CN116395911B - Integrated aquaculture sewage treatment system - Google Patents
Integrated aquaculture sewage treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116395911B CN116395911B CN202310646667.8A CN202310646667A CN116395911B CN 116395911 B CN116395911 B CN 116395911B CN 202310646667 A CN202310646667 A CN 202310646667A CN 116395911 B CN116395911 B CN 116395911B
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- 238000009348 integrated aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims 7
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 13
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 13
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 10
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 4
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 4
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
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- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000721692 Lythrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000404975 Synchiropus splendidus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276707 Tilapia Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000034699 Vitreous floaters Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated aquaculture sewage treatment system, which belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and comprises a bottom plate, an inner tank body, a middle tank body and an outer tank body, wherein the bottom plate, the inner tank body, the middle tank body and the outer tank body are all round; a central sedimentation cavity is arranged in the inner tank body, the top of the central sedimentation cavity is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the bottom of the central sedimentation cavity is provided with a mud discharging mechanism; a clear water cavity is arranged between the inner tank body and the middle tank body, and the top of the central sedimentation cavity is communicated with the clear water cavity; the biological treatment area, the aeration area, the ecological purification area and the water outlet area which are distributed in sequence are arranged between the middle tank body and the outer tank body, partition walls with filtering functions are arranged between the biological treatment area and the aeration area and between the aeration area and the ecological purification area, the top of the clean water cavity is communicated with the biological treatment area, an aeration mechanism is arranged in the aeration area, plants are planted in the ecological purification area, and the ecological purification area is communicated with the water outlet area. The invention can effectively treat the tail water, can be flexibly installed, and has high integration level and small occupied area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an integrated aquaculture sewage treatment system.
Background
The tail water of the cultivation contains residual baits, metabolic excreta and the like, and if the tail water is directly discharged, the tail water can have a certain influence on the surrounding surface water environment, and the pollution load of adjacent rivers is increased. With the downward seepage of pollutants, groundwater pollution is indirectly caused, direct harm is generated to the health of nearby residents, and the comfort of living environment is seriously affected. The deterioration of water quality also brings other negative effects, firstly, malodorous gas is generated under anaerobic conditions, and the daily life of residents is affected. Secondly, the self-cleaning ability of the water body is weakened gradually, the aquatic organisms are reduced gradually, the fishes and shrimps cannot survive, or toxic substances accumulate in the fishes and shrimps. The problem of direct drainage of tail water cannot be solved, pollution of surface water and underground water in an area and deterioration of ecological environment are caused, life and production of people are directly influenced, investment environment is influenced, and construction and stable development of village economy and society are not facilitated.
Along with the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the aquaculture sewage treatment requirements are gradually improved, and the existing tail water treatment system has the following problems:
1. the unit area of the tail water treatment facility should be designed according to the factors such as the cultivation variety, cultivation density, yield, drainage hydraulic retention time and the like according to local conditions. The tail water treatment facility unit comprises an ecological ditch, a sedimentation tank, a filtering dam, an aeration tank and the like, the total area of the tail water treatment facility unit needs to reach a certain proportion of the total cultivation area, and the facility area requirements of the tail water treatment facility unit according to different cultivation varieties are as follows: (1) The total area of tail water treatment facilities of carnivorous fishes such as mandarin fish, weever, snakehead and the like is not less than 8% of the total cultivation area; the total area of tilapia, four large-scale domestic fishes and other cultured varieties is not less than 6 percent. (2) The total area of the shrimp tail water treatment facilities is not less than 5% of the total cultivation area, and the crab tail water treatment facilities is not less than 3% of the total cultivation area. (3) The total area of tail water treatment facilities for turtle and eel is not less than 10% of the total area of cultivation.
In general, each processing unit is built by adopting a reinforced concrete structure, the total occupied area is almost 10% of the cultivation area, for example, the area of a freshwater farm is 300 mu, the total occupied area of facility units for processing tail water is not less than 19980 square meters, and the processing area requirement is difficult to meet on the premise of protecting the cultivated area from loss nowadays.
