CN116396910B - 鼠李糖乳杆菌及其在缓解自身免疫和皮肤过敏中的应用 - Google Patents
鼠李糖乳杆菌及其在缓解自身免疫和皮肤过敏中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116396910B CN116396910B CN202310603003.3A CN202310603003A CN116396910B CN 116396910 B CN116396910 B CN 116396910B CN 202310603003 A CN202310603003 A CN 202310603003A CN 116396910 B CN116396910 B CN 116396910B
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Abstract
本发明公开了鼠李糖乳杆菌及其在缓解自身免疫和皮肤过敏中的应用,其中,一种鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041(Lactobacillus rhamnosus),该菌株R7041已保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,其保藏号为CGMCC No.25101;鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041可以应用在皮肤过敏、皮肤过敏相关炎症、增强自身免疫、调节人体肠道菌群、降低肠上皮细胞损伤等用途的内服产品中,达到预防、缓解和/或治疗皮肤过敏的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微生物领域,具体涉及鼠李糖乳杆菌及其在缓解自身免疫和皮肤过敏中的应用。
背景技术
过敏性皮肤疾病是一种广泛的炎症性皮肤疾病,具有多因素病因和复杂的发病机制。最常见的过敏性皮肤病是过敏性接触性皮炎、湿疹、慢性荨麻疹、银屑病等。发病机制主要包括由于免疫系统对各种刺激(机械性皮肤损伤、接触化学品、食物、家庭和其他过敏原、真菌和葡萄球菌感染等)的过度炎症反应导致的表皮屏障损伤。临床上表现为便秘、皮肤脱落、充血(发红),常伴有坏死区域的形成。
对于内服型治疗过敏性皮肤病的产品,通常需要采用多种益生菌组合,这类多种益生菌组合物通过有效调节肠道菌群,增强机体免疫力,进而缓解皮肤过敏现象,然而,这类多功能益生菌在缓解皮肤过敏方面的应用有限,其潜在功效和潜在机制尚不清楚。而对于单种益生菌而言,其缓解和治疗过敏性皮肤疾病的方式通常是用做外敷,针对性的实现局部过敏症状的治疗,其作为内服产品时对过敏性皮肤疾病治疗效果有限。
发明内容
因此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于现有技术种并没有公开可用于内服治疗过敏性皮肤疾病的单种益生菌产品的缺陷,从而提供解决上述问题的鼠李糖乳杆菌及其在缓解自身免疫和皮肤过敏中的应用。
一种鼠李糖乳杆菌Lactobacillus rhamnosus R7041,该菌株R7041已保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏时间为2022年06月16日,保藏地址为北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,其保藏编号为CGMCC No. 25101,该菌株的检测结果为存活。
该鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041具有良好的耐受胃酸、胆盐的能力,因而可以作为内服产品使用。
鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041在制备以下(1)-(5)任意一种内服产品中的用途,
(1)预防、缓解和/或治疗皮肤过敏的内服产品;
(2)降低皮肤过敏相关炎症细胞因子的产品;
(3)增强自身免疫的产品;
(4)调节人体肠道菌群的产品;
(5)降低肠上皮细胞损伤的产品。
所述过敏相关炎症细胞因子包括但不限于TSLP和IL33相关基因在小肠内表达的细胞因子;优选的,降低皮肤过敏相关炎症细胞因子IgE、IgG2α、IL-5、IL-13含量,增加皮肤过敏相关炎症细胞因子IgA、IL-2、IFN-γ含量。
所述增强自身免疫的产品为促进T细胞、B细胞和树突状细胞的发育而实现自身免疫增强的产品。
一种内服产品,包括鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041;
所述内服产品为含有鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041原料的产品。
所述鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041原料为鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041的培养物、发酵物或冻干粉中的至少一种。
