CN116395970A - Process for producing microcrystalline glass by using dangerous waste incineration ash shaft furnace and electric melting glass kiln - Google Patents
Process for producing microcrystalline glass by using dangerous waste incineration ash shaft furnace and electric melting glass kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN116395970A CN116395970A CN202310162860.4A CN202310162860A CN116395970A CN 116395970 A CN116395970 A CN 116395970A CN 202310162860 A CN202310162860 A CN 202310162860A CN 116395970 A CN116395970 A CN 116395970A
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0063—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing waste materials, e.g. slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B1/00—Preparing the batches
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/02—Other methods of shaping glass by casting molten glass, e.g. injection moulding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B32/00—Thermal after-treatment of glass products not provided for in groups C03B19/00, C03B25/00 - C03B31/00 or C03B37/00, e.g. crystallisation, eliminating gas inclusions or other impurities; Hot-pressing vitrified, non-porous, shaped glass products
- C03B32/02—Thermal crystallisation, e.g. for crystallising glass bodies into glass-ceramic articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/02—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of recycling and recovery of dangerous waste, in particular to a process for producing microcrystalline glass by using a dangerous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass kiln. The process is realized based on a shaft furnace and an electrothermal glass kiln, and comprises the following steps: step one: adding hazardous waste material into the shaft furnace; step two: oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the shaft furnace, the temperature in the shaft furnace is increased, and a fused product obtained after the dangerous waste raw materials are fused is obtained; step three: separating slag and molten iron in a molten product obtained after the hazardous waste raw material is molten; step four: adding the separated slag into an electric heating glass kiln; step five: performing modulation operation in an electric heating glass kiln, and adding a crystal nucleus agent after modulation is finished; step six: and (3) leading out the melt in the electric heating glass kiln into a die, and then conveying the die into a heat treatment furnace for heat treatment to obtain the microcrystalline glass blank. The process is used for recycling dangerous waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of recycling and recovery of dangerous waste, in particular to a process for producing microcrystalline glass by using a dangerous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass kiln.
Background
The current treatment method for the main stream of dangerous waste with high heat value is a rotary kiln incineration method, but ash obtained by incineration is still defined as dangerous waste at present, and the dangerous waste is required to be solidified and then enters a dangerous waste landfill site for safe landfill. With the increasing shortage of land resources, the landfill cost is higher and higher, and the dangerous waste incineration ash is needed to explore new ways, so that the resource utilization becomes one of possible paths. The obstacle to recycling of the hazardous waste incineration ash is organic pollutants represented by heavy metals and dioxins contained therein, and thus how to solve the problems of heavy metals and organic pollutants in the hazardous waste incineration ash has become a hot spot of research.
The melting vitrification technology is to heat raw materials such as ash slag and the like to melt, and because the melting temperature is generally higher, organic pollutants such as dioxin and the like are completely decomposed, and the components of the molten slurry are regulated to be quenched to form a glass phase, so that heavy metals are fixed in the glass phase and can not be dissolved out and released into the environment, thereby thoroughly solving the problems of heavy metals and organic pollutants.