2. Each tank body is built by civil engineering, the construction period is long, and the position is fixed and cannot move after the construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an integrated aquaculture sewage treatment system which can effectively treat tail water, can be flexibly installed, and has high integration level and small occupied area.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the integrated aquaculture sewage treatment system comprises a bottom plate, an inner tank body, a middle tank body and an outer tank body, wherein the inner tank body, the middle tank body and the outer tank body are arranged on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate, the inner tank body, the middle tank body and the outer tank body are all circular and coaxially arranged; a central sedimentation cavity is arranged in the inner tank body, the top of the central sedimentation cavity is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the bottom of the central sedimentation cavity is provided with a mud discharging mechanism; a clear water cavity is arranged between the inner tank body and the middle tank body, and the top of the central sedimentation cavity is communicated with the clear water cavity through an overflow structure; the water treatment device is characterized in that a biological treatment area, an aeration area, an ecological purification area and a water outlet area which are distributed in sequence are arranged between the middle tank body and the outer tank body, partition walls with filtering functions are arranged between the biological treatment area and the aeration area and between the aeration area and the ecological purification area, the top of the clear water cavity is communicated with the biological treatment area through an overflow structure, an aeration mechanism is arranged in the aeration area, plants are planted in the ecological purification area, and the ecological purification area is communicated with the water outlet area.
Further, a vertical guide pipe is arranged in the center of the central sedimentation cavity, the inner diameter of the lower end of the guide pipe is larger than that of the upper end of the guide pipe, a conical reflecting plate is arranged at the lower port of the guide pipe, the vertex of the reflecting plate faces upwards, and an outlet of the guide pipe is arranged on the side wall above the reflecting plate; the water inlet pipe stretches into the upper end of the flow guide pipe.
Further, the bottom wall of the central sedimentation cavity is obliquely arranged, the sludge discharging mechanism is a sludge discharging pipe, and an inlet of the sludge discharging pipe is positioned at the lower end of the bottom wall of the central sedimentation cavity.
Further, two sides of the top surface of the partition wall are provided with maintenance walkways.
Further, the partition wall includes fixed filter material layer and sets up the detachable filter material layer at fixed filter material layer both sides face, the maintenance pavement sets up the top at detachable filter material layer, be provided with many vertical support columns on the bottom plate, the upper end and the maintenance pavement fixed connection of support column, detachable filter material layer includes a plurality of filter material modules, every filter material module demountable installation between two adjacent support columns.
Further, a sliding rail is arranged on the bottom plate, a base which is in sliding fit with the sliding rail is arranged on the sliding rail, a positioning frame is arranged on the upper surface of the base, the filter material module is naturally placed on the base, and the upper end face of the filter material module is higher than the upper end face of the fixed filter material layer;
the inner side of the overhaul pavement is provided with a vertical supporting vertical plate, the lower part of the supporting vertical plate is provided with a guide hole, and a push rod in sliding fit with the guide hole is arranged in the guide hole; the top of supporting the riser is provided with the location horizontal pole, be provided with on the location horizontal pole with location horizontal pole clearance fit's pole setting, the lower extreme of pole setting articulates there is the transfer line of slope, the lower extreme of transfer line articulates with the one end of push rod, the other end and the locating frame fixed connection of push rod, the top of location horizontal pole is provided with the lock nut with pole setting screw-thread fit.
Further, a space is reserved between the upper end of the filter material module and the overhaul pavement, and the upper end face of the filter material module is higher than the upper end face of the fixed filter material layer;
the inner side of the overhauling pavement is provided with a bracket, the bracket is hinged with a cylinder, a piston rod of the cylinder is hinged with a telescopic rod, the upper end of the telescopic rod is hinged with the overhauling pavement, the lower end of the telescopic rod is provided with a clamping block, the top surface of the filter material module is provided with a fixing clamping groove, and the clamping block is clamped in the fixing clamping groove; a horizontal spring is arranged between the inner side surface of the filter material module and the bracket;
the outside of filter material module is provided with the sensor, the sensor is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the cylinder electricity.
Further, a floating plate is arranged in the ecological purification area, and plants are planted on the floating plate.
Further, aerobic microbial filler, facultative microbial filler and anaerobic microbial filler are sequentially suspended in the biological treatment area.
Further, the aeration mechanism is a plurality of aeration discs uniformly distributed at the bottom of the aeration zone.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. the whole equipment is circular, and the central sedimentation chamber, the clear water chamber, the biological treatment area, the aeration area, the ecological purification area and the water outlet area are all integrated on a circular bottom plate, so that the integration level of each tank body is very high, the occupied area can be effectively saved, and the later operation and maintenance are simple and convenient.
