CN116387623A - 非水电解液及含该非水电解液的锂离子电池 - Google Patents
非水电解液及含该非水电解液的锂离子电池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116387623A CN116387623A CN202310515167.0A CN202310515167A CN116387623A CN 116387623 A CN116387623 A CN 116387623A CN 202310515167 A CN202310515167 A CN 202310515167A CN 116387623 A CN116387623 A CN 116387623A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- nonaqueous
- compound
- nonaqueous electrolyte
- lithium ion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 lithium hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N (3S)-3-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[5-[(3aS,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoylamino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-[1-bis(4-chlorophenoxy)phosphorylbutylamino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CCCCC1SC[C@@H]2NC(=O)N[C@H]12)C(C)C)P(=O)(Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1)Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1 QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ACKHWUITNXEGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Al+3].[Co+2].[Ni+2] ACKHWUITNXEGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CXULZQWIHKYPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Co++].[Ni++] CXULZQWIHKYPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N (1s,2s,3s,5r)-1-(carboxymethyl)-3,5-bis[(4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-propylcarbamoyl]cyclopentane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@](CC(O)=O)([C@H](C(=O)N(CCC)CC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)N(CCC)CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-3-(cyclopenten-1-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino]propanoyl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1(=CCCC1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[C@@]1(OC1)C)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)NC([C@H](C)NC(CN1CCOCC1)=O)=O)=O GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WWTBZEKOSBFBEM-SPWPXUSOSA-N (2s)-2-[[2-benzyl-3-[hydroxy-[(1r)-2-phenyl-1-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)ethyl]phosphoryl]propanoyl]amino]-3-(1h-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)O)C(=O)C(CP(O)(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)OCC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WWTBZEKOSBFBEM-SPWPXUSOSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 1-[6-[2-[3-[3-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-[2-[[(2r)-1-[[2-[[(2r)-1-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-(2-amino-2-oxoethoxy)acetyl]amino]propoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propylamino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-[(2r)-2,3-di(hexadecanoyloxy)propyl]sulfanyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl Chemical compound O=C1C(SCCC(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(=O)N[C@@H](CSC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(N)=O)CC(=O)N1CCNC(=O)CCCCCN\1C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2CC/1=C/C=C/C=C/C1=[N+](CC)C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C1 UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ICGSEKREPHTSEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-carbonofluoridoyloxyethyl carbonofluoridate Chemical compound