CN116402353B - Comprehensive evaluation method and system for heavy metal pollution of industrialized urban water body - Google Patents
Comprehensive evaluation method and system for heavy metal pollution of industrialized urban water body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116402353B CN116402353B CN202310662851.1A CN202310662851A CN116402353B CN 116402353 B CN116402353 B CN 116402353B CN 202310662851 A CN202310662851 A CN 202310662851A CN 116402353 B CN116402353 B CN 116402353B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- risk
- heavy metal
- index
- comprehensive
- soil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001983 electron spin resonance imaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000013210 evaluation model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 231100000628 reference dose Toxicity 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 231100001223 noncarcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000005623 Carcinogenesis Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000036952 cancer formation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 231100000504 carcinogenesis Toxicity 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000260 carcinogenicity Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007670 carcinogenicity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000590 oncogenic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002246 oncogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002601 radiography Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 231100000824 inhalation exposure Toxicity 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000003 human carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0635—Risk analysis of enterprise or organisation activities
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
- G06Q10/06393—Score-carding, benchmarking or key performance indicator [KPI] analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/10—Services
- G06Q50/26—Government or public services
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
- G16H50/30—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining comprehensive risks, in particular to a method and a system for comprehensively evaluating heavy metal pollution of an industrialized urban water body. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: (1) Determining the types of heavy metals to be detected in the range of the research area, numbering the heavy metals, and calculating the average concentration value of each heavy metal; (2) Respectively calculating a comprehensive potential ecological risk index, an accumulated hazard index and an accumulated carcinogenic risk index of the river heavy metal; (3) Constructing a comprehensive risk evaluation model suitable for heavy metal pollution of industrial urban rivers; (4) And calculating the environmental risk index EPRI of the river heavy metal polluted area to obtain the comprehensive risk grade of the river heavy metal pollution. Compared with a heavy metal ecological risk evaluation method and a method for evaluating the human health risk caused by heavy metal pollution, the method can provide a judgment standard for the comprehensive risk condition of the heavy metal pollution of the industrial urban river.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy metal pollution environments, relates to a method for determining comprehensive risks, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating the comprehensive risks of heavy metal pollution of industrial urban rivers.
Background
Heavy metal pollutants can enter the aquatic environment through the hydrodynamic action and biological activity of the river bank, so that the water quality is changed. At the same time, they may also be re-immobilized in sediments at the bottom of the river and released again into the surface water under the influence of hydrodynamic or biological disturbances, resulting in abrupt changes in the river water quality. Heavy metals have high mobility and interaction characteristics among water, sediment and soil, so that the risk of heavy metal pollution in one environment interval is likely to be diffused to other intervals through communication channels such as water, sediment and soil, and the risk of heavy metal pollution to river ecology and human health is further enlarged. In river ecosystems affected by industrial and regulated reservoirs, the process of mass exchange between different areas is more frequent, making river ecosystems and human health more threatening.
The existing heavy metal pollution risk evaluation methods mainly comprise two types: one is an evaluation method for ecological risk establishment of heavy metals, and the other is an evaluation method for human health risk establishment. However, for a special system of an industrial city river, the established evaluation method needs to consider both the ecological system health of the river and the human health in the industrial city living around the river, however, the existing method has certain limitations and lacks a comprehensive evaluation method to comprehensively consider the ecological risk and the human health risk of heavy metals. Therefore, in order to better evaluate the comprehensive risk of heavy metal pollution in industrial urban rivers, a new comprehensive evaluation method needs to be developed to evaluate the risk of heavy metal pollution on river ecology and human health more comprehensively and accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that in the prior art, the evaluation of heavy metal pollution only focuses on river ecological risks or human health risks, consideration factors are incomplete, the requirements of an industrial urban river system on comprehensive management of the heavy metal river ecological risks and the human health risks cannot be met, technical support cannot be effectively provided for the industrial urban river heavy metal pollution control technology, and further a comprehensive heavy metal pollution risk evaluation method for the industrial urban river is provided.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a comprehensive evaluation method for heavy metal pollution of an industrialized urban water body comprises the following specific implementation processes:
step one, determining and numbering heavy metal types to be detected in a research area according to comprehensive risk evaluation of heavy metal pollution of industrial urban rivers; if n heavy metals are to be detected in total, the metal numbers are 1, 2, …, i, …, n-1 and n; measuring the concentration of n heavy metals in each sample one by one, and calculating the average concentration value of each heavy metal respectively;
step two, calculating a comprehensive potential ecological risk index, an accumulated hazard index and an accumulated carcinogenic risk index of the river heavy metal based on the average concentration value of each heavy metal;
step three, constructing a comprehensive risk evaluation model suitable for heavy metal pollution of the industrial urban river based on the three indexes in the step two;
and step four, obtaining an environmental risk index EPRI of the region of the heavy metal pollution in the river to be evaluated by using the model constructed in the step three, and evaluating the heavy metal pollution degree of the river according to the EPRI value.