2. Adopt overflow structure or wait to filter the partition wall intercommunication of function between each cavity, need not the pipe connection, the required pipeline quantity of whole equipment is few, and the pipeline is laid very conveniently, and implementation cost is low.
3. The equipment main body is welded into a whole by stainless steel or carbon steel plates, the bottom plate is fixed on the ground during installation, the position of the equipment main body can be adjusted, and the equipment is flexible to use.
4. The culture tail water enters the central sedimentation cavity through the water inlet pipe, solid impurities (such as bait residues, feces, partial suspended matters and the like) in the tail water are precipitated to the bottom of the central sedimentation cavity, and can be regularly discharged by the mud discharging mechanism. The clear water on the upper layer of the central sedimentation cavity flows to the clear water cavity through the overflow structure and then flows into the biological treatment area through the overflow structure, and as the aquaculture tail water contains a certain amount of dissolved oxygen, aerobic microbial filler, facultative microbial filler and anaerobic microbial filler are sequentially arranged in the biological treatment area, and microorganisms can remove 30% -50% of N, P and other organic matters in the water. The water in the biological treatment area passes through the partition wall and enters the aeration area, and the substances such as scum, suspended matters and the like in the water can be removed due to the filtering function of the partition wall. The aeration mechanism in the aeration zone is used for aerating water, increasing dissolved oxygen and further removing suspended matters. The water in the aeration zone passes through the partition wall and enters the ecological purification zone, and the plants in the ecological purification zone are utilized to further absorb and decompose N, P and other nutrient components in the water. By adopting various processes, organic matters, solid impurities, suspended matters and scum in the sewage can be effectively removed, the dissolved oxygen is improved, and the treatment effect is ensured. The water in the ecological purification area flows to a water outlet area, and the water in the water outlet area can be directly discharged or reused for aquaculture.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the overall present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an inner cell body;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a partition;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a partition;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a biological treatment zone;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological decontamination area;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the inner cell body, intermediate cell body and outer cell body;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the joint use of multiple devices;
reference numerals: 1-a bottom plate; 2-an inner tank body; 3-an intermediate tank body; 4-an outer tank body; 5-a central sedimentation chamber; 6-a water inlet pipe; 7-a mud discharging mechanism; 8-clear water cavity; 9-a biological treatment zone; 10-an aeration zone; 11-an ecological purification area; 12-a water outlet area; 13-plants; 14-a flow guiding pipe; 15-a reflecting plate; 16-partition walls; 17-an overhaul pavement; 18-supporting columns; 19-fixing the filter material layer; 20-a filter material module; 21-a base; 22-positioning frame; 23-a slide rail; 24-supporting vertical plates; 25-push rod; 26-a transmission rod; 27-positioning a cross bar; 28-standing bars; 29-a lock nut; 30-a bracket; 31-cylinder; 32-a telescopic rod; 33-clamping blocks; 34-a fixing clamping groove; 35-a spring; 36-a sensor; 37-a controller; 38-floating plate.
Description of the embodiments
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
The integrated aquaculture sewage treatment system comprises a bottom plate 1, an inner tank body 2, a middle tank body 3 and an outer tank body 4 which are arranged on the bottom plate 1, wherein the bottom plate 1, the inner tank body 2, the middle tank body 3 and the outer tank body 4 are all circular and coaxially arranged; a central sedimentation cavity 5 is arranged in the inner tank body 2, the top of the central sedimentation cavity 5 is connected with a water inlet pipe 6, and the bottom is provided with a mud discharging mechanism 7; a clear water cavity 8 is arranged between the inner tank body 2 and the middle tank body 3, the top of the central sedimentation cavity 5 is communicated with the clear water cavity 8 through an overflow structure, and the overflow structure can adopt a conventional overflow weir. The biological treatment area 9, the aeration area 10, the ecological purification area 11 and the water outlet area 12 which are distributed in sequence are arranged between the middle tank body 3 and the outer tank body 4, partition walls 16 with filtering functions are arranged between the biological treatment area 9 and the aeration area 10 and between the aeration area 10 and the ecological purification area 11, the top of the clear water cavity 8 is communicated with the biological treatment area 9 through an overflow structure, an aeration mechanism is arranged in the aeration area 10, plants 13 are planted in the ecological purification area 11, and the ecological purification area 11 is communicated with the water outlet area 12.
