CN116388761A - Analog-to-digital converter - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides an analog-to-digital converter, which samples an input analog signal at a constant sampling frequency to obtain first sampling data; the first sampling data comprises sampling data of an instantaneous pulse signal and sampling data of an input voltage signal; the input voltage signal is a preset signal; the instantaneous pulse signal is input after the input voltage signal is ended; determining the sampling data of the instantaneous pulse signal according to the sampling data of which the amplitude jump range is larger than a preset threshold value and the signal duration is smaller than or equal to the preset signal duration after the first sampling data is recovered to zero from the maximum voltage value; adding preset time to the sampling time of the sampling point with the maximum corresponding amplitude in the sampling data of the instantaneous pulse signal to be used as the sending time of the input voltage signal; and taking a sampling point corresponding to the transmission time of the input voltage signal as a sampling starting point of sampling data of the input voltage signal.
Description
The present application is a division of chinese patent application filed by chinese patent office at 11/21/2019, application No. 201911148182.6, application name "method, apparatus, device and medium for generating ADC output curve", and the entire contents of the present application are incorporated in the parent application.
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of signal processing, in particular to an analog-to-digital converter.
Background
An analog-to-digital converter (analog to digital converter, ADC for short) is operative to convert an analog signal having a continuous time and continuous amplitude into a digital signal having a discrete time and continuous amplitude through 4 processes of sampling, holding, quantizing, and encoding. The sampling rate refers to the number of points acquired per unit time of the ADC. In the analog-to-digital conversion process, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a waveform diagram of a ramp voltage signal sent by a signal generator (the period t2-t1 or t5-t4 of the ramp voltage signal, and the linear relationship between voltage and time can be set by the signal generator), and fig. 2 is a ladder line diagram of a "digital output value k-sampling point n" output by a 12-bit ADC (the sampling rate of the ADC can be set); when the voltage range of the ramp signal sent by the signal generator is 0-3.3V, the output value range of the ADC is 0-4095.
In daily ADC data analysis, a specific voltage corresponding to each sampling point needs to be obtained, and an accurate "voltage V-digital output value k" graph is required. In the prior art, because the ADC and the signal generator adopt different clocks, the time correspondence between the ADC sampling points and the sampling signals is difficult to determine, and thus the specific voltage corresponding to each sampling point cannot be determined. In addition, in the conversion output process of the ADC, due to the influence of factors such as the accuracy of the ADC and the implementation environment, the sampling of the ADC is usually error, so that the output value of the ADC is correspondingly error, and therefore, an accurate graph of the "voltage V-digital output value k" cannot be obtained. Therefore, a method capable of further generating an accurate "voltage V-digital output value k" graph on the basis of acquiring a specific voltage corresponding to each sampling point is desired.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an analog-to-digital converter, which is used for optimizing sampling of the analog-to-digital converter.
The embodiment of the application provides an analog-to-digital converter, which samples an input analog signal at a constant sampling frequency to obtain first sampling data; the first sampling data comprises sampling data of an instantaneous pulse signal and sampling data of an input voltage signal; the input voltage signal is a preset signal; the instantaneous pulse signal is input after the input voltage signal is ended; determining the sampling data of the instantaneous pulse signal according to the sampling data of which the amplitude jump range is larger than a preset threshold value and the signal duration is smaller than or equal to the preset signal duration after the first sampling data is recovered to zero from the maximum voltage value; adding preset time to the sampling time of the sampling point with the maximum corresponding amplitude in the sampling data of the instantaneous pulse signal to be used as the sending time of the input voltage signal; and taking a sampling point corresponding to the transmission time of the input voltage signal as a sampling starting point of sampling data of the input voltage signal.
In one possible implementation, the input voltage signal is a ramp voltage signal.
In one possible embodiment, the transient pulse signal is input after the end of the previous input voltage signal and before the next input voltage signal.
In one possible embodiment, the transient pulse signal is a signal that is continuous at predetermined voltage amplitudes and at predetermined time intervals.
In a possible embodiment, the time interval between the momentary pulse signal and the subsequent input voltage signal is a preset time interval.