所述内服产品中鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041的活菌总数达到1.0×108cfu/g以上,优选为活菌总数达到5.0×108cfu/g以上。
所述内服产品为食品、药品或保健品。
所述内服产品为益生菌菌剂。
本发明技术方案,具有如下优点:
本发明提供的鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041(Lactobacillus rhamnosus),其口服后具有良好的肠道定植能力,能通过调节人体肠道菌群降低肠上皮细胞损伤、增强自身免疫、降低相关炎症细胞因子的表达等,进而有效降低过敏症状评分,有效达到预防、缓解和/或治疗皮肤过敏的效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实验例1中的皮肤过敏症状评分详情结果图;
图2为实验例1中的十二指肠上皮细胞相关症状评分结果图;
图3为实验例1中的空肠上皮细胞相关症状评分结果图;
图4为实验例1中的TSLP相关基因表达详情结果图;
图5 为实验例1中的IL33相关基因表达详情结果图;
图6 为相关抗体和B淋巴细胞调节的检测的结果图;其中,A为IgE表达详情结果图,B为IgG2a表达详情结果图,C为IgA表达详情结果图,D为GL7+ CD95的发育状态结果图,E为B220+ IgA+的发育状态结果图;
图7为对T淋巴细胞调节的检测的结果图;其中,A为IL-5浓度结果图,B为IL-13浓度结果图,C为IL-2浓度结果图, D为IFN-γ浓度结果图,E为IL-5、IL-13 mRNA表达详情结果图,F为IL-2、IFN-γmRNA表达详情结果图;
图8树突状细胞的相关检测结果图;其中,A为CD11c+CD103+DC占比(%)结果图,B为Aldh1a2和IDO基因的表达情况结果图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种益生菌鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041菌粉,为原料菌粉,本实施例中该原料菌粉中的活菌总数达到5.0×1011cfu/g以上。
该原料菌粉的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)菌种的活化:将-40℃冷冻保存的鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041菌株分别接种于121℃、15min灭菌后对应的液体培养基中,37℃厌氧培养18-24h,如此传代培养1-2次得到活化菌种;鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041采用乳酸菌优化培养基进行培育。
2) 乳酸菌优化培养基的配制:
将乳酸菌优化培养基各成分按比例配制,混合均匀后调pH值为6.5,121℃下灭菌15min;
乳酸菌优化培养基组成如下:蔗糖23.5Kg,乳糖12.0Kg,大豆蛋白胨15.0Kg,酵母粉5.0Kg,酵母胨12Kg,Na2HPO321.0Kg,柠檬酸2.0Kg,MgSO4·7H2O 0.6Kg,MnSO4·5H2O0.3Kg,吐温-80 1.0Kg,L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.3Kg,蒸馏水定容至1000L。
3)种子液的制备:
取步骤1)中活化好的各个菌种接种于2)中配制的乳酸菌优化培养基中,37℃厌氧培养至pH值为4.5-4.8时停止,获得种子液;
4)接种与发酵:
将步骤3)的种子液,按1‰接种于2)中配制的乳酸菌优化培养基中,在控制的发酵条件下发酵18h;
发酵条件控制为:发酵前期30℃恒温培养,自然发酵至pH为5.0;再调整发酵温度为37℃恒温培养,并控制pH保持6.0,保持厌氧发酵。此步骤中通过添加中和剂的方法控制pH保持6.0,该中和剂是NaOH。
其中厌氧发酵条件的保持方式为:通过每两个小时通氮气一次的方法实现。
5)终止发酵
当菌体产酸停止时终止发酵,得到菌株的高密度发酵液,发酵液活菌数达到2×1010cfu/ml以上。其中,通过pH不再降低、中和剂添加停止来判断产酸是否停止。
6)冷冻干燥
a.菌体浓缩:高密度发酵液经12000g离心浓缩菌体;
b.添加保护剂:菌体浓缩液添加5倍重量的保护剂溶液;保护剂溶液组成如下:脱脂乳15Kg,乳糖12Kg,维生素C 1Kg,谷氨酸钠1Kg,蒸馏水1000L。
c.干燥:将上述添加保护剂后的菌悬液经冷冻干燥得到冻干菌粉,将各株菌粉按照比例(菌落形成单位数目比例)混合,控制混合的菌粉中活菌总数达到5.0×1011cfu/g以上。
实施例2
一种益生菌组合物,包括实施例1制备得到的鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041菌粉0.06g,以及辅料麦芽糊精5.94g。其制备方法为:分别称量鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041菌粉和麦芽糊精,将两者混合均匀即可。
本实施例中该益生菌组合物的活菌数不低于1.0×108cfu/g。
实施例3
一种复合益生菌组合物,包括实施例1制备得到的鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041菌粉0.06g,以及辅料菊粉5.94g。其制备方法为:分别称量鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041菌粉和菊粉,将两者混合均匀即可。
本实施例中该益生菌组合物的活菌数不低于1.0×108cfu/g。
实验例
首先从南美白对虾中提取和纯化原肌球蛋白(Tm),浓度为15 ug/mL,并选取小鼠作为实验材料。根据实验需求,设置四个组,每组各10只小鼠。四个组分别如下:
PBS组:每天仅注射PBS溶液,250ug/只,空白对照组;
CTB组:每天注射霍乱霉素亚基B(CTB),250ug/只,辅助对照组;
TM组:每天灌胃原肌球蛋白(Tm),0.2 mL /只;
TM+PRO组:每天灌胃原肌球蛋白和实施例1制备得到的益生菌鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041菌粉,Tm灌胃 0.2 mL /只,菌粉灌胃5.0×108cfu/只。
CTB为霍乱霉素中的非毒性部分,具有很强的免疫原性,可增强免疫效力和免疫特异性。在第5、18和33天采集血液样本,进行检测;在最后一次采集后,采集小鼠器官样本。对小鼠的临床症状进行评估;对过敏原特异性血清抗体、相关基因表达进行检测;组织学相关评估等。试验方式和试验结果如图1-8所示。
1、皮肤过敏症状改善的评分规则和评价结果
对于皮肤过敏状态,我们进行了相关评分从0分至5分,分数越高代表过敏反应越严重。
评分具体规则如下:
0分:无症状,大便正常;
1分:用后腿反复抓挠口/耳和挖耳道,少量湿便和未成形便;
2分:活动减少,自我隔离,眼睛和/或嘴巴周围浮肿,大便潮湿且未成形,有一些黄色粘液;
3分:静止时间超过1分钟,俯卧,活动减少,大便多湿,未成形,有大量黄色粘液;
4分:对胡须刺激无反应,对刺激反应减少或无反应,大量湿便和未成形便,被毛有中度肛周染色;
5分:震颤、抽搐和死亡,严重水样便。
根据评分规则获取的评分结果如图1所示,其中,图中各组字母abc分别代表显著性差异关系,字母相同时代表两组之间不具有显著性差异,字母不同代表两组之间具有显著性差异。
结果发现:CTB组仅发生轻微的过敏反应、TM组则发生了严重的过敏反应,而服用益生菌组合物的TM+PRO组则有所好转,这表明益生菌鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041是有效的抗过敏剂。
2、调节肠道菌群、降低肠上皮细胞损伤的检测方法和检测结果
对十二指肠和空肠的损伤进行组织学评估,评估过程为:
在无菌条件下,从单个小鼠身上分别取出肠段(每个3-5 cm长),包括十二指肠和空肠,并放入4%多聚甲醛中过夜。脱水、包埋和切片后进行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色和甲苯胺蓝染色,以评估组织损伤和炎症浸润。
组织学评分规则为:
0分:0%,无组织损伤;
1分:0%-10%,组织损伤轻微(到达粘膜下层);
2分:10%-25%,组织损伤中等(达到肌肉层);
3分:25%-100%,组织损伤严重(达到浆膜层)。
根据评估规则获取的十二指肠和空肠的评分结果如图2和图3所示。
通过图2-3可知,与正常的CTB组相比,TM组上皮细胞呈绒毛状,发炎且不规律同时细胞浸润增加。而服用益生菌后,在一定程度上可以预防过敏反应所造成上皮细胞损伤,其中空肠上皮细胞的状态基本可以完全恢复。
3、调节细胞因子的表达量的检测方法和检测结果
3.1、对TSLP和IL33相关基因在小肠内的相关基因表达量进行检测。
利用E.Z.N.A.®总RNA试剂盒II(Omega Bio-Tek,USA)提取样品中的总RNA。通过使用NanoDrop 2000分光光度计(Thermo Fisher Scientific,USA)来评估RNA的数量和质量,以测量A260/A280吸光度比。使用HiScript II Q RT SuperMix逆转录PCR获得总cDNA。通过实时定量PCR(RT-qPCR)进行特异性基因表达分析。持家基因β-肌动蛋白基因作为内参基因,并使用标准的2-δδct方法分析结果。
TSLP和IL33相关基因的相关基因表达量如图4和图5所示。
通过表4和表5的结果可知:益生菌可以减少TSLP和IL33相关基因在小肠内的表达,即降低相关过敏反应细胞因子的表达。
3.2、对相关抗体和B淋巴细胞调节的检测方法和检测结果