At present, research results are not reported in the production of glass ceramics by using dangerous wastes. In the embodiment of the patent (application number CN 201910312992.4), a method for producing glass ceramics by using an ore-smelting electric furnace by incinerating ash residues in a hazardous waste rotary kiln is reported, the hazardous waste is incinerated in the rotary kiln, the full combustion is ensured, the bottom slag is obtained at the kiln head and the kiln tail of the rotary kiln, the slag temperature is 800 ℃, the hot burning reduction rate is 2.5%, the hot bottom slag is directly sent into the ore-smelting electric furnace by a sealed chute, fly ash is pressed into particles by adopting a dry granulation technology, the particles are sent into the ore-smelting electric furnace, meanwhile, quartz sand is added as a conditioning agent, the melt is treated at a high temperature in the ore-smelting electric furnace to obtain the glass ceramics, the melt is clarified, and the crystallization is performed to obtain the glass ceramics. In actual production, because dangerous waste forms are different, the difference of ingredients is huge, the burning loss of the incineration ash is extremely huge, the burning loss cannot be guaranteed to be 2.5%, the burning loss is generally more than 10% and even up to 20%, the graphite electrode is heated by the submerged arc furnace, CO is generated by oxidation of the graphite electrode in the production process, the atmosphere in the furnace is a weak reducing atmosphere, residual organic matters in the incineration ash are difficult to oxidize into a gas phase, the residual organic matters exist in the melting slurry in the form of simple substance carbon, and the glass melting slurry is broken in the solidification process; meanwhile, the dangerous waste raw materials can exist raw materials with high medium melting point, such as ceramic balls and the like, and are difficult to melt at the melting temperature of 1350 ℃; the hazardous waste raw materials contain a large amount of iron raw materials such as waste packaging barrels, so that the iron content in the incineration ash in actual production is generally more than 10%, a slag-iron separation process is not embodied in the embodiment, and the metal iron can cause deformation and breakage of microcrystalline glass, so that the embodiment cannot be used as a guiding basis in actual production.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the technology, the invention aims to provide a process for producing glass ceramics by using a hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass kiln, by using the method, unburnt organic matters and carbon residues in the rotary kiln can be completely decomposed, inorganic matters such as ash residues and the like are completely melted into slag phases, the slag phases and metal phases in the incineration ash residues are completely melted and separated, and are respectively discharged out of the furnace for recycling, and meanwhile, the process can treat fly ash generated in the hazardous waste incineration process such as cloth bag ash, quench tower ash, waste heat boiler ash and the like, so that the hazardous waste incineration is completely free from solid waste.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the process for producing glass ceramics by using the shaft furnace and the electric melting glass kiln for incinerating ash slag by using dangerous waste is realized on the basis of the shaft furnace and the electric melting glass kiln and comprises the following steps:
step one: adding hazardous waste material into the shaft furnace;
step two: oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the shaft furnace, the temperature in the shaft furnace is increased, and a fused product obtained after the dangerous waste raw materials are fused is obtained;
step three: separating slag and molten iron in a molten product obtained after the hazardous waste raw material is molten;
step four: adding the separated slag into an electric heating glass kiln;
step five: performing modulation operation in an electric heating glass kiln, and adding a crystal nucleus agent after modulation is finished;
step six: and (3) leading out the melt in the electric heating glass kiln into a die, and then conveying the die into a heat treatment furnace for heat treatment to obtain the microcrystalline glass blank.
Further defined, the hazardous waste material comprises hazardous waste incineration bottom slag and pretreated fly ash, and a conditioning slag former and a carbonaceous block material are mixed in the hazardous waste material.
Further defined, the maximum temperature in the shaft furnace in step two is greater than 1700 ℃.
Further limited, before the hazardous waste incineration bottom slag, the pretreated fly ash, the hardening and tempering slag former and the carbonaceous block materials are added into the shaft furnace, screening is needed, and the screening granularity is controlled to be between 5mm and 100 mm.
Further limited, the shaft furnace in the step 2 adopts a natural gas burner, and oxygen-enriched air is blown into the furnace when the temperature in the furnace at the oxygen injection port on the shaft furnace is increased to not lower than 600 ℃.
Further defined, the outlet temperature of the secondary combustion chamber in the shaft furnace is not lower than 1200 ℃, and flue gas generated in the shaft furnace stays in the secondary combustion chamber for at least 2s.
Further defined, in the step 5, the modifier is at least one of broken glass, limestone, quartz sand, dolomite and sodium carbonate, and the crystal nucleus agent is TiO 2 ZnO, zrO and Cr 2 O 3 At least one of them.
Further, it is limited that the chemical composition is adjusted before adding the crystal nucleus agent so that the chemical composition after adjustment is CaO 10-35%, mgO 3-15%, siO 2 40-60％、Al 2 O 3 5-30% and the sum of other impurities is not more than 5%.
Further, in the sixth step, a clarification and component uniformity operation is required before the melt in the electrothermal glass furnace is led out to the mold.
Further limited, in the step six, the heat treatment process comprises nucleation and crystallization, wherein the nucleation temperature is 550-750 ℃, the nucleation time is 1-3h, the crystallization temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the crystallization time is 3-5h.
