CN116392464B - 乳酸盐在制备骨修复、骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的药物中的用途 - Google Patents
乳酸盐在制备骨修复、骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的药物中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开乳酸盐在制备骨修复、骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的药物中的用途。本发明验证了乳酸盐通过激活骨髓间充质干细胞中的钙信号通路,增强钙离子内流及成骨分子Runx2、BMP2及OCN的表达,从而促进骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化,促进骨创伤修复。此外,乳酸盐具有可局部注射或加载胶原蛋白膜在创面局部覆盖、副作用小、促成骨作用明显等特点,为临床处理骨损伤、促进骨组织修复提供了新的选择。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及再生医学领域,具体地涉及乳酸盐在制备骨修复、骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的药物中的用途。
背景技术
骨愈合不良或不愈合是骨创伤后的常见并发症,严重影响机体功能及美观,探究并发现一种新的预防及治疗方法尤为重要。
骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchyml stem cell,BMSCs)是骨损伤修复过程中的重要种子细胞,在骨损伤微环境多种调节因素的作用下,BMSCs迁移、增殖并分化为成骨细胞和软骨细胞,形成新的骨组织并完成骨损伤的修复。早期骨组织的形成与BMSCs的活化及功能密不可分。探究骨损伤后局部微环境中活性因子对BMSCs的调节作用对于预防骨愈合不良、促进骨损伤修复具有重要的研究意义。目前临床上尚没有针对通过调节骨损伤微环境进而加速骨损伤愈合的活性分子材料。
骨损伤后,局部细胞由于缺血缺氧发生无氧酵解代谢产生大量乳酸,在体液缓冲体系的调节下,主要以L-乳酸钠盐的形式存在,但其对骨髓间充质干细胞的调节作用及其在骨损伤修复中的成骨作用尚没有相关的研究与报道。
背景技术中的信息仅仅在于说明本发明的总体背景,不应视为承认或以任何形式暗示这些信息构成本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中的技术问题,尤其是解决现有技术中无法针对骨损伤微环境中的关键靶点进而加速骨损伤愈合的技术问题,本发明提供乳酸盐在制备骨修复、骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的药物中的用途。具体地,本发明包括以下内容。
本发明的第一方面,提供乳酸盐在制备用于促进骨创伤或骨组织修复的药物中的用途。
本发明的第二方面,提供乳酸盐在制备用于促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的药物中的用途。
本发明的第三方面,提供乳酸盐在制备用于骨髓间充质干细胞中钙信号通路的激活剂中的用途。
本发明的第四方面,提供乳酸盐在制备用于促进成骨调控相关基因的表达量或相关蛋白的量的药物中的用途,其中,所述成骨调控相关基因包括Runx2、BMP2和OCN中的至少一种。
在某些实施方案中,根据本发明所述的用途,其中,所述乳酸盐的浓度为5 mmol/L-30 mmol/L。
在某些实施方案中,根据本发明所述的用途,其中,用于所述乳酸盐的溶剂包括磷酸盐缓冲液。
本发明的第五方面,提供一种用于促进骨创伤修复的药物组合物,其包括乳酸盐和可选的药学上可接受的载体。
本发明的第六方面,提供一种用于促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的药物组合物,其包括乳酸盐和可选的药学上可接受的载体。
在某些实施方案中,根据本发明所述的药物组合物,其中,所述药物组合物的剂型包括片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、颗粒剂、注射剂、混悬剂、溶液剂、乳膏剂、栓剂、凝胶剂、气雾剂、喷雾剂和粉雾剂中的至少一种。
本发明的第七方面,提供一种体外调控骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的方法,其包括使乳酸盐与骨髓间充质干细胞在体外进行接触并培养的步骤。
本发明中,乳酸盐通过激活骨髓间充质干细胞中的钙信号通路,增强钙离子内流及成骨分子Runx2、BMP2及OCN的表达,从而促进骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化,促进骨创伤修复。
乳酸盐具有可局部注射或加载胶原蛋白膜在创面局部覆盖、副作用小、促成骨作用明显等特点,为临床处理骨损伤、促进骨组织修复提供了新的选择。
附图说明
图1为L-乳酸钠在骨创伤组织中随时间的表达量变化曲线示意图。
图2示出了L-乳酸钠调控骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化的茜素红染色及ALP染色结果示意图;体外培养的骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)中加入含有L-乳酸钠的成骨诱导培养液成骨诱导14天,进行茜素红染色及碱性磷酸酶(ALP)染色。图为培养孔板外观和显微镜下颗粒或块状沉淀的影像。
图3为L-乳酸钠促进骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)中成骨分子Runx2、BMP2及OCN的表达量示意图,其中图3的(A)Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子 mRNA的实时定量RCR检测;(B)Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子蛋白western blot检测;(C)Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子免疫荧光检测。
图4为L-乳酸钠促进BMSCs钙离子内流的激光共聚焦荧光图片。
图5为抑制细胞膜钙离子通道后再加入不同浓度的L-乳酸钠作用,Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子的western blot图。
图6示出了L-乳酸钠促进骨修复的体内验证实验。
具体实施方式
现详细说明本发明的多种示例性实施方式,该详细说明不应认为是对本发明的限制,而应理解为是对本发明的某些方面、特性和实施方案的更详细的描述。
应理解本发明中所述的术语仅仅是为描述特别的实施方式,并非用于限制本发明。另外,对于本发明中的数值范围,应理解为具体公开了该范围的上限和下限以及它们之间的每个中间值。在任何陈述值或陈述范围内的中间值以及任何其他陈述值或在所述范围内的中间值之间的每个较小的范围也包括在本发明内。这些较小范围的上限和下限可独立地包括或排除在范围内。
除非另有说明,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有本发明所述领域的常规技术人员通常理解的相同含义。虽然本发明仅描述了优选的方法和材料,但是在本发明的实施或测试中也可以使用与本文所述相似或等同的任何方法和材料。本说明书中提到的所有文献通过引用并入,用以公开和描述与所述文献相关的方法和/或材料。在与任何并入的文献冲突时,以本说明书的内容为准。除非另有说明,否则“%”为基于重量的百分数。
用途
本发明的一个方面,提供了乳酸盐在以下中的新用途,包括:
(1) 在制备用于促进骨创伤或骨组织修复的药物中的用途;
(2) 在制备用于促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的药物中的用途;
(3) 在制备骨髓间充质干细胞中钙信号通路的激活剂中的用途;和
(4) 在制备用于促进成骨调控相关基因的表达量或相关蛋白的量的药物中的用途。
本发明中,乳酸盐化学式为:C3H5XO3,其具有式(I)所示结构:式(I),
其中X为一价碱金属,所述碱金属优选为Na或K。在某些实施方案中,X为Na,所述乳酸盐为L-乳酸钠。在另外的实施方案中,X为K,所述乳酸盐为乳酸钾。
本发明中,骨创伤或骨组织修复包括但不限于下述情况:(1) 骨再生或加快骨再生速度;(2) 新的骨骼的形成;(3) 骨体积分数增加;(4) 骨密度增加。
本发明通过实验发现乳酸盐与骨髓间充质干细胞共培养下能够促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化,增强成骨细胞的标志性酶ALP的活性,调控成骨分化过程中重要调控分子Runx2、BMP2及OCN的表达,尤其是乳酸盐能够促进骨髓间充质干细胞Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子的mRNA表达及其蛋白表达。上述调控分子的mRNA表达及蛋白检测方法不特别限定,本领域技术人员熟知如何确定相关基因的表达量或相关蛋白的量,例如使用特异性结合上述蛋白的抗体、或相关基因的探针,或能够扩增所述相关基因而设计的引物等。
本发明还通过实验进一步验证了乳酸盐促成骨的体外通路,结果表明,乳酸盐通过增强骨髓间充质干细胞的细胞内钙离子浓度,从而促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化作用,使得乳酸盐在骨创伤或骨组织修复中发挥重要作用。
本发明中,所使用的乳酸盐(缓冲液中)的浓度为5 mmol/L-30 mmol/L,例如5、10、15、20、25、30 mmol/L或上述范围之间的任意浓度值。所使用的缓冲液不特别限定,可以采用任何已知的缓冲液,但优选使用PBS缓冲盐溶液。
在其他实施方案中,例如乳酸盐与其他载体或基质混合的情况下,乳酸盐为总重量的10%-30%,例如10%、15%、20%、25%、30%。
药物组合物
本发明还提供一种用于促进骨创伤修复以及促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的药物组合物,所述药物组合物包括乳酸盐和可选的药学上可接受的载体,其中所述乳酸盐通过激活骨髓间充质干细胞中钙信号通路,从而使细胞内钙离子浓度升高或增加,随后激活下游通路,使成骨调控相关基因的表达或成骨调控相关蛋白的量增加,由此促进或诱导骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化。
本发明中的药物组合物可选的包含药学上可接受的载体,术语“药学上可接受的载体”指的是一种药学上可接受的材料、组合物或载体,如液体或固体填料、稀释剂、赋形剂、溶剂或封装材料,且该类药学上可接受的材料、组合物或载体参与将药剂从一个器官或身体的某一部位运载或运送至另一个器官或身体的另一部位。每种载体必须是“可接受的”,即指其与配方的其他成分相容且不损害患者。在药学上可接受的载体的部分示例如下:糖,如乳糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖;淀粉,如玉米淀粉和马铃薯淀粉;纤维素及其衍生物和类似物,如羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素和纤维素乙酸酯;西黄蓍胶粉;麦芽;明胶;滑石粉;赋形剂,如可可油和栓剂蜡;油,如花生油、棉籽油、红花油、芝麻油、橄榄油、玉米油和豆油;二醇类,如丙二醇;多元醇,如甘油、山梨醇、甘露醇和聚乙二醇;酯类,如油酸乙酯和月桂乙酯;琼脂;缓冲剂,如氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝;褐藻酸;无热原水;等渗盐水;林格氏溶液;乙醇;磷酸盐缓冲液;以及药物制剂中使用的其他无毒且相容的物质。润湿剂、乳化剂和润滑剂,如十二烷基磺酸钠、硬脂酸镁、和聚氧乙烯-聚环氧丙烷共聚物以及着色剂、脱模剂、涂层剂、甜味剂、调味剂和芳香剂、防腐剂和抗氧化剂也可存在于组合物中。
在某些实施方案中,药学上可接受的载体包括胶原蛋白海绵/膜,壳聚糖,聚乙二醇类,纤维素类或明胶海绵/膜。
本发明中,药物组合物可以以任何合适的剂型施用至受试者/患者,施用方式没有特别限制,代表性的施用方式包括但并不限于:口服、肌肉注射、静脉注射、静脉滴注、灌肠、喷雾、外敷、或腹腔注射。本发明中,受试者/患者是指脊椎动物,优选为哺乳动物,哺乳动物包括但不限于鼠类、猿、家畜、人等,优选为人。
本发明中,所述药物组合物的剂型的实例包括但不限于如片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、颗粒剂、注射剂、混悬剂、溶液剂、乳膏剂、栓剂、凝胶剂、气雾剂、喷雾剂和粉雾剂。
调控骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的方法
本发明还提供一种体外调控骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的方法,包括使乳酸盐与骨髓间充质干细胞在体外进行接触并培养的步骤。“调控”包括促进或抑制骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的情况,优选为促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化。在某些实施方案中,使乳酸盐与骨髓间充质干细胞在成骨诱导培养液中诱导10-20天,优选诱导14天。
本发明中,成骨诱导培养液含有5-30 mmol/L的乳酸盐,可以理解的是,诱导培养液中进一步还可含有培养骨髓间充质干细胞的其他成分,例如抗环血酸、β-甘油酸钠、谷氨酰胺等。
本发明中,用于诱导培养的条件为30-45℃,优选37℃和5% CO2。在体外获得或在体外培养的生物实体的骨髓间充质干细胞及其后代(包括成骨细胞和软骨细胞)也涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
以下实施例使用的材料如下:C57BL/6N小鼠,购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司;L-乳酸钠,购自Sigma-Aldrich公司;骨髓间充质干细胞,购自苏州赛业生物科技有限公司。本发明的实施例中的结果采用标准差±标准误来表示,使用Graphpad prism 9.0进行作图,各组之间的相关性使用One-way ANOVA检验来统计。
实施例1
本实施例示出了L-乳酸钠在骨损伤组织中的表达量变化。
1、实验方法
将8周的C57BL/6N小鼠30只分为5组,分别为对照组(假手术组)、损伤后2小时组(2h)、损伤后4小时组(4 h)、损伤后8小时组(8 h)及损伤后24小时组(24 h),采用1%戊巴比妥钠(50 mg/kg)腹腔注射,麻醉后俯卧位固定于动物实验台,剪去右侧后肢术区的体毛后,碘伏消毒,铺无菌手术单,于小鼠大腿外侧行纵行切口,逐层分离组织显露小鼠股骨,于远心端利用直径1.4 mm球钻制备球形骨损伤后逐层缝合;对照组只行假手术,不造成小鼠股骨损伤。于骨损伤后2 h、4 h、8 h及24 h取骨损伤组织,检测局部L-乳酸钠的含量。
2、检测方法
采用购自Sigma-Aldrich公司的乳酸盐检测试剂盒,按照操作说明进行检测。
3、实验结果
如图1所示,骨损伤后的24 h内,相对于假手术组,损伤局部L-乳酸钠的含量呈现逐渐上升的趋势,并维持在一个较高的水平,提示其可能在骨损伤后的病理反应中发挥功能作用(图1)。
实施例2
本实施例示出了L-乳酸钠调控骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化。
1、实验方法
茜素红染色检测成骨细胞钙结节的形成情况,碱性磷酸酶染色间接反映成骨细胞的标志性酶碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性。
实验分为以下三组:control组(无乳酸钠作用),5 mmol/L乳酸钠刺激组及30mmol/L乳酸钠刺激组。
成骨诱导方法:待细胞铺入培养孔板后,观察细胞汇合度,待细胞汇合度达到80%-90%时更换含不同浓度乳酸钠(5 mmol/L及30 mmol/L)的成骨诱导培养液,每2天更换一次,诱导14天。
成骨诱导培养液成分:MEM-α干细胞基础培养基,10% FBS,青霉素(100 U/ml)-链霉素(0.1 mg/ml)双抗液,2 mmol/L谷氨酰胺,10 mmol/L β-甘油酸钠,10 nmol/L地塞米松,0.2 mmol/L抗坏血酸。
2、检测方法
茜素红染色、碱性磷酸酶染色。
3、实验结果
不同组的骨髓间充质干细胞在成骨诱导培养液作用14天后进行茜素红及碱性磷酸酶染色。如图2A所示,与control组相比,乳酸钠处理组的细胞茜素红染色可见明显的钙结节形成,表现出成骨细胞的特性,反映出乳酸钠促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的能力。
此外,如图2B所示,相对于control组,乳酸钠处理组的碱性磷酸酶染色可见较多的灰蓝色颗粒或块状沉淀形成,表明乳酸钠可增强成骨细胞的标志性酶ALP的活性,提示乳酸钠的促成骨分化能力。
实施例3
本实施例示出了乳酸钠促进成骨分化过程中重要的调控分子Runx2、BMP2及OCN的表达。
1、实验方法
取对数生长期的骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)接种到6孔板中,置于37℃、5% CO2的培养箱中,使用干细胞培养基(MEM-α,10% FBS,1%双抗)培养细胞至融合度70%-80%。实验分为以下三组:control组(无L-乳酸钠作用),5 mmol/L L-乳酸钠刺激组及30 mmol/L L-乳酸钠刺激组,处理24h后,通过实时定量PCR、western blot及免疫荧光检测成骨分化过程中重要调控分子Runx2、BMP2及OCN的表达。
2、检测方法:
实时荧光定量PCR:使用Trizol从骨髓间充质干细胞中提取RNA,逆转录获得cDNA后,使用不同分子特异性引物进行实时荧光定量PCR检测。Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子的特异性引物如下:
Runx2:
正向引物序列:TTCAACGATCTGAGATTTGTGGG;
反向引物序列:GGATGAGGAATGCGCCCTA;
BMP2:
正向引物序列:TCTTCCGGGAACAGATACAGG;
反向引物序列:TGGTGTCCAATAGTCTGGTCA;
OCN:
正向引物序列:GAACAGACAAGTCCCACACAGC;
反向引物序列:TCAGCAGAGTGAGCAGAAAGAT;
Western blot:使用细胞裂解液提取细胞蛋白,BCA法检测样品的蛋白浓度后,取等量蛋白进行western blot凝胶电泳及条带曝光。
免疫荧光:将细胞爬片使用4%多聚甲醛固定后,分别使用Runx2、BMP2及OCN特异性抗体孵育,然后通过荧光二抗标记,激光共聚焦显微镜进行拍摄,明确Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子的细胞定位及表达量。
3、实验结果
实时定量PCR的结果如图3A所示,与control组相比,L-乳酸钠能够促进骨髓间充质干细胞Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子的mRNA表达。
Western blot结果如图3B所示,L-乳酸钠能够促进骨髓间充质干细胞Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子的蛋白表达。
免疫荧光结果如图3C所示,图中蓝色标记(DAPI)为细胞核,红色标记从上到下分别Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子,绿色标记为细胞骨架。结果显示,L-乳酸钠处理组中细胞Runx2、BMP2及OCN分子的表达量高于control组。
以上结果从细胞层面证实L-乳酸钠可通过增强促成骨分子Runx2、BMP2及OCN的表达量发挥促成骨的作用。
实施例4
本实施例示出了L-乳酸钠促成骨的体外通路验证。
1、实验方法
实验分为以下两组:5 mmol/L L-乳酸钠刺激组及30 mmol/L L-乳酸钠刺激组。将对数生长期的骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)接种到专用荧光培养皿,置于37℃、5% CO2的培养箱中,使用干细胞培养基(MEM-α,10% FBS,1% 双抗)培养细胞至融合度60%-70%后,采用钙离子标记荧光探针Fluo-4 AM孵育不同组细胞30分钟后进行检测。
2、检测方法
激光共聚焦实时扫描,观察加入L-乳酸钠后细胞内钙离子的变化。
3、实验结果
实时观察的结果如图4所示,5 mmol/L L-乳酸钠及30 mmol/L L-乳酸钠加入骨髓间充质干细胞后,细胞内的钙离子荧光强度逐渐增强,证实乳酸钠可增强细胞内钙离子浓度。
实施例5
本实施例示出了钙信号通路在L-乳酸钠促成骨效应中的作用。
1、实验方法
取对数生长期的骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)接种到6孔板中,置于37℃、5% CO2的培养箱中,使用干细胞培养基(MEM-α,10% FBS,1%双抗)培养细胞至融合度70%-80%后使用特异性钙离子通道抑制剂Nifedipine进行预孵育30分钟,随后加入不同浓度的L-乳酸钠处理24h后通过western blot检测抑制钙离子通道后成骨分化过程中重要调控分子Runx2、BMP2及OCN的表达变化。
2、检测方法
使用细胞裂解液提取细胞蛋白,BCA法检测样品的蛋白浓度后,取等量蛋白进行western blot凝胶电泳及条带曝光。
3、实验结果
Western blot结果如图5所示,当使用Nifedipine抑制钙离子通道,阻断钙离子内流后,此前由L-乳酸钠引发的促成骨分子表达效应发生下调,提示钙信号是L-乳酸钠发挥促成骨作用的关键信号通路。
实施例6
本实施例示出了L-乳酸钠增强小鼠颅骨损伤修复。
1、实验方法
将8周的C57BL/6N小鼠18只分为3组,分别为对照组(骨损伤局部覆盖胶原蛋白海绵)、10% L-乳酸钠组(骨损伤局部覆盖浸渍10% L-乳酸钠的胶原蛋白海绵)、15% L-乳酸钠组(骨损伤局部覆盖浸渍15% L-乳酸钠的胶原蛋白海绵),采用1%戊巴比妥钠(50 mg/kg)腹腔注射,麻醉后俯卧位固定于动物实验台,剪去颅顶体毛后,碘伏消毒,铺无菌手术单,于小鼠颅顶中线区行纵行切口,逐层分离组织显露小鼠颅骨,于右侧颅顶利用直径4 mm环钻制备圆形骨损伤后分别覆盖相应的胶原蛋白海绵,逐层缝合。于骨损伤后1个月取骨损伤组织,拍照检测骨缺损面积。
2、检测方法
使用高清相机拍照记录不同组骨损伤的情况,包括缺损面积、新生骨量,然后通过Image Pro Plus软件进一步量化分析。
3、实验结果
实验结果如图6所示,L-乳酸钠处理组的颅骨骨损伤愈合速度显著高于对照组,提示L-乳酸钠在促进骨损伤修复中的作用。
实施例7
本实施例示出了实施例6中使用的含有L-乳酸钠的胶原蛋白海绵的制备以及含有其他药学上可接受的载体或辅料的组合物的制备。
1、将L-乳酸钠加入PBS缓冲盐溶液中获得L-乳酸钠溶液,随后与胶原蛋白溶液/明胶溶液/壳聚糖溶液(微球)/纤维素溶液/多肽类水凝胶基质或其他天然高分子材料溶液等混合,通过冷冻干燥工艺、喷雾干燥工艺、超临界二氧化碳干燥工艺等,获得含有L-乳酸钠的、具有一定表面积、尺寸、孔隙率及生物相容性的海绵、纤维膜或水凝胶生物制品。
2、将提纯后的L-乳酸钠与生理盐水/缓冲盐溶液按照不同比例混合,灭菌后制备出具有特定浓度的可局部注射的L-乳酸钠注射液。
3、将提纯后的L-乳酸钠灭菌后真空干燥,通过压缩/不压缩制备L-乳酸钠片剂/粉剂。当使用时,通过加入灭菌生理盐水或灭菌缓冲盐溶液溶解L-乳酸钠片剂/粉剂,使其形成溶液后使用。
尽管本发明已经参考示例性实施方案进行了描述,但应理解本发明不限于公开的示例性实施方案。在不背离本发明的范围或精神的情况下,可对本发明说明书的示例性实施方案做多种调整或变化。权利要求的范围应基于最宽的解释以涵盖所有修改和等同结构与功能。
Claims (3)
1. L-乳酸钠在制备用于促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化进而促进骨损伤修复的药物中的用途。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述L-乳酸钠在缓冲液中的浓度为5mmol/L-30 mmol/L。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物的剂型包括片剂、颗粒剂、溶液剂、乳膏剂、栓剂、凝胶剂和气雾剂中的至少一种。
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