对血液样本中的IgE、IgG2a、IgA进行检测,检测结果如图6中的A-C所示,同时,对GL7+CD95+B淋巴细胞和B220+IgA+B淋巴细胞的占比进行检测,检测结果如图6中的D-E所示。
通过图6的结果可知,本发明的益生菌可以有效降低IgE浓度,如图6中A所示;降低IgG2a浓度,如图6中B所示;促进IgA的表达,诱导IgA的耐受性,如图6中C所示;同时脾脏中B淋巴细胞发育可以产生不同的抗体,经过益生菌诱导GL7+CD95+B淋巴细胞比例更高,如图6中D所示;B220+IgA+B淋巴细胞比例更高,如图6中E所示。
3.3、对T淋巴细胞调节的检测方法和检测结果
对血液样本中的IL-2、IL-5、IL-13、IFN-γ等细胞因子水平进行检测,获得不同细胞因子的表达水平,如图7中A-D所示,同时以CTB组为基准,获得各组中IL-2、IL-5、IL-13和IFN-γ细胞因子的相对基因表达量,如图7中E-F所示。
通过图7可知,益生菌促进了T淋巴细胞的发育,通过益生菌干预后,Th2型细胞因子被抑制,Th1型细胞因子被促进,从而达到了抑制后续诱发炎症以及过敏反应的目的。
3.4、树突状细胞(DC)的检测方法和检测结果
树突状细胞(DC)可以呈递抗原信息给下游的T细胞,并通过刺激信号和细胞因子指导T淋巴细胞的分化。CD103+DC是免疫耐受的主要调节剂,具体表达为Aldh1a2和IDO,并且最终促进T细胞分化进入Treg,抑制Th2产生。
本实验例中对树突状细胞(DC)相关的CD11c+CD103+DC百分率,以及Aldh1a2和IDO基因的表达量进行检测,检测结果如图8所示。
通过图8可知,益生菌的干预可以显著提升CD11c+CD103+DC的百分率,增加Aldh1a2和IDO基因的表达;这表明益生菌R7041可以促进树突状细胞(DC)的发育,调节DC细胞的分化。
综上可知,益生菌鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041干预可以有效缓解皮肤过敏现象,使相关过敏症状评分显著下降。并且益生菌还可以减轻因过敏导致的肠上皮细胞损伤,降低相关炎症细胞因子的表达。同时改变树突状细胞,促进T细胞和B细胞的发育,从而达到抑制过敏反应的发生。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (6)
1.鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)R7041在制备以下(1)-(3)任意一种内服产品中的用途,
(1)调节内服原肌球蛋白导致的皮肤过敏相关炎症细胞因子的产品;所述过敏相关炎症细胞因子包括TSLP和IL33相关基因在小肠内表达的细胞因子;降低皮肤过敏相关炎症细胞因子IgE、IgG2a、IL-5和IL-13的含量,增加皮肤过敏相关炎症细胞因子 IgA、IL-2和IFN-γ含量;
(2)促进树突状细胞发育以增强自身免疫的产品;所述增强自身免疫的产品为促进T细胞和B细胞的发育而实现自身免疫增强的产品;
(3)降低内服原肌球蛋白导致的肠上皮细胞损伤的产品;
该鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041已保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,其保藏号为CGMCC No. 25101。
2.一种预防、改善和/或治疗内服原肌球蛋白导致的症状的内服产品,其特征在于,包括权利要求1所述的一种鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041,所述鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041的活菌总数达到1.0×108cfu/g以上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的内服产品,其特征在于,所述内服产品中含有鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041原料;所述鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041原料为鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041的培养物、发酵物或冻干粉中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的内服产品,其特征在于,所述鼠李糖乳杆菌R7041的活菌总数达到5.0×108 cfu/g以上。
5.根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的内服产品,其特征在于,所述内服产品为药品。
6.根据权利要求5所述的内服产品,其特征在于,所述内服产品为益生菌菌剂。
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