CN116415673A - Parameter optimization method and device for reading signal of multiple quantum bits and quantum computer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a parameter optimization method, a device and a quantum computer for a reading signal of multiple quantum bits, wherein when the parameter of the reading signal of the multiple quantum bits is optimized, firstly, the parameter of the corresponding reading signal is respectively set based on each quantum bit to be read, then the reading signal is respectively applied to a corresponding reading data bus to obtain a corresponding reading feedback signal, and the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read is obtained based on the reading feedback signal; the measurement data are scattered point data in an IQ coordinate system, and finally parameters of corresponding reading signals are optimized based on the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in the IQ coordinate system, so that the parameters of the reading signals of the associated multiple quantum bits are optimized, the accuracy of measurement results is ensured, a plurality of associated quantum bits can be applied, the practicability of the plurality of associated quantum bits is improved, and the application scene of the plurality of associated quantum bits is enlarged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of quantum measurement and control, and particularly relates to a parameter optimization method and device for a reading signal of multiple quantum bits and a quantum computer.
Background
The qubit information is a quantum state of the qubit, the basic quantum states are |0 > state and |1 > state, after the qubit is operated, the quantum state of the qubit is changed, and on the quchip, the execution result of the quchip, which is the change of the quantum state of the qubit after the execution of the quchip, is reflected, and the execution result is carried by a qubit reading signal (generally an analog signal) and transmitted.
The process of rapidly measuring the quantum state of the quantum bit by the quantum bit reading signal is a key work for knowing the execution performance of the quantum chip, and the high accuracy of the quantum bit measurement result is always an important index for the continuous pursuit of the quantum computing industry. The prior art is mature in determining the measurement result of a single quantum bit which is not influenced by other quantum bits, but a plurality of related quantum bits have more practical and wide application prospects. Illustratively, two associated qubits running a double quantum logic gate or a plurality of associated qubits running a multiple quantum logic gate; further exemplary, a plurality of associated qubits of the quantum computing task are run. In these examples, the determination of the measurement of the plurality of associated qubits is particularly important, but up to now the accuracy of the measurement of the plurality of associated qubits is difficult to guarantee, mainly affected by the read signal of the plurality of associated qubits. Therefore, how to optimize the parameters of the read signal of the associated multiple-qubit to ensure the accuracy of the measurement result is a problem that needs to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a parameter optimization method and device for a multi-quantum bit reading signal and a quantum computer, so as to solve the defects and shortcomings in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a parameter optimization method for a multi-quantum-bit read signal, where a quantum chip is provided with a plurality of sequentially arranged quantum bits and a plurality of read data buses, and each of the read data buses is coupled with a plurality of quantum bits, the parameter optimization method includes:
setting parameters of corresponding reading signals based on each quantum bit to be read respectively; the method comprises the steps that reading signals of quantum bits to be read, which are positioned on the same reading data bus, are identical, the reading signals are obtained by mixing based on intermediate frequency signals, and the intermediate frequency signals contain modulation coding information required by quantum bits for quantum computation;
respectively applying the reading signals to corresponding reading data buses to obtain corresponding reading feedback signals;
acquiring measurement data of each quantum bit to be read based on the reading feedback signal; wherein the measurement data are scatter data in an IQ coordinate system;
and optimizing parameters of corresponding read signals based on the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in the IQ coordinate system.
Optionally, the setting parameters of the corresponding read signals based on the quantum bits to be read specifically includes:
respectively determining the frequency of the reading signals and presetting the power of the reading signals;
and respectively determining the frequency and the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read.
Optionally, the determining the frequencies of the read signals respectively specifically includes:
respectively acquiring the reading frequencies of all the quantum bits coupled and connected on the reading data buses corresponding to the quantum bits to be read;
the frequency of the corresponding read signal is determined based on the read frequencies of all the qubits on the read data bus, respectively.
Optionally, the determining the corresponding read frequency of the read signal based on the read frequencies of all the qubits on the read data bus specifically includes:
determining the median based on the read frequencies of all the qubits on the read data bus respectively;
the median of the read frequency of the qubit is set to the frequency of the read signal of the corresponding read data bus.
