CN116379912A - Beam expanding collimator for cold atom interferometer and using method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a beam expansion collimator for a cold atom interferometer and a use method thereof, wherein the beam expansion collimator comprises the following steps: the device comprises a polarization maintaining optical fiber, a half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder, a lens group, a first 1/2 wave plate, a light splitting reflector and an optical power monitoring module; the polarization maintaining optical fiber outputs divergent linear polarization laser beams, the real-time polarization state switching is carried out through the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder, the parallel beams are formed through beam expansion and collimation of the lens group, the initial polarization axis angle adjustment is carried out through the first 1/2 wave plate, and the light is divided into reflected light and transmitted light through the light dividing reflector; the reflected light enters the vacuum cavity, and the transmitted light enters the optical power monitoring module. The invention can switch the polarization state of the laser beam in real time, monitor the polarization state and the optical power change of the laser beam in real time, and can realize the laser beams with different polarization states required in the atomic interferometry process by applying one beam expansion collimator, thereby greatly reducing the complexity of cold atom trapping and interference optical arrangement and simultaneously effectively reducing the volume and the application cost of the cold atom interferometer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold atoms, in particular to a beam expansion collimator for a cold atom interferometer and a use method thereof.
Background
The cold atomic technology is a technology for realizing research and precise measurement of atomic physical characteristics by controlling atomic quantum state changes, and is applied to a plurality of fields such as quantum communication, atomic clocks, atomic gravimeters, quantum simulation and the like. The cold atom precise measurement process needs circular polarized cooling light to meet the preparation requirement of cold atom groups, and linear polarized Raman light to meet the pulse laser requirement of cold atom interference, and the measurement result is expressed in an atomic quantum state distribution form, and the accuracy of the measurement result is directly related to the collimation characteristic, polarization characteristic and power stability of laser beams.
The laser generated by the laser system for preparing cold atoms is firstly divided into six beams by an optical fiber beam splitter, then six polarization maintaining optical fibers are respectively input into six beam expansion collimators to form parallel beams, and then atoms are cooled, so that the performance of the beam expansion collimators is directly related to the quality of the prepared cold atomic groups.
At present, the beam expanding collimator widely used in the market has the following defects:
1. the polarizer is not arranged in the light path for optimizing the polarization state of the input laser beam, and the polarization state of the output laser beam can be regulated only by the wave plate, so that the polarization of the input laser beam can not be accurately switched and maintained, the polarization state of the output laser beam can be obviously changed along with environmental changes, and ultra-low temperature cold atomic groups with stable atomic numbers are difficult to generate; 2. the traditional beam expansion collimator cannot monitor the polarization state and power change of the output laser beam in real time; 3. the traditional beam expansion collimator can not realize real-time switching of cooling light and Raman light in the same beam expander, so that the problems of complicated cold atom trapping and interference optical arrangement, large volume, high application cost and the like are caused.
In view of this, overcoming the defects in the prior art is a problem to be solved in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention preferably provides a solution to the technical problem that a beam expanding collimator conventionally used in cold atom interferometers cannot accurately switch and maintain the polarization state of an output laser beam.
The invention further provides a solution to the technical problem that the beam expansion collimator used for the cold atom interferometer in the prior art cannot monitor the polarization state and the power change of the output laser beam.
The invention further provides a solution to the technical problem that the traditional beam expansion collimator for the cold atom interferometer cannot realize real-time switching of cooling light and Raman light in the same beam expander.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a beam expanding collimator for a cold atom interferometer, comprising:
the device comprises a polarization maintaining optical fiber 1, a half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2, a lens group 3, a first 1/2 wave plate 4, a light splitting reflector 5 and an optical power monitoring module;
the polarization maintaining optical fiber 1 outputs divergent linear polarization laser beams, the real-time polarization state switching is carried out through the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2, the parallel beams are formed through the beam expansion and collimation of the lens group 3, the initial polarization axis angle adjustment is carried out through the first 1/2 wave plate 4, and the reflected light and the transmitted light are separated through the light splitting reflector 5; the reflected light enters the vacuum cavity, and the transmitted light enters the optical power monitoring module.