The technical effects obtained by the technical scheme are as follows:
1. the ash slag generated by the incineration of hazardous waste is defined as hazardous waste, a large amount of land still needs to be occupied by safe landfill, organic pollutants are completely eliminated through fusion treatment, heavy metals are fixed into a glass phase, and dangerous factors are completely eliminated.
2. The shaft furnace has higher treatment temperature, the inside is in an oxidizing atmosphere, the unburnt organic matters and carbon residues have higher content, the unburnt organic matters and carbon residues can be decomposed completely in the shaft furnace, and the requirements on dangerous waste incineration ash are relatively loose, so that the process parameter interval of feeding and incineration in the front-end incineration process can be enlarged.
3. Slag iron sedimentation can be completed in the shaft furnace, no requirement is made on the iron content in the dangerous waste raw materials, and the dangerous waste iron packages are shredded and then put into a rotary kiln to be burnt, so that the iron raw materials in the shaft furnace are melted and separated from slag in a hearth.
4. Can treat the hazardous waste incineration fly ash, so that no extra solid waste is generated in the whole process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram in the present solution;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shaft furnace;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of oxygen nozzles on a shaft furnace;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric melting glass kiln;
fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of an electric melting glass furnace.
Reference numerals of the drawings
100 shaft furnace body, 101 raw material inlet, 102 oxygen spraying port, 103 overheat layer, 104 burner inserting port, 105 iron port, 106 slag port, 107 fume outlet, 108 refractory material, 109 water cooling jacket, 110 water cooling grid, 201 electric melting glass kiln body, 202 electric melting glass kiln roof, 203 glass liquid, 204 glass liquid discharging port, 205 metal sedimentation tank, 206 electric melting glass kiln electrode.
Detailed Description
The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the process for producing glass ceramics by using the hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace and the electric melting glass kiln is realized by using the shaft furnace and the electric melting glass kiln, and comprises the following steps:
step one: adding hazardous waste material into the shaft furnace;
step two: oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the shaft furnace, the temperature in the shaft furnace is increased, and a fused product obtained after the dangerous waste raw materials are fused is obtained;
step three: separating slag and molten iron in a molten product obtained after the hazardous waste raw material is molten;
step four: adding the separated slag into an electric heating glass kiln;
step five: performing modulation operation in an electric heating glass kiln, and adding a crystal nucleus agent after modulation is finished;
step six: and (3) leading out the melt in the electric heating glass kiln into a die, and then conveying the die into a heat treatment furnace for heat treatment to obtain the microcrystalline glass blank.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, for better explaining the technical solution, a device for realizing the technical solution is also introduced in the present embodiment, wherein the device comprises a shaft furnace, the shaft furnace mainly comprises a shaft furnace body 100, the shaft furnace body 100 is composed of a refractory material 108 and a water cooling jacket 109, a flue gas outlet is arranged at the upper end of the shaft furnace body 100, a raw material inlet 101 is arranged at the upper part of the shaft furnace body, at least four oxygen nozzles 102 which are symmetrically distributed and have an included angle of 90 ° between two adjacent oxygen nozzles are arranged at the middle part, an iron opening 105 and a slag opening 106 are respectively arranged at the lower part, an overheat layer 103 is arranged at the lower part near the interior of the shaft furnace body 100, a water cooling grid 110 is arranged at the lower part of the overheat layer 103, and a burner insertion opening 104 is arranged below the water cooling grid 110, and in the present embodiment, the burner is a natural gas burner. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the electric melting glass kiln system includes: 201 electric melting glass kiln body, 202 electric melting glass kiln boiler roof, 203 glass liquid, 204 glass liquid discharge outlet, 205 metal sedimentation tank, 206 electric melting glass kiln electrode.
Therefore, the technology in the technical scheme can be specifically as follows:
a raw material inlet 101 is arranged at the top of the shaft furnace, and the dangerous waste incineration bottom slag, the pretreated fly ash, the tempering slag former and the carbonaceous block materials are pretreated and premixed and then enter the furnace, wherein the tempering slag former plays a role in adjusting slag components, and the carbonaceous block materials play a role in supporting a material column, ventilating and providing partial fuel;
the shaft furnace is provided with an oxygen spraying port 102, pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the shaft furnace, the internal atmosphere of the shaft furnace can be controlled to be an oxidizing atmosphere, and unburnt organic matters and carbon residues in the dangerous waste incineration ash are completely oxidized and decomposed;
the lower part of the shaft furnace is provided with a burner insertion port 104, the burner is inserted into the shaft furnace to provide a main heat source for ash fusion, and the highest temperature in the shaft furnace is controlled to be more than 1700 ℃ by adopting high-calorific-value fuel, oxygen-enriched combustion air, preheating and other regulation conditions.
