CN116396066B - Precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability - Google Patents
Precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability Download PDFInfo
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- CN116396066B CN116396066B CN202310372409.5A CN202310372409A CN116396066B CN 116396066 B CN116396066 B CN 116396066B CN 202310372409 A CN202310372409 A CN 202310372409A CN 116396066 B CN116396066 B CN 116396066B
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
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- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic material additive manufacturing, in particular to a precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability, which is implemented by a precise direct-writing 3D printing device, and comprises the following steps: mixing ceramic material particles and silicon dioxide nano particles in a weight ratio of 1:1-2, pouring into deionized water to form a mixed solution, enabling the solid content of solid particles in the mixed solution to be 30% -40%, and dispersing the solid particles in the mixed solution by utilizing ultrasonic treatment to obtain ceramic slurry; a heating plate is arranged on the base plate, and a water-absorbing microporous gypsum board is arranged on the heating plate; preheating a heating plate, injecting ceramic slurry into a needle tube of a direct-writing 3D printer, and performing direct-writing 3D printing on a water-absorbing microporous gypsum board to obtain a ceramic intermediate; after printing, the ceramic piece intermediate with the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board is placed into an incubator to be sintered into a three-dimensional part, and the three-dimensional part has the advantages of high printing precision, low cost and high efficiency and is good in practicality.
Description
The scheme is a divisional application taking an invention patent with application date of 2022-11-01, application number of CN202211355213.7 and name of 'a ceramic slurry preparation method and a precise direct writing 3D printing method' as a parent application.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic material additive manufacturing, in particular to a precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability.
Background
The conventional ceramic part preparation process is divided into a dry powder pressing process and a wet process, wherein the dry powder pressing process is used for preparing the ceramic part by pressing solid-phase powder into a mold and then sintering, and the wet process comprises injection molding, casting molding, freezing casting or slip casting, wherein the principle of the dry powder pressing process is that a ceramic-based raw material is injected into the mold and then solidified and sintered. The traditional ceramic part preparation process needs a die, and has the defects of high cost, long period and complex manufacture.
Direct-writing 3D printing is one of the most popular additive manufacturing technologies in recent years, and belongs to a material extrusion type additive manufacturing technology according to the working principle, wherein the principle is as follows: the material is prepared into ink with good printing performance, and the ink is extruded from the piston through the piston and is piled layer by layer to form a three-dimensional part.
Direct-write 3D printing has been widely used in the preparation of ceramic parts. In order to maintain the ceramic paste having high viscosity during direct-write 3D printing to maintain forming stability, the prior art has prepared ceramic pastes having high solid phase content for direct-write 3D printing. For example, patent application number CN113045297B, a 3D direct-writing printing composite ceramic slurry, a preparation method and the obtained ceramic, and the patent of the invention, which is authorized, disclose a high solid phase content composite ceramic slurry for direct-writing 3D printing. With high solid content ceramic slurries, a nozzle with a larger inside diameter must be selected to extrude the slurry. However, the larger the inside diameter of the nozzle, the lower the printing accuracy of direct-write 3D printing. In order to realize precise direct-writing 3D printing, ceramic slurry with low solid content needs to be prepared, but the ceramic slurry with low solid content cannot meet the requirement of maintaining the shape stability in direct-writing 3D printing.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability is provided, and the shape retention of the ceramic slurry with low solid phase content in direct-writing 3D printing is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability is implemented by a precise direct-writing 3D printing device, and the precise direct-writing 3D printing device comprises a substrate, a heating plate, a water absorption microporous gypsum board, a direct-writing 3D printer and an incubator; the heating plate is arranged on the base plate, the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board is arranged on the heating plate, the direct-writing 3D printer is provided with a needle tube for storing ceramic slurry, the needle tube is used for performing direct-writing 3D printing on the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board, and the incubator is used for sintering a ceramic piece intermediate body with the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board obtained by direct-writing 3D printing into a three-dimensional part;
the precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability comprises the following steps of: mixing ceramic material particles and silicon dioxide nano particles in a weight ratio of 1:1-2, pouring into deionized water to form a mixed solution, enabling the solid content of solid particles in the mixed solution to be 30% -40%, and dispersing the solid particles in the mixed solution by utilizing ultrasonic treatment to obtain ceramic slurry; a heating plate is arranged on the base plate, and a water-absorbing microporous gypsum board is arranged on the heating plate; preheating a heating plate, injecting ceramic slurry into a needle tube of a direct-writing 3D printer, and performing direct-writing 3D printing on a water-absorbing microporous gypsum board to obtain a ceramic intermediate; and after printing, placing the ceramic intermediate with the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board into an incubator to be sintered into a three-dimensional part.
