CN116395826A - Wave-splitting nano mesoporous material and application thereof in rural agricultural sewage treatment - Google Patents
Wave-splitting nano mesoporous material and application thereof in rural agricultural sewage treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116395826A CN116395826A CN202211475453.0A CN202211475453A CN116395826A CN 116395826 A CN116395826 A CN 116395826A CN 202211475453 A CN202211475453 A CN 202211475453A CN 116395826 A CN116395826 A CN 116395826A
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of rural agricultural sewage treatment, provides a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material and application thereof in rural agricultural sewage treatment, and solves the defects of poor filler performance, poor treatment effect and even aggravated ecological environment deterioration in the prior art. The wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is prepared by deep processing natural ore by adopting a 2019202809663 non-standard wave splitting machine, dredging 2-50NM natural crystalline pore canal, increasing the specific surface area, recovering the micro-reactor function, enhancing the selective adsorption capacity and the catalytic action by utilizing the basic characteristics of nano-scale materials such as quantum small-size effect, surface interface effect, macroscopic quantum tunnel effect and the like, and then carrying out a series of processes of anion removal and high-temperature drying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rural agricultural sewage treatment, in particular to a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material and application thereof in rural agricultural sewage treatment.
Background
In the prior art, the treatment flow of paddy field water, rural livestock wastewater or domestic sewage and fishpond tail water is basically sewage collection, ecological interception, plant absorption and absorption, aerobic tank and anaerobic tank metabolism, the principle is basically the same, the technology content of the treatment technology is low, the treatment efficiency is particularly insufficient, the treatment effect on the total nitrogen index is weak, and especially the damage of agricultural residues is basically not related.
The Chinese patent number 201320604168.4 discloses an agricultural non-point source pollution treatment system which is formed by sequentially connecting a catchment ditch, an ecological interception ditch, an ecological purification ditch and an ecological system combined purification branch creek, wherein the gradient of the catchment ditch at the water depth of 1-2.2 meters is 1:20, provides a guarantee for the growth and propagation of aquatic plants, and the ecological purifying canal simulates ecological revetments and bottom of a pot-bottom pond in nature, is favorable for providing proper places for various organisms and keeps the self-cleaning capability of water bodies for a long time. The depth of the bottom-type pond is 2.5-3.5 meters, which is beneficial to the self succession of various submerged plants and keeps the self-cleaning capability of the water body for a long time. The system gives full play to the advantages of energy circulation, realizes the treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution and promotes the sustainable development of agricultural ecology. However, the treatment system only depends on the self-cleaning capability of the aquatic plants to realize the pollution of agricultural non-point sources, and has limited treatment effect.
Chinese patent number 201810001431.8 discloses a rural non-point source pollution treatment method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of controlling the source from the aspects of farmland non-point source pollution, livestock and poultry breeding pollution, aquaculture pollution, village domestic sewage, surface runoff, domestic garbage and solid waste; step two: on the basis of the first step, intercepting and recycling the middle section in the manners of ecological ditches, retaining dams, ecological floating islands, cascade digestion and biomass utilization; step three: on the basis of the second step, terminal treatment is carried out by a wetland plant combination digestion technology, a non-feeding aquaculture technology and a biomass recycling utilization technology; aiming at main sewage discharge of farmland-removing non-point source aquaculture, livestock and poultry cultivation, surface runoff and the like, the method takes river basin agriculture non-point source pollution prevention and control as an overall target, adopts the principle of source end control, process interception and end treatment, adopts the cultivation manure recycling technology, the cultivation solid waste recycling technology, the healthy aquaculture and recycling water technology, the garbage efficient collection and recycling technology, the resident domestic sewage nearby ecological treatment technology and the like, realizes project area agriculture non-point source pollutant emission reduction and recycling, achieves source treatment effect, and does not have adsorption and degradation effects on pesticide residues and antibiotics.
Chinese patent application number 202011609634.9 discloses a composite fiber for sewage treatment filler and sewage treatment filler for an aerobic tank, wherein the composite fiber comprises fiber bundles which are sequentially arranged and cladding wires which are arranged on the outer surfaces of the fiber bundles and are used for restraining the fiber bundles into strands; the fiber bundle comprises an inner skeleton layer and an outer hydrophilic fiber layer, the skeleton layer comprises a plurality of skeleton monofilaments, the hydrophilic fiber layer comprises a plurality of hydrophilic fiber coils which are mutually nested and respectively sleeved on the outer surface of the skeleton layer, and the hydrophilic fiber coils are formed by encircling hydrophilic fibers; a sewage treatment filler made of the composite fiber for a sewage treatment filler; the sewage treatment filler prepared from the composite fiber has the advantages of high specific surface area, high strength, contribution to bacterial adhesion and difficulty in worm proliferation, can prevent the explosion of the red nematodes while improving the growth of the obligate bacterial, has high biofilm coating quantity, and is suitable for being applied to an aerobic tank. However, the filler has no adsorption biochemical effect, little effect on groups and ions, no ion exchange effect, and limited pollution control effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, aiming at the problems, the invention provides the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material and the application thereof in rural agricultural sewage treatment, and solves the defects of poor filling performance, poor treatment effect and even aggravated ecological environment deterioration which can be achieved by a sewage treatment method in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material comprises a porous water-containing frame-shaped aluminosilicate mineral, wherein the porous water-containing frame-shaped aluminosilicate mineral consists of Si, al and O to form a silicon oxygen tetrahedron and an aluminum oxygen tetrahedron, and the silicon oxygen tetrahedron and the aluminum oxygen tetrahedron form a three-dimensional space frame-shaped structure.