Optionally, the determining the frequency and the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read includes:
respectively determining the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read based on a first preset relation; the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, the frequency of the read signal, the read frequency corresponding to the quantum bit to be read and the preset frequency of the intermediate frequency signal meet the first preset relation;
respectively determining the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read based on a second preset relation; the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, the preset amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal, the power of the read signal and the read power of the corresponding quantum bit to be read meet the second preset relation.
Optionally, the first preset relationship is:
if '=fc-Fc' +if, where If 'is the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, fc is the frequency of the read signal, fc' is the read frequency corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, and If is the preset frequency of the intermediate frequency signal.
Optionally, the second preset relationship is:
amp '=Amp×10 [ (Pc' -10 dB-Pc)/2 ], wherein Amp 'is the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, amp is the read waveform amplitude corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, pc' is the power of the read signal, and Pc is the read power corresponding to the quantum bit to be read.
Optionally, optimizing parameters of the corresponding read signal based on distribution characteristics of measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in an IQ coordinate system, specifically includes:
establishing a criterion in the IQ coordinate system; the criterion is used for reflecting the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in an IQ coordinate system;
and respectively judging whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meet the preset condition based on the criteria, and respectively optimizing parameters of the read signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read if not.
Optionally, the preset conditions include a first preset condition, and the determining, based on the criteria, whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meets the preset conditions respectively, and if not, respectively optimizing parameters of a read signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read specifically includes:
judging whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meet a first preset condition or not based on the criteria;
if not, reducing the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the corresponding quantum bit to be read according to the preset step in the preset range and updating the reading signal.
Optionally, the preset conditions further include a second preset condition, and after the determining, based on the criteria, whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meets the first preset condition, the method further includes:
if yes, respectively judging whether the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read meet a second preset condition or not based on the criteria;
if not, reducing or increasing the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the corresponding quantum bit to be read according to the preset step in the preset range, and updating the reading signal.
Optionally, the preset conditions further include a third preset condition, and after the judging, based on the criteria, whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meets the second preset condition, the method further includes:
if yes, respectively judging whether the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read meet a third preset condition or not based on the criteria;
if not, reducing or increasing the frequency and/or amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read in a preset range according to a preset step, and updating the read signal.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a parameter optimization apparatus for a multi-qubit read signal of a multi-qubit, comprising:
the setting module is used for setting parameters of corresponding reading signals based on the quantum bits to be read respectively;
the application module is used for respectively applying the reading signals to the corresponding reading data buses to obtain corresponding reading feedback signals;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring measurement data of each quantum bit to be read based on the reading feedback signals;
and the optimizing module is used for optimizing parameters of corresponding read signals based on the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in the IQ coordinate system.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a quantum computer, the parameter optimizing apparatus applying the parameter optimizing method of the multi-quantum bit read signal as described in the first aspect to optimize the parameter of the multi-quantum bit read signal, or including the multi-quantum bit read signal as described in the second aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the parameter optimization method and device for the reading signal of the multiple quantum bits and the quantum computer provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects: when optimizing parameters of a reading signal of multiple quantum bits, firstly, setting parameters of corresponding reading signals based on each quantum bit to be read, then respectively applying the reading signals to corresponding reading data buses to obtain corresponding reading feedback signals, and obtaining measurement data of each quantum bit to be read based on the reading feedback signals; the measurement data are scattered point data in an IQ coordinate system, and finally parameters of corresponding reading signals are optimized based on the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in the IQ coordinate system, so that the parameters of the reading signals of the associated multiple quantum bits are optimized, the accuracy of measurement results is ensured, a plurality of associated quantum bits can be applied, the practicability of the plurality of associated quantum bits is improved, and the application scene of the plurality of associated quantum bits is enlarged.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware structure of a computer terminal according to a method for optimizing parameters of a multi-quantum bit read signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a superconducting quantum chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing parameters of a multi-quantum bit read signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 24-bit quantum chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram of an IQ coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for setting parameters of a corresponding read signal based on each qubit to be read according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing parameters of a corresponding read signal based on distribution characteristics of measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in an IQ coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of a parameter optimizing apparatus for a multi-qubit read signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
102-a processor; 104-a memory; 106-a transmission device; 108-an input-output device; 510-setting up a module; 520-an application module; 530-an acquisition module; 540-optimization module.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail a method and apparatus for optimizing parameters of a multi-quantum bit read signal and a quantum computer according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
The method provided in this embodiment may be executed in a computer terminal or similar computing device. Taking the example of running on a computer terminal, referring to fig. 1, the computer terminal may comprise one or more (only one is shown in fig. 1) processors 102 (the processor 102 may comprise, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a processing device such as a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, and optionally the computer terminal may further comprise a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input-output device 108. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the configuration shown in fig. 1 is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the configuration of the computer terminal described above. For example, the computer terminal may also include more or fewer components than shown in FIG. 1, or have a different configuration than shown in FIG. 1.