The bottom plate 1, the inner tank body 2, the middle tank body 3 and the outer tank body 4 can adopt 304 stainless steel plates or carbon steel plates, and the inner tank body 2, the middle tank body 3 and the outer tank body 4 can be welded on the bottom plate 1. When the air temperature is low, a heat insulation material can be arranged on the outer wall of the outer tank body 4.
The central sedimentation cavity 5 is the inner cavity of the inner tank body 2, and the central sedimentation cavity 5 is used for settling the aquaculture tail water and removing solid impurities such as excrement, bait residues, suspended matters and the like in the tail water. The sewage produced by the aquaculture can be conveyed into the central sedimentation chamber 5 through the water inlet pipe 6. The sludge discharging mechanism 7 is used for discharging sludge accumulated at the bottom of the central sedimentation cavity 5. The annular cavity is formed between the inner tank body 2 and the middle tank body 3, the annular space is the clean water cavity 8, the clean water cavity 8 can carry out secondary sedimentation, and meanwhile, the time for tail water to enter the biological treatment zone 9 is delayed, so that the tail water can stay in the biological treatment zone 9 for a long enough time, and the treatment effect is ensured.
The middle tank body 3 and the outer tank body 4 are provided with annular cavities, the annular cavities are divided into a plurality of sector-shaped areas, each area is respectively a biological treatment area 9, an aeration area 10, an ecological purification area 11 and a water outlet area 12, wherein the areas of the biological treatment area 9, the aeration area 10 and the ecological purification area 11 are larger, and the area of the water outlet area 12 is smaller.
Biological filler for microorganism growth and propagation is arranged in the biological treatment area 9, and organic matters such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water are decomposed by utilizing the growth of the microorganism. Because the aquaculture tail water contains a certain amount of dissolved oxygen, the biological treatment area 9 is internally provided with an aerobic microorganism filler for growth and propagation of aerobic microorganisms, and as oxygen is consumed, the dissolved oxygen in the water gradually decreases, and therefore, the aquaculture tail water is also provided with a facultative microorganism filler and an anaerobic microorganism filler, and the aerobic microorganism filler, the facultative microorganism filler and the anaerobic microorganism filler are sequentially arranged in the flowing direction of the water, so that the tail water can be sequentially subjected to aerobic microorganism treatment, facultative microorganism treatment and anaerobic microorganism treatment. The biological filler can be a brush type biological film, also can be a braid type filler, a porous carbon fiber filler and the like, and the porous filler has the best film hanging effect through engineering practice, wherein the filler is about 75%. The retention time of the culture tail water in the biological treatment zone 9 should be not less than 3 hours. The biological treatment area 9 can remove 30% -50% of N, P and other organic matters.
Since the partition wall 16 has a filtering function, suspended substances and floating substances in water can be trapped, and the treatment effect can be improved.
After passing through the biological treatment area 9, the oxygen concentration in the water is lower, so that an aeration mechanism is adopted to aerate the water, the dissolved oxygen is increased, the plants 13 in the subsequent ecological purification area 11 can be ensured to normally grow, and the root rot of the plants 13 is prevented. The plants 13 can absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and other organic matters in the water, and further reduce the content of pollutants in the water.
The invention integrates all the processing areas together, has high integration level, small occupied area and convenient management and maintenance. The areas are connected through the overflow structure or the partition wall 16 with the filtering function, so that pipeline connection is not needed, and the use amount of pipelines is reduced. After the aquaculture tail water is treated, the aquaculture tail water reaches the standard of direct discharge, can be directly discharged into natural water bodies, can also be used as agricultural water or can be led into a pond again for recycling.