The porous water-containing rack-shaped aluminosilicate mineral is a novel high-tech sewage treatment material processed by a non-standard wave cracking machine for fibrilia or natural ore, which is disclosed in Chinese patent number ZL2019202809663, and the principle is as follows: the method comprises the steps of converting wave energy into mechanical energy to generate shock wave, deep processing natural ore by using the mechanical effect, cavitation effect and free radical effect generated thereby, dredging 2-50NM natural crystalline pore canal, increasing specific surface area, recovering the micro-reactor function, enhancing the selective adsorption capacity and catalysis effect of nano-scale materials by using quantum small-size effect, surface interface effect, macroscopic quantum tunneling effect and other nano-scale material basic characteristics, and preparing nano-scale silicon mesoporous materials by a series of processes of anion removal and high-temperature drying.
The material has a plurality of excellent performances, has good adsorption and degradation effects on pesticide residues, hormones and antibiotics, has good natural balance effects on restoring original ecology, and has good effects on water and soil co-treatment and improving treatment energy efficiency.
A sewage treatment method for a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in a front pool of an agricultural non-point source pump station comprises the following treatment steps: (1) Scattering the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the branch canal, and constructing a nano biological reaction field for improving the ecology of the sediment by utilizing the relaxation effect of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material;
(2) Constructing an ecological permeable dam at the front end of a branch canal converging into a main canal, taking a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material as a nutrition matrix at the upper end of the ecological permeable dam, transplanting submerged plants in a pot, and filling the ecological permeable dam with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in claim 1;
(3) And selecting a plurality of sections at the junction of the shallower branch channels to serve as ecological wetlands for transplanting aquatic wetland plants, constructing a biological barrier, taking cane shoots and lotus flowers as the preferential selection, changing waste into valuable, and realizing circular economy and income creation.
Further: the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is in a bag form, 12.5kg of each bag and 5 bags are a group, a wooden tray is bound by using a binding belt, and the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is placed in a branch canal and a main canal in a staggered manner along two sides at intervals of 2-4 m.
An application method of a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in rural domestic sewage treatment is characterized in that: the method comprises the following processing steps: (1) collecting rural domestic wastewater; (2) Discharging the wastewater into an anaerobic tank for treatment, wherein the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is put into the anaerobic tank, and the use amount of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is 8-13wt% of the wastewater; (3) Then the wastewater treated in the step (2) is discharged into a constructed wetland, the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is put into the constructed wetland, the wastewater is discharged into a water outlet tank after being treated for a certain time in the constructed wetland, and the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is put into the water outlet tank in advance; (4) And (3) introducing the liquid treated in the step (3) into a wetland park system for recycling or draining into a drainage ditch.
Further: the rural domestic wastewater collecting inlet in the step (1) and the drainage ditch in the step (4) are also provided with a wireless water quality sensor for detecting water quality index data and a cloud service terminal, wherein the cloud service terminal acquires the water quality index data from the wireless water quality sensor every a period of time.
An application method of a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in fishpond tail water treatment comprises the following treatment steps: (1) collecting fish pond tail water; (2) Discharging fishpond tail water into a pre-constructed ecological permeable dike for interception and filtration, wherein the ecological permeable dike is put with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material; (3) Discharging the liquid treated in the step (2) into a sedimentation pond for treatment, wherein the sedimentation pond is filled with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material and planted with submerged plants; (4) Discharging the liquid treated in the step (3) into a vertical subsurface flow wetland for treatment, and then conveying the liquid into a horizontal wetland for treatment; (5) Discharging the liquid treated in the step (4) into an ecological ditch, wherein the ecological ditch is filled with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material and planted with submerged and floating plants; (6) And (5) discharging the liquid treated in the step (5) into an external ditch or recycling.
Further: the wetland in the step (4) is planted with emergent aquatic plants and floating plants, and the planting density of the emergent aquatic plants is 9 plants/m 2 About 80 strains/m 2 The planting density of the floating plants is 1 plant/m 2 About 30 strains/m 2 。
Further: the method comprises the steps that a wireless water quality sensor for detecting water quality index data and a cloud service terminal are arranged at a fishpond tail water collecting inlet of the step (1), a sedimentation pond of the step (3) and an ecological ditch of the step (5), and the cloud service terminal acquires the water quality index data from the wireless water quality sensor every a period of time.