Preferably, the optical power monitoring module includes: a first photodetector 6, a second photodetector 7, a polarization splitting prism 8 and a second 1/2 wave plate 9;
the transmitted light is split by the second 1/2 wave plate 9 and the polarization splitting prism 8, and reaches the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7 respectively.
Preferably, the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2 is electrically controlled, and realizes real-time switching of the polarization state of the output laser beam under the control of the applied alternating voltage.
Preferably, the polarization maintaining optical fiber 1 is fixed in the lens barrel through an optical fiber flange, and the optical fiber flange can move back and forth in the lens barrel to adjust the optical interval between the polarization maintaining optical fiber 1 and the lens group 3.
Preferably, the polarization maintaining optical fiber 1 is a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber 1, and the lens group 3 is a double-cemented lens.
Preferably, the ratio of the reflectance to the transmittance of the spectroscope 5 is 99:1.
Preferably, the polarization splitting prism 8 comprises a pair of high-precision right-angle prisms, wherein the hypotenuse of one high-precision right-angle prism is plated with a polarization splitting medium film.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using a beam expansion collimator for a cold atom interferometer, using the beam expansion collimator for a cold atom interferometer of the first aspect, the method comprising:
outputting the divergent linearly polarized laser beam to a half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2 through a polarization maintaining optical fiber 1;
the polarization state of the laser beam is switched in real time through the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2 and then is output to the lens group 3;
the laser beams are expanded and collimated through the lens group 3 to form parallel beams, and then the parallel beams are output to the first 1/2 wave plate 4;
the initial polarization axis angle of the linearly polarized laser beam is adjusted through the first 1/2 wave plate 4 and then is output to the light splitting reflector 5;
dividing the laser beam into reflected light and transmitted light by a light dividing mirror 5;
the reflected light is output to the vacuum cavity for atomic interferometry, and the transmitted light is output to the optical power monitoring module for real-time monitoring of the polarization state and optical power change of the collimated light beam.
Preferably, the optical power monitoring module includes: a first photodetector 6, a second photodetector 7, a polarization splitting prism 8 and a second 1/2 wave plate 9;
the transmitted light is split by the second 1/2 wave plate 9 and the polarization splitting prism 8, and reaches the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7 respectively.
Preferably, the outputting the transmitted light to the optical power monitoring module is used for real-time monitoring of the polarization state and the optical power change of the collimated light beam, and includes:
the output collimated light beam is judged to be circularly polarized light or linearly polarized light by the change of the ratio of the light powers obtained by the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7;
whether the output collimated light beam optical power changes or not is judged by the change of the sum of the optical powers obtained by the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7.
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the polarization state of the laser beam injected through the polarization maintaining fiber can be switched in real time through the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder, and the circularly polarized light required by trapping the cold atomic groups and the linearly polarized light required by interference of the cold atomic groups are realized in an electric control mode in the switching process, so that the switching efficiency can be greatly accelerated.
Furthermore, the invention can monitor the polarization state and the optical power change of the direct light beam in real time by the optical signal intensity obtained by the arranged photoelectric detector, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the optical power of the laser beam.
Furthermore, the invention realizes the real-time switching of the polarization state of the laser beam and the real-time monitoring of the change of the optical power, and simultaneously realizes that the cooling light and the Raman light share the same beam expansion collimator for output.
In general, the invention can switch the polarization state of the laser beam in real time, monitor the polarization state and the optical power change of the laser beam in real time, and compared with the traditional cold atom interferometer which needs the configuration of a plurality of beam expansion collimators, the invention can realize the laser beams with different polarization states which are needed in the atomic interferometry process by only applying one beam expansion collimator, thereby greatly reducing the complexity of cold atom trapping and interference optical arrangement and simultaneously effectively reducing the volume and the application cost of the cold atom interferometer.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overall beam expanding collimator for a cold atom interferometer provided in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a beam expanding collimator for a cold atom interferometer provided in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a method of using a beam expanding collimator for a cold atom interferometer provided in example 2;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a method of using a beam expanding collimator for a cold atom interferometer provided in example 2.