Further, the comprehensive potential ecological risk indexRIFor reflecting the degree of comprehensive potential influence of the heavy metals detected in the sediment and soil on the ecosystem, expressed by formula 1:
equation 1
Wherein: RI (RI) i Is the potential ecological risk index of single heavy metal; t (T) i Is the biotoxicity coefficient of single heavy metal; c (C) i Is a single heavy metalMeasured values in mg/kg; s is S i The unit is mg/kg of background value in single heavy metal soil.
Further, people are exposed to substances containing heavy metals by three routes of ingestion, inhalation or skin contact, and the relative contribution of each route of contact to chronic daily intake CDI is calculated by equation 2:
equation 2
Wherein: CDI (compact digital interface) ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i The chronic daily intake of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is expressed in mg/(kg.d); IR (IR) ing Daily soil and water intake for adults; EF represents the exposure frequency of water and soil; ED is the exposure time of adults; CF is the average conversion coefficient; BW is the average body weight of an adult; AT is the average time of non-carcinogenic effects or the average time of carcinogenic effects; SA is the surface area affected by skin contact of an adult; AF is the adhesion coefficient of skin and soil; ABS is skin adsorption factor; IR (IR) inh Is the daily rate of soil and water intake by adults; PEF is the particulate emission coefficient;
the cumulative hazard index HI is used to reflect the non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in water and soil and sediment affecting human health, and is represented by equation 3:
equation 3
Wherein: hI i Is the hazard index of single heavy metal; CDI (compact digital interface) ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i The chronic daily intake of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is expressed in mg/(kg.d); rfD ing,i ，RfD derm,i ，RfD inh,i The reference doses, in mg/(kg.d), representing the route of exposure of a single heavy metal by ingestion, skin contact and inhalation, respectively.
Further, the accumulated risk of carcinogenesis CR is used to reflect the risk of carcinogenicity of heavy metals in water and soil affecting human health, and is represented by formula 4:
equation 4
Wherein: CR (computed radiography) i A cumulative carcinogenic risk for single heavy metals; SF (sulfur hexafluoride) ing,i ，SF derm,i ，SF inh,i The unit of oncogenic slope factor representing the route of exposure of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is mg/(kg.d), respectively.
Further, based on different probability and degree of damage to human body caused by different kinds of risks, different weights are assigned to comprehensive potential ecological risks and human health risk indexes, wherein the human health risk indexes comprise accumulated hazard indexes and accumulated carcinogenic risk indexes, and finally, regional environment risk indexes EPRI are obtained as shown in formula 5:
equation 5
Where CR is the cumulative risk of carcinogenesis,RIfor the comprehensive potential ecological risk index, HI is the cumulative hazard index, subscript max represents maximum, min represents minimum, w 1 And w 2 The weights of the comprehensive potential ecological risk and human health risk indexes are respectively.
Further, a minimum-maximum normalization method is adopted, data of the ecological risk result and the human health risk result are mapped in a range from 0 to 1, and weights distributed to the ecological risk and the human health risk are obtained by adopting a hierarchical process analysis matrix.
In the fourth step, the heavy metal pollution degree of the river is evaluated according to the EPRI value, and when the EPRI is less than 0.25, the risk grade is low risk; when EPRI is more than 0.25 and less than or equal to 0.5, the risk grade is medium risk; when EPRI is more than 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.75, the risk grade is high risk; when EPRI is more than 0.75 and less than or equal to 1, the risk grade is extremely high.
The invention also provides a comprehensive evaluation system for heavy metal pollution of the industrialized urban water body, which comprises the following modules:
the average concentration value calculation module is used for determining and numbering heavy metal types to be detected in the range of the research area according to comprehensive risk evaluation of heavy metal pollution of the industrial urban river; if n heavy metals are to be detected in total, the metal numbers are 1, 2, …, i, …, n-1 and n; measuring the concentration of n heavy metals in each sample one by one, and calculating the average concentration value of each heavy metal respectively;
the index calculation module is used for calculating a comprehensive potential ecological risk index, an accumulated hazard index and an accumulated carcinogenic risk index of the river heavy metal based on the average concentration value of each heavy metal;
the risk evaluation model construction module is used for constructing a heavy metal pollution comprehensive risk evaluation model applicable to the industrial urban river based on the three indexes in the index calculation module;
the evaluation module is used for obtaining the regional environment risk index EPRI of the heavy metal pollution in the river to be evaluated by utilizing the model constructed by the risk evaluation model construction module, and evaluating the heavy metal pollution degree of the river according to the EPRI value.