The shaft furnace is internally provided with an overheat layer and a water-cooling grid 110, wherein the overheat layer 103 is formed by stacking corundum balls, the overheat layer 103 is supported by the water-cooling grid 110, the water-cooling grid 110 is formed by carbon steel pipes, cooling water is introduced into the water-cooling grid, slag and molten iron drop and pass through the overheat layer 103, so that the temperature is further increased, the viscosity is reduced, and solidification caused by temperature reduction is prevented;
the shaft furnace burner is inserted below the water cooled grid 110. The shaft furnace is provided with a water cooling system, wherein the water cooling system comprises grid water cooling and shaft furnace outer wall water cooling, and cooling water is supplied continuously in the whole smelting process.
The shaft furnace is provided with a hearth part, slag and metal melt enter the hearth after passing through the overheat layer 103, sedimentation separation is completed in the hearth, a slag hole 106 and a tap hole 105 are formed in the hearth, and slag and molten iron flow out from the slag hole 106 and the tap hole 105 respectively, so that the purpose of slag-iron separation is achieved;
the top of the shaft furnace is provided with a smoke outlet 107, the smoke enters a secondary combustion chamber for secondary combustion, the temperature of the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is not lower than 1200 ℃, the residence time of the smoke in the secondary combustion chamber is not lower than 2s, and the smoke is subjected to SNCR denitration, quenching, dry deacidification, dust removal, spray deacidification, electric defogging and other conventional dangerous waste smoke treatment processes after heat recovery of the smoke by a waste heat boiler and then is discharged at high altitude.
Slag flows into the electric heating glass kiln from the shaft furnace slag hole 106 through a closed chute, a molybdenum electrode is arranged on the side wall of the electric heating glass kiln by utilizing the principle that the slag can conduct electricity, the slag is heated by utilizing resistance heat, one or more of hardening and tempering agents (broken glass, quartz, limestone, dolomite, sodium carbonate and the like) are added according to the chemical components of the slag in the glass kiln, final hardening and tempering are carried out in the electric heating glass kiln, and crystal nucleus agents are added after the hardening and tempering are finished, so that the components are uniform.
And (3) the melt enters and fills the microcrystalline glass die through an outlet of the electric heating glass kiln, and is sent into a heat treatment furnace for heat treatment, so that a microcrystalline glass blank body is finally obtained, and the microcrystalline glass product is formed through cutting, grinding and polishing. Preferably, the heat treatment furnace is a roller hearth furnace, and the temperatures controlled by different areas of the roller hearth furnace are different.
The specific process flow of the technical scheme is as follows:
incineration of hazardous waste bottom slag, desalted and pretreated fly ash, tempering slag former (stone)English, sandstone, limestone, dolomite, broken glass, etc.) and carbonaceous block materials, sieving raw materials, controlling the granularity to be between 5mm and 100mm, adding the raw materials into a shaft furnace through a charging port, and interlocking a charging hopper by a baffle plate of the shaft furnace, wherein the baffle plate is automatically opened during feeding and closed during melting, thereby ensuring air tightness. The burner adopts a natural gas burner, the combustion improver is oxygen-enriched air, and after the burner is started, oxygen-enriched air is blown into the furnace when the temperature in the furnace near the oxygen injection port is increased to not lower than 600 ℃. And flue gas generated by the shaft furnace enters the secondary combustion chamber to carry out secondary combustion, the outlet temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is not lower than 1200 ℃, the residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is not lower than 2s, and the flue gas is discharged at high altitude after waste heat recovery and treatment. The method comprises the steps of continuously and periodically opening a slag hole and a tap hole of a shaft furnace in the smelting process, wherein the opening mode is an opening machine, molten iron flows out of the tap hole into a die to cast iron blocks, slag flows into an electric heating glass kiln through a slag hole through a closed chute, a modifying agent (one or more of broken glass, limestone, quartz sand, dolomite, sodium carbonate and the like) is added from an auxiliary material adding port of the electric heating glass kiln, and finally, chemical components (mass fraction) are controlled to be 10-35% of CaO, 3-15% of MgO and SiO 2 40-60％、Al 2 O 3 5-30%, other impurities not exceeding 5%, and adding crystal nucleus agent (TiO after component adjustment 2 、ZnO、ZrO、Cr 2 O 3 One or more of the above steps), after the clarification and uniformity are finished, the glass melt enters a microcrystalline glass die through an outlet of an electric heating glass kiln and is filled into a heat treatment furnace for heat treatment, wherein the heat treatment process comprises nucleation and crystallization, the nucleation temperature is 550-750 ℃, the nucleation time is 1-3h, the crystallization temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the crystallization time is 3-5h. Cutting, grinding and polishing the crystallized glass ceramic body to obtain a glass ceramic finished product.