In the drawings, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts or structures, wherein:
the device comprises a 1-polarization maintaining optical fiber, a 2-half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder, a 3-lens group, a 4-first 1/2 wave plate, a 5-light splitting reflector, a 6-first photoelectric detector, a 7-second photoelectric detector, an 8-polarization light splitting prism and a 9-second 1/2 wave plate; a1-reflected light, A2-transmitted light.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "inner", "outer", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Example 1:
in order to solve the technical problem that the conventional beam expansion collimator for cold atom interferometers cannot accurately switch and maintain the polarization state of the output laser beam, embodiment 1 provides a beam expansion collimator for cold atom interferometers, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the device comprises a polarization maintaining optical fiber 1, a half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2, a lens group 3, a first 1/2 wave plate 4, a light splitting reflector 5 and an optical power monitoring module; on the light path transmission, a polarization-preserving optical fiber 1 outputs divergent linear polarized laser beams, the linear polarized laser beams are subjected to real-time polarization state switching through a half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2, the parallel beams are formed through beam expansion and collimation of a lens group 3, the initial polarization axis angle adjustment is performed through a first 1/2 wave plate 4, and the parallel beams are separated into reflected light (corresponding to A1 in fig. 1) and transmitted light (corresponding to A2 in fig. 1) through a light-splitting reflector 5; wherein, the reflected light enters the vacuum cavity, and the transmitted light enters the optical power monitoring module; in specific application, the output linear polarization laser beam adopts 780nm collimation laser beam, and corresponds to the atomic transition energy level of rubidium (Rb).
In this embodiment, the polarization maintaining fiber 1 may be a single-mode polarization maintaining fiber or a multimode polarization maintaining fiber, in order to reduce chromatic dispersion in the laser beam transmission process and realize long-distance transmission of the laser beam, in practical application, it is preferable that the polarization maintaining fiber 1 is a single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 1; the polarization maintaining optical fiber 1 is fixed in the lens barrel through an optical fiber flange, the optical fiber flange can move back and forth in the lens barrel and is used for adjusting the optical interval between the polarization maintaining optical fiber 1 and the lens group 3, when the polarization maintaining optical fiber is specifically arranged, the optical fiber flange can also adjust the inclination angle in a certain range, and finally the divergence angle of a laser beam output by the polarization maintaining optical fiber 1 can be made to be as small as possible through adjustment, so that the laser beam collimation characteristic is realized as good as possible; in specific application, the polarization-maintaining optical fiber 1 outputs 780nm laser beam, and the mode field diameter is 5.0+/-1.0 um.
As one of the implementation modes, the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2 is designed to be electrically controlled, and under the control of the applied ac voltage, the polarization state of the output laser beam is switched in real time, that is, the laser beam is switched into the linear polarization state or the circular polarization state in real time in an electrically controlled mode, and the working principle is as follows: the nematic liquid crystal box filled with liquid crystal molecule solution is used as a variable wave plate, two parallel surfaces of the wall of the liquid crystal box are plated with transparent conductive films, voltage can be applied to the liquid crystal box, after alternating voltage is applied, liquid crystal molecules can change the default arrangement direction according to the applied voltage, and as no moving part exists, microsecond-level quick response time can be realized, so that the delay of the liquid crystal variable delay can be actively controlled by changing the applied voltage, and further the polarization state switching of a laser beam can be realized; in specific application, the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2 has a clear aperture of
The wavelength lambda is in the range 650-1050nm and the retardation is in the range 0nm to lambda/2.