Further: the water quality index data comprises hormone, antibiotic concentration, pollutant index pH value, COD (or permanganate index), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, SS and the like.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material adopted by the invention has dispersion force effect, namely, the surface has a strong adsorption force field, the inner wall surface of the mesoporous material is large, the specific surface area is large, and various impurities can be adsorbed; can adjust pH in two directions and remove COD, BOD, NH 4 -N, TN, TP, can remove heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc, antimony, mercury, arsenic, etc.; can also remove phenol organic volatile matters, degrade hormone, antibiotics, difenoconazole, propiconazole, organic phosphine and the like.
2. The wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is applied to the sewage treatment of the front pool of the agricultural non-point source pump station, adopts a pure ecological process, follows the natural rule, has obvious promotion effect on restoring the original ecological degradation caused by agricultural non-point source pollution, in particular pesticide residue, and achieves the effects of water and soil co-treatment through precise treatment, scientific treatment and long-acting treatment.
3. The wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is applied to sewage treatment of the front pool of the agricultural non-point source pump station, does not need to consume electric energy, is safe and reliable, has simple operation and maintenance and low treatment cost, can realize circular economy and changes waste into valuable.
4. The application of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in rural biological sewage treatment has the following advantages: first, adopt novel high-efficient ecological ripples schizolysis nanometer mesoporous material as core technical material, can promote system's processing efficiency and technological content. Secondly, a nano biological reaction field is constructed by utilizing a wave-cracking nano mesoporous material, natural equilibrium function of a natural law is exerted, original micro-ecological self-repairing capability is improved, and ecological variation is inhibited. Thirdly, the 'black ash' can be realized without separation, and meanwhile, the sludge is digested by virtue of the original microorganism. Fourth, the pure ecology is administered, does not consume electric energy, reduces the burden for the policy of "double carbon", reduces the burden for the nature. Fifthly, a wireless water quality sensor and a cloud service terminal are added, the wireless water quality sensor and the cloud service terminal form a monitoring system, the cloud service terminal can acquire water quality index numbers from the wireless water quality sensor at intervals, the running condition of the system can be monitored in time, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced.
5. The application of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the treatment of the tail water of the fishpond, disclosed by the invention, has good hormone and antibiotic removal performance, reduces the influence of tail water hormone and antibiotic on the microecology of the water body, and improves the self-repairing capability of the microecology. The wireless water quality sensor and the cloud service terminal are newly added, so that the running condition can be timely monitored, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a bacterial population in a wastewater in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a macroscopic view of the flora in the wastewater in accordance with the third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows that the ratio of the three-wave pyrolysis nano mesoporous material to the sewage is 1: colony map of 100;
fig. 4 shows that the ratio of the three-wave pyrolysis nano mesoporous material to the sewage is 1: 4.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A wave-splitting nano mesoporous material comprises a porous water-containing frame-shaped aluminosilicate mineral, wherein the porous water-containing frame-shaped aluminosilicate mineral consists of Si, al and O to form a silicon oxygen tetrahedron and an aluminum oxygen tetrahedron, and the silicon oxygen tetrahedron and the aluminum oxygen tetrahedron form a three-dimensional space frame-shaped structure.
The porous water-containing rack-shaped aluminosilicate mineral is processed by a wave cracking machine for processing fibrilia or natural ore in Chinese patent No. 2019202809663, can bidirectionally adjust pH, simultaneously remove COD, BOD, NH-N, TN and TP, remove heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc, antimony, mercury, arsenic and the like, remove phenol organic volatile matters, degrade hormone, antibiotics, difenoconazole, propiconazole and the like,
the material has a plurality of excellent performances, has good adsorption and degradation effects on pesticide residues, hormones and antibiotics, has good natural balance effects on restoring original ecology, and has good effects on water and soil co-treatment and improving treatment energy efficiency.
The agricultural non-point source pollution relatively concentrated area in the front pool of the pump station is communicated with farmland canal in the polder area, water system is regulated, water is drained into the river during waterlogging, and water is returned for irrigation during drought. Therefore, the treatment of the front pool of the pump station has decisive effect on the stability of the water quality of the whole water system.
The sewage treatment method for the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the front pool of the agricultural non-point source pump station comprises the following treatment steps: (1) The wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is scattered into the branch canal, and according to the total amount of sewage in the branch canal, measuring and calculating the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material to be added for improving the ecology of the sediment; specifically, the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is in a bag form, each bag is 12.5kg, 5 bags are a group, a wooden tray is bound by using a binding belt, and the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is placed in a branch canal at intervals of 3 meters along two sides in a flower arrangement type cross manner;
(2) An ecological permeable dam is constructed at the front end of a branch canal converging into a main canal, a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is used as a nutrition matrix at the upper end of the ecological permeable dam, and submerged plants are transplanted in a pot culture for playing a role in filtering and intercepting; the ecological permeable dike is filled with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material; the design can ensure that sewage is treated in time, so that the water quality is improved, and the upper end of the ecological permeable dike has enough space for flood discharge when the water quantity is overlarge in the flood season and the irrigation season, so that the permeable dike is not required to be disassembled;
(3) The water plants are cane shoots and lotus flowers, and the water plants have good biological barriers for centralized and rapid treatment of water quantity in flood season and irrigation season, can be obtained locally, have low cost, can create income and change waste into valuables.