The memory 104 may be used to store software programs and modules of application software, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to a method for determining multiple quantum bit measurement results provided herein, and the processor 102 executes the software programs and modules stored in the memory 104 to perform various functional applications and data processing, i.e., implement the above-mentioned methods. Memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile solid-state memory. In some embodiments, the memory 104 may further include memory 104 remotely located relative to the processor 102, which may be connected to the computer terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The transmission means 106 is arranged to receive or transmit data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include an unlimited network provided by a communication provider of the computer terminal. In one embodiment, the transmission means comprises a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, NIC) connectable to other network devices via the base station to communicate with the internet. In one embodiment, the transmission device 106 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the internet wirelessly.
The method provided in this embodiment may be applied to the above-described computer terminal, or referred to as a quantum computer.
In a quantum computer, a quantum chip is a processor for performing quantum computation, referring to fig. 2, a plurality of quantum bits and reading resonant cavities are integrated on the quantum chip, the quantum bits and the reading resonant cavities are in one-to-one correspondence and are coupled with each other, a section of each reading resonant cavity, which is far away from the corresponding quantum bit, is connected to a reading signal transmission line integrally arranged on the quantum chip, and each quantum bit is coupled with an XY signal transmission line and a Z signal transmission line. The XY signal transmission line is used for receiving the quantum state regulation and control signal, the Z signal transmission line is used for receiving the magnetic flux regulation and control signal, the magnetic flux regulation and control signal comprises a bias voltage signal and/or a pulse bias regulation and control signal, the bias voltage signal and the pulse bias regulation and control signal can regulate and control the frequency of the quantum bit, and the reading signal transmission line is used for receiving the reading detection signal and transmitting the reading feedback signal.
The quantum bit regulation and treatment process is briefly described as follows:
and adjusting the frequency of the quantum bit to the working frequency by utilizing a magnetic flux adjusting and controlling signal on the Z signal transmission line, applying a quantum state adjusting and controlling signal to perform quantum state adjustment and control on the quantum bit in an initial state through the XY signal transmission line, and reading the quantum state of the quantum bit after adjustment and control by adopting a reading resonant cavity. Specifically, a carrier frequency pulse signal is applied through a read signal transmission line, which is generally called a read detection signal, the read detection signal is generally a microwave signal with the frequency of 4-8GHz, and the quantum state of the quantum bit is determined by analyzing a read feedback signal output by the read signal transmission line. The fundamental reason that the read resonator is capable of reading the quantum state of the qubit is that the different quantum states of the qubit have different dispersion frequency shifts to the read resonator, such that the different quantum states of the qubit have different responses to a read probe signal applied to the read resonator, which response signal is referred to as a read feedback signal. Only when the carrier frequency of the read probe signal of the qubit is very close to the natural frequency (also called resonant frequency) of the read resonant cavity, the read resonant cavity has a maximized distinguishable level due to the obvious difference of the response of the qubit to the read probe signal in different quantum states. Based on this, the quantum state in which the qubit is located is determined by parsing the read feedback signal of a certain pulse length.