FC(=O)OCCOC(F)=O ICGSEKREPHTSEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZRPFJWDFNLWWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(O)(=O)F.C=CC Chemical compound C(O)(=O)F.C=CC ZRPFJWDFNLWWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OPFJDXRVMFKJJO-ZHHKINOHSA-N N-{[3-(2-benzamido-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}-G-dR-G-dD-dD-dD-NH2 Chemical compound S1C(C=2NN=C(C=2)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(N)=O)=C(C)N=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OPFJDXRVMFKJJO-ZHHKINOHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HRSNTDPZHQCOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl difluoride ethene Chemical compound C=C.C(=O)(F)F HRSNTDPZHQCOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940125797 compound 12 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940126543 compound 14 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940126086 compound 21 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940126208 compound 22 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- ONLLXDPBECIJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-fluorobutanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)CC ONLLXDPBECIJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ODMITNOQNBVSQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-fluoropropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)F ODMITNOQNBVSQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M fluorosulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LXPTXVYIIYSSHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-fluoropropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)F LXPTXVYIIYSSHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUYHXQLLIISBQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexyl-2-fluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 GUYHXQLLIISBQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910012820 LiCoO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于锂离子电池技术领域,尤其涉及一种非水电解液及含该非水电解液的锂离子电池。
背景技术
锂离子电池因具备较高的能量密度和低自放电等特性,得到市场的青睐,其中锂离子二次电池(层状氧化物的为主要正极材料的锂二次电池)以其容量大、充电速度快、循环次数多的优点被广泛使用。近年来的大量研究表明,缩短锂离子二次电池使用寿命的主要原因是电极在电池内高温高压环境下容易与非水电解液发生副反应,副反应消耗了电极材料中的活性物质和电解液中的溶剂成分,同时副反应伴随着的气体产生,最终导致电池体积膨胀,整体电性能的衰减,上述副反应互相交织,互相串扰,极易导致电池性能劣化、日历寿命缩短。目前电解液的角度解决电池面临的问题主要方向是在非水电解液内添加具有稳定作用的功能型添加剂,例如氟苯、环己基苯、环己基氟苯等,以抑制电极与非水电解液反应,但是上述稳定性添加剂的粘度很高,显著降低了电解液的流动性,从而影响了离子在电解液中的传递速率,降低了电池的性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种非水电解液,可提高锂离子电池于高电压体系下的高温存储性能、高温循环性能和低温放电性能。
为了实现以上目的,本发明提供了一种非水电解液,包括锂盐、非水有机溶剂和添加剂,所述添加剂如结构式1和/或结构式2所示的化合物,
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5各自独立地选自碳原子数为1-4的烷基、氢原子,X选自O、S、N、卤素中的一种。
与现有技术相比,本发明的非水电解液,包括锂盐、非水有机溶剂和添加剂,添加剂为结构式1和/或结构式2所示的化合物,该添加剂含有环内双键和相邻的酯基,这种结构物质在高压荷电态下,会优先发生开环反应,形成双键自由基,该自由基容易与相邻的酯基发生聚合反应,形成不同聚合度的“网状”物质,附着在固体电解质界面位置,这种不同聚合物的“网状”结构,能够减缓材料的膨胀带来的电解液的分解和降低过度金属的溶出效应,进而改善非水电解液锂离子电池的高温存储性和高温循环性能。
可以理解的是,R1-R5的碳原子数为1-4的烷基可以为直链、支链或者是环状的烷基,本发明不作限定,作为示例地,具体可以举出甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、新戊基、仲戊基、叔戊基、正己基、2-己基等,但不限于此。
可以理解的是,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5可以相同,也可以不同。优选地,R1、R2、R3、R4选择相同的基团,以便于结构式1或结构式2呈对称结构,提高其稳定性。
可以理解的是,卤素为F、Cl、Br中的一种,但不以此为限。
在有的实施例中,所述结构式1所示的化合物选自化合物11、化合物12、化合物13、化合物14中的至少一种,
在有的实施例中,所述结构式2所示的化合物选自化合物21、化合物22中的至少一种,