(4) Transplanting a small amount of submerged plants, water lily and the like in a deep water feeding area and a front tank of a pump station, adsorbing a large amount of peripheral nutrients by the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material through a nano-scale pore canal of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material, gathering water microorganisms at the periphery of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material along with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material to propagate and form a hanging membrane for survival, constructing a relatively complete nano biological reaction field together, creating more proper survival conditions for indigenous microorganisms and aquatic animals and plants in the nature, accelerating biochemical processes, metabolizing pollutants, improving the self-cleaning capability of the water body, improving the activity of sludge and beautifying the environment.
The agricultural non-point source drainage mode is divided into: ecological drainage mode, farming drainage mode, flood season drainage mode. Features under various mode conditions are comprehensively considered, and practical application scenes are combined according to local conditions and time conditions. In particular to the degradation rate of pesticides and the pesticide residue, and the degree of influence on ecology. The degradation rate analysis data of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material on the conventional pesticides at the present stage not only has insignificant effect on 2-methyl-4-chloro sodium, but also greatly improves the degradation rate of emamectin benzoate, difenoconazole, propiconazole and the like, and reduces the harm of pesticide residues to ecology to a greater extent. Table 1 data analysis report was provided by Anhui Sitting, e.g., analytical detection technologies, inc. monitoring.
Example two
The application method of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in rural domestic sewage treatment is that the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material adopted by the method is the same as that in the first embodiment, and the treatment steps comprise: (1) collecting rural domestic wastewater; (2) Discharging the wastewater into an anaerobic tank for treatment, wherein the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is put into the anaerobic tank, and the use amount of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is 10wt% of the wastewater;
the anaerobic tank specification is set according to the application site conditions, the grid intercepts solid matters, the wave-cracking nano mesoporous material is put in, and the SS, COD, NH-N, TP, TN and fecal coliform are removed by utilizing the strong molecular sieve, adsorption function and microorganism implantation film-hanging biochemical function of the wave-cracking nano mesoporous material. The cover plate is added in the anaerobic tank, so that the contact with air is reduced;
(3) Then the wastewater treated in the step (2) is discharged into a constructed wetland, the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is put into the constructed wetland, the wastewater is discharged into a water outlet tank after being treated for a certain time in the constructed wetland, and the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is put into the water outlet tank in advance;
the construction method of the constructed wetland comprises the following steps:
a. designing inlet and outlet water quality;
b. collecting the treated water quantity;
c. wet land area design: according to the collected water quantity, the water quantity is completely contained, and the wetland area is calculated;
d. and (3) wetland filler design: the filler adopts the wave-cracking nano mesoporous material of the first embodiment, fully exerts the strong adsorption and biochemical functions of the filler and removes the pollutant index;
e) Wetland plant selection: the selection and planting of the artificial wetland plants meet the following requirements:
1) The selection of the artificial wetland plants should follow the following principles: (1) the method is suitable for selecting the native plants which are suitable for the natural conditions of the places, easy to harvest and manage, high in economic value and good in landscape effect; (2) the aquatic plants with high survival rate, strong pollution resistance, developed root system, dense stem and leaf, strong oxygen transmission capability, good water quality purification effect and other comprehensive characteristics are preferably selected; (3) preferably, the aquatic plants with strong stress resistance such as freezing resistance, salt resistance, heat resistance, disease resistance, insect resistance and the like are selected; (4) the selection of exotic invasive species such as water hyacinth, alternanthera philoxeroides, rice grass, spartina alterniflora and the like is forbidden.
2) One or more plants can be selected as dominant species for planting in the artificial wetland, so that the diversity and the landscape effect of the plants are improved; planting emergent aquatic plants reasonably according to the water depth of the wetland, and planting aquatic plants in different growth periods reasonably according to seasons;
3) Plant types are selected according to the type, the water depth and the region division of the constructed wetland;
4) The artificial wetland plant cultivation meets the following requirements: (1) the plant planting is mainly plant transplanting, and the plant plants planted in the same batch are uniform in size; (2) the planting time should be determined according to the growth characteristics of the plants,generally, the plant can be planted in spring or early summer and autumn if necessary, but measures for ensuring the survival rate should be taken; (3) the planting density should be reasonably determined according to the plant type and the process type, and the emergent aquatic plants are 9 plants/m 2 25 plants/m 2 Preferably, the floating plant is 1 plant/m 2 About 9 plants/m 2 When the land is limited or the concentration of the water inlet suspended matters is high, a high-density planting unit can be adopted to save land space and reduce water inlet load, and the planting density is preferably more than 3 times of the maximum value of the density;
in this example, the emergent aquatic plants were 12 plants/m 2 Preferably, the floating plants are 4 plants/m 2 ，
5) The constructed wetland can select a plurality of plants to be planted in a partitioning and collocating mode, so that the diversity and the landscape effect of the plants are improved, but the later-stage plant growth is prevented from being mixed or encroached.
(4) And (3) introducing the liquid treated in the step (3) into a wetland park system for recycling or draining into a drainage ditch.
The rural domestic wastewater treatment system comprises a rural domestic wastewater treatment system, a wireless water quality sensor and a cloud service terminal, wherein the wireless water quality sensor and the cloud service terminal are used for detecting water quality index data are further arranged at an inlet of a collecting place of rural domestic wastewater in the step (1) and at a drainage ditch of the step (4), and the cloud service terminal acquires the water quality index data from the wireless water quality sensor every a period of time.
Continuous monitoring data of the rural domestic sewage in Lujiang county in the joint fertilizer city from 2022 years, 3 months, 29 days to 5 months, 29 days and 2 months: the data of table 2 is provided by the Anhui Huarui detection Co., ltd.
COD concentration change basically reaches or is superior to the first-level A standard, the maximum amplitude reduction is reduced from 303mg/L to 19mg/L, and the removal rate is up to 93.73%;
ammonia nitrogen is only 12.2mg/L for 5 months and 27 days, exceeds the first-order A standard (less than or equal to 8 mg/L), and the removal rate is up to 99.06 percent (data for 5 months and 15 days);
total nitrogen all reaches the first-level A standard, and the removal rate is up to 93.68 percent (data of 15 days of 5 months);
the total phosphorus is only 5 months and 27 days, 1.04mg/L exceeds first-order A (less than or equal to 1 mg/L), and the removal rate is up to 95.14 percent (5 months and 15 days data);
the colibacillus faecalis is reduced to hundred from the highest million level, and the material has obvious effect of regulating and controlling the microbial population and quantity.
The reason for this change leading to a decrease in the processing capacity for the 5 month 27 day period is that: in summer, the water consumption of residents is increased, the microbial activity is weakened after the air temperature exceeds 30 ℃, sunlight exposure is blocked by covering, and the water temperature is reduced.
After stormwater, both 24 and 29 months 4, pool 1# and pool 3# data did not differ significantly.
Example III
An application method of a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in fishpond tail water treatment comprises the following treatment steps: (1) collecting fish pond tail water; (2) Discharging fishpond tail water into a pre-constructed ecological permeable dike, wherein the ecological permeable dike is put with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the first embodiment; the specification of the ecological permeable dam is set according to the application site conditions, 20 bags (12.5 kg of each bag) of bagged wave splitting nano mesoporous material are stacked in each linear meter grid, and emergent aquatic plants are planted on the ecological filter dam after filling is finished. The SS, COD, NH part is removed by utilizing the strong molecular sieve and adsorption function of the wave-cracked nano mesoporous material and the biochemical function of microorganism implantation film hanging 3 -N, TP, TN, antibiotics, etc., and then utilizing the aquatic plants to accelerate the biochemical process of purifying and wave-cracking the nano mesoporous material; (3) Discharging the liquid treated in the step (2) into a sedimentation pond for treatment, wherein the sedimentation pond is filled with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the first embodiment and planted with submerged plants;
action of the sedimentation pond: the sedimentation pond is arranged at the front end of the artificial wetland, plays roles of sedimentation, hydrolysis, water distribution and the like, and can effectively sediment suspended matters in the inflow water of the artificial wetland; and the pollution load of the subsequent processing unit is reduced. The main contaminant removal is: feces, SS, particulate phosphorus, organics, and the like. Purification mechanism of the sedimentation pond: the main pollution in the water body comes from the feces generated by fishes and the like in the aquaculture, so in the front-end sedimentation pond, enough hydraulic retention time is favorable for sedimentation of granular phosphorus in river water, but too long hydraulic retention time also can influence the reaction progress of hydrolysis and acidification, and in sewage treatment, the anaerobic digestion process of complex organic matters needs to go through a plurality of stages and is completed by different bacterial groups. According to the change of the physical state and physical property of the complex organic matters in the process, the following three stages are sequentially carried out: hydrolysis, acidification and methanation. Hydrolytic acidification in practical engineering application is not complete hydrolysis and acidification, but converts macromolecular substances which are difficult to degrade by microorganisms into easily degradable micromolecular substances, so that the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, and subsequent biological treatment is facilitated. As the acidification hydrolysis can generate peculiar smell in the third stage, the engineering scheme controls the anaerobic nitrification reaction of the organic matters in the first two stages (hydrolysis acidification stage) by controlling the hydraulic retention time of the water body in the ecological pond, thereby not only achieving the purpose of hydrolysis acidification, but also avoiding the occurrence of peculiar smell. The method fully utilizes the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material to adsorb hormone and antibiotics, lightens the harm of the hormone and the antibiotics to the microecology of the water body, repairs the microecology of the water body by utilizing a natural law, and simultaneously repairs ecological food chains by matching with submerged plants, thereby improving the self-cleaning capability of the water body. Design parameters of a sedimentation pond: according to the technical guidelines for purifying the water quality of the constructed wetland, the residence time and the volume of the sedimentation pond are designed according to the hydraulic load and the reduction load of the main design parameters of climate partition.