The invention provides a parameter optimization method, a device and a quantum computer for reading signals of multiple quantum bits, which optimize parameters of the reading signals of the related multiple quantum bits, ensure accuracy of measurement results, enable the multiple related quantum bits to be applied, improve practicability of the multiple related quantum bits and enlarge application scenes of the multiple related quantum bits.
For this reason, the present embodiment provides a parameter optimization method for a multi-quantum-bit read signal, wherein a quantum chip is provided with a plurality of sequentially arranged quantum bits and a plurality of read data buses, and each read data bus is coupled with a plurality of quantum bits, and referring to fig. 3, the parameter optimization method includes the following steps:
step S1, setting parameters of corresponding reading signals based on the quantum bits to be read respectively.
The reading signals of the quantum bits to be read are the same, the reading signals are obtained by mixing based on intermediate frequency signals, and the intermediate frequency signals contain modulation coding information required by quantum bits for quantum computation.
Specifically, the sequence number of each quantum bit to be read and the number of the quantum bits to be read are obtained first. In this embodiment, a 24-bit quantum chip is taken as an example, please refer to fig. 4, and the 24-bit quantum chipThe data reading BUS is provided with 24 quantum bits and 4 reading data Buses (BUS) which are sequentially arranged, the arrangement sequence of the 24 quantum bits is shown in figure 4, each data reading BUS is coupled with 6 quantum bits, the specific connection relation is that the reading data BUS BUS1 is coupled with quantum bits with the serial numbers of 0-5, the reading data BUS BUS2 is coupled with quantum bits with the serial numbers of 6-11, the reading data BUS BUS3 is coupled with quantum bits with the serial numbers of 12-17, and the reading data BUS BUS4 is coupled with quantum bits with the serial numbers of 18-23. In this embodiment, experiments are performed based on the 24-bit quantum chip, for example, the number of the obtained quantum bits to be read is 3, serial numbers are 0, 1 and 17, and each quantum bit to be read is recorded as Q 0 、Q 1 、Q 17 。
Specifically, from the above, Q 0 、Q 1 The read data BUS corresponding to the two quantum bits to be read is BUS1, the read signals are the same, and the quantum bits to be read Q 17 The corresponding read data BUS is BUS3, and the parameters of the read signals applied to the read data buses BUS1 and BUS3 are set accordingly.
Step S2, the reading signals are respectively applied to the corresponding reading data buses to obtain corresponding reading feedback signals.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as can be seen from the above, Q will be 0 、Q 1 The corresponding reading signals of the two quantum bits to be read are applied to the reading data BUS BUS1, the corresponding reading feedback signals are obtained, and the quantum bits Q to be read are obtained 17 The corresponding read signal is applied to the read BUS3 and the corresponding read feedback signal is acquired.
And step S3, acquiring measurement data of each quantum bit to be read based on the reading feedback signals.
Specifically, the reading feedback signal is an analog signal, and represents a signal aiming at quantum state information of a quantum bit to be read, which is coupled and connected with the reading feedback signal. By applying different carrier frequency pulse signals (read probe signals) to the corresponding qubits to be read and repeating the process, measurement data which can characterize the respective quantum state information thereof can be obtained, the measurement data being scatter point data in an IQ coordinate system.
And S4, optimizing parameters of corresponding read signals based on the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in the IQ coordinate system.
Theoretically, in an ideal case, according to applying different carrier frequency pulse signals (reading detection signals) to the corresponding quantum bits to be read, and repeating the process, the obtained measurement data are distributed into two circular spots in an IQ coordinate system, and the two circular spots respectively represent two different ground states, specifically, a |0 > state and a |1 > state, of the quantum bits to be read. However, a large number of repeated experiments show that in the measurement process, the obtained measurement data are distributed in two quasi-circles in the IQ coordinate system, and referring to fig. 5, it can be found that a small part of the measurement data corresponding to the state |0 > is distributed in the measurement data corresponding to the state |1 > in the drawing, and a small part of the measurement data corresponding to the state |1 > is distributed in the measurement data corresponding to the state |0 > in the drawing, which indicates that the distribution situation of the quantum states of the quantum bits to be read is damaged in the experiment, and the parameters of the corresponding read signals need to be optimized so that the distribution situation of the quantum states of the quantum bits to be read is more ideal.