In one possible embodiment, the transient pulse signal is a transient rising pulse signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the first sampled data is smoothed by using a window function to obtain the second sampled data, where the window function is a truncated function.
In one possible embodiment, the first sampled data is smoothed by selecting a corresponding window function based on a waveform type of the input voltage signal, the window function including: blackman window, hanning window, hamming window, flat roof window, kaiss window, triangular window, rectangular window.
In a possible implementation manner, the window function is adopted to carry out smoothing processing on the first sampling data to obtain third sampling data, and a corresponding correction function is selected based on the type of the window function to carry out correction processing on sampling data of a sampling start point and a sampling end point of the third sampling data to obtain second sampling data.
In one possible implementation, the output curve of the analog-to-digital converter is generated according to the second sampling data and the sampling voltages corresponding to the sampling points.
Based on the above aspects, in the analog-to-digital converter provided in the embodiment of the present application, the instantaneous pulse signal is sent to the ADC first, and then the input voltage signal is sent to the ADC after a preset time interval, so that the ADC samples the instantaneous pulse signal and the input voltage signal in sequence to obtain first sampled data, because the duration of the instantaneous pulse signal is very short, the point where the amplitude of the corresponding first sampled data is the largest is unique, and the sampling time of the sampled point can be uniquely corresponding to the sending time of the instantaneous pulse signal, after the data segment corresponding to the instantaneous pulse signal is determined from the first sampled data, the sampled point corresponding to the sampling point with the largest amplitude in the data segment after the preset time interval is used as the sampling start point of the input voltage signal, and then the voltage corresponding to each sampled point of the input voltage signal after the sampling start point can be accurately determined according to the correspondence between the voltage and the time in the input voltage signal.
It should be appreciated that what is described in the foregoing summary section is not intended to limit key or critical features of embodiments of the present application nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram of a ramp voltage signal sent by a signal generator;
FIG. 2 is a ladder diagram of the "digital output value k-sample point n" output by a 12-bit ADC;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of analog-to-digital conversion provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for determining a sampling voltage of an ADC sampling point according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary analog signal;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing ideal and actual A/D conversion curves provided by embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of smoothing with a window function according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a method for generating an ADC output curve according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a correspondence between a digital output value k and a sampling point n of the 12-bit ADC based on the analog signal shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of a method for generating an ADC output curve according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an output curve generating device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing module 115 according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While certain embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings and examples of the present application are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
The terms first, second, third, fourth and the like in the description and in the claims of embodiments of the application and in the above-described figures, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the present application described herein may be implemented, for example, in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an analog-to-digital conversion scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application, and in the analog-to-digital conversion scenario of fig. 3, the analog-to-digital conversion scenario includes a signal generating device 11 and an ADC12, where the signal generating device 11 is configured to generate an analog voltage signal and input the analog voltage signal to the ADC12. After receiving the analog voltage signal input from the signal generating device 11, the ADC12 performs processes such as sampling, holding, quantization, and encoding on the analog voltage signal, converts the analog voltage signal into a corresponding digital signal, and outputs a corresponding relationship between the voltage V and the digital output value k. Wherein during processing of the ADC12, sample and hold, quantization and encoding may be performed simultaneously during conversion.
To aid in understanding the present application, the sampling, holding, quantization and encoding process of the ADC12 is described below:
sampling: the amplitude of the analog voltage signal is extracted at fixed time intervals, and the amplitude of the acquired analog voltage signal is taken as a sample value, wherein the shorter the time interval (or may be called sampling interval) for extracting the amplitude of the analog voltage signal, the more accurately the signal can be reproduced. However, shortening the sampling interval causes an increase in the amount of data, and thus the sampling interval can be set as needed in practical applications.
And (3) maintaining: in practice, it often takes a certain time to convert the sampled signal into a digital signal, and in order to provide a stable value for the subsequent quantization encoding process, the amplitude of the sampled voltage signal must be maintained for a period of time, whereas in the related art, the sampling and holding processes are generally performed simultaneously.