Front ecological sedimentation pond design: the surface area of the front ecological pond can be mainly determined by CODCr, NH3-N, TP, TN and the like
And calculating the pollutant load reduction and the surface hydraulic load, and taking the maximum value of calculation results, and simultaneously meeting the hydraulic retention time requirement. The pollutant cut load, surface hydraulic load, hydraulic residence time were calculated according to the following formula:
1) The wetland area was calculated using the pollutant load shedding (NA):
wherein: a-surfaceProduct, m 2 ；
NA-pollutant load shedding, g/(m) 2 ·d)；
Q-design flow, m /d;
s0, the concentration of pollutants in water inlet, g/m ;
s1, effluent pollutant concentration, g/m .
2) Calculating the area of the constructed wetland by adopting the surface hydraulic load (q):
wherein: q-surface Hydraulic load, m /(m) 2 ·d)；
Plant configuration: carrying out sedimentation pond plant configuration by adopting the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material of the first embodiment, floating plants (4%), floating plants (3%), emergent plants (6%); the embodiment adopts a front ecological sedimentation pond;
(4) Discharging the liquid treated in the step (3) into a vertical subsurface flow wetland for treatment, and then conveying the liquid into a horizontal wetland for treatment; (5) Discharging the liquid treated in the step (4) into an ecological ditch, wherein the ecological ditch is filled with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the first embodiment and planted with submerged plants; the wetland is planted with emergent aquatic plants and floating plants, and the planting density of the emergent aquatic plants is 15 plants/m 2 The planting density of the floating plants is 3 plants/m 2 ；
Building an ecological ditch: the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is adopted to co-treat water and sediment in the ecological ditch, so that the wetland and the ecological system in the existing ditch are perfected, the ecological ditch is segmented into a first-stage ecological ditch and a second-stage ecological ditch, and two-stage purification is performed. The main principle is as follows: the ecological system of the sediment is improved by utilizing the wave-cracking nano mesoporous material, the activity of the sediment is enhanced, and the river bed work is perfected;
(6) And (5) discharging the liquid treated in the step (5) into an external ditch or recycling.
In addition, the wireless water quality sensor for detecting water quality index data and the cloud service terminal are arranged at the fishpond tail water collecting inlet of the step (1), the sedimentation pond of the step (3) and the ecological ditch of the step (5), and acquire the water quality index data from the wireless water quality sensor every time a period of time, wherein the water quality index data comprises hormone, antibiotic concentration and pollutant index.
In addition, the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is processed by a wave splitting machine for processing fibrilia or natural ore in Chinese patent number 2019202809663, and the adsorption mechanism, biochemical mechanism and nano biological reaction field operation principle are as follows:
1. mechanism of selective adsorption
1.1, dispersion force action: the atoms or molecules on the surface of all solid materials are in different states from the atoms or molecules inside the solid. The attractive force to which the atoms or molecules are subjected inside the solid is symmetrical, and is uniformly distributed in surrounding atoms or molecules, and is in a balance state of saturation of a force field; the forces to which the atoms or molecules of the surface are subjected are asymmetric, that is to say the solid surface has an excess of surface free energy, i.e. the surface has an adsorption force field present, which is called dispersion force. The unsaturated force field of natural ore has small action range, which is approximately equal to the size of molecular diameter, and the micro-pores are enlarged to mesopores by wave cracking, so that the surface area of the inner pore wall surface is increased (the maximum can reach 500-800 square meters/gram), and the action range and dispersion force are correspondingly enlarged. Creating hole wall field superposition to form supervoid effect. The pore canal with the diameter of 2-50NM of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is just like a micro reactor, and the small-size effect, the surface interface effect, the quantum size effect and the macroscopic quantum tunneling effect are all basic characteristics of the nano-scale material, so that the nano particles show a plurality of singular physical and chemical properties and have abnormal phenomena. Can lower the melting point of the substance, increase the specific heat, strengthen the chemical activity and the like, and can generate catalytic effect.
1.2 electrostatic action: the charge on the lattice, that is, the negative charge on the cation lattice and the positive charge on the cation lattice are not overlapped in space and are separated by pore channels, so that the pores have great electrostatic attraction and have adsorption effect on polar substances. At the same time, part of the oxygen (AlO 4) in the lattice has an uncompensated negative charge, and an electric field is formed around these charges.
1.3 ion exchange action: the skeleton of mesoporous material is covered by alkali metal, alkaline earth element or rare earth element, and some of the elements with more electrons in the outer layer are replaced by those with less electrons in the outer layer, so that the extra or missing electrons are generated, and in order to balance the extra (or missing) electrons in the crystal skeleton, the extra (or missing) electrons are made to reach electric neutrality, and some metal ions (or anions) are used for balancing the charge, so that the metal ions (or anions) have weak bonding force with the molecular lattice of the mesoporous material, can freely move in the skeleton structure, and are easy to reversibly exchange with other cations (or anions) under certain conditions, thereby changing the material characteristics or valence state.
The wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is a family of porous, water-containing, framework-like aluminosilicate minerals. Tetrahedra consisting of Si, al and O, wherein silicon oxygen tetrahedra (SIO 2) and aluminum oxygen tetrahedra (AlO 4) constitute a three-dimensional space-like structure with infinite expansion. The structure has larger openness, and the whole crystal has uniform and mutually communicated channels and pores, and alkali metal cations, alkaline earth element cations, rare earth element cations and water molecules are occupied in the pores. Because these cations are only loosely bound to the crystal structure and are not stable enough to exchange with other cations, the internal surface area is large and therefore the ion adsorption capacity is large. Since the selectivity of adsorption is related to its structure, it is also related to the characteristics of cations (charge number, ionic radius, hydration degree, etc.) and the exchange conditions. The toxicity of heavy metals is closely related to the various forms they exist in water and soil. Heavy metals in water and soil can be classified into an exchange state, a carbonate bonding state, a ferro-manganese bonding state, an organic bonding state and a residue state, and heavy metals absorbed by plants are mainly exchange state heavy metals. Therefore, controlling the effective morphology of water and soil heavy metals is critical to reducing plant uptake of heavy metals. The wave-splitting nano mesoporous material has larger specific surface area and ion exchange capacity, and can promote the heavy metals in water and soil to be combined by exchange state and carbonateThe combined state is converted into the combined state, the organic state and the residue state of iron and manganese, namely, the conversion from the biological effective state to the non-biological effective state, so that the biological effectiveness of heavy metals in water and soil environment is reduced, the heavy metals in water and soil are effectively passivated, the mobility of the heavy metals is reduced, the geochemical stability of heavy metal ions is increased, the toxicity of the heavy metals to animals and plants is reduced, and the ecological balance of the soil is maintained. The wave-splitting nano mesoporous material has competitiveness on the fixed conversion of heavy metals. The selectivity of the general divalent metals is: cu (Cu) 2+ ＞Ni 2+ ＞Co 2+ ＞Pb 2+ ＞Ca 2+ ＞Zn 2+ ＞Mg 2+ ＞Sr 2+ May also be affected by factors such as ionic radius, hydration energy, hydration ionic radius, etc.
2. Biochemical mechanism
2.1 the scale matching of pore canal and pollutant has the enhancement function.
2.2 key role of protein transport. The biochemical reaction is mostly carried out in the cells of the organism, and the cells enter the organism and pass through the cell membranes of the organism. The beneficial bacteria film has about 4NM pore canal on average, can pass through albumin molecules with relative molecular weight less than 60000, and can only pass through other polar molecules with relative molecular weight less than 100 and no charge, such as water, ethanol, lactic acid and other water-soluble small molecules. Gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and the like can be transported through a poorly soluble diffusion transmembrane, the relative diffusivity of the gases is proportional to the concentration difference of the substances at two sides of the membrane, and glucose can hardly pass through the gases. This selective filtration of the bacterial film provides conditions for easy diffusion.
The protein and pollutant adsorbed by the mesoporous material take the nano pore canal as a reactor, and the configuration change is carried out, so that the pollutant which can not pass through the bacterial membrane originally is changed into the pollutant which can enter the bacterial cell, and the biochemical reaction is accelerated. The active transport is to add certain energy under the help of carrier protein to make the protein loaded with pollutant produce reverse concentration gradient molecular film penetrating motion to drive the pollutant to diffuse out of the hole and enter into beneficial bacteria cell to produce biochemical reaction. Such as: a process in which intestinal mucosal cells of animals ingest glucose from the intestinal lumen where the sugar concentration is low. Protein load transport, which is the main mechanism of reinforcing biochemical reaction by nano mesoporous material.
3. Nanometer biological reaction field
The wave-splitting nano mesoporous material concentrates pollutants in lakes and soil to the pore canal and the surrounding thereof by means of adsorption and ion exchange capacity, and animals, plants and microorganisms can concentrate to the nano adsorbent and the surrounding thereof along with nutrient substances, so that a reaction field taking the nano adsorption slow-release agent as the center is formed, and continuous nano biological reaction is carried out. The heavy metals are treated separately, firstly, they can all enter the pore canal of the nano adsorption slow release agent, the lacking varieties are stored in the pore canal, excessive overflows are generated, and the microorganisms degrade the heavy metals. The degradation types are as follows:
3.1, microorganism metabolism, reducing the molecular weight of organic matters, generating substances which are easier to complex with heavy metal pollutants, and promoting the simultaneous transfer of the organic matters and heavy metal class-II pollutants;
3.2, releasing biological acid to dissolve heavy metals, leaching out combined heavy metals in the bottom mud and water;
3.3, changing the valence state of heavy metal ions by the oxidation-reduction effect of microorganisms, and reducing the toxicity of the heavy metal ions;
3.4, utilizing substances containing lone pair electrons such as sulfur, phosphorus, oxygen and the like to provide coordination electron pairs, so that heavy metal ions are subjected to complexation and precipitation outside the microorganism cells, and accumulation in the cells is performed to fix the heavy metals;
and 3.5, treating and repairing the heavy metal pollution by utilizing the mycorrhiza combined action between the microorganism and the plant.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, it can be seen from fig. 1 and 2 that there are microorganisms and the presence and activity of the microorganisms in the sewage; as can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, under the same conditions, 1: colony count ratio 1 for 4 ratios: 100, the bacterial count was much higher and there was a large difference in bacterial activity, and the blank electron microscope showed almost no viable bacteria (this experimental profile and data was provided by the dulcimer biological company, inc.).
The wireless water quality monitoring system adopts an outdoor small-sized automatic water quality monitoring station, a fixed water station or a solar buoy water station, can simultaneously monitor water temperature, hydrology, PH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, turbidity, chlorophyll a, blue-green algae, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, permanganate index, heavy metal and other special factors as required, and the wireless water quality sensor model HGHWSZ/HGFBSZ, an RS485 interface and can formulate a transmission protocol as required.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is characterized by comprising a porous water-containing frame-shaped aluminosilicate mineral, wherein the porous water-containing frame-shaped aluminosilicate mineral consists of Si, al and O to form a silicon oxygen tetrahedron and an aluminum oxygen tetrahedron, and the silicon oxygen tetrahedron and the aluminum oxygen tetrahedron form a three-dimensional space frame-shaped structure.
2. A sewage treatment method for a front pool of an agricultural non-point source pump station by using a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is characterized by comprising the following treatment steps: (1) Scattering the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the branch canal, and constructing a nano biological reaction field for improving the ecology of the sediment by utilizing the relaxation effect of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material;
(2) Constructing an ecological permeable dam at the front end of a branch canal converging into a main canal, taking a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material as a nutrition matrix at the upper end of the ecological permeable dam, transplanting submerged plants in a pot, and filling the ecological permeable dam with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in claim 1;
(3) And selecting a plurality of sections at the junction of the shallower branch canal and the branch canal as ecological wetland for transplanting aquatic wetland plants, constructing a biological barrier, and taking cane shoots and lotus flowers as preferential selection.
3. The method for treating sewage by using the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the front pool of the agricultural non-point source pump station as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is in a bag form, 12.5kg of each bag and 5 bags are a group, a wooden tray is bound by using a binding belt, and the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is placed in a branch canal and a main canal in a staggered manner along two sides at intervals of 2-4 m.
4. An application method of a wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in rural domestic sewage treatment is characterized in that: the method comprises the following processing steps: (1) collecting rural domestic wastewater; (2) Discharging the wastewater into an anaerobic tank for treatment, wherein the anaerobic tank is internally provided with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the invention 1, and the dosage of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material is 8-13wt% of the wastewater; (4) And (3) introducing the liquid treated in the step (3) into a wetland park system for recycling or draining into a drainage ditch.
5. The application method of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in rural domestic sewage treatment according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the rural domestic wastewater collecting inlet in the step (1) and the drainage ditch in the step (4) are also provided with a wireless water quality sensor for detecting water quality index data and a cloud service terminal, wherein the cloud service terminal acquires the water quality index data from the wireless water quality sensor every a period of time.
6. The application method of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the treatment of the tail water of the fishpond is that the system is suitable for large-scale freshwater aquaculture, and the daily displacement of the fishpond is ten thousand tons of large-scale fishfarms. The method is characterized by comprising the following processing steps: (1) collecting fish pond tail water; (2) Discharging fishpond tail water into a pre-constructed ecological permeable dike for interception and filtration, wherein the ecological permeable dike is put with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material according to claim 1; (3) Discharging the liquid treated in the step (2) into a sedimentation pond for treatment, wherein the sedimentation pond is filled with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material according to claim 1 and planted with submerged plants; (4) Discharging the liquid treated in the step (3) into a vertical subsurface flow wetland for treatment, and then conveying the liquid into a horizontal wetland for treatment; (5) Discharging the liquid treated in the step (4) into an ecological ditch, wherein the ecological ditch is filled with the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material according to claim 1 and planted with submerged and floating plants; (6) And (5) discharging the liquid treated in the step (5) into an external ditch or recycling.
7. The application method of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the treatment of fishpond tail water according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the wetland in the step (4) is planted with emergent aquatic plants and floating plants, and the planting density of the emergent aquatic plants is 9 plants/m 2 About 80 strains/m 2 The planting density of the floating plants is 1 plant/m 2 About 30 strains/m 2 。
8. The application method of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the treatment of fishpond tail water according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that a wireless water quality sensor for detecting water quality index data and a cloud service terminal are arranged at a fishpond tail water collecting inlet of the step (1), a sedimentation pond of the step (3) and an ecological ditch of the step (5), and the cloud service terminal acquires the water quality index data from the wireless water quality sensor every a period of time.
9. The application method of the wave-splitting nano mesoporous material in the treatment of fishpond tail water, which is characterized in that: the water quality index data comprise hormone, antibiotic concentration, pollutant index pH value, COD or permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and SS.
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| CN103159383A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-06-19 | 云南省科学技术情报研究院 | Rural domestic sewage biological treatment system |
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| CN107673365A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-09 | 龙燕 | Produce the ripple cleavage method of modified zeolite |
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