In the present embodiment, in order to avoid that it is difficult to correct the aberration that is not determined by the half wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2 due to the complex stray light group, it is preferable that the lens group 3 is a double cemented lens obtained by cementing two lenses together, so that the lens group 3 has advantages of short focal length, large magnification, and the like; in the correction process, the uncertain aberration of the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2 can be compensated by adjusting the distance between the optical fiber flange and the lens group 3; in specific application, the diameter of the lens 3 is 38mm, the light transmission caliber is larger than 200mm, the effective focal length is 160mm, and the diameter of the laser beam which passes through the lens group 3 and is subjected to beam expansion collimation is 34mm.
In this embodiment, the first 1/2 wave plate 4 and the second 1/2 wave plate 9 are made of quartz crystal substrates, and the crystal thickness is adopted to enable the optical path difference of o light and e light to be lambda/2, when the first 1/2 wave plate 4 or the second 1/2 wave plate 9 rotates by an angle theta, the linearly polarized light still passes through the first 1/2 wave plate 4 or the second 1/2 wave plate 9 and then is linearly polarized light, but the vibration direction is rotated by an angle 2 theta with the original direction, and the circularly polarized light still passes through the first 1/2 wave plate 4 or the second 1/2 wave plate 9 and then is circularly polarized, but the vibration direction is opposite to the original direction, so that the vibration direction of the linearly polarized light can be changed by rotating the first 1/2 wave plate 4 or the second 1/2 wave plate 9, and the vibration direction of the laser beam incident on the light splitting mirror 5 is parallel or perpendicular to the cross section of the light splitting mirror 5, and the degree of depolarization caused by reflection and transmission can be reduced to a certain extent.
In the embodiment, the light-splitting reflector 5 is made of a fused quartz substrate, and is in a rectangular planar spectroscope shape, and when the light-splitting reflector is specifically applied, a 780nm polarization-maintaining beam-splitting film is plated on the light-splitting surface of the light-splitting reflector 5, and meanwhile, a 780nm antireflection film is plated on the second surface; in order to output as much laser light as possible to the vacuum chamber for measurement of atomic interferometry, it is preferable that the ratio of the reflectance to the transmittance of the spectroscope 5 is 99:1, that is, the reflectance of the spectroscope 5 is 99%, and the transmittance is 1%, that is: the laser beam has 99% of its optical power as reflected light A1 and 1% of its optical power as transmitted light A2, wherein the reflected light A1 and the transmitted light A2 are at 90 degrees.
In this embodiment, the polarization beam splitter prism 8 includes a pair of high-precision right angle prisms, in order to increase the reflectivity of the polarization beam splitter prism 8, the hypotenuse of one of the high-precision right angle prisms is coated with a polarization beam splitter dielectric film, so as to achieve high reflectivity in a specific wavelength range; in a specific application, the side length of the high-precision right-angle prism adopted by the polarization beam splitter prism 8 is 1 inch, and the polarization beam splitter prism 8 is formed by gluing similarly.
In order to solve the technical problem that the beam expansion collimator used in the cold atom interferometer can not monitor the polarization state and the power variation of the output laser beam, as shown in fig. 2, the optical power monitoring module comprises: a first photodetector 6, a second photodetector 7, a polarization splitting prism 8 and a second 1/2 wave plate 9; the first photoelectric detector 6 and the second photoelectric detector 7 can convert optical signals into electric signals, a light splitting device is formed by the polarization beam splitting prism 8 and the second 1/2 wave plate 9, transmitted light is split by the second 1/2 wave plate 9 and the polarization beam splitting prism 8, and reaches the first photoelectric detector 6 and the second photoelectric detector 7 respectively, and the polarization state and the optical power change of collimated light beams are monitored in real time through the first photoelectric detector 6 and the second photoelectric detector 7; in specific application, the first photoelectric detector 6 and the second photoelectric detector 7 are visible light photoelectric detectors doped with silicon (Si) materials, so that 780nm fluorescent detection requirements are met.
