CN116370615A - 眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶a2在治疗糖尿病肾病上的应用 - Google Patents
眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶a2在治疗糖尿病肾病上的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种药物组合,所述药物组合物包含眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2和其药学上可接受的载体。此药物组合物可以用来治疗糖尿病肾病患者的微量蛋白尿及尿白蛋白和尿肌酐比例升高的肾功能损伤指标,由此来控制和延缓肾脏病理性进展,改善肾功能,对糖尿病肾病的治疗有着极其重要的意义。
Description
一、技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗糖尿病肾病的药物组合物,属生物制药领域。
二、背景技术
糖尿病是以血糖增高为代表性的代谢紊乱性综合征,主要临床表现为多饮多尿体重减少。糖尿病肾病是因糖尿病而引起的肾小球硬化,属于糖尿病的慢性并发症,是引起终末期肾病的重要因素,治疗不及时将会导致患者肾功能衰竭,甚至导致患者死亡。因此临床需加强对糖尿病肾病的诊断,及早发现病症,并控制疾病恶化,保证患者生命健康安全。
糖尿病肾病患者早期临床症状不显著,可持续多年微量蛋白尿,当患者病症加重,出现明显蛋白尿或水肿现象时才会引起注意。其实,在患有多年糖尿病肾病的病人会有少量的血液白蛋白开始泄漏到尿液中,此时为慢性肾炎的第一阶段,称为微量白蛋白尿。尽管微量白蛋白尿也有可能与高血压、高血脂、动脉粥样硬化等相关心血管疾病存在一些关联,但当反应肾功能的其他指标蛋白如免疫球蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白、转铁蛋白等在尿中也发生明显升高时,侧可以证实肾功能已发生病理性变化。[1-11]
肾小球功能减退时,β2微球蛋白将会进入尿液,导致其在尿液中含量显著上升,因此尿β2微球蛋白能直接反映肾小球功能。[12,13]血液中α1微球蛋白通过肾小球滤过膜后会在肾近曲小管中被重新吸收,只有微量会从尿液中排除,因此当尿液中α1微球蛋白含量升高时,能直接反映肾小管的重吸收功能和肾小球的滤过功能的异常[14,15,16]。转铁蛋白是血浆中含铁蛋白质,主要负责运载铁元素,转铁蛋白分子所带负电荷较少,易通过肾小球的电荷屏障,尤其在糖尿病肾病早期,滤过膜负电荷减少,而滤孔尚无变化时,尿中转铁蛋白可较白蛋白出现更早,可作为诊断早期肾脏病变的一项更为敏感指标,当人体肾功能出现紊乱时,其含量将会明显升高[17-21]。免疫球蛋白G侧是人体自身免疫反应的一个直接指标。因此,人体尿液中微量白蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白、转铁蛋白、免疫球蛋白G等相关肾功能指标能直接反映人体的肾功能及肾脏病变状况。当肾脏发生病变时,尿微量白蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白、转铁蛋白、免疫球蛋白G含量将会明显升高。有实验证据表明:尿中微量白蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白、转铁蛋白、免疫球蛋白G等多种微量蛋白的同时检测为临床提供了更可靠的参数,克服了各种微量蛋白出现的不均一性。[1-3]
在对糖尿病肾病的进一步研究中,Lemann等证实尿白蛋白与尿肌酐的比值能准确的反应肾脏蛋白的排泄量,能对糖尿病性肾病早期作出诊断;[22]李小明等也通过临床研究证实尿白蛋白与尿肌酐的比值是糖尿病性肾病早期诊断的一个敏感指标。[23]
三、发明内容
磷脂酶A2(Phospholipase A2,PLA2)是一类分布广泛的酶家族,存在于各种动物组织,尤其在蛇毒等动物的毒液和哺乳动物的胰脏分泌液中。它们都具有一种共同的基本作用,即以生物膜磷脂为天然底物,催化甘油磷脂sn-2位上的酰键发生水解反应,产生溶血磷脂和脂肪酸,参与磷脂的代谢。蛇毒磷脂酶A2在结构和水解功能上与哺乳动物的分泌型PLA2非常相似。
我们的动物模型研究首次发现,眼镜蛇科的蛇磷脂酶A2可以抑制链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠糖尿病肾病的微量蛋白尿,扭转尿微量白蛋白与尿肌酐比值的升高,改善糖尿病肾病的肾功能受损。眼镜蛇科的蛇磷脂酶A2,包括中华眼镜蛇,孟加拉眼镜蛇、印度眼镜蛇毒磷脂酶A2、银环蛇磷脂酶A2;金环蛇磷脂酶A2,都达到了几乎一致的治疗大鼠糖尿病肾病微量蛋白尿及尿白蛋白与尿肌酐的比值升高的肾功能损伤的实验结果。在蛋白结构上,它们都属于IA型PLA2,此结构主要来自眼镜蛇、金环蛇和银环蛇,分子量为13~14KD,分子内含7个二硫键,它们都具有典型的I型PLA2的11位和77位的特征二硫键,[24,25]在氨基酸序列上它们的成熟蛋白具有高度的同源性,具有118或119个氨基酸残基,共同的功能结构使得它们具有共同的生理活性。它们成熟蛋白的氨基酸序列(FASTA)分别如下:
中华眼镜蛇Najaatra磷脂酶A2(SEQ ID No.1)
nlyqfknmiqctvpsrswwdfadygcycgrggsgtpvddldrccqvhdhcyneaekisgcwpysktysyecsqgtltckggnnacaaavcdcdrlaaicfagapynnnnynidlkarcq
银环蛇Bungarusmulticinctus磷脂酶A2(SEQ ID No.2)
nlyqfknmivcagtrpwigyvnygcycgaggsgtpvdeldrccyvhdncygeaekipgcnpktktysytctkpnltctdaagtcarivcdcdrtaaicfaaapyninnfmisssthcq
孟加拉眼镜蛇Najakaouthia磷脂酶A2(SEQ ID No.3)
nlyqfknmiqctvpsrswwdfadygcycgrggsgtpvddldrccqvhdncyneaekisgcwpyfktysyecsqgtltckggnnacaaavcdcdrlaaicfagapynnnnynidlkarcq
印度眼镜蛇Najanaja磷脂酶A2(SEQ ID No.4)
nlyqfknmvqctvpnrswwdfadygcycgrggsgtpvddldrccqvhdncygeaekisrcwpyfktysyecsqgtltckggnnacaaavcdcdrlaaicfagapyndnnynidlkarcq
金环蛇Bungarusfasciatus磷脂酶A2(SEQ ID No.5)
nlyqfknmiecagtrtwlayvkygcycgpggtgtpldeldrccqthdhcydnakkfgncipylktyvytcnkpditctgakgscgrtvcdcdraaaicfaaapynlanfgidkekhcq
本发明解决的另一个问题是在生产上,因为本发明所公开的分子具有明确的氨基酸序列,故能够通过基因工程来生产,解决了蛇毒资源稀缺的实际问题;即使如果继续通过天然蛇毒的分离纯化来得到磷脂酶A2,因为过程中由于有了明确的氨基酸序列而更容易达到质量和纯度上的控制,这为蛇毒中单体成分的药品开发奠定了必要的基础。
四、实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明,但以下实施例并非对本发明的限定;同时凡依照本发明公开内容所进行的本领域等同替换,均属于本发明的保护范围。
实施案例:
案例A:中华眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2(SEQ ID No.1)的获得
对中华眼镜蛇粗毒进行分离纯化,将1g中华眼镜蛇粗毒溶解在25ml 0.025摩尔PH6.0的醋酸铵缓冲液中,低温离心,取上清液;用0.025摩尔PH6.0的醋酸铵溶液平衡TSKCM-650(M)柱;上样后用pH5.9的醋酸铵缓冲液进行2厢阶梯梯度洗脱(0.1~0.5mol及0.6~1mol),紫外检测参数:280nm;洗脱流速:48ml/h;按记录谱图收集各种毒素组分,收集液中洗脱出12个蛋白峰,对各蛋白峰进行分子量测量及N端氨基酸序列测序,对分子量在13-14KD并且N端前8个氨基酸残基为nlyqfknm的蛋白进行测序,最终获得中华眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2的氨基酸序列。
中华眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2(SEQ ID No.1)一级结构的氨基酸序列Fasta形式为:
nlyqfknmiqctvpsrswwdfadygcycgrggsgtpvddldrccqvhdhcyneaekisgcwpysktysyecsqgtltckggnnacaaavcdcdrlaaicfagapynnnnynidlkarcq
孟加拉眼镜蛇、印度眼镜蛇、银环蛇、金环蛇的磷脂酶A2蛋白(SEQ ID No.2-SEQID No.5)可通过同样方法获得。
案例B:中华眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2(SEQ ID No.1)对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠糖尿病肾病的蛋白尿及尿微量白蛋白尿肌酐比值的影响。
链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠糖尿病肾病可使大鼠出现典型的糖尿病肾病表现,其动物模型的病理改变与人类糖尿病肾病微小病变相似。
1.实验动物及造模分组
实验大鼠30只,分别为治疗组10只;模型组10只;对照组10只,具体如下:
雄性SD大鼠40只,重量160~180g,随机分为对照组10只、造模组30只。在造模成功后存活的大鼠中随机取20个并随机分为眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2治疗组10只、模型组10只,剩余的出组。具体造模方法为造模组大鼠正常进食、进水,每只先腹腔注射0.5ml福氏完全佐剂(CFA),次日链脲佐菌素(STZ)液腹腔注射,临用前0.1mmol/L PH4.5的枸橼酸缓冲液配成1%的浓度,以55mg/kg腹腔注射,造模组一周后取尾静脉血检测血糖,随机血糖维持在16.7mmol/L以上,尿糖3+~4+视为糖尿病模型成功。眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2治疗组用眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2 20ug/kg灌胃,每日一次,连续8周。模型组与对照组生理盐水灌胃,每日一次,连续8周。
2.观察指标及检测方法
末次治疗后将大鼠置于代谢笼中收集尿液10mL,3 500r/min离心10min,抽取上清液于冻存管中,置于-80℃冰箱中留存备用,采用酶联免疫法检测尿a 1-微球蛋白,β2-微球蛋白、微量白蛋白、转铁蛋白、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、肌酐(Cr),按ELISA试剂盒说明进行操作。
3.实验结果
表-1为SEQ ID No.1眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2(PLA2)对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠糖尿病肾病的肾功能指标影响的实验结果。
表-1(×±SD,n=10)
1.眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠糖尿病肾病的微量蛋白尿(UALB)的影响,与对照组相比,造模后的2组大鼠微量蛋白尿(UALB)均有显著性升高;与模型组相比,眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组的微量蛋白尿有显著性降低。##表示眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组与模型组相比P<0.01。
2.眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠糖尿病肾病的尿α1微球蛋白(а1-MG)的影响,与对照组相比,造模后的2组大鼠尿α1微球蛋白均有显著性升高;与模型组相比,眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组的尿α1微球蛋白有显著性降低。##表示眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2·组与模型组相比P<0.01。
3.眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠糖尿病肾病的尿β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)的影响,与对照组相比,造模后的2组大鼠尿β2微球蛋白均有显著性升高;与模型组相比,眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组的尿β2微球蛋白有显著性降低。#表示眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组与模型组相比P<0.05。
4.眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠糖尿病肾病的尿转铁蛋白(TRF)的影响,与对照组相比,造模后的2组大鼠尿转铁蛋白均有显著性升高;与模型组相比,眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组的尿转铁蛋白有显著性降低。#表示眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组与模型组相比P<0.05。
5.眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠糖尿病肾病的尿免疫球蛋白(IgG)的影响,与对照组相比,造模后的2组大鼠尿免疫球蛋白均有显著性升高;与模型组相比,眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组的尿免疫球蛋白有显著性降低。##表示眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组与模型组相比P<0.01。
6.眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠糖尿病肾病的尿肌酐(Cr)的影响,与对照组相比,造模后的2组大鼠尿肌酐均有显著性降低;与模型组相比,眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组的尿肌酐有显著性升高。#表示眼镜蛇磷脂酶A2组与模型组相比P<0.05。
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Claims (10)
1.一种治疗病人糖尿病肾病的药物组合物,通过使用该组合物含有的治疗有效量的眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2,及药物可接受载体,用它们的组合物来治疗糖尿病肾病。
2.根据权利要求(1)所述的糖尿病肾病是指糖尿病患者的蛋白尿及肾功能的损伤,它的特征为,它们是糖尿病肾病产生的微量蛋白尿,及衡量肾功能的尿白蛋白和尿肌酐之比升高至超过医学所规定的正常范围。
3.根据权利要求(2)所述的微量蛋白尿是指包括由白蛋白,疫球蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白、转铁蛋白等泄漏到尿液中导致以上蛋白在尿液中含量升高至超过医学上定义的正常范围而导致的蛋白尿。
4.根据权利要求(3)所述的蛋白尿,它的特征是指包括由白蛋白,疫球蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白、转铁蛋白中其中一个、多个、或全部蛋白指标升高而导致的蛋白尿。
5.根据权利要求(2)所述的蛋白尿还包括24小时尿蛋白升高超过正常范围所导致的蛋白尿。
6.根据权利要求(1)所述眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2,其特征在于,它是具有SEQ ID No.1-SEQ ID No.5所示的成熟蛋白氨基酸序列的眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2;或分别与SEQ ID No.1-SEQ ID No.5中的眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2具有70%或以上同源性的成熟蛋白,该成熟蛋白的功能与SEQ ID No.1-SEQ ID No.5所示的氨基酸序列的眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2功能相同或相似。
7.权利要求(1)所述眼镜蛇科磷脂酶A2,其特征还在于,它们可来自于从天然蛇毒中分离提取,或化学多肽合成,或是使用重组技术从原核或真核宿主例如,细菌、酵母、高等植物、昆虫和哺乳动物细胞中产生。
8.根据权利要求(7)所述重组生产的眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2,根据重组生产方案所用的宿主,本发明的蛋白可以是糖基化的,或可以是非糖基化的;可以是包含二硫键的,或可以是不包含二硫键的。本发明中所述的蛋白还可包括或不包括起始的甲硫氨酸残基。
9.权利要求(1,6,7,8)以上所述眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2,其特征还在于本发明中所述的眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2可包括上述各种眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2经过水解或酶解后的片段、用物理和化学方法处理后的衍生物和类似物,他们是基本保持着与上述眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2相同的生物学功能或活性的蛋白。本发明中所述的片段、衍生物或类似物可以是一个或多个氨基酸残基被取代的蛋白或在一个或多个氨基酸残基中具有取代基团的蛋白,或与另一个化合物比如延长蛋白半衰期的化合物,例如聚乙二醇、脂肪链融合所形成的蛋白,或附加的氨基酸序列融合到此蛋白序列而形成的蛋白。根据本文的描述,这些片段、衍生物和类似物都属于本领域熟练技术人员公知的范围。
10.权利要求(1)的组合物的使用方法包括静脉注射、肌肉注射、皮下注射、口服、舌下、鼻腔、直肠、真皮内或经皮给药;眼镜蛇科蛇磷脂酶A2的使用剂量包括从1μg/Kg到350μg/kg每次,频率从每天一次到每天多次;或一年多次。
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CN118286391A (zh) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-07-05 | 江苏毫末医药生物科技有限公司 | 药物组合物在治疗糖尿病肾病上的应用 |
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CN118286391A (zh) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-07-05 | 江苏毫末医药生物科技有限公司 | 药物组合物在治疗糖尿病肾病上的应用 |
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