Quantification: although a signal continuous on the time axis is converted into a discontinuous (discrete) signal by sampling, the amplitude of the sampled voltage signal is still a continuous value (analog quantity). In this case, the division may be performed at regular intervals in the amplitude direction, which section each sample value belongs to may be determined, and the value recorded in the section may be assigned to the sample value, which operation is called quantization. The quantization process requires a certain time tau, and for the analog voltage signal which varies with time, the instantaneous sampling value is required to be kept unchanged within the time tau, so that the conversion accuracy and the conversion precision can be ensured, and the process is kept. It is the hold process that, in practice, the sampled signal is a continuous function of the step shape.
Encoding: the process of converting the quantized signal into a binary number, i.e. representing the quantized signal by a combination of 0 and 1, is called encoding, with "1" representing a pulse and "0" representing no pulse. When the number of the quantization levels is taken as 64 levels, the number of bits representing the binary of these values must be 6 bits; when the number of the quantization levels is 256, the number of the quantization levels must be represented by 8-bit binary numbers.
The analog voltage signal can be converted into the digital signal through the four processes, however, because the ADC and the signal generating equipment adopt different clocks, the corresponding relation between each sampling point of the ADC and the time point on the analog voltage signal is difficult to determine, so that the specific voltage corresponding to each sampling point cannot be determined, further, because the sampling of the ADC is usually error due to the influence of the precision of the ADC, the implementation environment and other factors, the output value of the ADC is also correspondingly error, and the ADC cannot output an accurate graph of the voltage V-digital output value k.
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the embodiments of the present application provide a scheme for generating an ADC output curve, where an innovative concept of the scheme is to input an instantaneous pulse signal with a shorter duration to an ADC, and input a voltage signal at a preset time interval after the instantaneous pulse signal, and because the instantaneous pulse signal has the characteristics of concentrated energy and easy identification, a sampling point corresponding to the instantaneous pulse signal can be easily identified from sampling data of the ADC, and a sampling point corresponding to a point with a maximum amplitude in the sampling points at a preset time interval can be used as a sampling start point of the input voltage signal, and further, after the sampling start point is determined, a sampling voltage of each sampling point of the input voltage signal after the sampling start point is obtained can be determined according to a correspondence between a voltage and a time in the input voltage signal. On the basis, in order to obtain an accurate relation curve of the voltage V-digital output value k, the embodiment of the application also carries out smoothing processing on the sampled data acquired by the ADC through the window function, and generates the relation curve of the voltage V-digital output value k according to the smoothed sampled data and the sampled voltage corresponding to each sampling point, and because the window function can eliminate error data generated by factors such as environmental interference in the sampled data, the accuracy of the relation curve of the voltage V-digital output value k can be improved by adopting the window function to generate the relation curve of the voltage V-digital output value k.
The following describes embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for determining a sampling voltage of an ADC sampling point according to an embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 4, where the method includes:
By way of example, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary analog signal. The analog signal includes an input voltage signal, which is embodied as a ramp voltage signal in fig. 5, and a transient pulse signal. The ramp voltage signal is a voltage signal with a certain slope and increases linearly from zero to a certain amplitude along with time. The linear relation represented by the mathematical function of the input voltage V and the time t of the input voltage signal is preset, and the sampling of a ramp voltage signal is performed before the signal generating device transmits the ramp voltage signal. Since the entire ramp voltage signal needs to be sampled, the time at which the sampling starts is generally earlier than the time at which the ramp voltage signal is transmitted, there are a plurality of sampling points having a voltage value of 0 before the sampling point corresponding to the start point of the ramp voltage signal, and if the sampling start point is considered as a point having a voltage value of 0, it cannot be determined which of the plurality of sampling points having a voltage value of 0 is the sampling point actually corresponding to the start point of the ramp voltage signal.