Further, the steps specifically include: the particle size of the ceramic material particles is selected to be 7-12 microns, and the particle size of the silica nanoparticles is selected to be 80-100 nanometers.
Further, the steps specifically include: the duration of the ultrasonic treatment is 6-8 hours.
Further, a water-absorbing microporous gypsum board with the pore size of 0.5-1 mm is selected.
Further, the length direction of the pores of the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board is made perpendicular to the substrate.
Further, the temperature of the preheated heating plate is controlled within the range of 65-75 ℃.
Further, the ceramic slurry is put into a vacuum dryer for drying before direct-writing 3D printing.
Further, before direct-writing 3D printing, a nozzle with an inner diameter ranging from 0.05 to 0.15mm is selected, the moving speed of the preset nozzle ranges from 5mm/s to 15mm/s, and the height range of the preset layer ranges from 0.05 to 0.15mm.
Further, after the ceramic intermediate is placed in an incubator, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 650-750 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 3-4 hours, and then the ceramic intermediate is cooled along with the room temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the precise direct-writing 3D printing method has the advantages that the ceramic slurry with low solid content is prepared, the ceramic slurry with low solid content can be precisely direct-writing 3D printing by adopting the nozzle with small inner diameter, meanwhile, the shape retention of the ceramic slurry with low solid content in direct-writing 3D printing is improved by arranging the heating plate and the water absorption microporous gypsum board on the substrate, and the method has the advantages of high printing precision, low cost and high efficiency and is good in practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a precision direct-write 3D printing method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mounting locations of the heating plate and the water absorbing microporous gypsum board of the precision direct-write 3D printing method of the present invention;
1. a substrate; 2. a heating plate; 3. a water-absorbing microporous gypsum board.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical contents, the achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be made with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability, which is applied to a direct-writing 3D printing technology.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the method for preparing ceramic slurry of the present invention comprises the following steps:
mixing ceramic material particles and silicon dioxide nano particles in a weight ratio of 1:1-2, pouring into deionized water to form a mixed solution, enabling the solid content of solid particles in the mixed solution to be 30% -40%, and dispersing the solid particles in the mixed solution by utilizing ultrasonic treatment to obtain ceramic slurry.
From the above description, it is known that the ceramic slurry with low solid content is prepared, and the ceramic slurry with low solid content can be precisely printed by direct writing 3D using a nozzle with a small inner diameter, and meanwhile, the shape retention of the ceramic slurry with low solid content in direct writing 3D printing is improved by arranging the heating plate 2 and the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board 3 on the substrate 1, so that the ceramic slurry with low solid content has the advantages of high printing precision, low cost and high efficiency, and is good in practicability.
In an alternative embodiment, the steps specifically include: the particle size of the ceramic material particles is selected to be 7-12 microns, and the particle size of the silica nanoparticles is selected to be 80-100 nanometers.
In an alternative embodiment, the steps specifically include: the duration of the ultrasonic treatment is 6-8 hours.