The aquaculture tail water can be directly communicated with the central sedimentation cavity 5 through the water inlet pipe 6, but the impact of water flow can lead the sludge at the bottom of the central sedimentation cavity 5 to enter the water again, so that a vertical guide pipe 14 is arranged at the center of the central sedimentation cavity 5, the inner diameter of the lower end of the guide pipe 14 is larger than that of the upper end, a conical reflecting plate 15 is arranged at the lower port of the guide pipe 14, the vertex of the reflecting plate 15 faces upwards, and the outlet of the guide pipe 14 is arranged on the side wall above the reflecting plate 15; the water inlet pipe 6 extends into the upper end of the draft tube 14. The baffle 15 blocks the lower port of the flow guide pipe 14, water flows to the baffle 15 from top to bottom along the flow guide pipe 14, flows towards the periphery along the baffle 15 after being blocked by the baffle 15, finally enters the central sedimentation cavity 5 from the side wall of the flow guide pipe 14, and when water is fed, the sludge at the bottom of the central sedimentation cavity 5 is less disturbed, the precipitated sludge is prevented from entering the water again, and solid impurities in the water are fully sedimentated to the bottom of the central sedimentation cavity 5. In addition, the side wall of the lower part of the inner tank body 2 is obliquely arranged, so that the space at the bottom of the central sedimentation cavity 5 is smaller, and the collection of sludge is facilitated.
In order to collect the sludge at the bottom of the central sedimentation cavity 5 in a centralized manner, the bottom wall of the central sedimentation cavity 5 is obliquely arranged, the inclination angle is about 5 degrees, the sludge discharging mechanism 7 is a sludge discharging pipe, and the inlet of the sludge discharging pipe is positioned at the lower end of the bottom wall of the central sedimentation cavity 5. The deposited sludge slides downwards along the bottom wall of the central deposition cavity 5 and then is gathered at the lower end of the bottom wall, so that most of sludge can be quickly sucked into the sludge discharge pipe when the sludge is discharged by the sludge discharge pipe, and the sludge discharge efficiency is improved. The sludge discharge pipe is provided with a sludge pump for providing power and conveying sludge to a designated position.
In order to facilitate the overhaul of the equipment in the biological treatment zone 9, the aeration zone 10 and the ecological purification zone 11, the two sides of the top surface of the partition wall 16 are provided with overhaul walkways 17, the length direction of the overhaul walkways 17 is consistent with the radial direction of the outer tank body 4, and the overhaul walkways 17 can be walked by overhaul personnel when the overhaul is carried out from the outer tank body 4 to the middle tank body 3, so that the overhaul personnel can reach a proper overhaul position. A service walkway 17 may also be provided between the biological treatment zone 9 and the water outlet zone 12.
The filtering action of the partition wall 16 can improve water quality and reduce suspended matters, floaters and the like in water, and at present, the partition wall with the filtering action is generally of a three-layer structure, namely two porous brick masonry layers and a filter material layer, wherein the porous brick masonry layers are built into a wall structure by porous bricks, and the filter material layer is filled between the two porous brick masonry layers. Along with the use of the system, the impurity on the water inlet side of the filter material layer is gradually increased, so that the filter material layer is gradually blocked, meanwhile, the water outlet side of the filter material layer is directly contacted with water, and more impurities are easily adhered, so that the filter material layer needs to be cleaned at intervals.
In order to be convenient for clear up the filter material that blocks up easily in the partition wall 16, the partition wall 16 includes fixed filter material layer 19 and sets up the detachable filter material layer at fixed filter material layer 19 both sides face, and overhaul the pavement 17 setting in the top of detachable filter material layer, is provided with many vertical support columns 18 on the bottom plate 1, and the upper end and the overhaul pavement 17 fixed connection of support column 18 can dismantle the filter material layer and include a plurality of filter material modules 20, and filter material module 20 can adopt the cuboid steel wire cage body, inside packing filter material granule. Each filter module 20 is removably mounted between two adjacent support posts 18. The overhauling walkways 17 are arranged at the positions of the two sides of the top of the partition wall 16, so that the overhauling walkways 17 are closer to the treatment areas on the two sides of the partition wall 16, and equipment in the treatment areas is overhauled more conveniently. The detachable filter material layer is arranged below the overhaul pavement 17, so that the structure is more compact, and the occupied area of the partition wall 16 and the overhaul pavement 17 is reduced.
The fixed filter layer 19 can be made of volcanic rock particles, and two side surfaces are fixed by using a steel wire mesh or a screen plate. Because the water inlet side and the water outlet side of the fixed filter material layer 19 are both provided with the detachable filter material layers composed of the plurality of filter material modules 20, the detachable filter material layers are directly contacted with water, impurities can firstly enter the detachable filter material layers, and the impurities remained in the fixed filter material layers 19 are less, so that the detachable filter material layers can be detached and washed during cleaning, and then the detachable filter material layers are mounted on the side surfaces of the fixed filter material layers 19 after being washed cleanly, and the fixed filter material layers 19 can not be cleaned for a long time.
The filter material in the partition wall 16 is of a multi-layer structure, the main structure of the filter material is not easy to block, the filter material can be cleaned for a long time, and the easily-blocked detachable filter material layer can be cleaned conveniently, so that the later maintenance is more convenient. In addition, the invention can fixedly mount the filter material module 20 by adopting the support column 18 and the overhaul pavement 17 without building the porous brick wall, ensures the stability of the filter material module 20, and can directly mount the support column 18 and the overhaul pavement 17 by welding, thereby having quick construction, low cost and light weight.
When the support column 18 and the overhauling pavement 17 are adopted to fix the filter material module 20, the filter material module 20 is positioned below the overhauling pavement 17, and when the filter material module 20 is disassembled, an overhauler needs to stand on the overhauling pavement 17 and then pull out the filter material module 20 from the side surface, so that the operation is inconvenient and the operation is more laborious.
In order to disassemble and assemble the filter material module 20 more effort-saving, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a sliding rail 23 is arranged on the bottom plate 1, a base 21 in sliding fit with the sliding rail 23 is arranged on the sliding rail 23, a positioning frame 22 is arranged on the upper surface of the base 21, the filter material module 20 is naturally placed on the base 21, and the upper end surface of the filter material module 20 is higher than the upper end surface of the fixed filter material layer 19.
The top of the positioning frame 22 is open, and the size of a cavity formed by the base 21 and the positioning frame 22 is consistent with the size of the filter material module 20, so that the filter material module 20 can be stably placed in the positioning frame 22.
The inner side of the overhaul pavement 17 is provided with a vertical supporting vertical plate 24, the lower part of the supporting vertical plate 24 is provided with a guide hole, and a push rod 25 which is in sliding fit with the guide hole is arranged in the guide hole; the top of supporting riser 24 is provided with location horizontal pole 27, is provided with on the location horizontal pole 27 with location horizontal pole 27 clearance fit's pole setting 28, the lower extreme of pole setting 28 articulates there is inclined transfer line 26, the lower extreme of transfer line 26 articulates with the one end of push rod 25, the other end and the locating frame 22 fixed connection of push rod 25, the top of location horizontal pole 27 is provided with the lock nut 29 with pole setting 28 screw-thread fit.
When the filter material module 20 is disassembled, the upright rod 28 is pushed to move downwards, the upright rod 28 pushes the transmission rod 26 to rotate, the transmission rod 26 pushes the push rod 25 to horizontally slide in the guide hole, the push rod 25 can push the positioning frame 22 to move outwards, at the moment, the base 21 slides along the sliding rail 23, and then the filter material module 20 is driven to move from the lower part of the overhauling walk 17 to the outside of the coverage range of the overhauling walk 17, so that an overhauling staff can conveniently lift the filter material module 20, and then the high-pressure water gun is adopted to wash the filter material module 20. After the filter material module 20 is washed cleanly, the filter material module 20 is put into the positioning frame 22 again, the upright rod 28 is pulled to move upwards, the upright rod 28 is pulled to rotate the transmission rod 26, the transmission rod 26 is pulled to horizontally slide in the guide hole, the push rod 25 can pull the positioning frame 22 to move towards the direction of fixing the filter material layer 19 until the positioning frame 22 is in close contact with the fixed filter material layer 19, and then the locking nut 29 is screwed, so that the positioning frame 22 and the filter material module 20 inside the positioning frame can be kept stable.
The above embodiment can realize the simultaneous installation and disassembly of the filter material modules 20 on both sides of the fixed filter material layer 19, and the operation is convenient. Can be used to clean filter modules 20 on a regular basis.
In addition, in order to disassemble and assemble the filter material module 20 more effort-saving, the following manner may be adopted to disassemble and assemble the filter material module 20:
as shown in fig. 5, a space is provided between the upper end of the filter material module 20 and the overhauling pavement 17, and the upper end surface of the filter material module 20 is higher than the upper end surface of the fixed filter material layer 19;
the inner side of the overhaul pavement 17 is provided with a bracket 30, an air cylinder 31 is hinged on the bracket 30, a piston rod of the air cylinder 31 is hinged with a telescopic rod 32, the upper end of the telescopic rod 32 is hinged with the overhaul pavement 17, the lower end of the telescopic rod 32 is provided with a clamping block 33, the top surface of the filter material module 20 is provided with a fixed clamping groove 34, and the clamping block 33 is clamped in the fixed clamping groove 34; a horizontal spring 35 is arranged between the inner side surface of the filter material module 20 and the bracket 30;
the outside of filter module 20 is provided with sensor 36, and sensor 36 is connected with controller 37, and controller 37 is connected with cylinder 31 electricity.