在有的实施例中,本发明的添加剂于非水电解液中的质量百分比为0.05~5%,优选为,添加剂于非水电解液中的质量百分比为0.1~4%,更为优选地,添加剂于非水电解液中的质量百分比为0.1~3%,作为示例地,添加剂于非水电解液中的质量百分比可为但不限于为0.1%、0.2%、0.5%、1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%。
在有的实施例中,本发明的锂盐于非水电解液中的质量百分比为5~20%,优选为,锂盐于非水电解液中的质量百分比为8~15%,更为优选地,锂盐于非水电解液中的质量百分比为10~15%,作为示例地,锂盐于非水电解液中的质量百分比可为但不限于为10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%。
在有的实施例中,本发明的锂盐选自六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6)、高氯酸锂、四氟硼酸锂、三氟甲基磺酸锂、双三氟甲基磺酰亚胺锂、双草酸硼酸锂(LiBOB)、二氟磷酸锂、二氟草酸硼酸锂、二氟二草酸磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂中的至少一种。作为示例地,锂盐为六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6)或双草酸硼酸锂(LiBOB),在一个优选的实施例中,锂盐为两种以上化合物的混合物,比如,锂盐为六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6)和双草酸硼酸锂(LiBOB)的混合物,或锂盐为六氟磷酸锂和三氟甲基磺酸锂的混合物,可以获得更佳优异的高温循环性能。
在有的实施例中,本发明的非水有机溶剂为链状碳酸酯、环状碳酸酯、羧酸酯、氟代醚、氟代碳酸酯、氟代羧酸酯、氟代砜类中的至少一种。进一步地,非水有机溶剂选自碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸二甲酯(DMC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)、碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)、碳酸丙烯酯(PC)、乙酸丁酯(n-Ba)、γ-丁内酯(γ-Bt)、丙酸丙酯(n-PP)、丙酸乙酯(EP)、丁酸乙酯(Eb)、氟代碳酸二甲酯、氟代碳酸二乙酯、氟代碳酸乙烯酯、氟代丙酸丙酯、氟代丙酸乙酯、氟代碳酸丙烯酯、1,1,2,2-四氟乙基-2,2,3,3,-四氟丙基醚、氟代丁酸乙酯、氟代磺酸酯、二氟代碳酸二甲酯、二氟代碳酸二乙酯、二氟代碳酸乙烯酯中的至少一种。
在有的实施例中,本发明的非水有机溶剂于非水电解液中的质量百分比为65~90%,优选地,非水有机溶剂于非水电解液中的质量百分比为70~88%,更为优选地,非水有机溶剂于非水电解液中的质量百分比为80~88%。作为示例地,非水有机溶剂于非水电解液中的质量百分比可为但不限于为80%、82%、85%、86%、87%、88%。
对应地,本发明还提供了一种锂离子电池,包括正极材料、负极材料及上述非水电解液,因该锂离子电池含该非水电解液,具有良好的高温存储性能和高温循环性能,及低温放电性能。
在有的实施例中,所述正极材料为钴酸锂、镍钴锰氧化物或镍钴铝氧化物中的至少一种。
其中,镍钴锰氧化物的化学式为LiNixCoyMnzM(1-x-y-z)O2;镍钴铝氧化物的化学式为LiNixCoyAlzN(1-x-y-z)O2,其中M、N各自独立地选自Mg、Cu、Zn、Al、Sn、B、Ga、Cr、Sr、V和Ti中的至少一种,0<x<1,0<y<1,0<z<1,x+y+z≤1;钴酸锂的化学式为LiCoO2。
在有的实施例中,本发明的负极材料选自人造石墨、天然石墨、钛酸锂、硅碳复合材料和氧化亚硅中的至少一种。
具体实施方式
为更好地说明本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果,下面通过具体实施例来进一步说明本发明的目的、技术方案及有益效果,但不构成对本发明的任何限制,实施例中未注明具体条件者,可按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行,所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可通过市售而获得的常规产品。
实施例1
(1)制备非水电解液
在充满氩气的手套箱(O2<1ppm,H2O<1ppm)中,将碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)按照重量比为EC:EMC:DEC=1:1:1进行混合,制得87g非水有机溶剂,接着加入0.5g化合物11作为添加剂,溶解并充分搅拌后加入12.5g六氟磷酸锂,混合均匀后获得非水电解液。
(2)制备正极
将LiCoO2、粘接剂PVDF和导电剂SuperP按质量比95:1:4混合均匀制成一定粘度的锂离子电池正极浆料,将混制的浆料涂布在铝箔的两面后,烘干、辊压后得到正极片。
(3)制备负极
将人造石墨与导电剂SuperP、增稠剂CMC、粘接剂SBR(丁苯橡胶乳液)按质量比95:1.5:1.0:2.5的比例制成浆料,混合均匀,用混制的浆料涂布在铜箔的两面后,烘干、辊压后得到负极片。
(4)制备锂离子电池
将正极、隔膜以及负极以卷绕的方式制成软包电芯,采用聚合物铝塑膜包装,灌装上述制备的锂离子电池非水电解液,经化成、分容等工序后制成容量为4920mAh的锂离子电池。
实施例2~11及对比例1~2的非水电解液配方如表1所示,配制电解液及制备电池的步骤同实施例1。
表1非水电解液的配方
将实施例1~11和对比例1~2制成的锂离子电池分别进行低温放电性能测试、高温存储测试和高温循环测试,具体测试条件如下,性能测试结果如表2所示。
锂离子电池低温放电性能测试
在常温(25℃)条件下,对锂离子电池进行一次0.5C/0.5C充电和放电(放电容量记为C0),上限电压为4.53V,然后在0.5C恒流恒压条件下将电池充电至4.53V,将锂离子电池置于-20℃低温箱中搁置6h,在-20℃下进行0.5C放电(放电容量记为C1),利用下面公式计算锂离子电池的低温放电率:
低温放电率=(C1/C0)*100%
锂离子电池高温存储性能测试
在常温(25℃)条件下,对锂离子电池进行一次0.3C/0.3C充电和放电(电池放电容量记录为C0),上限电压为4.53V;将电池放置于85℃烘箱中搁置12h,取出电池,将电池放置于25℃环境中,进行0.3C放电,放电容量记录为C1;然后对锂离子电池进行一次0.3C/0.3C充电和放电(电池放电容量记录为C2),利用下面公式计算锂离子电池的容量保持率和容量恢复率:
容量保持率=(C1/C0)*100%
容量恢复率=(C2/C0)*100%
锂离子电池高温循环性能测试
将锂离子电池置于45℃恒温箱中,静置30分钟,使锂离子电池温度达到设置温度。以1C恒流充电至电压为4.53V,然后以4.53V恒压充电至电流为0.05C,接着以1C恒流放电至电压为3.0V,记录电池的首圈放电容量为C0。此为一个充放电循环。然后在45℃条件下进行1C/1C充电和放电300周,放电容量记为C1,利用下面公式计算锂离子电池的容量保持率。
容量保持率=(C1/C0)*100%
表2锂离子电池性能测试结果
由表2的结果可知,实施例1到实施例4是X为氧的基础结构物质,表现出良好的高温循环性能,主要归因于氧的供电子特性,形成的“网状”结构具备更强的聚合度和韧性;实施例5到实施例6是X为硫的基础结构物质,表现出良好的低温放电特性,主要归因于硫较好的电子导电性,在低温条件先能够加快电子传输,提升低温性能;实施例7到实施例8是X为含N的基础结构物质,表现出良好的高温存储特性,主要归因于N的电子共价性,体现了其他金属离子的共价键,更好的吸附溶解的钴离子,体现更好的存储性能;其中实施例11含有两种结构物质,同时加入两种官能团,两种物质表现出协同效应,表现出最佳的高低温性能。
