CN116406667A - Tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier and application method thereof - Google Patents

Tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier and application method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116406667A
CN116406667A CN202310209685.XA CN202310209685A CN116406667A CN 116406667 A CN116406667 A CN 116406667A CN 202310209685 A CN202310209685 A CN 202310209685A CN 116406667 A CN116406667 A CN 116406667A
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tobacco
aroma
improving
modifier
tobacco leaf
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Inventor
李洪勋
林叶春
陈发元
彭华伟
梁贵林
赵瑞娟
艾永峰
龙勇
蔡凯
孙振春
杨慧
徐巧
邱雪柏
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Guizhou Institute of Tobacco Science
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Guizhou Institute of Tobacco Science
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Priority to CN202310209685.XA priority Critical patent/CN116406667A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/24Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients to enhance the sticking of the active ingredients
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01PBIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00Plant growth regulators

Abstract

The invention provides a tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier which comprises polyacrylamide and glucose, wherein the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:12.5-25. The tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier provided by the invention is prepared by uniformly mixing polyacrylamide and glucose according to a certain mass ratio, and can effectively reduce the nicotine and total nitrogen content of middle and upper tobacco leaves, increase the total sugar and reducing sugar content, increase the sweet aroma and improve the smoking quality of the tobacco leaves.

Description

Tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier and application method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulation, and particularly relates to a tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier and an application method thereof.
Background
Flue-cured tobacco is an important raw material of Chinese cigarettes, and the aroma of flue-cured tobacco is an important constituent factor of Chinese cigarette style and is also an important representation of tobacco quality style characteristics. The aroma is the comprehensive expression of all the aroma in the smoke during the combustion and suction of the tobacco leaves, and the aroma is a certain aroma note shown by the smoke.
The flue-cured tobacco flavor is an important basis for raw material purchase and cigarette formula design, and related researches are increasingly paid attention to and become a hot spot problem in the current tobacco science research. The sweet and salivation promoting and sweet taste is strong, is a characteristic of sweet aroma, is an important component in the aroma of tobacco leaf, and is also an outstanding style of high-end cigarette raw materials. The sweet feeling is increased, and the tobacco leaf sucking quality is improved. In addition, nicotine is also a key index for measuring the quality of tobacco leaves, the number of the tobacco leaves remaining is reduced under the current tobacco leaf field optimization structure background, the phenomenon that the nicotine content of the tobacco leaves at the middle and upper parts is too high is common, and the too high nicotine content can have adverse effects on the industrial usability of the tobacco leaves.
Tobacco researchers have developed products such as tobacco sweet essence, but the sweet essence of the cigarette industry is mainly added after the design of the leaf group is finished, so that the flavoring effect is not obvious, and the quality and usability of tobacco leaf raw materials cannot be improved from the source. In order to reduce nicotine in tobacco leaves, tobacco researchers have conducted a great deal of research, and most of the research is focused on optimization and improvement in aspects of variety, fertilization, girdling technology, baking technology, foliage spraying of growth regulators and the like, so that time and labor are wasted on the whole, and certain limitations exist in the aspects of technology and effect, and the method is not beneficial to large-scale popularization and application. Chinese patent application CN 110326628A discloses a preparation for improving aroma quality by increasing aroma quantity of tobacco leaves, which is prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring magnolia flower and rose flower juice which are extracted from natural and fresh and full-open flower stalks and auxiliary agent calcium carbonate nano material, and spraying the front and back surfaces of the leaves when in use in the field, wherein the preparation of the preparation has higher requirements on raw materials, and the preparation and application are complex. Therefore, the tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier which is simple, effective and easy to popularize is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems (insufficient sweetness and fragrance of middle and upper tobacco leaves, higher nicotine and total nitrogen content, etc.) existing in the prior art, the inventor screens and compounds the components of the tobacco leaf quality-improving and fragrance-enhancing modifier through a large number of experiments, and unexpected discovers that: the modifier obtained by uniformly mixing the polyacrylamide and the glucose according to a certain mass ratio can effectively reduce the nicotine and total nitrogen content of the middle and upper tobacco leaves, increase the total sugar and reducing sugar content, increase the sweet aroma and improve the smoking quality of the tobacco leaves. Based on the above findings, the present invention has been completed.
The objects of the invention will be further embodied and described in the following detailed description.
The invention provides a tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier which comprises polyacrylamide and glucose, wherein the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:12.5-25.
Polyacrylamide is a linear organic high polymer and is mainly widely used in the fields of petroleum exploitation, sewage treatment, textile industry and the like at present. The tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier provided by the invention is creatively obtained by uniformly mixing polyacrylamide and glucose according to a certain mass ratio, and the characteristics of flocculation property, adhesiveness and the like of the polyacrylamide are utilized, so that glucose particles are quickly and effectively adsorbed and adhered in the root system of tobacco plants and the soil environment of the root system. Glucose is reported to be used for spraying plant leaf surfaces, so that the availability sugar content of fruits and leaves can be effectively improved, but the operation of spraying the plant leaf surfaces is troublesome, and the modifier obtained by uniformly mixing polyacrylamide and glucose according to a certain mass ratio can be directly applied to tobacco plant roots after dilution, so that the operation is simple and convenient, double effects are achieved, on one hand, the sugar content is increased by the root system absorption operation to the leaves, on the other hand, the sugar content is absorbed by soil microorganisms and the fixation of soil nitrogen is promoted, and the soil nitrogen absorption of the tobacco plant roots is reduced, so that the nicotine content of medium-and-later-stage tobacco leaves is effectively reduced.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:20-25.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:20. When the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:20, the tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-improving modifier has the best overall quality-improving and aroma-improving effects.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:25.
In addition, the invention also provides an application method of the tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier, which comprises the following steps: diluting and uniformly mixing the tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier of any one of claims 1-4 with water according to the mass ratio of 1:1-4 to obtain modifier drenching liquid; and (3) slowly pouring the modifier pouring liquid on the roots of tobacco plants along the bottoms of tobacco stems 6-8 days before the tobacco leaves in the middle of the first kang are ripened and harvested.
Preferably, the tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier and water are diluted and uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:2.
Preferably, the tobacco plants are tobacco plants planted in medium and medium fertility tobacco fields.
Preferably, the tobacco plant application amount of the modifier irrigation liquid is 80-120 mL/plant.
More preferably, the tobacco plant application amount of the modifier irrigation liquid is 100 mL/plant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier provided by the invention has the advantages of simple formula, simple preparation method and wide raw material sources; compared with the sprayed leaf surfaces, the application method is simpler and more convenient to operate, the application amount is less, the quality improvement and aroma enhancement effects are remarkable, the nicotine and total nitrogen contents of the middle and upper tobacco leaves can be effectively reduced, the total sugar and reducing sugar contents are increased, the sweet aroma is increased, the smoking quality of the tobacco leaves is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples.
In the present invention, the components and raw materials involved are conventional commercial products or can be obtained by conventional technical means in the art.
Example 1 tobacco leaf quality and aroma improving modifier
A tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier comprises polyacrylamide and glucose, wherein the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:12.5.
Example 2 tobacco leaf quality and aroma improving modifier
A tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier comprises polyacrylamide and glucose, wherein the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:20.
Example 3 tobacco leaf quality and aroma improving modifier
A tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier comprises polyacrylamide and glucose, wherein the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:25.
Test example 1
2022, in the flat dam test base of Anshun city in Guizhou, tobacco plant roots are treated without modifier as a control, the test adopts a random block design, 4 treatments are set, 3 times of repetition are carried out, total 12 cells are arranged, and the area of each cell is 0.2 mu. Adopting a pit type transplanting mode; each treatment was carried out at a transplanting density of 1000 plants/mu (plant row spacing: 1.1 m. Times.0.6 m), and 7.5kg of pure nitrogen (containing fixed root fertilizer) was applied per mu. 7 days before the tobacco leaves in the middle of the first kang are ripe and harvested, preparing an improver by polyacrylamide and glucose according to a mass ratio of 1:20, and diluting with water at different concentrations to obtain an improver pouring liquid, wherein the application amount of tobacco plants is 100 mL/plant, and the detection results of related tobacco leaves are shown in Table 1.
The mass ratio of the modifier to the water is as follows:
CK: no modifier was applied and clear water was used as a control;
concentration one: diluting at 1:1;
concentration II: diluting at 1:2;
and (3) concentration III: diluting at 1:4.
Table 1C3F level tobacco partial index comparison
Figure SMS_1
Note that: the conventional chemical component analysis and detection of tobacco samples is carried out according to YC/T159-2002 (total sugar), YC/T159-2002 (reducing sugar), YC/T159-2002 (nicotine) and YC/T161-2002 (total nitrogen); the sensory evaluation standard of the tobacco quality style characteristics adopts 9 scales, and tobacco samples are commonly scored by Jiangsu Zhongyan tobacco and Guizhou tobacco science institute; the following is the same.
Test example two
In 2022, in the county of the great part of the Pijie city in Guizhou, 4 treatments are set for the test by taking the treatment of tobacco plant roots without applying the modifier as a control, and the area of each large area is 0.5 mu. Adopting a pit type transplanting mode; each treatment was carried out at a transplanting density of 1000 plants/mu (plant row spacing: 1.1 m. Times.0.6 m), and 7.5kg of pure nitrogen (containing fixed root fertilizer) was applied per mu. And 7 days before the tobacco leaves in the middle of the first kang are ripened and harvested, respectively diluting the modifying agents with different proportions by water according to a ratio of 1:2 to obtain modifying agent drenching liquid, wherein the application amount of tobacco plants is 100 mL/plant, and the detection results of related tobacco leaves are shown in Table 1.
The modifier with different proportions of polyacrylamide and glucose is as follows:
CK: no modifier was applied and clear water was used as a control;
and the first proportion is as follows: 1:12.5;
and II, proportioning: 1:20;
and (3) proportioning: 1:25;
and the ratio is four: 1:10;
and fifthly, proportioning: 1:28;
and six, proportioning: administering glucose alone;
and the mixture ratio is seven: only polyacrylamide was applied.
Table 2B2F level tobacco partial index comparison
Figure SMS_2
Figure SMS_3
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, compared with the control, the treatment method using the modifier with proper proportion can obviously improve the total sugar and reducing sugar content, reduce the nicotine and total nitrogen content of the middle and upper tobacco leaves, increase the sweet note and sweetness score and improve the usability of the tobacco leaves. Under the condition that the tobacco plant application amount is 100 mL/plant modifier solution, the modifier is prepared by particularly using polyacrylamide and glucose in a mass ratio of 1:20, and the modifier is diluted by water in a mass ratio of 1:2, so that the effect of the modifier in the process of pouring the liquid into the root of the tobacco plant is optimal.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier is characterized in that: comprises polyacrylamide and glucose, wherein the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:12.5-25.
2. The tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:20-25.
3. The tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier according to claim 2, wherein: the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:20.
4. The tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier according to claim 2, wherein: the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the glucose is 1:25.
5. The application method of the tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps: diluting and uniformly mixing the tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier of any one of claims 1-4 with water according to the mass ratio of 1:1-4 to obtain modifier drenching liquid; and (3) slowly pouring the modifier pouring liquid on the roots of tobacco plants along the bottoms of tobacco stems 6-8 days before the tobacco leaves in the middle of the first kang are ripened and harvested.
6. The method of applying a tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier according to claim 5, wherein: the tobacco quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier and water are diluted and uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:2.
7. The method of applying a tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier according to claim 5, wherein: the tobacco plants are tobacco plants planted in the medium-and-medium-fertility tobacco fields.
8. A method of applying a tobacco leaf upgrading and flavouring modifier according to any of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that: the tobacco plant application amount of the modifier irrigation liquid is 80-120 mL/plant.
9. The method of applying a tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier according to claim 8, wherein: the tobacco plant application amount of the modifier irrigation liquid is 100 mL/plant.
CN202310209685.XA 2023-03-07 2023-03-07 Tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing modifier and application method thereof Pending CN116406667A (en)

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