Further, the comprehensive potential ecological risk indexRIFor reflecting the degree of comprehensive potential influence of the heavy metals detected in the sediment and soil on the ecosystem, expressed by formula 1:
equation 1
Wherein: RI (RI) i Is the potential ecological risk index of single heavy metal; t (T) i Is the biotoxicity coefficient of single heavy metal; c (C) i Is a single heavy metal measured value, and the unit is mg/kg; s is S i The unit is mg/kg for the background value in single heavy metal soil;
people are exposed to substances containing heavy metals by three routes of ingestion, inhalation or skin contact, the relative contribution of each route of contact to chronic daily intake CDI is calculated by equation 2:
equation 2
Wherein: CDI (compact digital interface) ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i The chronic daily intake of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is expressed in mg/(kg.d); IR (IR) ing Daily soil and water intake for adults; EF represents the exposure frequency of water and soil; ED is the exposure time of adults; CF is the average conversion coefficient; BW is the average body weight of an adult; AT is the average time of non-carcinogenic effects or the average time of carcinogenic effects; SA is the surface area affected by skin contact of an adult; AF is the adhesion coefficient of skin and soil; ABS is skin adsorption factor; IR (IR) inh Is the daily rate of soil and water intake by adults; PEF is the particulate emission coefficient;
the cumulative hazard index HI is used to reflect the non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in water and soil and sediment affecting human health, and is represented by equation 3:
equation 3
Wherein: HI (high intensity polyethylene) i Is the hazard index of single heavy metal; CDI (compact digital interface) ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i The chronic daily intake of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is expressed in mg/(kg.d); rfD ing,i ，RfD derm,i ，RfD inh,i Reference doses representing the route of exposure of a single heavy metal by ingestion, skin contact and inhalation, respectively, in mg/(kg·d);
the accumulated risk of carcinogenesis CR is used to reflect the risk of carcinogenicity of heavy metals in water and soil to affect human health, represented by equation 4:
equation 4
Wherein: CR (computed radiography) i A cumulative carcinogenic risk for single heavy metals; SF (sulfur hexafluoride) ing,i ，SF derm,i ，SF inh,i The unit of oncogenic slope factor representing the route of exposure of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is mg/(kg.d), respectively.
Further, based on different probability and degree of damage to human body caused by different kinds of risks, different weights are assigned to comprehensive potential ecological risks and human health risk indexes, wherein the human health risk indexes comprise accumulated hazard indexes and accumulated carcinogenic risk indexes, and finally, regional environment risk indexes EPRI are obtained as shown in formula 5:
equation 5
Where CR is the cumulative risk of carcinogenesis,RIfor the comprehensive potential ecological risk index, HI is the cumulative hazard index, subscript max represents maximum, min represents minimum, w 1 And w 2 The weights of the comprehensive potential ecological risk and human health risk indexes are respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the method has the advantages that the consideration factors are comprehensive, the river ecological risk and the human health risk are considered, the requirements of the industrial urban river system on comprehensive management of the heavy metal river ecological risk and the human health risk are met, and technical support is effectively provided for the industrial urban river heavy metal pollution control technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plot of a profile of a sample of an initial segment downstream of a river evaluated using the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a comprehensive evaluation chart of regional environmental risks in dry season, dry-rain transition season and rainy season of a certain river downstream initial section evaluated by the method of the invention.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of promoting an understanding and appreciation of the various aspects of the invention, reference will be made to the drawings and specific examples, it will be apparent that the invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some but not all embodiments of the invention are illustrated. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a comprehensive evaluation method for heavy metal pollution of an industrialized urban water body, which comprises the following steps:
step one, determining and numbering heavy metal types to be detected in a research area according to comprehensive risk evaluation of heavy metal pollution of industrial urban rivers; if n heavy metals are required to be detected in total, the metal numbers are 1, 2, …, i, …, n-1, n and 1<n are less than or equal to 45; n heavy metal concentrations of each sample are measured one by one, and the average concentration value of each heavy metal is calculated.
And step two, determining a comprehensive potential ecological risk index and a human health risk index (comprising an accumulated hazard index and an accumulated carcinogenic risk index) of the river heavy metal.
Selecting 3 indexes of a comprehensive potential ecological risk index, an accumulated hazard index and an accumulated carcinogenic risk index to construct a heavy metal pollution comprehensive risk evaluation model applicable to industrial urban rivers;
comprehensive potential ecological risk indexRIFor reflecting the degree of comprehensive potential influence of the heavy metals detected in the sediment and soil on the ecosystem, expressed by formula 1:
equation 1
Wherein: RI (RI) i Is the potential ecological risk index of single heavy metal; t (T) i Is the biotoxicity coefficient of single heavy metal; c (C) i Is a single heavy metal measured value, and the unit is mg/kg; s is S i The unit is mg/kg of background value in single heavy metal soil.
People contact substances containing heavy metals through three ways of ingestion, inhalation or skin contact. The relative contribution of each contact pathway to chronic daily intake CDI can be calculated by equation 2:
equation 2
Wherein: CDI (compact digital interface) ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i The chronic daily intake of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is expressed in mg/(kg.d); IR (IR) ing Daily soil (100 mg/d) and water (2.5L/d) intake for adults; EF represents the frequency of exposure of water and soil, and the recommended value for USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. environmental protection agency) is 350 days/year; ED is the exposure time of adults (24 years); CF is the average conversion coefficient (10 -6 kg/mg); BW is the average body weight of an adult (56.8 kg); AT is the average time of non-carcinogenic effects (35 years, 12775 days) or the average time of carcinogenic effects (70 years, 25550 days); SA is the surface area affected by adult skin contact (1530 cm 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the AF is the adhesion coefficient of skin and soil (0.49 mg/cm 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the ABS is skin adsorption factor (0.001); IR (IR) inh Is soil (20 m) for adult daily 3 /d) and water (0.0017 m 3 Inhalation rate of/d); PEF is the particle emission coefficient (1.3610 9 m 3 /kg）。
The cumulative hazard index HI is used to reflect the non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in water and soil and sediment affecting human health, and is represented by equation 3:
equation 3
Wherein: HI (high intensity polyethylene) i Is the hazard index of single heavy metal; CDI (compact digital interface) ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i The chronic daily intake of single heavy metals through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is represented by mg/(kg.d) and calculated by the formula 2; rfD ing,i ，RfD derm,i ，RfD inh,i Respectively represent single heavy metalsThe reference dose is mg/(kg.d) by ingestion, skin contact and inhalation exposure routes, and the values are according to the study of scholars at home and abroad, and are shown in Table 13.
The accumulated risk of carcinogenesis CR is used to reflect the risk of carcinogenicity of heavy metals in water and soil to affect human health, represented by equation 4:
equation 4
Wherein: CR (computed radiography) i A cumulative carcinogenic risk for single heavy metals; SF (sulfur hexafluoride) ing,i ，SF derm,i ，SF inh,i The unit of the oncogenic slope factor representing the way of single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation exposure is mg/(kg.d), and the value is according to the study of scholars at home and abroad, and is shown in Table 13.
Step three, construction of heavy metal pollution comprehensive risk evaluation model suitable for industrial urban river
Based on different kinds of risks, different probability and hazard degrees of the risks possibly causing injury to human bodies, different weights are allocated to ecological risks and human health risk indexes (including accumulated hazard indexes and accumulated carcinogenic risk indexes), and finally the regional environment risk index EPRI is obtained, as shown in formula 5:
equation 5
W in 1 And w 2 Weights for ecological risk and human health risk, respectively, the subscript max represents the maximum value and min represents the minimum value; the data of the ecological risk results and the human health risk results are mapped in the range of 0 to 1 using a min-max normalization method, which allows us to compare on the same order of magnitude. The weights assigned to ecological risks and human health risks can be obtained by using a hierarchical process analysis matrix, and the specific processes are as follows: first, build a layerA secondary structure model; and a second step of: determining a scale and constructing a judgment matrix; and a third step of: feature vector, feature root calculation and weight calculation; fourth step: consistency test analysis; fifth step: and (5) analyzing conclusion.
Step four,As a comprehensive risk evaluation model suitable for the heavy metal pollution of the industrial urban river, obtaining an environmental risk index EPRI of the region of the heavy metal pollution in the river to be evaluated according to the model, and evaluating the heavy metal pollution degree of the river according to the EPRI value.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the comprehensive risk of heavy metals in the initial section of the downstream of a river is evaluated, therefore, 6 key prevention and control pollutants Cu, zn, V, as, cd, pb are selected as research factors, sample data are collected on 7 monitoring sections of the river main flow, and the collection time is 3 months, 4 months and 7 months in 2018, and respectively correspond to drought seasons, drought-rain transition seasons and rain seasons. Wherein: and (3) collecting water sample data 21 times, collecting soil sample data 18 times, and collecting sediment sample data 6 times. A common approach to sediment contact is wading, and since the water depth of the investigation region is deep enough, above 2m, the present example ignores the hazard of heavy metals in the sediment to human health.
1. According to comprehensive risk evaluation of heavy metal pollution of industrial urban rivers, determining the types of heavy metals to be detected in the range of a research area and numbering the heavy metals; 6 heavy metals are detected, and the number of the heavy metals is 1-6; 6 heavy metal concentrations of each sample are measured one by one, and the average concentration value of each heavy metal is calculated.
2. And (3) determining the comprehensive potential ecological risk index, the accumulated hazard index and the accumulated carcinogenic risk index of the river heavy metal.
(1) And calculating the comprehensive potential ecological risk index of the heavy metals in the soil and the sediment.
Measuring the concentration of each heavy metal in each collected sample (water, soil and sediment) one by one, and calculating the concentration average value C of the ith heavy metal i And according to the formulaCalculating potential ecological risk indexes of ith heavy metal in soil and sediment one by one, wherein T i Is the biotoxicity coefficient of single heavy metal; s is S i Background value in single heavy metal soil. The comprehensive potential ecological risk indexes of the soil are calculated according to the dry season, the dry-rain transition season and the rain season respectively, the comprehensive potential ecological risk indexes of the sediment are calculated according to the dry season, and the data obtained in the step are shown in tables 1-4.
