CN116343474B - Expressway bottleneck dynamic prediction method and system based on microscopic traffic simulation - Google Patents
Expressway bottleneck dynamic prediction method and system based on microscopic traffic simulation Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The application discloses a dynamic prediction method and a dynamic prediction system for highway bottlenecks based on microscopic traffic simulation. The method comprises the steps of drawing a basic road section and a ramp road section of the expressway in a Vissim; determining the input of the traffic flow and the vehicle flow direction proportion of the highway network; using section detector in vissims, road section detector and vehicle detector to evaluate and output data; the bottleneck point of the whole expressway is identified by combining a bottleneck identification technology and an online simulator, and the state of the future bottleneck point is estimated according to the predicted future traffic demand; ramp control, variable speed limit control, and lane management are set by vissims. By means of the scheme, accuracy of highway bottleneck prediction can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to the field of traffic technology. More particularly, the invention relates to a dynamic prediction method and a dynamic prediction system for a bottleneck of an expressway based on microscopic traffic simulation.
Background
Various traffic operation analyses can be performed in the traffic technology field by using a VISSIM microscopic traffic flow simulation software system. The traffic running conditions under various conditions such as lane types, traffic compositions, traffic signal control, stop-and-let control and the like are analyzed, evaluated, a traffic network is optimized, and design schemes are compared. Along with the rapid advancing urban process, the uncoordinated contradiction between traffic demand and traffic supply is increasingly deepened, and the traffic bottleneck refers to a road section where traffic jam is easy to occur. The frequent congestion on the expressway is mainly the sudden decrease of traffic capacity caused by the confluence and diversion of vehicles at the junction of a main line and a ramp.
In the prior art, traffic bottleneck prediction often depends on complex mathematical deduction, and has large calculation amount and no precision. Therefore, how to find a highway bottleneck prediction method with both accuracy and efficiency, so as to formulate a reasonable management and control scheme and improve the traffic safety level becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to at least solve the technical problems described in the background art section, the invention provides a dynamic expressway bottleneck prediction method and a dynamic expressway bottleneck prediction system based on microscopic traffic simulation. By utilizing the scheme of the invention, aiming at the congestion situation of the main line-ramp, the real road network condition is simulated by building the on-line simulator of the vissims by means of the bottleneck recognition technology, the whole high-speed bottleneck point is recognized by giving future traffic demands or predicted traffic demands for a period of time in the future, dynamic prediction is realized, and reasonable management and control measures are formulated to relieve negative effects. In view of this, the present invention provides a solution in a number of aspects as follows.
The first aspect of the invention provides a dynamic prediction method for highway bottlenecks based on microscopic traffic simulation, which comprises the following steps: step A: drawing a basic road section and a ramp road section of the expressway in the Vissim, so that the drawing result is consistent with the actual road condition; and (B) step (B): according to the real-time input condition of the vehicles of the expressway collected by the collector, determining the input of the traffic flow and the vehicle flow direction proportion of the expressway network; the method comprises the steps that real-time input conditions of vehicles in all merging areas of a highway are considered, meanwhile, the hour traffic flows of trucks and private vehicles are considered, the total input of vehicles of two types in vissims is taken as the total input of the vehicles of the two types, and in a path decision module in the vissims, the flow direction proportion of the vehicles is established according to the flow dividing conditions of the vehicles in all dividing areas of the highway; step C: using section detector in vissims, road section detector and vehicle detector to evaluate and output data; the section detector is used for collecting traffic information of a certain section of a road section, the road section detector is used for outputting related information of a specified road section, and the vehicle detector is used for acquiring track data based on individuals; step D: combining a bottleneck recognition technology and an online simulator, recognizing a bottleneck point of the whole expressway through given traffic demands, and evaluating a state of the bottleneck point in the future according to predicted future traffic demands; the traffic demand refers to traffic volume input of each road entrance and traffic volume output of each intercommunication; step E: by arranging ramp control, variable speed limit control, lane management and other management and control equipment in the vissims, the negative influence on traffic flow caused by highway congestion or accidents is relieved; the ramp control is completed by setting a signal lamp, the lane speed limit control is completed by setting a vehicle speed limit sign on a specified road section, and the lane management is completed by setting a control mode on the road section.
In one embodiment, the drawing of the basic road section and the ramp road section of the expressway includes; and (3) importing the drawn base road network Cad base map into Vissim, drawing all the base road sections after setting a scale, limiting the passable vehicles and the speed, and drawing the ramp road sections.
In one embodiment, the step a includes the steps of:
step A1: drawing all basic road sections on the expressway according to the road section drawing function in the Vissim, wherein the specific road number is determined by the road width provided by Cad; meanwhile, vehicles which can pass through the road are limited, the road attribute is set, the passing of pedestrians, buses and bicycles on the road is forbidden, and only private vehicles and trucks can pass through; the passing speed fluctuation range is calibrated by the speed distribution of the free flow condition, and the maximum speed limit is not exceeded; step A2: setting a converging ramp in the simulator, comprising: (1) Determining the number i of lanes of the converging ramp and the number j of lanes of the main line, and respectively drawing a basic road section according to the Cad base map; (2) Drawing i+j lanes and a road section with the length L on a main line, wherein the road section is related to the length of an acceleration road section in the actual situation, connecting a ramp with a corresponding right-side road by adopting a road section connector, and connecting the main line lane with a corresponding left-side road; (3) Drawing a basic road section of a main line j lane after the accelerating lane is finished, correspondingly connecting a main line road with a main line road by adopting a road section connector, and respectively connecting the accelerating lane with a road near the right side of the main line lane; step A3: setting a shunt ramp in the simulator, comprising: (1) Determining the number i of lanes of the diversion ramp and the number j of lanes of the main line, and respectively drawing a basic road section according to the Cad base map; (2) Drawing i+j lanes and a section with the length L on a main line, wherein the section is related to the length of a speed reduction lane section in the actual situation, connecting the main line road with the main line road, and simultaneously connecting the right side of the main line road with a corresponding speed reduction lane by adopting a connecting section; (3) At the tail end of the speed reduction lane, the speed reduction lanes are respectively connected with the split ramp, and the main line lane is connected with the main line lane.
In one embodiment, the step B includes the steps of: step B1: according to the flow ratio of two vehicle types independently provided by the detector, inputting the hour traffic flow of private vehicles and trucks; step B2: and acquiring the total number N of vehicles at a certain time interval when the vehicles are not split, wherein the total number N1 and N2 of vehicles on the split ramp and the downstream main line are obtained, the ratio of the split path direction at the current moment is N1/N, and the flow ratio of the main line section is N2/N.
In one embodiment, the step C includes the steps of: step C1: setting a section detector of a specific road section according to actual requirements for the basic road section; the section detector of the converging region is arranged on the converging ramp, inside the converging region, on the upstream road section of the converging region and on the downstream road section of the converging region; the section detector of the shunting area is positioned at the upstream of the shunting area, the inside of the shunting area and the downstream of the shunting ramp and the shunting area; step C2: the road sections to be detected are independently set, the starting point of the road section detector is a red line section, the end point of the road section detector is a green line section, and the middle of the road section detector is a road section to be evaluated; step C3: and starting the vehicle recording module, and selecting the road section to be analyzed, so that the statistical data of the vehicle at fixed time intervals can be obtained.
In one embodiment, the step D includes the steps of: step D1: taking the traffic volume of each road entrance as the vehicle input in the Vissim; step D2: the output of each intercommunication is used as the flow direction proportion and is used as the path decision in the Vissim; step D3: the simulation time was set to 4 hours, and the simulation speed was 1, indicating the same as the real time.
Aiming at the congestion situation of a main line-ramp, the invention builds an on-line simulator of vissims to simulate the real road network condition by relying on bottleneck recognition technology, recognizes the whole high-speed bottleneck point by given future traffic demand or traffic demand predicted in a future period of time, realizes dynamic prediction, and formulates reasonable management and control measures to relieve negative effects. The accuracy of highway bottleneck prediction caused by future traffic demands can be enhanced, and reasonable management and control schemes can be formulated and traffic safety level can be improved.
Drawings
The above, as well as additional purposes, features, and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation, and like reference numerals refer to similar or corresponding parts and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a highway bottleneck dynamic prediction method based on microscopic traffic simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram showing the merging input and the diverging output of certain communicating lanes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which a person skilled in the art would obtain without making any inventive effort, are within the scope of the invention.
It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc. in the claims, specification and drawings of the present invention are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular sequential order. The terms "comprises" and "comprising" when used in the specification and claims of the present invention are taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification and claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
As used in this specification and the claims, the term "if" may be interpreted as "when..once" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to detection" depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if a determination" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted in the context of meaning "upon determination" or "in response to determination" or "upon detection of a [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detection of a [ described condition or event ]".
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In a first aspect of the present invention, a traffic flow state data time aggregation method is provided. Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for dynamic highway bottleneck prediction based on microscopic traffic simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can be described as including steps a-E:
step A: and drawing the basic road section and the ramp road section of the expressway in the Vissim, and keeping the same with the actual road condition.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step A includes the following steps A1-A3:
step A1: according to the road segment drawing function in vissims, all basic road segments on the expressway are drawn, the specific road number is determined by the road width provided by Cad, and the width of each lane is 3.75 meters. Meanwhile, vehicles which can pass through the road are limited, the road attribute is set, the passing of pedestrians, buses and bicycles on the road is forbidden, and private vehicles and trucks are allowed to pass through the road. The passing speed fluctuation range is calibrated by the speed distribution of free flow conditions, and the maximum speed limit should not be exceeded.
Step A2: the merging ramp is arranged in the simulator, and the arrangement method is as follows:
(1) Determining the number i of lanes of the converging ramp and the number j of lanes of the main line, and respectively drawing a basic road section according to the Cad base map;
(2) I+j lanes and a road segment with the length L are drawn on a main line, which is related to the length of an acceleration road segment in the actual situation, a road segment connector is adopted to connect a ramp with a corresponding right-side road, and the main line lane is connected with a corresponding left-side road.
(3) And drawing a basic road section of the main line j lane after the accelerating lane is finished, and correspondingly connecting the main line road with the main line road by adopting a road section connector, wherein the accelerating lane is respectively connected with a road on the right side of the main line lane.
Step A3: the shunt ramp is arranged in the simulator, and the arrangement method is as follows:
(1) Determining the number i of lanes of the diversion ramp and the number j of lanes of the main line, and respectively drawing a basic road section according to the Cad base map;
(2) I+j lanes and a section of length L are drawn on the main line, which is related to the length of the speed reduction lane section in the real situation, connecting the main line road with the main line road, while connecting the right side of the main line road with the corresponding speed reduction lane using the connecting section.
(3) At the tail end of the speed reduction lane, the speed reduction lanes are respectively connected with the split ramp, and the main line lane is connected with the main line lane.
And (B) step (B): and determining the input of the traffic flow and the vehicle flow direction proportion of the highway network according to the real-time input condition of the vehicles of the highway collected by the collector. The method comprises the steps of taking real-time input conditions of vehicles in all merging areas of a highway into consideration, taking the hour traffic flows of trucks and private vehicles into consideration at the same time, taking the real-time input conditions as the total input of vehicles of two types in vissims, and determining the flow direction proportion of the vehicles in all diversion areas of the highway in a path decision module in the vissims.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step B includes the following steps B1-B2:
step B1: the traffic flow of private car and freight car is input according to the flow ratio of two car types provided by the detector alone.
Step B2: and acquiring the total number N of vehicles at a certain time interval when the vehicles are not split, wherein the total number N1 and N2 of vehicles on the split ramp and the downstream main line are obtained, the ratio of the split path directions at the moment is N1/N, and the flow ratio of the main line section is N2/N.
Step C: the section detector in vissims, the link detector, and the vehicle detector are used to evaluate and output data. The section detector is used for collecting traffic information of a certain section of a road section, the road section detector can output relevant information of a specified road section, and the vehicle detector can acquire individual-based track data.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step C includes the following steps C1-C3:
step C1: setting a section detector of a specific road section according to actual requirements for the basic road section; the section detector of the converging region is arranged on the converging ramp, inside the converging region, on the upstream road section of the converging region and on the downstream road section of the converging region; the section detector of the shunting area is positioned at the upstream of the shunting area, the inside of the shunting area and the downstream of the shunting ramp and the shunting area.
Step C2: and independently setting a road section to be detected, wherein the starting point of the road section detector is a red line section, the end point of the road section detector is a green line section, and the middle of the road section detector is a road section to be evaluated.
Step C3: and starting the vehicle recording module, and selecting the road section to be analyzed, so that the statistical data of the vehicle at fixed time intervals can be obtained.
Step D: and combining a bottleneck recognition technology and an online simulator, recognizing the bottleneck point of the whole expressway through given traffic demands, and evaluating the state of the future bottleneck point according to predicted future traffic demands. The traffic demand refers to traffic input at each road entrance and traffic output at each intercommunication.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step D includes the following steps D1-D3:
step D1: traffic volume at each road entrance as vehicle input in vissims
Step D2: the output of each interworking is used as flow direction proportion as path decision in Vissim
Step D3: the simulation time was set to 4 hours, and the simulation speed was 1, indicating the same as the real time.
Step E: by arranging ramp control, variable speed limit control, lane management and other management and control equipment in the vissims, the adverse effect on traffic flow caused by highway congestion or accidents is relieved. The ramp control is completed by setting a signal lamp, the lane speed limit control is completed by setting a vehicle speed limit sign on a specified road section, and the lane management is completed by setting a control mode on the road section.
Selecting a certain intercommunication as an example, merging and splitting the input and output of each lane as shown in fig. 2, and identifying the splitting area as a bottleneck point according to microscopic data analysis and combining with the verification of the macroscopic simulation video. On the other hand, the communicating diversion areas have larger delay and queuing and spread, and a large number of diversion vehicles change lanes from a main line to a ramp, so that congestion is caused. It is notable that the lane change behavior across multiple lanes creates a severe congestion situation for the traffic on the main line due to the presence of a split vehicle changing lanes from the inner lane of the main line to the ramp. The congestion state at the bottleneck and the cause of congestion can be dynamically analyzed in real time through online simulation, and corresponding management and control measures are convenient to implement.
The second aspect of the invention also provides a highway bottleneck dynamic prediction system based on the micro traffic simulation, which runs the highway bottleneck dynamic prediction method based on the micro traffic simulation, based on the highway bottleneck dynamic prediction method based on the micro traffic simulation, which is described in fig. 1.
While various embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Numerous modifications, changes, and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described herein may be employed in practicing the invention. The appended claims are intended to define the scope of the invention and to cover such modular compositions, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. A dynamic prediction method for highway bottlenecks based on microscopic traffic simulation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A: drawing a basic road section and a ramp road section of the expressway in the Vissim, so that the drawing result is consistent with the actual road condition;
and (B) step (B): according to the real-time input condition of the vehicles of the expressway collected by the collector, determining the input of the traffic flow and the vehicle flow direction proportion of the expressway network; the method comprises the steps that real-time input conditions of vehicles in all merging areas of a highway are considered, meanwhile, the hour traffic flows of trucks and private vehicles are considered, the total input of vehicles of two types in vissims is taken as the total input of the vehicles of the two types, and in a path decision module in the vissims, the flow direction proportion of the vehicles is established according to the vehicle diversion conditions in all diversion areas of the highway;
step C: using section detector in vissims, road section detector and vehicle detector to evaluate and output data; the section detector is used for collecting traffic information of a certain section of a road section, the road section detector is used for outputting related information of a specified road section, and the vehicle detector is used for acquiring track data based on individuals;
step D: combining a bottleneck recognition technology and an online simulator, recognizing a bottleneck point of the whole expressway through given traffic demands, and evaluating a state of the bottleneck point in the future according to predicted future traffic demands; the traffic demand refers to traffic volume input of each road entrance and traffic volume output of each intercommunication;
step E: by arranging ramp control, variable speed limit control, lane management and other management and control equipment in the vissims, the negative influence on traffic flow caused by highway congestion or accidents is relieved; the ramp control is finished by setting a signal lamp, the lane speed limit control is finished by setting a vehicle speed limit sign on a specified road section, and the lane management is finished by setting a control mode on the road section;
the drawing of the basic road section and the ramp road section of the expressway comprises the following steps:
importing the drawn base road network Cad base map into Vissim, drawing all base road sections after setting a scale, limiting passable vehicles and speeds, and drawing ramp road sections at the same time;
the step A comprises the following steps:
step A1: drawing all basic road sections on the expressway according to the road section drawing function in the Vissim, wherein the specific road number is determined by the road width provided by Cad; meanwhile, vehicles which can pass through the road are limited, the road attribute is set, the passing of pedestrians, buses and bicycles on the road is forbidden, and only private vehicles and trucks can pass through; the passing speed fluctuation range is calibrated by the speed distribution of the free flow condition, and the maximum speed limit is not exceeded;
step A2: setting a converging ramp in the simulator, comprising:
(1) Determining the number i of lanes of the converging ramp and the number j of lanes of the main line, and respectively drawing a basic road section according to the Cad base map;
(2) Drawing i+j lanes and a road section with the length L on a main line, wherein the road section is related to the length of an acceleration road section in the actual situation, connecting a ramp with a corresponding right-side road by adopting a road section connector, and connecting the main line lane with a corresponding left-side road;
(3) Drawing a basic road section of a main line j lane after the accelerating lane is finished, correspondingly connecting a main line road with a main line road by adopting a road section connector, and respectively connecting the accelerating lane with a road near the right side of the main line lane;
step A3: setting a shunt ramp in the simulator, comprising:
(1) Determining the number i of lanes of the diversion ramp and the number j of lanes of the main line, and respectively drawing a basic road section according to the Cad base map;
(2) Drawing i+j lanes and a section with the length L on a main line, wherein the section is related to the length of a speed reduction lane section in the actual situation, connecting the main line road with the main line road, and simultaneously connecting the right side of the main line road with a corresponding speed reduction lane by adopting a connecting section;
(3) At the tail end of the speed reduction lane, the speed reduction lane is respectively connected with a diversion ramp, and the main line lane is connected with the main line lane;
the step B comprises the following steps:
step B1: according to the flow ratio of two vehicle types independently provided by the detector, inputting the hour traffic flow of private vehicles and trucks;
step B2: acquiring the total number N of vehicles at a certain time interval when the vehicles are not split, wherein the total number N1 and N2 of vehicles on a split ramp and a downstream main line are obtained, the ratio of the split path direction at the current moment is N1/N, and the flow ratio of the main line section is N2/N;
the step C comprises the following steps:
step C1: setting a section detector of a specific road section according to actual requirements for the basic road section; the section detector of the converging region is arranged on the converging ramp, inside the converging region, on the upstream road section of the converging region and on the downstream road section of the converging region; the section detector of the shunting area is positioned at the upstream of the shunting area, the inside of the shunting area and the downstream of the shunting ramp and the shunting area;
step C2: the road sections to be detected are independently set, the starting point of the road section detector is a red line section, the end point of the road section detector is a green line section, and the middle of the road section detector is a road section to be evaluated;
step C3: starting a vehicle recording module, selecting a road section to be analyzed, and acquiring statistical data of the vehicle at a fixed time interval;
the step D comprises the following steps:
step D1: taking the traffic volume of each road entrance as the vehicle input in the Vissim;
step D2: the output flow direction proportion of each intercommunication is used as a path decision in the Vissim;
step D3: the simulation time was set to 4 hours, and the simulation speed was 1, indicating the same as the real time.
2. A dynamic prediction system for highway bottlenecks based on microscopic traffic simulation, wherein the dynamic prediction method for highway bottlenecks based on microscopic traffic simulation according to claim 1 is operated.
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| CN113674522A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-11-19 | 南京东控智能交通研究院有限公司 | Ramp control method for solving problem of congestion of bottleneck road section of expressway |
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