The signal generating device is set to transmit an instantaneous pulse signal before each transmission of the ramp voltage signal (time interval t1 minus t 0), wherein the relationship between the input voltage value V and time t of the ramp voltage signal can be expressed by a mathematical function, and the latter instantaneous pulse signal is transmitted after the previous ramp voltage signal is recovered (i.e., t4> t 3), i.e., the instantaneous pulse signal is set to be transmitted again after each input voltage signal reaches the maximum voltage value and is recovered to zero (time interval t4 minus t 3). The time interval t4 minus t0 is a transmission period of one instantaneous pulse signal. The instantaneous pulse signal is a signal continuously sent out according to a certain voltage amplitude and a certain time interval, the duration of the instantaneous pulse signal is smaller than or equal to the duration of a preset signal, the duration of the preset signal is set as short as possible so as to quickly and accurately detect the instantaneous pulse signal with large jump, and a sampling point corresponding to the transmission time of the instantaneous pulse signal plus the time interval t1 minus t0 is taken as a sampling starting point of the slope voltage signal, so that the voltage value corresponding to each sampling point of the subsequent slope voltage signal can be accurately determined according to the sampling starting point.
The instantaneous pulse signal can be an instantaneous rising or instantaneous falling pulse signal, namely the amplitude of the pulse signal can be a positive voltage value which is suddenly and largely changed, and can also be a negative voltage value which is suddenly and largely changed, and the maximum jumping value of the amplitude of the pulse signal can be rapidly detected to determine the sending time point of the signal. For example, in the present embodiment, the instantaneous pulse signal may be exemplarily understood as a unit impulse signal, where the unit impulse signal is an ideal signal with a duration infinitely small and an instantaneous amplitude infinitely large, and a coverage area constantly being 1; or it may be exemplarily understood that other rectangular pulses or triangular pulses with shorter duration and larger amplitude, etc. are sufficient as long as pulse signals with short duration and amplitude jump range in a short time is larger than a preset threshold.
Of course, fig. 5 is only an exemplary analog signal and is not intended to be the only limitation of the analog signal referred to herein.
Step 402, obtaining a correspondence between voltage and time in the input voltage signal, and obtaining first sampling data obtained by sampling the analog signal by an ADC.
The correspondence between the voltage and the time in the input voltage signal according to the present embodiment may be exemplarily understood as being stored in a storage medium in advance, and the correspondence between the voltage and the time in the input voltage signal is obtained from the storage medium when the method according to the present embodiment is executed.
In this embodiment, before the analog signal (including the instantaneous pulse signal and the input voltage signal) is input to the ADC, the ADC starts sampling at a constant sampling frequency, so that after the input of the analog signal of one period is completed, the data obtained by sampling the ADC includes the sampling data corresponding to the instantaneous pulse signal and the sampling data corresponding to the input voltage signal.
Because the instantaneous pulse signal has the characteristics of short duration, concentrated energy, intense amplitude jump in a short time and the like, according to the characteristics of the instantaneous pulse signal, the data which accords with the characteristics of the instantaneous pulse signal can be determined from the sampling data of the ADC to be used as a data segment corresponding to the instantaneous pulse signal, the sampling time of a sampling point with the maximum amplitude in the data segment plus the preset time can be regarded as the sending time of the input voltage signal, and the sampling point corresponding to the sending time of the input voltage signal is regarded as the sampling starting point of the input voltage signal.
And step 404, determining the sampling voltage of each sampling point of the input voltage signal after the sampling start point according to the corresponding relation.
Still taking fig. 5 as an example, since the time interval (t 1 minus t 0) between the instantaneous pulse signal and the ramp voltage signal, the period (t 2 minus t 1) of the ramp voltage signal, and the linear relationship between the voltage and time in the ramp voltage signal within (t 2 minus t 0) can be preset, the voltage value corresponding to each time t within the range of (t 2 minus t 0) can be determined; in addition, since the sampling frequency of the ADC may be set, the sampling point n0 of the instantaneous pulse signal (i.e., the point corresponding to the sampling time t 0) may be calculated according to the sampling frequency, so that the time interval between each point of the input voltage signal and the sampling point n0 may be determined, where the time interval is the time in the (t 2 minus t 0) range, so that the specific voltage value corresponding to each ADC sampling point may be determined. Where the sampling rate (sampling rate) or sampling frequency (sampling frequency) defines the number of samples that are extracted from a continuous signal and that constitute a discrete signal per second, a colloquially speaking sampling frequency refers to how many signal samples are collected per second by a computer. The sampling frequency of the ADC can be set larger to more easily collect the data segments of the large transitions of the instantaneous pulse signal.
Of course, this embodiment is merely illustrated in fig. 5, and is not intended to be the only limitation of the present application.
And 405, smoothing the first sampled data by adopting a window function to obtain second sampled data.
As mentioned above, error data may exist in the sampled data of the ADC due to the ADC accuracy and noise interference, and although the sampling start point of the input voltage signal and the sampling voltage of each sampling point after the sampling start point are determined by adding the transient pulse signal in the previous part of the embodiment, the error data in the sampled data are not processed, and these error data may cause a deviation between the "voltage V-digital output value k" graph output by the ADC and the actual "voltage V-digital output value k" graph. Specifically, fig. 6 is a comparison diagram of an ideal and actual a/D conversion curve provided in the embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 6, the ideal a/D conversion curve is a stepped broken line that is up and down around an input curve (such as the ramp voltage signal in fig. 5) as a center. The center line of the up-and-down fluctuation of the actual sampling curve is not coincident with the ideal sampling curve, and has deviation E T . As a result, the actual A/D conversion curve does not fully reflect the one-to-one correspondence of the analog-to-digital converted input voltage and the converted binary numberThe accuracy of A/D conversion is affected, resulting in inaccuracy of the A/D conversion result. The related art considers that the cause of such deviation is that the signal amplitude before quantization is different from the signal amplitude after quantization, and this difference will be expressed in the form of noise when reproducing the signal. To reduce such noise, the related art generally reduces the interval between quantization steps. But decreasing the quantization interval causes an increase in the number of steps, resulting in an increase in the amount of data. In order to reduce the influence of error data on an output result and avoid the increase of data volume, after the sampling voltage of the sampling point corresponding to the input voltage signal is obtained, the embodiment performs smoothing processing on the first sampling data acquired from the input voltage signal by the ADC through a window function, so that the error data in the first sampling data is smoothed, and thus more accurate second sampling data is obtained.
In this embodiment, the window function is used to reduce the leakage of spectrum energy, and different clipping functions can be used to clip the signal, where the clipping function is called a window function, and is called a window for short. When the signal is truncated, only a certain length of the signal can be truncated, even if the original signal is infinitely long, and thus it appears that such a truncation is performed by a "window" (more precisely, a "box"). Windowing is essentially the process of multiplying a signal (which may be a time domain signal or a frequency domain signal) by a window function, so that the multiplied signal better meets the requirements of signal transformation (e.g., fourier transformation). The time domain shape and frequency domain characteristics of the different window functions are not identical. The main differences in the spectral characteristics of the various window functions are: main lobe width (also referred to as effective noise bandwidth, ENBW), amplitude distortion, highest side lobe height, and side lobe decay rate. The main purpose of windowing is to use a smoother window function to weigh the truncated signal unevenly, so that the abrupt change of the truncated signal becomes smoother, and the sidelobes of the spectral window are suppressed. Because the side lobe leakage is the largest, the side lobe leakage is reduced correspondingly. Different window functions have different spectral characteristics. The main lobe width mainly affects the signal energy distribution and frequency resolution. The actual resolution of the frequency is the effective noise bandwidth multiplied by the frequency resolution, so the wider the main lobe, the wider the effective noise bandwidth, and the worse the resolution of the frequency in the same frequency resolution. The level of side lobes and their decay rate affect the degree of energy leakage (spectral smearing). The higher the side lobe, the more severe the energy leakage, the slower the attenuation, and the more severe the spectral smearing. When the window function is added, the main lobe width of the frequency spectrum of the window function should be made to be as narrow as possible so as to obtain high frequency resolution capability; the sidelobe attenuation should be as large as possible to reduce the spectral tail, but both requirements are generally not met at the same time. The difference between the various window functions is mainly the ratio of the energy concentrated on the main lobe and the energy dispersed on all the side lobes. The choice of window function depends on the target of the analysis and the type of signal being analyzed. In general, the wider the effective noise band, the worse the frequency resolution, the more difficult it is to discriminate between adjacent frequencies having the same amplitude. The increase in selectivity (i.e., the ability to resolve weak components in close frequency proximity to strong components) is related to the decay rate of the side lobes. The effective noise bandwidth is narrow and the attenuation rate of the side lobes is low, so the window function is chosen to be a compromise between the two.
When the window function is used to smooth the first sampled data, the window function corresponding to the waveform type of the input voltage signal can be selected to smooth the first sampled data based on the preset corresponding relation between the waveform type of the input signal and the window function, wherein the corresponding relation between the waveform type of the input signal and the window function is used for indicating the relation between the waveform type of the input signal and the optimal window function, and the window function in the corresponding relation is used to process the sampled data of the input signal of the corresponding type, so that the optimal smoothing effect can be obtained. The window function that is optional for the smoothing process in this embodiment includes the following: blackman window, hanning window, hamming window, flat roof window, kaiss window, triangular window, rectangular window.
For example, considering that in the present embodiment, the data of the sampling start point and the sampling end point have been uniquely determined, there is no error influence, and the window function processes not only the sampling point with an error, but also the sampling start point and the sampling end point without an error, so that the originally correct data of the sampling start point and the sampling end point are wrong, and therefore, after the first sampling data is smoothed by using the window function, correction needs to be performed on the data of the sampling start point and the sampling end point. The specific correction method can comprise the following steps: after the window function is adopted to carry out smoothing processing on the first sampling data to obtain third sampling data, based on the corresponding relation between the type of the window function and the correction function, the corresponding correction function is selected to carry out correction processing on the sampling data of the sampling start point and the sampling end point in the third sampling data to obtain second sampling data. The correspondence between the type of the window function and the correction function in this embodiment may be preset as required.
For example, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of smoothing processing using a window function according to an embodiment of the present application, where in the processing scenario shown in fig. 7, the signal generating device sends a complete ramp voltage signal at a time, the ADC samples before the signal generating device sends the ramp voltage signal, and ends after the signal generating device sends the complete ramp voltage signal, so as to obtain complete sampled data (the sampled data is a continuous linear voltage signal). Because of noise interference, errors exist in the sampled data obtained by sampling the ramp voltage signal, and most of noise needs to be removed by smoothing the sampled data through a window function, so that more accurate sampled data is obtained. After the windowing function is processed, in a sampling period, as the data of the sampling start point and the sampling end point are processed by the window function and errors are introduced, the data of the sampling start point and the sampling end point are corrected by selecting corresponding correction functions according to the type setting of the window function, and the smoothed and corrected sampling data are quantized, so that the decision level of the sampling data can be obviously obtained, and an A/D conversion curve close to a theoretical value is obtained.
According to the embodiment, the instantaneous pulse signal is sent to the ADC, the input voltage signal is sent to the ADC after the preset time is further separated, so that the ADC sequentially samples the instantaneous pulse signal and the input voltage signal to obtain first sampling data, the instantaneous pulse signal is short in duration, the point of the corresponding first sampling data where the amplitude is maximum is unique, the sampling time of the sampling point can uniquely correspond to the sending time of the instantaneous pulse signal, after the data segment corresponding to the instantaneous pulse signal is determined from the first sampling data, the sampling point corresponding to the sampling point with the largest amplitude in the data segment after the preset time is used as the sampling starting point of the input voltage signal, and then the voltage corresponding to each sampling point of the input voltage signal after the sampling starting point can be accurately determined according to the corresponding relation between the voltage and the time in the input voltage signal.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a method for generating an ADC output curve according to an embodiment of the application, where, as shown in fig. 8, the method includes:
For example, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a correspondence between a digital output value k obtained by a 12-bit ADC based on an analog signal shown in fig. 5 and a sampling point n, as shown in fig. 9, after the ADC finishes sampling, sampling data obtained by the ADC is analyzed, a data segment (for example, 0,5, 600,4,0) in which a jump range of the digital output value is larger than a preset threshold value occurs in a short time (the time is smaller than or equal to a preset signal duration), a sampling point with the largest corresponding amplitude in the data segment range is set as a sampling point n0 of an instantaneous pulse signal, according to the ADC principle and in combination with fig. 5, a time point corresponding to the sampling point n0 of the instantaneous pulse signal at this time, that is, a time t0 of sending the instantaneous pulse signal, and a sampling point corresponding to the sampling point n0 after a preset time interval t1-t0 is used as a sampling start point of a ramp voltage signal, and according to the correspondence between voltage and time in the ramp voltage signal, a sampling voltage corresponding to each sampling point after the start point of the ramp voltage signal can be determined.
Of course, fig. 9 is merely an example and is not intended to be the only limitation on the ADC input signal.
According to the characteristic that the duration of the instantaneous pulse signal is short, the energy is concentrated, and the amplitude jump range is large in a short time, the data segment corresponding to the instantaneous pulse signal can be rapidly and accurately determined, and the corresponding relation between the sampling start point and the original analog signal can be accurately and uniquely determined by taking the sampling point corresponding to the point with the largest amplitude in the data segment after the preset time interval as the sampling start point of the slope voltage signal, so that the sampling voltage corresponding to each subsequent sampling point of the slope voltage signal can be accurately obtained according to the sampling start point.
And step 805, performing smoothing processing on the first sampled data by using a window function to obtain second sampled data.
The beneficial effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the embodiment of fig. 4 and will not be described again here.
Fig. 10 is a flowchart of a method for generating an ADC output curve according to an embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 10, where the method includes:
As shown in fig. 5, the duration of the transient pulse signal and the time interval (t 1 minus t 0) between the transient pulse signal and the input voltage signal may be preset, so when the sampled data of the ADC is analyzed, if there is a continuous data segment, the duration of the continuous data segment is less than or equal to the preset signal duration, and the interval between the data segment and the subsequent continuous data segment is greater than or equal to the preset time interval (t 1 minus t 0) between the transient pulse signal and the input voltage signal, the data segment may be determined to be the sampled data of the transient pulse signal, where the time corresponding to the point with the maximum amplitude is the sending time of the transient pulse signal, and the sampled point corresponding to the point after the preset time interval is taken as the sampling start point of the input voltage signal, and the sampled voltage of each subsequent sampled point of the input voltage signal may be determined according to the sampling start point. Of course, this is by way of illustration only and not as a limitation of the present application.
According to the embodiment, the data segment corresponding to the instantaneous pulse signal is determined from the sampling data of the ADC according to the characteristics that the pulse signal duration is short and the pulse signal duration is preset with the input voltage signal, so that the sampling point n0 corresponding to the instantaneous pulse signal sending time t0 can be rapidly and accurately determined according to the data segment, and the sampling point corresponding to the sampling point n0 after the pulse signal duration is preset with the preset time t1-t0 is used as the sampling starting point of the input voltage signal, so that the problem that the corresponding relation between the sampling starting point and the analog signal cannot be accurately determined in the prior art is solved.
The beneficial effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the embodiment of fig. 4 and will not be described again here.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an output curve generating device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 11, a device 110 includes:
the receiving module 111 is configured to receive an analog signal input by the signal generating device, where the analog signal includes an instantaneous pulse signal and an input voltage signal that is transmitted at a preset time interval after the instantaneous pulse signal.
The acquiring module 112 is configured to acquire a correspondence between voltage and time in the input voltage signal, and acquire first sampled data obtained by sampling the analog signal by the ADC.
The first determining module 113 is configured to determine a data segment corresponding to the transient pulse signal from the first sampled data, and use a sampling point corresponding to a sampling point with a maximum amplitude in the data segment after the preset time interval as a sampling start point of the input voltage signal.
A second determining module 114, configured to determine a sampling voltage of each sampling point of the input voltage signal after the sampling start point according to the correspondence.
And the processing module 115 is configured to perform smoothing processing on the first sampled data by using a window function to obtain second sampled data.
And the generating module 116 is configured to generate an output curve based on the second sampling data and the sampling voltages corresponding to the sampling points.
In a possible embodiment, the first determining module includes:
and the first determining submodule is used for determining a data segment with the amplitude jump range larger than a preset threshold value and the signal duration smaller than the preset signal duration in the first sampling data as a data segment corresponding to the instantaneous pulse signal.
In a possible embodiment, the first determining module includes:
and the second determining submodule is used for determining the data segment with the signal duration smaller than or equal to the preset signal duration in the first sampling data and the time interval larger than or equal to the preset time with the next data segment as the data segment corresponding to the instantaneous pulse signal.
By way of example, fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing module 115 provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, in a possible implementation manner, the processing module 115 includes:
the first processing sub-module 1151 is configured to select a window function corresponding to a waveform type of the input voltage signal based on a preset correspondence between the waveform type of the input signal and the window function, and perform smoothing processing on the first sampled data to obtain third sampled data.
And a second processing sub-module 1152, configured to, after determining the selected window function, select a corresponding correction function to correct the sampled data of the sampling start point and the sampling end point in the third sampled data based on a correspondence between the type of the window function and the correction function, so as to obtain the second sampled data.
In one possible implementation, the input voltage signal is a ramp voltage signal.
In a possible embodiment, the transient pulse signal is any one of the following: a transient rising pulse signal and a transient falling pulse signal.
In a possible embodiment, the transient pulse signal is input to the ADC after the end of the previous input voltage signal.
The implementation manner and the beneficial effects of the device provided in this embodiment are similar to those of the foregoing embodiment, and are not repeated here.
The embodiment of the application also provides an analog-to-digital converter, which comprises a processor and a memory; the memory has instructions stored therein which when executed by the processor are configured to perform the method of any of the embodiments described above.
The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of the above embodiments.
The functions described above herein may be performed, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components. For example, without limitation, exemplary types of hardware logic components that may be used include: a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an Application Specific Standard Product (ASSP), a system on a chip (SOC), a load programmable logic device (CPLD), etc.
Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, causes the functions/operations specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. The machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Moreover, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single implementation can also be implemented in multiple implementations separately or in any suitable subcombination.
Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An analog-to-digital converter, characterized in that,
the analog-to-digital converter samples an input analog signal at a constant sampling frequency to obtain first sampling data;
the first sampling data comprises sampling data of an instantaneous pulse signal and sampling data of an input voltage signal;
the input voltage signal is a preset signal;
the instantaneous pulse signal is input after the input voltage signal is ended;
determining the sampling data of the instantaneous pulse signal according to the sampling data of which the amplitude jump range is larger than a preset threshold value and the signal duration is smaller than or equal to the preset signal duration after the first sampling data is recovered to zero from the maximum voltage value;
adding preset time to the sampling time of the sampling point with the maximum corresponding amplitude in the sampling data of the instantaneous pulse signal to be used as the sending time of the input voltage signal;
and taking a sampling point corresponding to the transmission time of the input voltage signal as a sampling starting point of sampling data of the input voltage signal.
2. The analog-to-digital converter of claim 1, wherein the input voltage signal is a ramp voltage signal.
3. The analog-to-digital converter of claim 1, wherein said transient pulse signal is input after the end of a previous said input voltage signal and before a subsequent said input voltage signal.
4. An analog-to-digital converter according to claim 3, wherein the transient pulse signal is a signal that is continuous at predetermined time intervals at predetermined voltage amplitudes.
5. An analog-to-digital converter according to claim 3, wherein the time interval between the instantaneous pulse signal and the subsequent input voltage signal is a preset time interval.
6. An analog-to-digital converter according to any of claims 3 to 5, wherein the transient pulse signal is a transient rising pulse signal.
7. The analog-to-digital converter of claim 1, wherein the first sampled data is smoothed using a window function to obtain second sampled data, the window function being a truncated function.
8. The analog-to-digital converter of claim 7, wherein the first sampled data is smoothed by selecting a corresponding window function based on a waveform type of the input voltage signal, the window function comprising: blackman window, hanning window, hamming window, flat roof window, kaiss window, triangular window, rectangular window.
9. The analog-to-digital converter according to any one of claims 7 to 8, wherein the window function is used to perform smoothing processing on the first sampled data to obtain third sampled data, and a corresponding correction function is selected based on a type of the window function to perform correction processing on sampled data of a sampling start point and a sampling end point of the third sampled data to obtain the second sampled data.
10. The analog-to-digital converter of claim 9, wherein an output curve of the analog-to-digital converter is generated based on the second sampled data and the sampled voltages corresponding to each sampling point.
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