The embodiment 1 provides a beam expansion collimator for a cold atom interferometer, which realizes the real-time switching of the polarization state and the real-time monitoring of the optical power change of a laser beam, simultaneously realizes the integration of the on-line switching and monitoring of the laser beam, improves the operation efficiency, also realizes the real-time switching of the circularly polarized light required by the trapping of a cold atom group and the linearly polarized light required by the interference of the cold atom in the same beam expansion collimator, reduces the complexity of the trapping of the cold atom and the interference optics arrangement, and reduces the volume and the application cost of the cold atom interferometer.
Example 2:
based on the same general technical concept as embodiment 1, this embodiment 2 provides a method for using a beam expansion collimator for a cold atom interferometer, where the beam expansion collimator for a cold atom interferometer described in embodiment 1 is used, as shown in fig. 3, and the method includes:
s10, the divergent linearly polarized laser beam is output to the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2 through the polarization maintaining fiber 1.
In the practical application process, the polarization-maintaining fiber 1 is preferably a single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber.
S20, the polarization state of the laser beam is switched in real time through the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2 and then is output to the lens group 3.
In practical applications, the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder 2 is preferably electrically controlled.
S30, the laser beams are expanded and collimated through the lens group 3 to form parallel beams, and then the parallel beams are output to the first 1/2 wave plate 4.
In practical applications, the lens group 3 is preferably a cemented doublet.
S40, the initial polarization axis angle of the linearly polarized laser beam is adjusted through the first 1/2 wave plate 4 and then is output to the light splitting mirror 5.
S50, the laser beam is split into reflected light and transmitted light by the spectroscope 5.
In practical application, the ratio of the light reflectance to the light transmittance of the light splitting mirror 5 is preferably 99:1.
S60, outputting the reflected light to a vacuum cavity for measuring atomic interference, and outputting the transmitted light to an optical power monitoring module for monitoring the polarization state and the optical power change of the collimated light beam in real time.
Wherein, the optical power monitoring module includes: a first photodetector 6, a second photodetector 7, a polarization splitting prism 8 and a second 1/2 wave plate 9; the transmitted light is split by the second 1/2 wave plate 9 and the polarization splitting prism 8, and reaches the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7 respectively.
In the practical application process, the polarization beam splitter prism 8 is formed by gluing a pair of high-precision right angle prisms, wherein the hypotenuse of one high-precision right angle prism is plated with a polarization beam splitter medium film.
Because the polarization states of the laser beams are different, the optical powers reaching the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7 respectively are different, and in a specific implementation process, the output of the transmitted light to the optical power monitoring module is used for real-time monitoring of the polarization states and the optical power changes of the collimated light beams, as shown in fig. 4, including:
s61, it is judged that the output collimated light beam is circularly polarized light or linearly polarized light by a change in the ratio of the light powers obtained by the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7.
When the laser beam is linearly polarized, the laser beam rotates the second 1/2 wave plate 9 to make the vibration direction parallel to the cross section of the polarization beam splitter prism 8, so that the light power W of the transmitted light A2 can completely transmit the polarization beam splitter prism 8, at this time, the light power W1=0 received by the first photodetector 6 and the light power W2=W received by the second photodetector 7; through the automatically controlled switching of half-wave liquid crystal variable delay ware 2, when the laser beam is circular polarized light, the laser beam is evenly distributed and is divided into first photodetector 6 and second photodetector 7 after polarization beam splitter prism 8, and at this moment, the light power W1=W/2 that receives on the first photodetector 6, and the light power W2=W/2 that receives on the second photodetector 7 is:
when W1: w2=0: 1, the output collimated light beam is linearly polarized light;
when W1: w2=1: 1, the output collimated beam is circularly polarized light.
S62, it is determined whether the output collimated light beam optical power has changed by a change in the sum of the optical powers obtained by the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7.
In S61, the change of the optical power of the laser beam output by the beam expansion collimator can be monitored by monitoring the change of the sum of w1+w2.