For example, referring to fig. 6, the setting parameters of the corresponding read signal based on each qubit to be read specifically includes:
step S11, determining the frequency of the reading signal and presetting the power of the reading signal.
Specifically, when the frequencies of the read signals are respectively determined, the read frequencies of all the quantum bits coupled and connected on the read data buses corresponding to the quantum bits to be read are respectively obtained, and then the frequencies of the corresponding read signals are respectively determined based on the read frequencies of all the quantum bits on the read data buses. More specifically, the median is determined based on the read frequencies of all the qubits on the read data bus, respectively, and then the median of the read frequencies of the qubits is set as the frequency of the read signal of the corresponding read data bus. For example, in the present embodiment, the qubit Q is to be read 17 Frequency of corresponding read signalThe rate is set as an example, first, the qubit Q to be read is acquired 17 The reading frequencies of all the quantum bits (namely the quantum bits with the serial numbers of 12-17) which are coupled and connected on the reading data bus are sequentially arranged according to the sequence of the numerical values, and then the average of the two numerical values in the middle is obtained as the quantum bit Q to be read 17 The frequency of the corresponding read signal.
Step S12, the frequency and the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read are respectively determined.
Specifically, when the frequencies of the intermediate frequency signals corresponding to the quantum bits to be read are respectively determined, the frequencies of the intermediate frequency signals corresponding to the quantum bits to be read are respectively determined based on a first preset relation; the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, the frequency of the read signal, the read frequency corresponding to the quantum bit to be read and the preset frequency of the intermediate frequency signal meet the first preset relation. More specifically, the first preset relationship is: if '=fc-Fc' +if, where If 'is the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, fc is the frequency of the read signal, fc' is the read frequency corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, and If is the preset frequency of the intermediate frequency signal.
Specifically, when the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read is respectively determined, the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read is respectively determined based on a second preset relation; the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, the preset amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal, the power of the read signal and the read power of the corresponding quantum bit to be read meet the second preset relation. More specifically, the second preset relationship is: amp '=Amp×10 [ (Pc' -10 dB-Pc)/2 ], wherein Amp 'is the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, amp is the read waveform amplitude corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, pc' is the power of the read signal, and Pc is the read power corresponding to the quantum bit to be read.
For example, referring to fig. 7, parameters of corresponding read signals are optimized based on distribution characteristics of measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in an IQ coordinate system, and specifically include:
step S41, establishing a criterion in the IQ coordinate system.
Preferably, the criterion is a straight line expressed as i=q in an IQ coordinate system, and the criterion is used for reflecting the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in the IQ coordinate system.
Step S42, judging whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meet preset conditions or not based on the criteria.
If not, step S43 is executed to optimize the parameters of the read signal corresponding to the qubit to be read.
The preset conditions include a first preset condition, and the determining, based on the criteria, whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meets the preset condition, and if not, optimizing parameters of a read signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, specifically includes:
and respectively judging whether the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read meet a first preset condition or not based on the criteria. The first preset condition is that the distribution of measurement data obtained in the measurement process in an IQ coordinate system is two stable and clear quasi-circles (i.e., two stable quasi-circles) respectively positioned at two sides of a criterion.
If not, reducing the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the corresponding quantum bit to be read according to the preset step in the preset range and updating the reading signal. The amplitude range of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to each quantum bit to be read is within 0-1V.
The preset conditions further include a second preset condition, and after the determining, based on the criteria, whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meets the first preset condition, the method further includes:
if yes, judging whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meet a second preset condition or not respectively based on the criteria. The second preset condition is that the distribution of measurement data obtained in the measurement process in an IQ coordinate system is a quasi-circle (i.e. two separated quasi-circles) with two boundaries respectively located at two sides of a criterion and without intersection.
If not, reducing or increasing the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the corresponding quantum bit to be read according to the preset step in the preset range, and updating the reading signal.