(2) And calculating the accumulated hazard index of heavy metals in water and soil.
According to the formulaCalculating hazard indexes of ith heavy metal in water and soil one by one, wherein CDI ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i Chronic daily intake, representing intake, skin contact and inhalation of a single heavy metal, respectively, is calculated by formula 2; rfD ing,i ，RfD derm,i ，RfD inh,i Reference doses representing the route of exposure of a single heavy metal by ingestion, skin contact and inhalation, respectively, are shown in table 13; the data obtained in this step are shown in tables 5 to 10.
(3) And calculating the accumulated carcinogenic risk index of the heavy metals in the water and the soil.
According to the formulaCalculating the carcinogenic risk index of the ith heavy metal in water and soil one by one, wherein CDI ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i Chronic daily intake, representing intake, skin contact and inhalation of a single heavy metal, respectively, is calculated by formula 2; SF (sulfur hexafluoride) ing,i ，SF derm,i ，SF inh,i The carcinogenic slope factor, which represents the route of exposure of a single heavy metal by ingestion, skin contact and inhalation, respectively, is shown in table 13, and since only Cd and As were identified As human carcinogens, this step only counted the carcinogenic risk index of these two heavy metals, and the data obtained are shown in tables 11 and 12.
3. According to expert scoring and effect evaluation, a hierarchical process analysis matrix is adopted to obtain risk weights, and the weights of the ecological risk and the human health risk are respectively 0.33 and 0.67.
4. According to the formulaThe environmental risk index EPRI of the heavy metal contaminated area in the river was calculated and is shown in Table 14. And (5) evaluating the pollution degree of the heavy metal in the river according to the EPRI value. The evaluation criteria are based on the regional characteristics of the present embodiment and are studied by scholars at home and abroad: when EPRI is less than 0.25, the risk level is low risk; when EPRI is more than 0.25 and less than or equal to 0.5, the risk grade is medium risk; when EPRI is more than 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.75, the risk grade is high risk; when EPRI is more than 0.75 and less than or equal to 1, the risk grade is extremely high. And judging that the heavy metal pollution risk level in the drought season and the rainy season of the area is medium risk and the heavy metal pollution risk level in the drought-rain transition season is low risk according to the standard.
Table 1 soil-dry season potential comprehensive ecological risk
TABLE 2 soil-drought transition season potential comprehensive ecological risk
TABLE 3 soil-rainy season potential comprehensive ecological risk
TABLE 4 sediment-potential comprehensive ecological risk in dry seasons
TABLE 5 soil-dry season cumulative hazard index
TABLE 6 soil-drought rain transition season cumulative hazard index
TABLE 7 soil-rain accumulation hazard index
TABLE 8 cumulative hazard index in dry to wet seasons
TABLE 9 cumulative hazard index during Water-Dry rain transition season
TABLE 10 cumulative hazard index in water-rain season
Table 11 soil-drought, drought-rain transition season, rain season carcinogenic risk index
TABLE 12 carcinogenic risk index in water-dry season, dry-rain transition season, rainy season
TABLE 13 RfD and SF values
Table 14 regional environmental risk indices
In particular, the method according to the technical solution of the present invention may be implemented by those skilled in the art using computer software technology to implement an automatic operation flow, and a system apparatus for implementing the method, such as a computer readable storage medium storing a corresponding computer program according to the technical solution of the present invention, and a computer device including the operation of the corresponding computer program, should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a comprehensive evaluation system for heavy metal pollution of the industrialized urban water body, which comprises the following modules:
the average concentration value calculation module is used for determining and numbering heavy metal types to be detected in the range of the research area according to comprehensive risk evaluation of heavy metal pollution of the industrial urban river; if n heavy metals are to be detected in total, the metal numbers are 1, 2, …, i, …, n-1 and n; measuring the concentration of n heavy metals in each sample one by one, and calculating the average concentration value of each heavy metal respectively;
the index calculation module is used for calculating a comprehensive potential ecological risk index, an accumulated hazard index and an accumulated carcinogenic risk index of the river heavy metal based on the average concentration value of each heavy metal;
the risk evaluation model construction module is used for constructing a heavy metal pollution comprehensive risk evaluation model applicable to the industrial urban river based on the three indexes in the index calculation module;
the evaluation module is used for obtaining the regional environment risk index EPRI of the heavy metal pollution in the river to be evaluated by utilizing the model constructed by the risk evaluation model construction module, and evaluating the heavy metal pollution degree of the river according to the EPRI value.
The specific implementation manner of each module corresponds to each step, and the invention is not written.