For ease of understanding, the following specific examples are set forth:
example 1
Burning dangerous waste (refined distillation residue, pesticide residue, organic halide waste, medical waste, etc.) in rotary kiln, discharging fume reaching standard after the burning temperature is processed according to the general treatment process of dangerous waste burning, and burning bottom residue by rotary kilnDischarging the kiln tail, cooling in a water slag pool, fishing out the water slag by a slag dragging machine, and loading into a ton bag for temporary storage in a temporary storage warehouse of dangerous waste bottom slag. The ingredients of the bottom slag are tested, and the ingredients of the bottom slag in the batch are 13.5 percent of CaO and 13.5 percent of Al 2 O 3 16％、SiO 2 43%, feO 10%, mgO 9%, C12%, firing vector 19%, and fly ash (quench tower ash, cloth bag ash, waste heat boiler ash, etc.), desalting by water washing and pressure filtering, and assaying the batch of fly ash components CaO 33%, al 2 O 3 12％、SiO 2 27%, feO 21%, mgO 14%, C7%, firing vector 12% and fly ash are pressed into blocks by a pair roller ball press, the additives are sandstone, light-burned dolomite and coke, the raw materials are dangerous waste bottom slag, the fly ash, the sandstone, the dolomite and the coke are 66:8:15:3:8 (mass ratio). The raw materials are premixed in a mixer and conveyed into the shaft furnace through a belt feeder. The furnace burner heat source is natural gas, combustion air is oxygen-enriched air, the burner is ignited and heated to melt raw materials, the melting temperature is controlled to 1700 ℃, the deslagging process is intermittent deslagging, molten iron is discharged into a ladle to be cast into ingots, slag flows into the electric melting glass kiln through a closed chute, the electric melting glass kiln is a molybdenum electrode electric melting glass kiln, the electric conductivity of glass liquid is utilized, joule heat is generated through current, the glass liquid is heated, a modifying agent is crushed glass and sodium carbonate, the adding amount of the crushed glass is 20% of the glass liquid, the adding amount of the sodium carbonate is 5% of the glass liquid, after melting is finished, a crystal nucleus agent ZnO is added, the adding amount of the crystal nucleus agent is 0.1% of the glass liquid, the glass liquid is subjected to clarification and component uniformity at 1250 ℃ for 40 minutes, after the uniform completion, the glass liquid flows into a microcrystalline glass mold through an outlet of the electric heating glass kiln, the glass liquid is sent into a roller way type heat treatment furnace to be subjected to heat treatment, the nucleation temperature is 550 ℃, the crystallization temperature is 3h, the crystallization temperature is 900 ℃, the crystallization time is 4h, and a glass blank after crystallization is finished, and a microcrystalline glass product is obtained after cutting, polishing and polishing.