The preset conditions further include a third preset condition, and after the determining, based on the criteria, whether the measured data of each qubit to be read meets the second preset condition, the method further includes:
if yes, judging whether the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read meet a third preset condition or not respectively based on the criteria. The third preset condition is that the distribution of measurement data obtained in the measurement process in the IQ coordinate system is two circles with high concentration degree (i.e. two circles with high fidelity degree) respectively positioned at two sides of the criterion.
If not, reducing or increasing the frequency and/or amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read in a preset range according to a preset step, and updating the read signal.
Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment provides a parameter optimizing apparatus for a multi-quantum bit read signal, referring to fig. 8, the parameter optimizing apparatus includes:
the setting module 510 is configured to set parameters of the corresponding read signal based on each of the qubits to be read.
The application module 520 is configured to apply the read signals to the corresponding read data buses respectively to obtain corresponding read feedback signals.
And the acquiring module 530 is configured to acquire measurement data of each qubit to be read based on the read feedback signal.
The optimizing module 540 optimizes parameters of the corresponding read signal based on distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in the IQ coordinate system.
In addition, based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a quantum computer, which optimizes parameters of a multi-quantum-bit read signal using the parameter optimization method of the multi-quantum-bit read signal as described above, or a parameter optimization apparatus of a multi-quantum-bit read signal including the multi-quantum-bit read signal as described above.
In summary, the parameter optimization method and device for the multi-quantum bit reading signal and the quantum computer provided by the invention have the following advantages: when optimizing parameters of a reading signal of multiple quantum bits, firstly, setting parameters of corresponding reading signals based on each quantum bit to be read, then respectively applying the reading signals to corresponding reading data buses to obtain corresponding reading feedback signals, and obtaining measurement data of each quantum bit to be read based on the reading feedback signals; the measurement data are scattered point data in an IQ coordinate system, and finally parameters of corresponding reading signals are optimized based on the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in the IQ coordinate system, so that the parameters of the reading signals of the associated multiple quantum bits are optimized, the accuracy of measurement results is ensured, a plurality of associated quantum bits can be applied, the practicability of the plurality of associated quantum bits is improved, and the application scene of the plurality of associated quantum bits is enlarged.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any alterations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. The parameter optimization method of the reading signal of the multiple quantum bits, there are multiple quantum bits and multiple reading data buses that arrange sequentially on the quantum chip, couple and connect with multiple quantum bits on each said reading data bus, characterized by that, the said parameter optimization method includes:
setting parameters of corresponding reading signals based on each quantum bit to be read respectively; the method comprises the steps that reading signals of quantum bits to be read, which are positioned on the same reading data bus, are identical, the reading signals are obtained by mixing based on intermediate frequency signals, and the intermediate frequency signals contain modulation coding information required by quantum bits for quantum computation;
respectively applying the reading signals to corresponding reading data buses to obtain corresponding reading feedback signals;
acquiring measurement data of each quantum bit to be read based on the reading feedback signal; wherein the measurement data are scatter data in an IQ coordinate system;
and optimizing parameters of corresponding read signals based on the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in the IQ coordinate system.
2. The method for optimizing parameters of a multi-qubit read signal according to claim 1, wherein the setting parameters of the corresponding read signal based on each of the to-be-read qubits comprises:
respectively determining the frequency of the reading signals and presetting the power of the reading signals;
and respectively determining the frequency and the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read.
3. A method for optimizing parameters of a multi-qubit read signal according to claim 2, wherein said determining the frequency of said read signal, respectively, comprises:
respectively acquiring the reading frequencies of all the quantum bits coupled and connected on the reading data buses corresponding to the quantum bits to be read;
the frequency of the corresponding read signal is determined based on the read frequencies of all the qubits on the read data bus, respectively.
4. A method for optimizing parameters of a multi-qubit read signal according to claim 3, wherein said determining the corresponding read frequency of said read signal based on the read frequencies of all the qubits on the read data bus, respectively, comprises:
determining the median based on the read frequencies of all the qubits on the read data bus respectively;
the median of the read frequency of the qubit is set to the frequency of the read signal of the corresponding read data bus.
5. The method for optimizing parameters of a multi-qubit read signal according to claim 2, wherein the determining the frequency and the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the multi-qubit to be read respectively includes:
respectively determining the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read based on a first preset relation; the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, the frequency of the read signal, the read frequency corresponding to the quantum bit to be read and the preset frequency of the intermediate frequency signal meet the first preset relation;
respectively determining the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read based on a second preset relation; the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, the preset amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal, the power of the read signal and the read power of the corresponding quantum bit to be read meet the second preset relation.
6. The method for optimizing parameters of a multi-qubit read signal according to claim 5 wherein said first predetermined relationship is:
if '=fc-Fc' +if, where If 'is the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, fc is the frequency of the read signal, fc' is the read frequency corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, and If is the preset frequency of the intermediate frequency signal.
7. The method for optimizing parameters of a multi-qubit read signal according to claim 5 wherein said second predetermined relationship is:
amp '=Amp×10 [ (Pc' -10 dB-Pc)/2 ], wherein Amp 'is the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, amp is the read waveform amplitude corresponding to the quantum bit to be read, pc' is the power of the read signal, and Pc is the read power corresponding to the quantum bit to be read.
8. The method for optimizing parameters of a multi-qubit read signal according to claim 2, wherein optimizing parameters of the corresponding read signal based on distribution characteristics of measurement data of each of the to-be-read qubits in an IQ coordinate system comprises:
establishing a criterion in the IQ coordinate system; the criterion is used for reflecting the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in an IQ coordinate system;
and respectively judging whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meet the preset condition based on the criteria, and respectively optimizing parameters of the read signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read if not.
9. The method for optimizing parameters of a multi-qubit read signal according to claim 8, wherein the preset conditions include a first preset condition, the determining whether the measured data of each of the multi-qubits to be read meets the preset condition based on the criteria, respectively, and if not, optimizing parameters of the read signal corresponding to the multi-qubit to be read, respectively, specifically includes:
judging whether the measured data of each quantum bit to be read meet a first preset condition or not based on the criteria;
if not, reducing the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the corresponding quantum bit to be read according to the preset step in the preset range and updating the reading signal.
10. The method for optimizing parameters of a multi-qubit read signal according to claim 9, wherein the preset conditions further include a second preset condition, and wherein after determining whether the measured data of each of the to-be-read qubits satisfies the first preset condition based on the criteria, respectively, further comprises:
if yes, respectively judging whether the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read meet a second preset condition or not based on the criteria;
if not, reducing or increasing the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the corresponding quantum bit to be read according to the preset step in the preset range, and updating the reading signal.
11. The method for optimizing parameters of a multi-qubit read signal according to claim 10, wherein the preset conditions further include a third preset condition, and wherein after determining whether the measured data of each of the to-be-read qubits satisfies the second preset condition based on the criteria, respectively, further comprises:
if yes, respectively judging whether the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read meet a third preset condition or not based on the criteria;
if not, reducing or increasing the frequency and/or amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the quantum bit to be read in a preset range according to a preset step, and updating the read signal.
12. A parameter optimizing apparatus for a multi-qubit read signal of a multi-qubit, comprising:
the setting module is used for setting parameters of corresponding reading signals based on the quantum bits to be read respectively;
the application module is used for respectively applying the reading signals to the corresponding reading data buses to obtain corresponding reading feedback signals;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring measurement data of each quantum bit to be read based on the reading feedback signals;
and the optimizing module is used for optimizing parameters of corresponding read signals based on the distribution characteristics of the measurement data of each quantum bit to be read in the IQ coordinate system.
13. A quantum computer characterized in that a parameter of a multi-quantum bit read signal is optimized by applying the parameter optimization method of a multi-quantum bit read signal according to any one of claims 1 to 11, or a parameter optimization apparatus of a multi-quantum bit read signal according to claim 12 is included.
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| PCT/CN2022/140862 WO2023125216A1 (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2022-12-22 | Method and apparatus for determining multi-qubit measurement result, and quantum computer |
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