In summary, the invention provides a beam expansion collimator for a cold atom interferometer and a use method thereof, which can switch the polarization state of a laser beam in real time and monitor the polarization state and the optical power change of the laser beam in real time.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A beam expanding collimator for a cold atom interferometer, comprising:
the device comprises a polarization maintaining optical fiber (1), a half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder (2), a lens group (3), a first 1/2 wave plate (4), a light splitting reflector (5) and an optical power monitoring module;
the polarization maintaining optical fiber (1) outputs divergent linear polarization laser beams, the real-time polarization state switching is carried out through the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder (2), the parallel beams are formed through the beam expansion and collimation of the lens group (3), the initial polarization axis angle adjustment is carried out through the first 1/2 wave plate (4), and the reflected light and the transmitted light are separated through the light splitting reflector (5); the reflected light enters the vacuum cavity, and the transmitted light enters the optical power monitoring module.
2. The expanded beam collimator for a cold atom interferometer of claim 1, wherein the optical power monitoring module comprises: the device comprises a first photoelectric detector (6), a second photoelectric detector (7), a polarization beam splitter prism (8) and a second 1/2 wave plate (9);
the transmitted light is split by a second 1/2 wave plate (9) and a polarization beam splitter prism (8) and reaches the first photoelectric detector (6) and the second photoelectric detector (7) respectively.
3. The beam expanding collimator for cold atom interferometers according to claim 1, characterized in that the half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder (2) is electrically controlled, realizing a real-time switching of the polarization state of the output laser beam under the control of the applied alternating voltage.
4. The beam expanding collimator for cold atom interferometers according to claim 1, characterized in that the polarization maintaining fiber (1) is fixed in the barrel via a fiber flange, which is movable back and forth in the barrel for adjusting the optical spacing between the polarization maintaining fiber (1) and the lens group (3).
5. The beam expanding collimator for cold atom interferometers according to claim 4, wherein the polarization maintaining fiber (1) is a single mode polarization maintaining fiber (1) and the lens group (3) is a double cemented lens.
6. The expanded beam collimator for cold atom interferometers according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the reflectivity to the transmissivity of the light splitting mirror (5) is 99:1.
7. A beam expanding collimator for cold atom interferometers according to claim 2, characterized in that the polarizing beam splitting prism (8) comprises a pair of high precision right angle prisms, wherein the hypotenuse of one of the high precision right angle prisms is coated with a polarizing beam splitting dielectric film.
8. A method of using the beam expanding collimator for a cold atom interferometer, the method comprising:
outputting the divergent linear polarization laser beam to a half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder (2) through a polarization maintaining fiber (1);
the polarization state of the laser beam is switched in real time through a half-wave liquid crystal variable retarder (2) and then is output to a lens group (3);
the laser beams are expanded and collimated through the lens group (3) to form parallel beams, and then the parallel beams are output to the first 1/2 wave plate (4);
the initial polarization axis angle of the linear polarization laser beam is adjusted through a first 1/2 wave plate (4) and then is output to a light splitting reflector (5);
dividing the laser beam into reflected light and transmitted light by a light dividing mirror (5);
the reflected light is output to the vacuum cavity for atomic interferometry, and the transmitted light is output to the optical power monitoring module for real-time monitoring of the polarization state and optical power change of the collimated light beam.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the optical power monitoring module comprises: the device comprises a first photoelectric detector (6), a second photoelectric detector (7), a polarization beam splitter prism (8) and a second 1/2 wave plate (9);
the transmitted light is split by a second 1/2 wave plate (9) and a polarization beam splitter prism (8) and reaches the first photoelectric detector (6) and the second photoelectric detector (7) respectively.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein outputting the transmitted light to the optical power monitoring module for real-time monitoring of the polarization state and the optical power variation of the collimated beam comprises:
judging whether the output collimated light beam is circularly polarized light or linearly polarized light through the change of the ratio of the light power acquired by the first photodetector (6) and the second photodetector (7);
and judging whether the output collimated light beam optical power changes or not through the change of the sum of the optical powers acquired by the first photodetector (6) and the second photodetector (7).
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