Example 2
Burning dangerous waste (refined distillation residue, paint residue, waste packaging barrel, medical waste, etc.) in rotary kiln, discharging fume reaching standard after the burning temperature is treated according to the general treatment process of hazardous waste burning, discharging the burned bottom residue from the kiln tail of rotary kiln, and cooling in water residue poolAnd (3) fishing out the waste residues by a slag dragging machine, and then loading the waste residues into a ton bag for temporary storage in a dangerous waste residue temporary storage warehouse. The ingredients of the bottom slag are tested, and the ingredients of the bottom slag in the batch are 20.3 percent of CaO and 20 percent of Al 2 O 3 17.1％、SiO 2 35.4%, feO 15.3%, mgO 6.5%, C5%, firing vector 21%, desalting pretreatment of fly ash (quench tower ash, cloth bag ash, waste heat boiler ash, etc.) by pretreatment process of water washing and filter pressing, and assaying the batch of fly ash components CaO 30.1%, al 2 O 3 13％、SiO 2 21%, feO 26.3%, mgO 12%, C8.2% and firing vector 16%, wherein fly ash is pressed into blocks by a twin-roll ball press, the additives are quartz, light-burned dolomite and graphite electrode blocks, the raw materials are dangerous waste bottom slag, fly ash, quartz, light-burned dolomite and graphite electrode blocks in a mass ratio of 50:15:20:5:10. The raw materials are premixed in a mixer and conveyed into the shaft furnace through a belt feeder. The heat source of the shaft furnace burner is natural gas, combustion air is oxygen-enriched air, the burner is ignited and heated to melt raw materials, the melting temperature is controlled to be 1650 ℃, slag discharging is carried out in an intermittent manner, molten iron is discharged into a ladle to be cast into ingots, the molten slag flows into an electrofusion glass kiln through a closed chute, the electrofusion glass kiln is a molybdenum electrode electrofusion glass kiln, the conductivity of glass liquid is utilized, joule heat is generated through current, the glass liquid is heated, a hardening and tempering agent is quartz sand and sodium carbonate, the quartz sand addition amount is 30% of the glass liquid amount, the sodium carbonate addition amount is 7.5% of the glass liquid amount, and after melting is finished, a crystal nucleus agent TiO is added 2 The adding amount of the crystal nucleus agent is 0.2% of the glass liquid, the glass liquid is preserved at 1200 ℃ for 60 minutes for clarification and uniform components, after the homogenization is finished, the glass liquid flows into a microcrystalline glass die through an outlet of an electric heating glass kiln, and is sent into a roller way type heat treatment furnace for heat treatment, the nucleation temperature is 650 ℃, the nucleation time is 5 hours, the crystallization temperature is 1000 ℃, the crystallization time is 6 hours, and the microcrystalline glass blank after the crystallization is finished is cut, polished and polished to obtain a microcrystalline glass finished product.
Example 3
Hazardous waste (pesticide residue, surface treatment waste, organic halide waste, oil sludge and the like) is burned in the rotary kiln, the flue gas at the burning temperature is discharged up to the standard after being subjected to the general treatment process of hazardous waste burning, and the burned bottom residue is discharged from the kiln tail of the rotary kilnDischarging and falling into a water slag pool for cooling, fishing out the water slag by a slag dragging machine, and then loading the water slag into a ton bag for temporary storage in a temporary storage warehouse of dangerous waste bottom slag. The ingredients of the bottom slag are tested, and the ingredients of the bottom slag in the batch are 16.5 percent of CaO and 16.5 percent of Al 2 O 3 20％、SiO 2 47%, feO 9%, mgO 7%, C18%, firing vector 25%, pre-treating fly ash (quench tower ash, cloth bag ash, waste heat boiler ash, etc.) by water washing and filter pressing, desalting, testing CaO 22%, al 2 O 3 18％、SiO 2 37 percent, 14 percent of FeO, 9 percent of MgO, 9.5 percent of C and 15.3 percent of firing vector, wherein fly ash is pressed into blocks by a pair roller ball press, additives are quartz sand, quicklime and semicoke, the raw materials are dangerous waste bottom slag, fly ash, quartz sand, dolomite and semicoke, and the mass ratio is 58:11:25:1:5. The raw materials are premixed in a mixer and conveyed into the shaft furnace through a belt feeder. The heat source of the shaft furnace burner is natural gas, combustion air is oxygen-enriched air, the burner is ignited and heated to melt raw materials, the melting temperature is controlled to 1600 ℃, slag discharging is carried out in an intermittent way, molten iron is discharged into a ladle to be cast into ingots, slag flows into an electric melting glass kiln through a closed chute, the electric melting glass kiln is a molybdenum electrode electric melting glass kiln, the electric conductivity of glass liquid is utilized, joule heat is generated through current, the glass liquid is heated, a hardening and tempering agent is quartz sand, the adding amount of the quartz sand is 20 percent of the glass liquid, and after the melting is finished, a crystal nucleus agent Cr is added 2 O 3 The adding amount of the crystal nucleus agent is 0.3% of the glass liquid, the glass liquid is preserved at 1200 ℃ for 50 minutes for clarification and uniform components, after the homogenization is finished, the glass liquid flows into a microcrystalline glass die through an outlet of an electric heating glass kiln, and is sent into a roller way type heat treatment furnace for heat treatment, the nucleation temperature is 750 ℃, the nucleation time is 3 hours, the crystallization temperature is 950 ℃, the crystallization time is 3 hours, and the microcrystalline glass blank after the crystallization is finished is cut, polished and polished to obtain a microcrystalline glass finished product.