The sensor 36 may be a sensor for detecting the water flow rate, and may be disposed outside the filter module 20 on the water outlet side of the fixed filter layer 19, to detect the water flow rate, and when the water flow rate is lower than a set value, the controller 37 controls the operation of the air cylinder 31. Or the outside of the filter material module 20 at both sides of the fixed filter material layer 19 is provided with the sensors 36, the heights of the two sensors 36 are consistent, the sensors are used for detecting the water pressure, and when the water pressure difference between the water inlet side and the water outlet side is greater than a certain value, the controller 37 controls the operation of the air cylinder 31. The sensor 36 may be a liquid level sensor, which detects the liquid level at both sides of the fixed filter layer 19, and the controller 37 controls the operation of the cylinder 31 when the difference between the liquid level at the water inlet side and the liquid level at the water outlet side is greater than a certain value.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the filter module 20 in normal use, the spring 35 is in a compressed state, when the cylinder 31 operates, the piston rod thereof is extended to push the telescopic rod 32 to rotate, the clamping block 33 at the lower end of the telescopic rod 32 is separated from the clamping groove 30, the filter module 20 can be outwards guided under the elastic force of the spring 35, and the filter module 20 can be lifted upwards by a worker and flushed by using a high-pressure water gun after moving from the lower side of the overhauling walk 17 to the outside of the coverage area of the overhauling walk 17. After flushing, the filter material module 20 is lowered, the air cylinder 31 pulls the telescopic rod 32 to rotate downwards, the clamping block 33 at the lower end of the telescopic rod 32 is clamped into the clamping groove 30, and the telescopic rod 32 pushes the filter material module 20 to move towards the direction of the fixed filter material layer 19 when rotating until the filter material module 20 contacts with the fixed filter material layer 19, so that the installation of the filter material module 20 is completed. During installation of filter module 20, telescoping rod 32 is continually shortened and spring 35 is continually compressed to create the spring force.
Emergent aquatic plants, floating plants, submerged plants and the like can be planted in the ecological purification area 11, a floating plate 38 can be arranged in the ecological purification area 11, the plants 13 can be planted on the floating plate 38, the floating plate 38 can float on the water surface, for example, the plants 13 on the floating plate 38 can be Lythrum, chinese cabbage and the like, the root systems of the plants 13 can be fully utilized to purify tail water, and nitrogen and phosphorus in water can be partially removed or utilized through adsorption, microbial decomposition, absorption and other ways.
The aeration mechanism is a plurality of aeration discs which are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the aeration zone 10, and the aeration discs are connected with an aeration fan.
When the treatment capacity is large, a plurality of sets of the system can be combined, and as shown in fig. 9, the water inlet pipe 6 can simultaneously feed tail water into a plurality of sets of equipment.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An integrated aquaculture sewage treatment system, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a bottom plate (1), and an inner tank body (2), a middle tank body (3) and an outer tank body (4) which are arranged on the bottom plate (1), wherein the bottom plate (1), the inner tank body (2), the middle tank body (3) and the outer tank body (4) are all circular and coaxially arranged; a central sedimentation cavity (5) is arranged in the inner tank body (2), the top of the central sedimentation cavity (5) is connected with a water inlet pipe (6), and the bottom of the central sedimentation cavity is provided with a mud discharging mechanism (7); a clear water cavity (8) is arranged between the inner tank body (2) and the middle tank body (3), and the top of the central sedimentation cavity (5) is communicated with the clear water cavity (8) through an overflow structure; biological treatment areas (9), aeration areas (10), ecological purification areas (11) and water outlet areas (12) which are distributed in sequence are arranged between the middle tank body (3) and the outer tank body (4), partition walls (16) with filtering functions are arranged between the biological treatment areas (9) and the aeration areas (10) and between the aeration areas (10) and the ecological purification areas (11), the top of the clear water cavity (8) is communicated with the biological treatment areas (9) through overflow structures, an aeration mechanism is arranged in the aeration areas (10), plants (13) are planted in the ecological purification areas (11), and the ecological purification areas (11) are communicated with the water outlet areas (12);
an overhaul pavement (17) is arranged on two sides of the top surface of the partition wall (16);
the partition wall (16) is including fixed filter material layer (19) and the detachable filter material layer of setting at fixed filter material layer (19) both sides face, overhaul pavement (17) setting is in the top of dismantling the filter material layer, be provided with many vertical support column (18) on bottom plate (1), the upper end and the overhaul pavement (17) fixed connection of support column (18), detachable filter material layer includes a plurality of filter material modules (20), and every filter material module (20) can dismantle the installation between two adjacent support columns (18).
2. The integrated aquaculture wastewater treatment system of claim 1 wherein: the center of the central sedimentation cavity (5) is provided with a vertical guide pipe (14), the inner diameter of the lower end of the guide pipe (14) is larger than that of the upper end, the lower port of the guide pipe (14) is provided with a conical reflecting plate (15), the vertex of the reflecting plate (15) faces upwards, and the outlet of the guide pipe (14) is arranged on the side wall above the reflecting plate (15); the water inlet pipe (6) stretches into the upper end of the flow guide pipe (14).
3. An integrated aquaculture wastewater treatment system according to claim 1 or 2 wherein: the bottom wall of the central sedimentation cavity (5) is obliquely arranged, the sludge discharging mechanism (7) is a sludge discharging pipe, and an inlet of the sludge discharging pipe is positioned at the lower end of the bottom wall of the central sedimentation cavity (5).
4. The integrated aquaculture wastewater treatment system of claim 1 wherein: the filter material layer fixing device is characterized in that a sliding rail (23) is arranged on the bottom plate (1), a base (21) which is in sliding fit with the sliding rail (23) is arranged on the sliding rail (23), a positioning frame (22) is arranged on the upper surface of the base (21), the filter material module (20) is naturally placed on the base (21), and the upper end face of the filter material module (20) is higher than the upper end face of the fixed filter material layer (19);
a vertical supporting vertical plate (24) is arranged on the inner side of the overhaul pavement (17), a guide hole is formed in the lower portion of the supporting vertical plate (24), and a push rod (25) in sliding fit with the guide hole is arranged in the guide hole; the top of supporting riser (24) is provided with location horizontal pole (27), be provided with on location horizontal pole (27) with location horizontal pole (27) clearance fit's pole setting (28), the lower extreme of pole setting (28) articulates there is transmission pole (26) of slope, the lower extreme of transmission pole (26) articulates with the one end of push rod (25), the other end and the locating frame (22) fixed connection of push rod (25), the top of location horizontal pole (27) is provided with lock nut (29) with pole setting (28) screw-thread fit.
5. The integrated aquaculture wastewater treatment system of claim 1 wherein: a space is reserved between the upper end of the filter material module (20) and the overhaul pavement (17), and the upper end surface of the filter material module (20) is higher than the upper end surface of the fixed filter material layer (19);
the inner side of the overhaul pavement (17) is provided with a bracket (30), an air cylinder (31) is hinged on the bracket (30), a piston rod of the air cylinder (31) is hinged with a telescopic rod (32), the upper end of the telescopic rod (32) is hinged with the overhaul pavement (17), the lower end of the telescopic rod is provided with a clamping block (33), the top surface of the filter material module (20) is provided with a fixed clamping groove (34), and the clamping block (33) is clamped in the fixed clamping groove (34); a horizontal spring (35) is arranged between the inner side surface of the filter material module (20) and the bracket (30);
the outside of filter material module (20) is provided with sensor (36), sensor (36) are connected with controller (37), controller (37) are connected with cylinder (31) electricity.
6. The integrated aquaculture wastewater treatment system of claim 1 wherein: a floating plate (38) is arranged in the ecological purification area (11), and the plants (13) are planted on the floating plate (38).
7. The integrated aquaculture wastewater treatment system of claim 1 wherein: aerobic microbial filler, facultative microbial filler and anaerobic microbial filler are sequentially suspended in the biological treatment area (9).
8. The integrated aquaculture wastewater treatment system of claim 1 wherein: the aeration mechanism is a plurality of aeration discs which are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the aeration zone (10).
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