The unit of the total flow of the motor vehicles in all lanes is pcu/h; q Machine 1 、q Machine 2 Respectively, two-way motor vehicle flow and q Machine for making food ＝q Machine 1 +q Machine 2 The unit is pcu/h; h is the safe crossing gap of the pedestrian crossing, and the unit is s.
5. The method for judging the secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition at the crosswalk without signal control according to claim 3, wherein in the step S4, a pedestrian crossing delay-motor vehicle flow relation curve is drawn according to the determined primary pedestrian crossing safety crossing gap, the pedestrian secondary crossing safety crossing gap, the determined primary crossing pedestrian delay and the determined secondary crossing pedestrian delay.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the maximum acceptable waiting time for pedestrians at the crosswalk without signal control is determined as the pedestrian waiting limit tolerance value according to the crosswalk position, the road property, the road traffic, the vehicle speed, the road width, the pedestrian property, and the traveling purpose.
7. The method for judging the secondary pedestrian crossing setting condition at the crosswalk without signal control as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S6, the pedestrian waiting limit is setThe tolerance value is brought into a primary pedestrian crossing delay expression and a secondary pedestrian crossing delay expression to obtain the corresponding motor vehicle flow q of the corresponding primary pedestrian crossing delay Machine for making food ' flow q of motor vehicle corresponding to secondary pedestrian delay Machine for making food ″；
When the road motor vehicle flow is q Machine for making food ′～q Machine for making food In the range, the secondary pedestrian crossing should be set, so that the waiting time of the pedestrian crossing is in the limit tolerance value range;
when the road motor vehicle flow is smaller than q Machine for making food When' is needed, no secondary pedestrian crossing is needed;
when the flow of the road motor vehicle is greater than q Machine for making food "when, the pedestrian crossing signal control is considered to be set.
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| 杨晓芳;韩印;付强;马晓旦;: "无信号控制路段行人过街管理策略研究", 计算机工程与应用, no. 09 * |
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| CN116416794B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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