It should be noted in advance that, in the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention, and specific structures and features that are well known in the art are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the scope of the present invention, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The process for producing glass ceramics by using the dangerous waste incineration ash shaft furnace and the electric melting glass kiln is realized on the basis of the shaft furnace and the electric melting glass kiln and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: adding hazardous waste material into the shaft furnace;
step two: oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the shaft furnace, the temperature in the shaft furnace is increased, and a fused product obtained after the dangerous waste raw materials are fused is obtained;
step three: separating slag and molten iron in a molten product obtained after the hazardous waste raw material is molten;
step four: adding the separated slag into an electric heating glass kiln;
step five: performing modulation operation in an electric heating glass kiln, and adding a crystal nucleus agent after modulation is finished;
step six: and (3) leading out the melt in the electric heating glass kiln into a die, and then conveying the die into a heat treatment furnace for heat treatment to obtain the microcrystalline glass blank.
2. The process for producing glass ceramics by using the hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hazardous waste raw material comprises hazardous waste incineration bottom slag and pretreated fly ash, and a hardening and tempering slag former and a carbonaceous block material are mixed in the hazardous waste raw material.
3. The process for producing glass ceramics by using the hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the second step, the highest temperature in the shaft furnace is higher than 1700 ℃.
4. The process for producing glass ceramics by using the hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass furnace according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: before the hazardous waste incineration bottom slag, the pretreated fly ash, the hardening and tempering slag former and the carbonaceous block materials are added into the shaft furnace, screening is needed, and the screening granularity is controlled between 5mm and 100 mm.
5. The process for producing glass ceramics by using the hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the shaft furnace in the step 2 adopts a natural gas burner, and oxygen-enriched air is blown into the furnace when the temperature in the furnace at the oxygen spraying port on the shaft furnace is not lower than 600 ℃.
6. The process for producing glass ceramics by using the hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the outlet temperature of the secondary combustion chamber in the shaft furnace is not lower than 1200 ℃, and the flue gas generated in the shaft furnace stays in the secondary combustion chamber for at least 2s.
7. The process for producing glass ceramics by using the hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 5, the regulator is at least one of broken glass, limestone, quartz sand, dolomite and sodium carbonate, and the crystal nucleus agent is TiO 2 ZnO, zrO and Cr 2 O 3 At least one of them.
8. The process for producing glass ceramics by using the hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass furnace according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: after adding the crystal nucleus agentThe chemical components are adjusted before, so that the chemical components after adjustment are 10-35% of CaO, 3-15% of MgO and SiO 2 40-60％、Al 2 O 3 5-30% and the sum of other impurities is not more than 5%.
9. The process for producing glass ceramics by using the hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the sixth step, a clarification and component uniformity operation is needed before the melt in the electric heating glass kiln is led out to the mould.
10. The process for producing glass ceramics by using the hazardous waste incineration ash shaft furnace-electric melting glass furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step six, the heat treatment process comprises nucleation and then crystallization, wherein the nucleation temperature is 550-750 ℃, the nucleation time is 1-3h, the crystallization temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the crystallization time is 3-5h.
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