实施例5的数据说明,X为含氧的物质结构中含有环内双键和相邻的酯基,这种结构物质在高压荷电态下,会优先发生开环反应,形成双键自由基,该自由基容易与相邻的酯基发生聚合反应,形成不同聚合度的“网状”物质,附着在固体电解质界面位置,这种不同聚合物的“网状”结构,提升了正极材料的韧性,表现出显著的高温存储性能。
最后应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (10)
4.如权利要求1所述的非水电解液,其特征在于,所述添加剂于所述非水电解液中的质量百分比为0.05~5%。
5.如权利要求1所述的非水电解液,其特征在于,所述锂盐于所述非水电解液中的质量百分比为5~20%。
6.如权利要求1所述的非水电解液,其特征在于,所述锂盐选自六氟磷酸锂、高氯酸锂、四氟硼酸锂、三氟甲基磺酸锂、双三氟甲基磺酰亚胺锂、双草酸硼酸锂、二氟磷酸锂、二氟草酸硼酸锂、二氟二草酸磷酸锂和双氟磺酰亚胺锂中的至少一种。
7.如权利要求1所述的非水电解液,其特征在于,所述非水有机溶剂为链状碳酸酯、环状碳酸酯、羧酸酯、氟代醚、氟代碳酸酯、氟代羧酸酯、氟代砜类中的至少一种。
8.如权利要求5所述的非水电解液,其特征在于,所述非水有机溶剂选自碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸甲乙酯、碳酸丙烯酯、乙酸丁酯、γ-丁内酯、丙酸丙酯、丙酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、氟代碳酸二甲酯、氟代碳酸二乙酯、氟代碳酸乙烯酯、氟代丙酸丙酯、氟代丙酸乙酯、氟代碳酸丙烯酯、1,1,2,2-四氟乙基-2,2,3,3,-四氟丙基醚、氟代丁酸乙酯、氟代磺酸酯、二氟代碳酸二甲酯、二氟代碳酸二乙酯、二氟代碳酸乙烯酯中的至少一种。
9.一种锂离子电池,包括正极材料、负极材料,其特征在于,还包括如权利要求1~8任意一项所述的非水电解液。
10.如权利要求9所述的锂离子电池,其特征在于,所述正极材料为钴酸锂、镍钴锰氧化物或镍钴铝氧化物中的至少一种。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310515167.0A CN116387623A (zh) | 2023-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | 非水电解液及含该非水电解液的锂离子电池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310515167.0A CN116387623A (zh) | 2023-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | 非水电解液及含该非水电解液的锂离子电池 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN116387623A true CN116387623A (zh) | 2023-07-04 |
Family
ID=86977039
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310515167.0A Pending CN116387623A (zh) | 2023-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | 非水电解液及含该非水电解液的锂离子电池 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN116387623A (zh) |
-
2023
- 2023-05-09 CN CN202310515167.0A patent/CN116387623A/zh active Pending
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN109950620B (zh) | 一种锂离子电池用非水电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN113851716B (zh) | 非水电解液及其锂离子电池 | |
CN113066975B (zh) | 锂离子电池 | |
CN113363581B (zh) | 非水电解液及其二次电池 | |
CN113764737B (zh) | 添加剂和含有该添加剂的电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN111029655A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液及含有该电解液的锂离子电池 | |
CN113437363A (zh) | 非水电解液及其二次电池 | |
CN114497743B (zh) | 应用于碱金属电池的电解液及其碱金属电池 | |
CN110556578B (zh) | 一种电解液添加剂、含有其的电解液以及该电解液在锂离子电池中的应用 | |
CN114512721A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池非水电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN112510260B (zh) | 电解液添加剂、非水电解液和锂离子电池 | |
CN113745658B (zh) | 一种非水电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN117059894A (zh) | 电解液及碱金属电池 | |
CN114335723B (zh) | 添加剂和含有该添加剂的非水电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN114865081A (zh) | 一种电解液添加剂、电解液和锂离子电池 | |
CN114400375A (zh) | 电解液、电化学装置及电子装置 | |
CN110556579B (zh) | 一种电解液以及含有该电解液的锂离子电池 | |
CN113328144A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液及使用该电解液的锂离子电池 | |
CN116387623A (zh) | 非水电解液及含该非水电解液的锂离子电池 | |
CN114566708B (zh) | 一种锂离子电池非水电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN117497861B (zh) | 锂离子电池电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN113948770B (zh) | 改善电池高温存储特性的电解液以及锂离子电池 | |
CN116470140A (zh) | 非水电解液及含该非水电解液的锂离子电池 | |
CN117832613A (zh) | 非水电解液及其锂离子电池 | |
CN117059896A (zh) | 电解液及其钠离子电池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |