CN116378752A - Automatic water draining and pressure reducing device and method for karst tunnel large karst cave under heavy rainfall condition - Google Patents
Automatic water draining and pressure reducing device and method for karst tunnel large karst cave under heavy rainfall condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN116378752A CN116378752A CN202310339710.6A CN202310339710A CN116378752A CN 116378752 A CN116378752 A CN 116378752A CN 202310339710 A CN202310339710 A CN 202310339710A CN 116378752 A CN116378752 A CN 116378752A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic water draining and pressure reducing device and method for a karst tunnel large karst cave under a heavy rainfall condition, wherein the device comprises a filtering mechanism, the top end of the filtering mechanism stretches into the karst cave, the bottom end of the filtering mechanism is communicated with a cylindrical mechanism, one end of the cylindrical mechanism, which is far away from the filtering mechanism, is fixedly connected with the top end of the tunnel mechanism, the high end of the cylindrical mechanism is communicated with an inlet of a thin drain pipe, an outlet of the thin drain pipe is communicated with the tunnel mechanism, the low end of the cylindrical mechanism is communicated with a thick drain mechanism, and the other end of the thick drain mechanism is communicated with the tunnel mechanism. On the one hand, the invention does not damage the hydrogeological environment of the tunnel, protects the balance of underground water, can realize the graded automatic discharge of the underground water of the karst cave, reduces the external water pressure of the tunnel structure, further protects the performance of the tunnel structure, and avoids the structural damage caused by unreasonable stress of the tunnel structure due to overlarge water pressure. On the other hand, the structural integrity of the secondary lining of the tunnel is not damaged, and further the structural performance reduction caused by local stress concentration is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnels and underground engineering, and particularly relates to an automatic water draining and pressure reducing device and method for a karst tunnel large karst cave under a heavy rainfall condition.
Background
With the implementation of the strategy of the traffic country, the center of gravity of tunnel construction in China is gradually shifted to the western and southwest regions. Aiming at karst landforms in cloud, noble, hunan and other areas, a large number of poor water-rich karst geological conditions, such as karst cave, hidden river, fault fracture zone and the like, are inevitably encountered in the tunnel construction process. When encountering or approaching a large karst cave in the tunnel construction process, the water level in the large karst cave rises sharply in the heavy rainfall period of the tunnel address area, so that the external water pressure of the tunnel is increased rapidly, and great potential safety hazards are brought to the tunnel construction and the later operation, and how to ensure the safety of the tunnel construction and the later operation is a great problem to be solved urgently.
The Chinese patent with publication number of CN106761919A discloses an automatic pressure regulating and water discharging control device for a high-pressure water-rich area tunnel, which is arranged at the bottoms of cable grooves at two sides of an operation tunnel in a limited discharge area of the side wall foot of the high-pressure water-rich area tunnel, a water flow inlet of the device is connected with a lining back underground water seepage pipeline, and a water outlet of the device is connected with a tunnel transverse drain pipe; the Chinese patent with publication number of CN208431437U discloses an automatic water pressure unloading device for reducing the operation risk of a karst tunnel, wherein a pressure release valve is arranged on a tunnel lining, and comprises a pressure release valve main body, a pressure release valve plug and a safety diaphragm; the pressure release valve body penetrates through the lining, a pressure release valve plug is arranged in the pressure release valve body, and the pressure release valve plug is in close contact with the pressure release valve body; a safety diaphragm is fixed in the through space of the pressure relief valve plug; the utility model discloses a device that can realize automatic draining and depressurization after lining water pressure reaches lining structure allowable water pressure in the paper safety precaution system construction and countermeasure of seasonal karst tunnel structure (published in 56 roll journal 2 in impurity 2019 of modern tunneling technique), and then avoided lining structure to bear too big water pressure in the short time and take place the structure unstability phenomenon of damaging under the rainfall condition, finally guaranteed karst tunnel structure's safety.
However, the patent or paper results on the one hand destroy the integrity of the secondary lining structure of the tunnel, so that the secondary lining structure of the tunnel has local stress concentration phenomenon, and further the stability and safety of the secondary lining structure of the tunnel are further reduced; on the other hand, the rainfall characteristic of the heavy rainfall period is ignored, namely the water quantity and the water pressure are rapidly increased in a short time, and a large amount of rainfall generated in the heavy rainfall period is difficult to be timely discharged by a conventional drainage pipeline in a short time. Meanwhile, the water quantity and the water pressure are increased, and the stress concentration phenomenon is further possibly increased, so that the opening part of the tunnel structure becomes an accident induction point, and finally the tunnel gushing water accident is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an automatic water draining and pressure reducing device and method for a karst tunnel large karst cave under a strong rainfall condition.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an automatic water draining and pressure reducing device for a karst tunnel under a heavy rainfall condition, which comprises a filtering mechanism, wherein the top end of the filtering mechanism stretches into the karst tunnel, the bottom end of the filtering mechanism is communicated with a cylindrical mechanism, one end of the cylindrical mechanism, which is far away from the filtering mechanism, is fixedly connected with the top end of the tunnel mechanism, the high end of the cylindrical mechanism is communicated with an inlet of a thin drain pipe, the outlet of the thin drain pipe is communicated with the tunnel mechanism, the low end of the cylindrical mechanism is communicated with a coarse drain mechanism, and the other end of the coarse drain mechanism is communicated with the tunnel mechanism.
Preferably, the tunnel mechanism comprises a tunnel, a tunnel secondary lining structure is arranged above the tunnel, a tunnel primary support structure is arranged on the tunnel secondary lining structure, a drainage blind pipe is arranged between the tunnel primary support structure and the tunnel secondary lining structure, the drainage blind pipe is communicated with an outlet of the fine drainage pipe, and a bottom surrounding rock of the tunnel is communicated with the coarse drainage mechanism.
Preferably, the filtering mechanism comprises a primary filter screen, a secondary filter screen and a tertiary filter screen which are communicated with the tubular mechanism in sequence, wherein the aperture of the primary filter screen, the secondary filter screen and the aperture of the tertiary filter screen are increased in sequence, and the primary filter screen, the secondary filter screen and the tertiary filter screen extend into the karst cave.
Preferably, the tubular mechanism comprises a base fixedly connected to the top end of the primary support structure, a cylinder is fixedly connected to the base, the top end of the cylinder is communicated with the primary filter screen, a spring sealing assembly is connected in a sliding manner in the cylinder, one end of the spring sealing assembly is fixedly connected with one end of the cylinder, which is close to the base, of the cylinder, the high end of the cylinder is communicated with the thin drain pipe, and the low end of the cylinder is communicated with the thick drain mechanism.
Preferably, the spring sealing assembly comprises a spring, an anti-slip rubber layer is laid on the spring, the anti-slip rubber layer is located between the cylinder and the spring, the spring is in sliding connection with the side wall of the cylinder, and the spring is fixedly connected with one end, close to the base, of the cylinder.
Preferably, the rough drainage mechanism comprises a rough drainage pipe communicated with the lower end of the cylinder, one end of the rough drainage pipe, which is far away from the cylinder, is provided with a blocking filter screen, and the blocking filter screen is communicated with surrounding rocks at the bottom of the tunnel.
The application method of the karst tunnel large karst cave automatic water drainage and pressure reduction device under the condition of heavy rainfall comprises the following steps:
step one: the geology of the karst cave is surveyed, and a sectional view of the karst cave and the tunnel is drawn;
step two: excavating a tunnel and exposing a karst cave;
step three: pumping and draining underground water, cleaning fillers and locally reinforcing surrounding rocks;
step four: setting a filtering mechanism;
step five: setting a cylindrical mechanism;
step six: a drain pipe on the cylindrical mechanism is arranged;
step seven: a blocking filter screen on the tunnel arch bottom thick drain pipe is arranged;
step eight: a fixed cylindrical mechanism;
step nine: a spring closing component is arranged;
step ten: setting a base;
step eleven: and (5) constructing a tunnel mechanism.
Preferably, in the third step, after the tunnel is communicated with the karst cave, the underground water in the karst cave is pumped and discharged, the filler is cleaned, and meanwhile, surrounding rocks at the communication position of the tunnel and the karst cave are locally reinforced, and an anchor rod or anchor rope supporting mode is adopted for reinforcing measures.
Preferably, in the eighth step, the cylindrical mechanism is fixed in position, and then a gap between the cylindrical mechanism and the surrounding rock is filled, and cement grouting and chemical foam grouting are adopted for the filling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
the underground water in the karst cave enters the cylindrical structure through the filter mechanism, the water quantity is increased, and when the water pressure is increased, the underground water can be automatically discharged into the tunnel mechanism from the thin drain pipe when the underground water is compressed to the thin drain pipe; when the water quantity and the water pressure of the underground water continuously increase until the underground water is compressed to the coarse drainage mechanism, the underground water can be automatically discharged from the coarse drainage mechanism to the tunnel mechanism.
On the one hand, the invention does not damage the hydrogeological environment around the tunnel, furthest protects the balance of underground water, simultaneously can realize the graded automatic discharge of underground water in the karst cave under the condition of heavy rainfall, furthest reduces the external water pressure of the tunnel structure, further protects the performance of the tunnel structure, and avoids the structural damage caused by unreasonable stress of the tunnel structure due to the overlarge water pressure. On the other hand, the structural integrity of the secondary lining of the tunnel is not damaged, and further the structural performance reduction caused by the phenomenon of local stress concentration is avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application, illustrate and explain the application and are not to be construed as limiting the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method of practicing the present invention;
in the figure: 1. karst cave; 2. a tunnel 3, a thin drain pipe; 4. a first-stage filter screen; 5. a secondary filter screen; 6. a third-stage filter screen; 7. a base; 8. a cylinder; 9. a spring; 10. an anti-slip rubber layer; 11. a thick drain pipe; 12. blocking the filter screen; 13. a secondary lining structure of the tunnel; 14. a drainage blind pipe; 15. and a tunnel primary support structure.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to figures 1-3, the invention provides an automatic water draining and pressure reducing device for a karst tunnel under a heavy rainfall condition, which comprises a filtering mechanism, wherein the top end of the filtering mechanism extends into the karst tunnel 1, the bottom end of the filtering mechanism is communicated with a cylindrical mechanism, one end of the cylindrical mechanism, which is far away from the filtering mechanism, is fixedly connected with the top end of the tunnel mechanism, the high end of the cylindrical mechanism is communicated with an inlet of a thin drain pipe 3, an outlet of the thin drain pipe 3 is communicated with the tunnel mechanism, the lower end of the cylindrical mechanism is communicated with a coarse drain mechanism, and the other end of the coarse drain mechanism is communicated with the tunnel mechanism.
The underground water in the karst cave 1 enters a cylindrical structure through a filtering mechanism, the water quantity is increased, and when the water pressure is increased, the underground water can be automatically discharged to the top of a tunnel mechanism from the thin drain pipe 3 when the underground water is compressed to the thin drain pipe 3; when the water quantity and the water pressure of the underground water continuously increase until the underground water is compressed to the coarse drainage mechanism, the underground water can be automatically discharged from the coarse drainage mechanism to the tunnel mechanism.
Further optimizing scheme, tunnel mechanism includes tunnel 2, and tunnel 2's top is provided with tunnel secondary lining structure 13, is provided with tunnel primary support structure 15 on the tunnel secondary lining structure 13, is provided with drainage blind pipe 14 between tunnel primary support structure 15 and the tunnel secondary lining structure 13, and drainage blind pipe 14 and the export intercommunication of thin drain pipe 3, tunnel 2's bottom surrounding rock with thick drainage mechanism intercommunication.
The thin drain pipe 3 is directly communicated with the drain blind pipe 14, so that the secondary lining structure 13 of the tunnel is prevented from being damaged, and structural damage caused by unreasonable stress of the tunnel 2 due to overlarge water pressure is avoided; the underground water runoff position of the surrounding rock at the bottom of the tunnel 2 is communicated with the coarse drainage mechanism.
Further optimizing scheme, filtering mechanism include with the one-level filter screen 4, second grade filter screen 5 and tertiary filter screen 6 with tube-shape mechanism intercommunication in proper order, the aperture of one-level filter screen 4, second grade filter screen 5 and tertiary filter screen 6 increases in proper order, and one-level filter screen 4, second grade filter screen 5 and tertiary filter screen 6 stretch into karst cave 1.
The primary filter screen 4, the secondary filter screen 5 and the tertiary filter screen 6 are mutually overlapped, the aperture of the tertiary filter screen 6 is maximum, the secondary filter screen 5 times, and the primary filter screen 4 is minimum. The first-stage filter screen 4 is placed at the lowest, the second-stage filter screen 5 is centered, and the third-stage filter screen 6 is placed at the uppermost.
Further optimizing scheme, tubular mechanism includes the base 7 of rigid coupling at primary support structure 15 top, and the rigid coupling has drum 8 on the base 7, and the top of drum 8 communicates one-level filter screen 4, and sliding connection has the spring to seal the subassembly in drum 8, and the one end that spring seals the subassembly is close to the one end rigid coupling of base 7 with drum 8, and the high end intercommunication of drum 8 has the thin drain pipe 3, and the low end intercommunication of drum 8 has thick drainage mechanism.
When the water quantity in the large karst cave 1 is increased and the water pressure is increased, the spring sealing assembly is compressed, and when the spring sealing assembly is compressed to the thin drain pipe 3, the underground water is automatically discharged from the thin drain pipe 3 into the drain blind pipe 14; when the water volume and water pressure of the groundwater continuously increase, the spring closing assembly is continuously compressed until the groundwater is compressed to the coarse draining mechanism, and the groundwater is automatically discharged from the coarse draining mechanism to the groundwater runoff of the bottom surrounding rock of the tunnel 2. The spring closing assembly is used for bearing the impact force of the underground water, and the underground water flows into the cylinder 8 to release a certain amount of water. The main purpose of the base 7 is to support the automatic water draining and pressure reducing device, and prevent the dead weight of the automatic water draining and pressure reducing device from being directly applied to the secondary lining structure of the tunnel, so that the external stress of the tunnel 2 is increased.
Further optimizing scheme, the spring seal assembly includes spring 9, has laid anti-skidding rubber layer 10 on the spring 9, and anti-skidding rubber layer 10 is located between drum 8 and the spring 9, and spring 9 and the lateral wall sliding connection of drum 8, the one end rigid coupling that is close to base 7 of spring 9 and drum 8. A layer of anti-slip rubber layer 10 is arranged outside the spring 9, and then the spring 9 with the anti-slip rubber layer 10 is installed inside the cylinder 8, and the anti-slip rubber layer 10 is mainly used for preventing underground water inside the karst cave 1 from flowing to the bottom of the cylinder 8.
Further optimizing scheme, the thick drainage mechanism includes the thick drain pipe 11 with the low end intercommunication of drum 8, and the one end that thick drain pipe 11 kept away from drum 8 is provided with the blocking filter screen 12, blocks filter screen 12 and tunnel 2 bottom country rock intercommunication. The blocking filter screen 12 is a double-layer filter screen, so as to prevent sludge, broken stone and the like from entering the rough drain pipe 11, further to block the rough drain pipe 11, and the underground water runoff position of the surrounding rock at the bottom of the tunnel 2 is communicated with the rough drain pipe 11.
Furthermore, on one hand, a thin drain pipe 3 connected with a tunnel drain pipe or a blind pipe is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder 8, and the thin drain pipe 3 needs to be inclined downwards by 5 degrees, so that the underground water is ensured to flow into the drain pipe or the blind pipe of the tunnel 2; on the other hand, a thick drain pipe 11 communicated with the arch bottom of the tunnel 2 is arranged, and the thick drain pipe 11 needs to be inclined downwards by 10 degrees.
The application method of the karst tunnel large karst cave automatic water drainage and pressure reduction device under the condition of heavy rainfall comprises the following steps:
step one: the geology of the karst cave 1 is surveyed, and a sectional view of the karst cave 1 and the tunnel 2 is drawn;
the scale, shape, elevation, filler type and form, surrounding rock grade and the like of the large karst cave 1 are obtained mainly by adopting technical means such as advanced geological drilling, geological radar, drilling shooting, microseismic detection and the like, so that a typical section view between the large karst cave 1 and a tunnel 2 is drawn.
Step two: excavating a tunnel 2 and exposing a karst cave 1;
the tunnel 2 is excavated the period and selects in non-rainy season and non-precipitation period, and then avoids solution cavity 1 inside water level too high. The tunnel 2 excavation method can adopt a step method, a CD method, a full-section method and the like, and when approaching the large karst cave 1, the large karst cave 1 is actively disclosed, the tunnel 2 and the large karst cave 1 are communicated, and the later stage of groundwater pumping and discharging, filler cleaning and equipment installation are facilitated.
Step three: pumping and draining underground water, cleaning fillers and locally reinforcing surrounding rocks;
step four: setting a filtering mechanism;
a first-stage filter screen 4, a second-stage filter screen 5 and a third-stage filter screen 6 are arranged at the interface position of the large karst cave 1 and the tunnel 2, the first-stage filter screen 4 mainly filters broken stones, and the size of the first-stage filter screen 4 is 10.0mm multiplied by 10.0mm; the secondary filter screen 5 mainly filters sand and fine broken stone, and the size of the secondary filter screen 5 is 5.0mm multiplied by 5.0mm; the three-stage filter screen 6 mainly filters soil, fine sand and the like, and the size of the three-stage filter screen 6 is 1.0mm multiplied by 1.0mm; from the first-level filter screen 4 to the third-level filter screen 6, the filter screen size gradually reduces, and then the filler inside the large karst cave 1 is guaranteed not to flow into the interior of the water draining device, so that the water draining device is blocked.
Step five: setting a cylindrical mechanism;
a tubular mechanism of an automatic water draining and pressure reducing device is arranged between the tunnel 2 and the large karst cave 1, and the upper part of the tubular mechanism is connected with a filter mechanism.
Step six: a drain pipe on the cylindrical mechanism is arranged;
on the side of the cylinder 8, on one hand, a thin drain pipe 3 connected with a drain pipe or a blind pipe of the tunnel 2 is arranged, and the thin drain pipe 3 needs to be inclined downwards by 5 degrees, so that the underground water can flow into the drain pipe or the blind pipe of the tunnel 2; on the other hand, a thick drain pipe 11 communicated with the arch bottom of the tunnel 2 is arranged, and the thick drain pipe 11 needs to be inclined downwards by 10 degrees.
Step seven: a blocking filter screen 12 is arranged on the tunnel 2 arch bottom thick drain pipe 11;
the water outlet of the rough drain pipe 11 is cleaned, and meanwhile, a blocking filter screen 12 is arranged to prevent sludge, broken stone and the like from entering the rough drain pipe 11, so that the rough drain pipe 11 is blocked.
Step eight: a fixed cylindrical mechanism;
step nine: a spring closing component is arranged;
a layer of anti-slip rubber layer 10 is arranged outside the spring 9, and then the spring 9 with the anti-slip rubber layer 10 is installed inside the cylinder 8, and the anti-slip rubber layer 10 is mainly used for preventing underground water inside the large karst cave from flowing to the bottom of the cylinder 8.
Step ten: setting a base 7;
after the installation of the spring 9 in the cylinder 8 is completed, a base 7 is required to be installed at the bottom of the cylinder 8, construction can be performed in a concrete cast-in-situ or prefabricated mode, and the main purpose of the base 7 is to support the automatic water drainage pressure reducing device, so that the dead weight of the automatic water drainage pressure reducing device is prevented from being directly applied to the structure of the tunnel 2, and the external stress of the structure of the tunnel 2 is further increased.
Step eleven: and (5) constructing a tunnel mechanism.
The tunnel mechanism construction comprises tunnel primary support, a steel arch, a secondary lining, a waterproof board, a drain pipe and the like.
In the further optimization scheme, in the third step, after the tunnel 2 is communicated with the karst cave 1, underground water in the karst cave 1 is pumped and discharged, the filler is cleaned, and meanwhile surrounding rocks at the communication position of the tunnel 2 and the karst cave 1 are locally reinforced, and an anchor rod or anchor rope supporting mode is adopted for reinforcing measures.
In a further optimization scheme, in the step eight, the position of the cylindrical mechanism is fixed, then gaps between the cylindrical mechanism and surrounding rock are filled, and cement grouting and chemical foam grouting are adopted for filling.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Automatic water draining and pressure reducing device for karst tunnel large karst cave under heavy rainfall condition is characterized in that: including filtering mechanism, filtering mechanism's top stretches into karst cave (1), filtering mechanism's bottom intercommunication tube-shape mechanism, tube-shape mechanism keeps away from filtering mechanism's one end and tunnel mechanism's top rigid coupling, tube-shape mechanism's high-end intercommunication has the entry of thin drain pipe (3), the export intercommunication of thin drain pipe (3) tunnel mechanism, tube-shape mechanism's low-end intercommunication has thick drainage mechanism, thick drainage mechanism's the other end intercommunication tunnel mechanism.
2. The automatic water draining and pressure reducing device for karst tunnels under heavy rainfall conditions, which is characterized in that: the tunnel mechanism comprises a tunnel (2), a tunnel secondary lining structure (13) is arranged above the tunnel (2), a tunnel primary support structure (15) is arranged on the tunnel secondary lining structure (13), a drainage blind pipe (14) is arranged between the tunnel primary support structure (15) and the tunnel secondary lining structure (13), the drainage blind pipe (14) is communicated with an outlet of the fine drainage pipe (3), and surrounding rock at the bottom of the tunnel (2) is communicated with the coarse drainage mechanism.
3. The automatic water draining and pressure reducing device for karst tunnels under heavy rainfall conditions, which is characterized in that: the filtering mechanism comprises a primary filter screen (4), a secondary filter screen (5) and a tertiary filter screen (6) which are communicated with the tubular mechanism in sequence, wherein the aperture of the primary filter screen (4), the aperture of the secondary filter screen (5) and the aperture of the tertiary filter screen (6) are sequentially increased, and the primary filter screen (4), the secondary filter screen (5) and the tertiary filter screen (6) extend into the karst cave (1).
4. The automatic water draining and pressure reducing device for karst tunnels under heavy rainfall conditions, which is characterized in that: the cylindrical mechanism comprises a base (7) fixedly connected to the top end of the primary support structure (15), a cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the base (7), the top end of the cylinder (8) is communicated with the primary filter screen (4), a spring sealing assembly is connected in the cylinder (8) in a sliding mode, one end of the spring sealing assembly is close to one end of the base (7) and fixedly connected with the cylinder (8), the thin drain pipe (3) is communicated with the high end of the cylinder (8), and the thick drain mechanism is communicated with the low end of the cylinder (8).
5. The automatic water draining and pressure reducing device for karst tunnels under heavy rainfall conditions, which is characterized in that: the spring sealing assembly comprises a spring (9), an anti-slip rubber layer (10) is laid on the spring (9), the anti-slip rubber layer (10) is located between the cylinder (8) and the spring (9), the spring (9) is in sliding connection with the side wall of the cylinder (8), and the spring (9) is fixedly connected with one end, close to the base (7), of the cylinder (8).
6. The automatic water draining and pressure reducing device for karst tunnels under heavy rainfall conditions, which is characterized in that: the coarse drainage mechanism comprises a coarse drainage pipe (11) communicated with the lower end of the cylinder (8), a blocking filter screen (12) is arranged at one end, far away from the cylinder (8), of the coarse drainage pipe (11), and the blocking filter screen (12) is communicated with surrounding rocks at the bottom of the tunnel (2).
7. The use method of the automatic water draining and pressure reducing device for the karst tunnel large karst cave under the condition of heavy rainfall is based on the automatic water draining and pressure reducing device for the karst tunnel large karst cave under the condition of heavy rainfall, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: surveying geology of the karst cave (1), and drawing sectional views of the karst cave (1) and the tunnel (2);
step two: excavating a tunnel (2) and exposing a karst cave (1);
step three: pumping and draining underground water, cleaning fillers and locally reinforcing surrounding rocks;
step four: setting a filtering mechanism;
step five: setting a cylindrical mechanism;
step six: a drain pipe on the cylindrical mechanism is arranged;
step seven: a blocking filter screen (12) on the arch bottom thick drain pipe (11) of the tunnel (2) is arranged;
step eight: a fixed cylindrical mechanism;
step nine: a spring closing component is arranged;
step ten: a base (7) is arranged;
step eleven: and (5) constructing a tunnel mechanism.
8. The method for using the karst tunnel large karst cave automatic water drainage and depressurization device under the condition of heavy rainfall according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, after the tunnel (2) is communicated with the karst cave (1), underground water in the karst cave (1) is pumped and discharged, fillers are cleaned, and meanwhile surrounding rocks at the communication position of the tunnel (2) and the karst cave (1) are locally reinforced, and an anchor rod or anchor cable supporting mode is adopted for reinforcing measures.
9. The method for using the karst tunnel large karst cave automatic water drainage and depressurization device under the condition of heavy rainfall according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the eighth step, the cylindrical mechanism is fixed in position, and then a gap between the cylindrical mechanism and the surrounding rock is filled, and cement grouting and chemical foam grouting are adopted for the filling.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116733491A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Water-rich karst tunnel reinforcing device and rapid construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116733491A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Water-rich karst tunnel reinforcing device and rapid construction method |
| CN116733491B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-11-03 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Water-rich karst tunnel reinforcing device and rapid construction method |
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