The invention also provides a precision direct-writing 3D printing method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a heating plate 2 on a base plate 1, and arranging a water absorption microporous gypsum board 3 on the heating plate 2;
s2, preheating a heating plate 2, injecting ceramic slurry into a needle tube of a direct-writing 3D printer, and performing direct-writing 3D printing on the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board 3 to obtain a ceramic intermediate;
and S3, after printing, placing the ceramic piece intermediate with the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board 3 into an incubator to be sintered into a three-dimensional part.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the precise direct-writing 3D printing method is used for preparing the ceramic slurry with low solid content, the ceramic slurry with low solid content can be subjected to precise direct-writing 3D printing by adopting the nozzle with small inner diameter, meanwhile, the shape retention of the ceramic slurry with low solid content in direct-writing 3D printing is improved by arranging the heating plate 2 and the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board 3 on the substrate 1, and the method has the advantages of high printing precision, low cost, high efficiency and good practicability.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S1 specifically includes step S11:
the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board 3 with the pore size of 0.5-1 mm is selected.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S1 specifically includes step S12:
the longitudinal direction of the pores of the water absorbing microporous gypsum board 3 is made perpendicular to the substrate 1.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S2 specifically includes step S21:
the temperature of the preheated heating plate 2 is controlled within the range of 65-75 ℃.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S2 specifically includes step S22:
and before direct-writing 3D printing, the ceramic slurry is put into a vacuum dryer for drying.
From the above description, it is known that drying can remove bubbles in the slurry.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S2 specifically includes step S23:
before direct-writing 3D printing, a nozzle with the inner diameter range of 0.05-0.15mm is selected, the moving speed of the preset nozzle is 5-15 mm/s, and the height range of the preset layer is 0.05-0.15mm.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S3 specifically includes step S31:
after the ceramic intermediate is put into an incubator, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 650-750 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 3-4 hours, and then the ceramic intermediate is cooled along with the room temperature.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a first embodiment of the present invention is as follows: ceramic slurry for precision direct-writing 3D printing;
the preparation process of the ceramic slurry comprises the following steps: mixing ceramic material particles and silicon dioxide nano particles in a ratio of 1:1-2, pouring the mixed solid particles into deionized water to form a mixed solution, wherein the solid content of the solid particles in the mixed solution is 30% -40%; the dispersion of the solid particles in the mixed solution is achieved by ultrasonic treatment.
Preferably, the ceramic material particles may be selected from one of silicon carbide ceramic particles, silicon nitride ceramic particles, boron nitride ceramic particles, aluminum nitride ceramic particles, and zirconium oxide ceramic particles.
Preferably, the particles of ceramic material have a particle diameter of 7-12 microns.
Preferably, the particle diameter of the silica nanoparticles is 80-100 nm.
Preferably, the sonication time is 6-8 hours.
Preferably, the ceramic slurry obtained has a viscosity of 300-1000 pa.s.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a second embodiment of the present invention is as follows: a direct-write 3D printing method for prepared ceramic slurry; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a heating plate 2 on a base plate 1, and arranging a water absorption microporous gypsum board 3 on the heating plate 2;
s2, preheating a heating plate 2, and injecting ceramic slurry into a needle tube in a direct-writing 3D printer for direct-writing 3D printing;
and S3, after printing, placing the ceramic piece intermediate with the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board 3 into an incubator to be sintered into a three-dimensional part.
In step S1, a heating plate 2 is placed over the base plate 1, and a water absorbing microporous gypsum board 3 is placed over the heating plate 2.
The printed ceramic slurry is deposited on the water absorbing microporous gypsum board 3.
Preferably, the water absorbing microporous gypsum board 3 has a pore size of 0.5-1 mm and a pore length direction perpendicular to the substrate 1.
In the step S2, the temperature of the preheating heating plate 2 is 65-75 ℃; before injecting ceramic slurry into a needle tube in a direct-writing 3D printer for direct-writing 3D printing, placing the ceramic slurry into a vacuum dryer for drying so as to remove bubbles in the slurry;
in step S2, when direct-writing 3D printing is performed, the inner diameter of the nozzle is 0.05-0.15mm, the moving speed of the nozzle is set to 5-15 mm/S, and the layer height is set to 0.05-0.15mm.
In step S3, the temperature set by the incubator is: raising the temperature from room temperature to 650-750 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 3-4 hours, and then cooling along with the room temperature; and (3) taking down the ceramic three-dimensional part from the water absorption microporous gypsum board 3 after cooling by using a scraper, and completing 3D printing.
The reason that the direct-writing 3D printing method for the prepared ceramic slurry can achieve that the ceramic slurry with low solid phase content keeps shape stability in direct-writing 3D printing is as follows: the capillary suction pipe effect of the micropores in the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board 3 arranged on the heating plate 2 rapidly sucks away the moisture of the ceramic slurry, and the heating plate 2 accelerates the solidification of the slurry in the direct-writing 3D printing process so as to promote the shape maintenance stability of the ceramic slurry in the direct-writing 3D printing process.
In summary, the precise direct-writing 3D printing method provided by the invention has the advantages that the ceramic slurry with low solid content is prepared, the ceramic slurry with low solid content can be precisely direct-writing 3D printing by adopting the nozzle with small inner diameter, meanwhile, the shape retention of the ceramic slurry with low solid content in direct-writing 3D printing is improved by arranging the heating plate and the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board on the substrate, and the method has the advantages of high printing precision, low cost, high efficiency and good practicability.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes made by the specification and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect application in the relevant art, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability is characterized by being implemented by a precise direct-writing 3D printing device, wherein the precise direct-writing 3D printing device comprises a substrate, a heating plate, a water absorption microporous gypsum board, a direct-writing 3D printer and an incubator; the heating plate is arranged on the base plate, the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board is arranged on the heating plate, the direct-writing 3D printer is provided with a needle tube for storing ceramic slurry, the needle tube is used for performing direct-writing 3D printing on the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board, and the incubator is used for sintering a ceramic piece intermediate body with the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board obtained by direct-writing 3D printing into a three-dimensional part;
the precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability comprises the following steps of: silicon carbide ceramic particles, silicon nitride ceramic particles, boron nitride ceramic particles, aluminum nitride ceramic particles or zirconium oxide ceramic particles are selected as ceramic material particles, the ceramic material particles and silicon dioxide nano particles are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1-2, and then poured into deionized water to form mixed solution, so that the solid content of solid particles in the mixed solution is 30% -40%, and the solid particles are dispersed in the mixed solution by ultrasonic treatment to obtain ceramic slurry; a heating plate is arranged on the base plate, and a water-absorbing microporous gypsum board is arranged on the heating plate; preheating a heating plate, injecting ceramic slurry into a needle tube of a direct-writing 3D printer, and performing direct-writing 3D printing on a water-absorbing microporous gypsum board to obtain a ceramic intermediate; and after printing, placing the ceramic intermediate with the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board into an incubator to be sintered into a three-dimensional part.
2. The stable precision direct-writing 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the steps specifically include: the particle size of the ceramic material particles is selected to be 7-12 microns, and the particle size of the silica nanoparticles is selected to be 80-100 nanometers.
3. The stable precision direct-writing 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the steps specifically include: the duration of the ultrasonic treatment is 6-8 hours.
4. The precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board with the pore size of 0.5-1 mm is selected.
5. The method for precision direct-writing 3D printing with good stability according to claim 4, wherein the length direction of the pores of the water-absorbing microporous gypsum board is made perpendicular to the substrate.
6. The fine direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the preheated heating plate is controlled within a range of 65 to 75 ℃.
7. The fine-precision direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability according to claim 6, wherein the ceramic slurry is dried in a vacuum dryer before direct-writing 3D printing.
8. The precise direct-writing 3D printing method with good stability according to claim 7, wherein before direct-writing 3D printing is performed, a nozzle with an inner diameter ranging from 0.05 mm to 0.15mm is selected, the moving speed of a preset nozzle ranges from 5mm/s to 15mm/s, and the height range of a preset layer ranges from 0.05 mm to 0.15mm.
9. The method for precision direct-writing 3D printing with good stability according to claim 1, wherein after the ceramic intermediate is put into an incubator, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 650 ℃ to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 3 to 4 hours, and then the ceramic intermediate is cooled along with the room temperature.
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| CN116396066A (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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