It should be understood that the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment examples is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather to limit the scope of the claims, and that those skilled in the art can make substitutions or modifications without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The comprehensive evaluation method for the heavy metal pollution of the industrialized urban water body is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, determining and numbering heavy metal types to be detected in a research area according to comprehensive risk evaluation of heavy metal pollution of industrial urban rivers; if n heavy metals are to be detected in total, the metal numbers are 1, 2, …, i, …, n-1 and n; measuring the concentration of n heavy metals in each sample one by one, and calculating the average concentration value of each heavy metal respectively;
step two, calculating a comprehensive potential ecological risk index, an accumulated hazard index and an accumulated carcinogenic risk index of the river heavy metal based on the average concentration value of each heavy metal;
comprehensive potential ecological risk indexRIFor reflecting the degree of comprehensive potential influence of the heavy metals detected in the sediment and soil on the ecosystem, expressed by formula 1:
equation 1
Wherein: RI (RI) i Is the potential ecological risk index of single heavy metal; t (T) i Is the biotoxicity coefficient of single heavy metal; c (C) i Is a single heavy metal measured value, and the unit is mg/kg; s is S i The unit is mg/kg for the background value in single heavy metal soil;
people are exposed to substances containing heavy metals by three routes of ingestion, inhalation or skin contact, the relative contribution of each route of contact to chronic daily intake CDI is calculated by equation 2:
equation 2
Wherein: CDI (compact digital interface) ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i The chronic daily intake of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is expressed in mg/(kg.d); IR (IR) ing Daily soil and water intake for adults; EF represents the exposure frequency of water and soil; ED is the exposure time of adults; CF is the average conversion coefficient; BW is the average body weight of an adult; AT is the average time of non-carcinogenic effects or the average time of carcinogenic effects; SA is the surface area affected by skin contact of an adult; AF is the adhesion coefficient of skin and soil; ABS is skin adsorption factor; IR (IR) inh Is the daily rate of soil and water intake by adults; PEF is the particulate emission coefficient;
the cumulative hazard index HI is used to reflect the non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in water and soil and sediment affecting human health, and is represented by equation 3:
equation 3
Wherein: HI (high intensity polyethylene) i Is the hazard index of single heavy metal; CDI (compact digital interface) ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i The chronic daily intake of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is expressed in mg/(kg.d); rfD ing,i ，RfD derm,i ，RfD inh,i Reference doses representing the route of exposure of a single heavy metal by ingestion, skin contact and inhalation, respectively, in mg/(kg·d);
the accumulated risk of carcinogenesis CR is used to reflect the risk of carcinogenicity of heavy metals in water and soil to affect human health, represented by equation 4:
equation 4
Wherein: CR (computed radiography) i A cumulative carcinogenic risk for single heavy metals; SF (sulfur hexafluoride) ing,i ，SF derm,i ，SF inh,i The unit of the oncogenic slope factor which respectively represents the single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation exposure is mg/(kg.d);
step three, constructing a comprehensive risk evaluation model suitable for heavy metal pollution of the industrial urban river based on the three indexes in the step two;
based on different probabilities and different degrees of harm to human bodies caused by different kinds of risks, different weights are assigned to comprehensive potential ecological risks and human health risk indexes, wherein the human health risk indexes comprise accumulated hazard indexes and accumulated carcinogenic risk indexes, and finally, the regional environment risk index EPRI is obtained as shown in formula 5:
equation 5
Where CR is the cumulative risk of carcinogenesis,RIfor the comprehensive potential ecological risk index, HI is the cumulative hazard index, subscript max represents maximum, min represents minimum, w 1 And w 2 Respectively comprehensive potential ecological risks and peopleA health risk index-like weight;
and step four, obtaining an environmental risk index EPRI of the region of the heavy metal pollution in the river to be evaluated by using the model constructed in the step three, and evaluating the heavy metal pollution degree of the river according to the EPRI value.
2. The comprehensive evaluation method for heavy metal pollution of an industrialized urban water body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: mapping the data of the ecological risk result and the human health risk result in the range of 0 to 1 by adopting a minimum-maximum normalization method, and obtaining the weights distributed to the ecological risk and the human health risk by adopting a hierarchical process analysis matrix.
3. The comprehensive evaluation method for heavy metal pollution of an industrialized urban water body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the fourth step, the heavy metal pollution degree of the river is evaluated according to the EPRI value, and when the EPRI is less than 0.25, the risk level is low risk; when EPRI is more than 0.25 and less than or equal to 0.5, the risk grade is medium risk; when EPRI is more than 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.75, the risk grade is high risk; when EPRI is more than 0.75 and less than or equal to 1, the risk grade is extremely high.
4. The comprehensive evaluation system for heavy metal pollution of the industrialized urban water body is characterized by comprising the following modules:
the average concentration value calculation module is used for determining and numbering heavy metal types to be detected in the range of the research area according to comprehensive risk evaluation of heavy metal pollution of the industrial urban river; if n heavy metals are to be detected in total, the metal numbers are 1, 2, …, i, …, n-1 and n; measuring the concentration of n heavy metals in each sample one by one, and calculating the average concentration value of each heavy metal respectively;
the index calculation module is used for calculating a comprehensive potential ecological risk index, an accumulated hazard index and an accumulated carcinogenic risk index of the river heavy metal based on the average concentration value of each heavy metal;
comprehensive potential ecological risk indexRIFor reflecting the comprehensive potential of the sediment and the heavy metals detected in the soil to the ecosystemThe degree of influence is expressed by formula 1:
equation 1
Wherein: RI (RI) i Is the potential ecological risk index of single heavy metal; t (T) i Is the biotoxicity coefficient of single heavy metal; c (C) i Is a single heavy metal measured value, and the unit is mg/kg; s is S i The unit is mg/kg for the background value in single heavy metal soil;
people are exposed to substances containing heavy metals by three routes of ingestion, inhalation or skin contact, the relative contribution of each route of contact to chronic daily intake CDI is calculated by equation 2:
equation 2
Wherein: CDI (compact digital interface) ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i The chronic daily intake of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is expressed in mg/(kg.d); IR (IR) ing Daily soil and water intake for adults; EF represents the exposure frequency of water and soil; ED is the exposure time of adults; CF is the average conversion coefficient; BW is the average body weight of an adult; AT is the average time of non-carcinogenic effects or the average time of carcinogenic effects; SA is the surface area affected by skin contact of an adult; AF is the adhesion coefficient of skin and soil; ABS is skin adsorption factor; IR (IR) inh Is the daily rate of soil and water intake by adults; PEF is the particulate emission coefficient;
the cumulative hazard index HI is used to reflect the non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in water and soil and sediment affecting human health, and is represented by equation 3:
equation 3
Wherein: HI (high intensity polyethylene) i Is the hazard index of single heavy metal; CDI (compact digital interface) ing,i ，CDI derm,i ，CDI inh,i The chronic daily intake of a single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation is expressed in mg/(kg.d); rfD ing,i ，RfD derm,i ，RfD inh,i Reference doses representing the route of exposure of a single heavy metal by ingestion, skin contact and inhalation, respectively, in mg/(kg·d);
the accumulated risk of carcinogenesis CR is used to reflect the risk of carcinogenicity of heavy metals in water and soil to affect human health, represented by equation 4:
equation 4
Wherein: CR (computed radiography) i A cumulative carcinogenic risk for single heavy metals; SF (sulfur hexafluoride) ing,i ，SF derm,i ，SF inh,i The unit of the oncogenic slope factor which respectively represents the single heavy metal through ingestion, skin contact and inhalation exposure is mg/(kg.d);
the risk evaluation model construction module is used for constructing a heavy metal pollution comprehensive risk evaluation model applicable to the industrial urban river based on the three indexes in the index calculation module;
based on different probabilities and different degrees of harm to human bodies caused by different kinds of risks, different weights are assigned to comprehensive potential ecological risks and human health risk indexes, wherein the human health risk indexes comprise accumulated hazard indexes and accumulated carcinogenic risk indexes, and finally, the regional environment risk index EPRI is obtained as shown in formula 5:
equation 5
Where CR is the cumulative risk of carcinogenesis,RIfor the comprehensive potential ecological risk index, HI is the cumulative hazard index, subscript max represents maximum, min represents minimum, w 1 And w 2 Respectively integrating the weights of the potential ecological risk and the human health risk indexes;
the evaluation module is used for obtaining the regional environment risk index EPRI of the heavy metal pollution in the river to be evaluated by utilizing the model constructed by the risk evaluation model construction module, and evaluating the heavy metal pollution degree of the river according to the EPRI value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310662851.1A CN116402353B (en) | 2023-06-06 | 2023-06-06 | Comprehensive evaluation method and system for heavy metal pollution of industrialized urban water body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310662851.1A CN116402353B (en) | 2023-06-06 | 2023-06-06 | Comprehensive evaluation method and system for heavy metal pollution of industrialized urban water body |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116402353A CN116402353A (en) | 2023-07-07 |
| CN116402353B true CN116402353B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
Family
ID=87016467
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310662851.1A Active CN116402353B (en) | 2023-06-06 | 2023-06-06 | Comprehensive evaluation method and system for heavy metal pollution of industrialized urban water body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116402353B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117151550B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-26 | 南通中奥车用新材料有限公司 | production quality detection method and device for pvc artificial leather |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4502396A (en) * | 1983-04-25 | 1985-03-05 | Teller Environmental Systems, Inc. | Control of dioxin emissions from incineration |
| WO2012135227A2 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-04 | Eddie Reed | Methods and systems for assessing exposure to heavy metals |
| CN102880800A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-16 | 常州大学 | Regional soil environment priority control pollutant screening method based on health risk |
| CN103793580A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-14 | 黑龙江省环境保护科学研究院 | Modeling method of heavy metal optimal control pollutant screening model based on river ecosystem |
| CN103793620A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-14 | 黑龙江省环境保护科学研究院 | Comprehensive ecological risk assessment method for river three-phase space heavy metal pollution |
| CN107978368A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-01 | 南京大学 | A kind of heavy metal health risk assessment method in depositing dust based on metal SBET |
| CN110991795A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉科技大学 | Construction method for contaminated site annual risk assessment system |
| CN111144759A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-12 | 南京大学 | Industrial adjustment method based on comprehensive environment risk field |
| CN111915217A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-10 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | GIS-based mining area soil heavy metal potential risk evaluation method |
| CN113919569A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-11 | 山西大地民基生态环境股份有限公司 | Ecological health risk evaluation method for soil heavy metal |
| CN114357889A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for screening land parcel soil priority control pollutants based on crowd health risks and application of method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111260208B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-09-22 | 生态环境部环境规划院 | Regional gridding accumulative environment risk assessment system and method based on risk field |
-
2023
- 2023-06-06 CN CN202310662851.1A patent/CN116402353B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4502396A (en) * | 1983-04-25 | 1985-03-05 | Teller Environmental Systems, Inc. | Control of dioxin emissions from incineration |
| WO2012135227A2 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-04 | Eddie Reed | Methods and systems for assessing exposure to heavy metals |
| CN102880800A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-16 | 常州大学 | Regional soil environment priority control pollutant screening method based on health risk |
| CN103793580A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-14 | 黑龙江省环境保护科学研究院 | Modeling method of heavy metal optimal control pollutant screening model based on river ecosystem |
| CN103793620A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-14 | 黑龙江省环境保护科学研究院 | Comprehensive ecological risk assessment method for river three-phase space heavy metal pollution |
| CN107978368A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-01 | 南京大学 | A kind of heavy metal health risk assessment method in depositing dust based on metal SBET |
| CN110991795A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉科技大学 | Construction method for contaminated site annual risk assessment system |
| CN111144759A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-12 | 南京大学 | Industrial adjustment method based on comprehensive environment risk field |
| CN111915217A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-10 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | GIS-based mining area soil heavy metal potential risk evaluation method |
| CN113919569A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-11 | 山西大地民基生态环境股份有限公司 | Ecological health risk evaluation method for soil heavy metal |
| CN114357889A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for screening land parcel soil priority control pollutants based on crowd health risks and application of method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 土壤重金属污染评价方法;郭笑笑;刘丛强;朱兆洲;王中良;李军;;生态学杂志(05);全文 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116402353A (en) | 2023-07-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Ewaid et al. | Water quality index for Al-Gharraf river, southern Iraq | |
| CN116402353B (en) | Comprehensive evaluation method and system for heavy metal pollution of industrialized urban water body | |
| Austigard et al. | Hydrogen sulphide exposure in waste water treatment | |
| Wills et al. | Application of the national sanitation foundation water quality index in Cazenovia Creek, NY, pilot watershed management project | |
| Francy et al. | Escherichia coli at Ohio bathing beaches: Distribution, sources, wastewater indicators, and predictive modeling | |
| Kauffman et al. | Water quality trends (1970 to 2005) along Delaware streams in the Delaware and Chesapeake Bay watersheds, USA | |
| Mophin-Kani et al. | Evaluation and classification of water quality of Perennial River Tamirabarani through aggregation of water quality index | |
| Butts | Sediment oxygen demand studies of selected northeastern Illinois streams | |
| Curran et al. | Sediment load and distribution in the lower Skagit River, Skagit County, Washington | |
| Yakovlev et al. | Evaluation of heavy metal pollution of snow and groundwater on the territory of suburban community garden plots of the Arkhangelsk Agglomeration (Northwest Russia) | |
| Oprea et al. | SBC-MEDIU: A multi-expert system for environmental diagnosis | |
| Tong et al. | Nonpoint source pollution | |
| Diaz et al. | Water resources data Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands water year 2003 | |
| Bales et al. | Eutrophication study of Lake Daylesford, Victoria | |
| Decena | Mathematical Modeling of Enterococcus, Fecal Coliform, and Total Coliform in the Tijuana River | |
| Sexton et al. | A stochastic method to characterize model uncertainty for a nutrient TMDL | |
| Fitriana et al. | Investigation of Deoxygenation Rate Determination in Cikakembang River, West Java, Indonesia | |
| Glennon | Estimating microorganism densities in aerosols from spray irrigation of wastewater | |
| CN112434907A (en) | Method and system for determining groundwater pollution remediation threshold of refuse landfill | |
| CN115938581A (en) | Transformer substation fire residue risk assessment method, system, medium and equipment | |
| Hathaway | An Evaluation of Indicator Bacteria Transport in Stormwater Runoff and Removal in Stormwater Control Measures. | |
| Anderson et al. | Water Resources Data California Water Year 2000 | |
| Crompton | Effect of land use on sediment oxygen demand dynamics in blackwater streams | |
| Rifai et al. | Total maximum daily loads for PCBs in the Houston Ship Channel | |
| Miller et al. | Water resources data, Michigan, water year 1982 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |