CN116354699B - Wear-resistant negative ion ceramic tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant negative ion ceramic tile and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116354699B CN116354699B CN202310472778.1A CN202310472778A CN116354699B CN 116354699 B CN116354699 B CN 116354699B CN 202310472778 A CN202310472778 A CN 202310472778A CN 116354699 B CN116354699 B CN 116354699B
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- mixture
- parts
- negative ion
- anion
- functional material
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical group [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 20
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 15
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 rare earth anion Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical class [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005541 medical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/24—Manufacture of porcelain or white ware
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention relates to a wear-resistant anion ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. The wear-resisting anion ceramic tile from the top down includes: the negative ion functional material layer, the binder layer and the ceramic matrix. The preparation method comprises the following steps: grinding and mixing sandstone slag and marble Dan Feidan, preparing a ceramic matrix by high-temperature sintering, firing a mixture A and a mixture B of limestone waste slag and quartz powder, preparing a binder, preparing an aqueous slurry of a negative ion functional material, and the like. Finally, coating an adhesive and an anion functional material on the ceramic matrix, and completing interlayer bonding through carbonization and maintenance. The wear-resistant anion ceramic tile provided by the invention has excellent wear resistance and anion release performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant negative ion ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The anion ceramic tile is a novel environment-friendly building material, can release anions, has the functions of purifying air, sterilizing, disinfecting, reducing noise and shock absorption and the like, and is widely applied to the building fields of public places, houses, hospitals, schools and the like.
In modern cities, the content of negative ions in the air is low due to the influence of factors such as industrial pollution, traffic pollution, electromagnetic radiation and the like. It is counted that the negative ion content in cities is typically below 1000 per cm, whereas healthy negative ion content should be above 5000 per cm. Therefore, there is a need for improving the indoor environment by increasing the indoor negative ion content using a negative ion generator, plants, etc.
The negative ion ceramic tile has the advantages of improving indoor air quality, preventing disease transmission, saving energy sources, beautifying indoor environment and the like. The negative ion ceramic tile can generate negative ions, can adsorb harmful substances in the air, such as formaldehyde, benzene and the like, and can purify the indoor air; the negative ions on the surface of the negative ion ceramic tile can kill bacteria, prevent mold growth and keep indoor environment clean and sanitary; the anion ceramic tile has good sound insulation and heat insulation properties, can reduce indoor noise and reduce energy consumption; the anion ceramic tile has the characteristics of high strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and simultaneously has attractive appearance and easy cleaning and maintenance.
The publication No. CN115028198A discloses a method for producing healthy ceramic tiles capable of releasing anions, which comprises the steps of introducing nano composite anion functional powder capable of releasing anions into a ceramic matrix, and sintering the ceramic tiles at 1080-1200 ℃ in a roller kiln, wherein the finally sintered anion ceramic tiles have an anion releasing function. The formula of the nano composite negative ion functional powder is as follows: lithium tourmaline, magnesium tourmaline, nano titanium dioxide and rare earth composite salt.
The publication No. CN108530030A discloses a preparation method of an anion glazed tile, which comprises the steps of preparing an anion glazed tile, coating the surface of a tile blank with the anion glazed tile, and finally firing the tile in a kiln. The raw materials of the negative ion glazed tile comprise: kaolin, quartz stone, fly ash, potassium feldspar, talcum powder, nano silica powder, nano germanium oxide powder, pearl powder and zeolite powder. The method is based on the following steps: GB/T28628-2012 test method for ion measurement of Material induced air, ion measurement value of sample air is 8.56×10 6 ions/（s·m 2 ) Whereas the blank air anion measurement was 2.48×10 6 ions/ ions/（s·m 2 ) The negative ion glazed tile produced by the method has obvious negative ion release effect.
The publication No. CN109437569A discloses a preparation method of an anion ceramic tile, wherein the anion ceramic tile comprises a green body layer, a surface glaze layer and a protective glaze layer from bottom to top, and the ceramic tile has an anion release function by doping an anion material into the protective glaze layer, wherein the protective glaze layer mainly comprises the following raw materials of potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, calcined talcum powder, calcined zinc oxide, barium carbonate, quartz powder, corundum powder, kaolin, calcined kaolin, low-temperature frit, rare earth anion material and tourmaline. The glazed ceramic tile blank is dried and then put into a roller kiln to be sintered, the sintering system is that the sintering temperature is 1165-1225 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 35-95 min.
The publication No. CN109437569A discloses a preparation method of an anion ceramic tile, wherein the anion ceramic tile comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer, and the raw materials of the glaze layer are anion powder, attapulgite, porous diatomite, microcrystalline glass, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, modified phenolic resin and titanate coupling agent; the negative ion powder is prepared from tourmaline powder, nano cuprous oxide, stannous chloride and nano zinc oxide; the surface negative ion concentration of the ceramic tile after being put into a roller kiln for firing is 1370 pieces/cm 3 The effect of releasing negative ions is remarkable.
The invention provides a wear-resistant anion ceramic tile, which realizes good adhesion performance, strong wear-resistant capability, lasting and efficient anion release and antibacterial functions through the design of a ceramic matrix with a surface microporous structure, an adhesive layer and an anion functional material layer. The ceramic tile is prepared from various waste materials, and has the advantages of environmental protection and sustainability. The invention is different from the wear-resistant anion ceramic tile prepared by the patent, the anion ceramic tile firmly adheres the anion functional material layer on the substrate in a carbonization and hydration curing mode, and the problem that the anion functional material fails in the sintering process is avoided because the anion functional material layer is not sintered at a high temperature, meanwhile, the ceramic substrate with the surface microporous structure has good sound absorption and insulation performance, the adhesive layer can effectively prevent layering phenomenon among ceramic tile layers, and the overall strength and stability of the ceramic tile are improved. The preparation method is simple, the cost is low, the sources of raw materials are wide, and the preparation method has good application prospect. The wear-resistant anion ceramic tile can be used in the fields of indoor and outdoor decoration, ground pavement, wall decoration and the like, and can provide a healthier, environment-friendly and comfortable living environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides the wear-resistant negative ion ceramic tile. The ceramic matrix, the adhesive layer and the negative ion functional material layer are prepared, the adhesion of the negative ion functional material layer is tight through the micropore structure on the surface of the ceramic matrix after polishing and the carbonization maintenance of the adhesive, the durability of the negative ion ceramic tile is enhanced, and the release capability of the negative ions is obviously enhanced through the synergistic effect generated by the combination of different negative ion materials.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the problems in the prior art:
1) The wear-resistant anion ceramic tile consists of a ceramic matrix, an adhesive layer and an anion functional material layer;
2) Grinding sandstone slag and marble Dan Feidan into powder, sieving with a 100-target standard sieve, and adding 1-3% of industrial waste alkali by mass fraction;
ball milling the mixture for 30min, sintering at a high temperature of 1100-1200 ℃ for 30-60 min to prepare a ceramic matrix, and opening pores on the surface of the ceramic matrix by using a polishing machine to enable the surface porosity to reach 60% -70%;
3) According to the weight portions, 38 to 79 portions of limestone waste residue and 20 to 38 portions of quartz powder are uniformly mixed and then fired to 1200 to 1300 ℃ for heat preservation for 1.5 to 2.5 hours, and the mixture A is obtained after furnace cooling;
according to the weight portions, 38 to 79 portions of limestone waste residue, 20 to 38 portions of quartz powder and 1 to 2 portions of sintering aid are uniformly mixed and then fired to 1200 to 1300 ℃ for heat preservation for 1.5 to 2.5 hours, and the mixture B is obtained after furnace cooling;
15 to 25 parts of mixture B and mixture A are mixed according to parts by weightMixing 65-75 parts uniformly to prepare a binder;
4) Mixing 40-60 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 10-20 parts of bismuth vanadate and 10-30 parts of bismuth oxide according to parts by weight, adding 20-40 parts of ethanol and 0.5-1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and preparing an anion functional material aqueous slurry by ultrasonic treatment for 20-40 min;
5) Sequentially spraying the aqueous slurry of the binder and the negative ion functional material onto the ceramic matrix in an electrostatic spraying manner;
6) And (3) finishing the combination of the matrix layer and the adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer and the negative ion functional material layer through carbonization and hydration maintenance.
Preferably, the polishing machine has a speed of 500-1000 rpm and a polishing pressure of 2-10 kg.
Preferably, the sintering aid is borax mine waste residue. Wherein the borate is a main component, accounting for 60 to 70 parts of the total weight of borax mine waste residue, and the borate is silicate and oxide accounting for 20 to 30 parts.
Preferably, the purity of the nano titanium dioxide, bismuth vanadate and bismuth oxide serving as preparation raw materials in the negative ion functional material layer is required to be more than 99%.
Preferably, the ball milling in the negative ion functional material layer is carried out for 1-2 hours, and the mixture is sieved by a 300-mesh sieve after ball milling, wherein the fineness of the mixture particles is less than or equal to 150 mu m.
Preferably, the technological parameters of the electrostatic spraying are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 30-80 KV, the spraying pressure is 0.05-0.1 MPa, the nozzle diameter is 0.5-1 mm, and the spraying distance is 10-20 cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the adhesive layer formed after spraying is 100-200 mu m; the thickness of the negative ion functional material layer is 50-200 mu m.
Preferably, the carbonization and solidification reaction is to introduce CO into a carbonization reactor at a rate of 0.5-2L/min under normal pressure 2 The carbonization time is 1-3 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects and advantages that:
1. the preparation method comprises the following steps of: the raw materials used in this patent, such as sandstone slag, marble waste, industrial waste alkali, limestone waste residue, etc., are all derived from waste or byproducts, which is beneficial to recycling of resources and reduction of environmental pollution.
2. Negative ion functional material layer: the negative ion functional material layer is prepared from the raw materials such as nano titanium dioxide, bismuth vanadate, bismuth oxide and the like, so that a healthier and comfortable living environment can be provided for people, and the added value of the ceramic tile is improved. And this patent has avoided the negative ion functional material to reduce by a wide margin in the sintering process performance. Compared with the traditional anion ceramic, the anion functional material has stronger anion releasing capability and better durability.
3. Ceramic matrix: the ceramic matrix is formed by high-temperature sintering, has good light weight and heat preservation performance, and can reduce the load of a building and save energy.
4. The carbonization activity of dicalcium silicate is utilized, and normal pressure carbonization maintenance is adopted to bond ceramic brick layers, so that the bonding among the matrix layer, the binder layer and the anion functional material layer is firmer, the high-temperature sintering process is avoided, and a large amount of cost is saved.
Description of the embodiments
The embodiment of the invention further describes the technical scheme. These embodiments are only a part of the present invention, and all other embodiments are within the scope of the present invention as would be understood by one skilled in the relevant art without making any inventive effort.
Example 1
Step 1: preparing ceramic matrix with surface microporous structure, binder and anion functional material.
1): weighing 5kg of sandstone slag powder, 0.5kg of marble powder Dan Fei and 0.05kg of industrial waste alkali, grinding and mixing, and then placing into a ball mill for ball milling for 30min; pouring the mixture after ball milling into a die, pressing into cylindrical sheets with phi=3 cm under the pressure of 8 MPa in a tablet press, putting into an alumina crucible, firing to 1150 ℃ in a tube furnace, preserving heat for 0.5 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a ceramic matrix; fixing the ceramic substrate on a polishing machine, ensuring the stability of the ceramic substrate, adjusting the speed and the pressure of the polishing machine to be 600 rpm and the pressure to be 8 kg, starting polishing, polishing the ceramic surface by using a grinding wheel, and taking the attention that the ceramic substrate cannot be excessively polished; and cleaning the surface of the ceramic matrix by using a cleaning agent after polishing, removing dust and dirt generated by grinding, observing whether the surface of the ceramic matrix forms a microporous structure, and if not, repeating the steps until the expected effect is achieved.
2): weighing limestone waste residue and quartz powder according to a molar ratio of 2:1, placing into a ball mill for ball milling for 3h, drying, adding 10 percent of wt percent of water, uniformly mixing, pouring into a die, and pressing into a tablet press under the pressure of 8 MPaA cylindrical piece with phi=3 cm is put into an alumina crucible, burned to 1250 ℃ in a tube furnace, and kept at the temperature of 2h, and cooled along with the furnace to obtain a mixture A; weighing limestone waste residue and quartz powder according to a molar ratio of 2:1, adding a sintering aid with a mass fraction of 1wt%, putting the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling of 3h, adding 10 wt% of water after drying, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into a die, pressing the mixture into cylindrical tablets with phi=3 cm under a pressure of 8 MPa in a tablet press, putting the cylindrical tablets into an alumina crucible, firing the cylindrical tablets in a tube furnace to 1250 ℃, preserving heat of 2h, and cooling the cylindrical tablets in the furnace to obtain the limestone powderMixture BThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass fraction ratio is 19:80, and the mixture B and the mixture A are uniformly mixed.
3): uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 15 parts by weight of bismuth vanadate and 15 parts by weight of bismuth oxide powder, adding the mixed powder into ethanol, and uniformly stirring; adding polyvinyl alcohol into the mixture while stirring, and continuing stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved; putting the mixture into an oven for drying treatment; and adding the dried mixture into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to prepare the negative ion functional material aqueous slurry.
Step 2: sequentially spraying the aqueous slurry of the binder and the negative ion functional material onto the ceramic matrix in an electrostatic spraying manner; the technological parameters of electrostatic spraying are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 60KV, the spraying pressure is 0.05MPa, the nozzle diameter is 0.6mm, and the spraying distance is 15cm.
Step 3: putting the glazed green bricks into a carbonization reactor, and setting carbonization and hydration maintenance procedures as follows:
s1, carbonization rate: CO is introduced at a rate of 0.5L/min under normal pressure 2 。
S2, carbonization time: 2h.
S3, spraying a layer of deionized water, and repeating the carbonization and maintenance process again.
Example 2
Step 1: preparing ceramic matrix with surface microporous structure, binder and anion functional material.
1): weighing 5kg of sandstone slag powder, 0.5kg of marble powder Dan Fei and 0.05kg of industrial waste alkali, grinding and mixing, and then placing into a ball mill for ball milling for 30min; pouring the mixture after ball milling into a die, pressing into cylindrical sheets with phi=3 cm under the pressure of 8 MPa in a tablet press, putting into an alumina crucible, firing to 1150 ℃ in a tube furnace, preserving heat for 0.5 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a ceramic matrix; fixing the ceramic substrate on a polishing machine, ensuring the stability of the ceramic substrate, adjusting the speed and the pressure of the polishing machine to be 600 rpm and the pressure to be 8 kg, starting polishing, polishing the ceramic surface by using a grinding wheel, and taking the attention that the ceramic substrate cannot be excessively polished; and cleaning the surface of the ceramic matrix by using a cleaning agent after polishing, removing dust and dirt generated by grinding, observing whether the surface of the ceramic matrix forms a microporous structure, and if not, repeating the steps until the expected effect is achieved.
2): weighing limestone waste residue and quartz powder according to a molar ratio of 2:1, placing into a ball mill for ball milling to 3h, mixing with 10 wt% of water after drying, pouring into a die, pressing into cylindrical tablets with phi=3 cm under 8 MPa in a tablet press, placing into an alumina crucible, firing in a tube furnace to 1250 ℃, preserving heat to 2h, and cooling with the furnace to obtain the final productMixture AThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Weighing limestone waste residue and quartz powder according to a molar ratio of 2:1, adding a sintering aid with a mass fraction of 1wt%, putting the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling of 3h, adding 10 wt% of water after drying, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into a die, pressing the mixture into cylindrical tablets with phi=3 cm under a pressure of 8 MPa in a tablet press, putting the cylindrical tablets into an alumina crucible, firing the cylindrical tablets in a tube furnace to 1250 ℃, preserving heat of 2h, and cooling the cylindrical tablets in the furnace to obtain the limestone powderMixture BThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass fraction ratio is 19:80, 80Mixture B、Mixture AUniformly mixing, wherein the water-gel ratio is 8:1.
3): uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 15 parts by weight of bismuth vanadate and 15 parts by weight of bismuth oxide powder, adding the mixed powder into ethanol, and uniformly stirring; adding polyvinyl alcohol into the mixture while stirring, and continuing stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved; putting the mixture into an oven for drying treatment; and adding the dried mixture into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to prepare the negative ion functional material aqueous slurry.
Step 2: sequentially spraying the aqueous slurry of the binder and the negative ion functional material onto the ceramic matrix in an electrostatic spraying manner; the technological parameters of electrostatic spraying are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 60KV, the spraying pressure is 0.05MPa, the nozzle diameter is 0.6mm, and the spraying distance is 15cm.
Step 3: putting the glazed green bricks into a carbonization reactor, and setting a carbonization and hydration program as follows:
s1, carbonization rate: CO is introduced at a rate of 1L/min under normal pressure 2 。
S2, carbonization time: 2h.
S3, spraying a layer of deionized water, and repeating the carbonization and maintenance process again.
Example 3
Step 1: preparing ceramic matrix with surface microporous structure, binder and anion functional material.
1): weighing 5kg of sandstone slag powder, 0.5kg of marble powder Dan Fei and 0.05kg of industrial waste alkali, grinding and mixing, and then placing into a ball mill for ball milling for 30min; pouring the mixture after ball milling into a die, pressing into cylindrical sheets with phi=3 cm under the pressure of 8 MPa in a tablet press, putting into an alumina crucible, firing to 1150 ℃ in a tube furnace, preserving heat for 0.5 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a ceramic matrix; fixing the ceramic substrate on a polishing machine, ensuring the stability of the ceramic substrate, adjusting the speed and the pressure of the polishing machine to be 600 rpm and the pressure to be 8 kg, starting polishing, polishing the ceramic surface by using a grinding wheel, and taking the attention that the ceramic substrate cannot be excessively polished; and cleaning the surface of the ceramic matrix by using a cleaning agent after polishing, removing dust and dirt generated by grinding, observing whether the surface of the ceramic matrix forms a microporous structure, and if not, repeating the steps until the expected effect is achieved.
2): weighing limestone waste residue and quartz powder according to a molar ratio of 2:1, placing into a ball mill for ball milling to 3h, mixing with 10 wt% of water after drying, pouring into a die, pressing into cylindrical tablets with phi=3 cm under 8 MPa in a tablet press, placing into an alumina crucible, firing in a tube furnace to 1250 ℃, preserving heat to 2h, and cooling with the furnace to obtain the final productMixture AThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Weighing limestone waste residue and quartz powder according to a molar ratio of 2:1, adding 1wt% of sintering aid, ball-milling in a ball mill for 3h, and dryingMixing with 10 wt% water, pouring into a mold, pressing into cylindrical sheet with phi= cm under 8 MPa in a tablet press, placing into an alumina crucible, firing in a tube furnace to 1250 deg.C, maintaining the temperature at 2h, and coolingMixture BThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass fraction ratio is 19:80, 80Mixture B、Mixture AUniformly mixing, wherein the water-gel ratio is 8:1.
3): uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 15 parts by weight of bismuth vanadate and 15 parts by weight of bismuth oxide powder, adding the mixed powder into ethanol, and uniformly stirring; adding polyvinyl alcohol into the mixture while stirring, and continuing stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved; putting the mixture into an oven for drying treatment; and adding the dried mixture into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to prepare the negative ion functional material aqueous slurry.
Step 2: sequentially spraying the aqueous slurry of the binder and the negative ion functional material onto the ceramic matrix in an electrostatic spraying manner; the technological parameters of electrostatic spraying are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 60KV, the spraying pressure is 0.1MPa, the nozzle diameter is 1mm, and the spraying distance is 15cm.
Step 3: putting the glazed green bricks into a carbonization reactor, and setting a carbonization and hydration program as follows:
s1, carbonization rate: CO is introduced at a rate of 0.5L/min under normal pressure 2 。
S2, carbonization time: 2h.
S3, spraying a layer of deionized water, and repeating the carbonization and maintenance process again.
Example 4
Step 1: preparing ceramic matrix with surface microporous structure, binder and anion functional material.
1): weighing 5kg of sandstone slag powder, 0.5kg of marble powder Dan Fei and 0.05kg of industrial waste alkali, grinding and mixing, and then placing into a ball mill for ball milling for 30min; pouring the mixture after ball milling into a die, pressing into cylindrical sheets with phi=3 cm under the pressure of 8 MPa in a tablet press, putting into an alumina crucible, firing to 1150 ℃ in a tube furnace, preserving heat for 0.5 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a ceramic matrix; fixing the ceramic substrate on a polishing machine, ensuring the stability of the ceramic substrate, adjusting the speed and the pressure of the polishing machine to be 800 rpm and 5kg, starting polishing, polishing the ceramic surface by using a grinding wheel, and taking the attention that the ceramic substrate cannot be excessively polished; and cleaning the surface of the ceramic matrix by using a cleaning agent after polishing, removing dust and dirt generated by grinding, observing whether the surface of the ceramic matrix forms a microporous structure, and if not, repeating the steps until the expected effect is achieved.
2): weighing limestone waste residue and quartz powder according to a molar ratio of 2:1, placing into a ball mill for ball milling to 3h, mixing with 10 wt% of water after drying, pouring into a die, pressing into cylindrical tablets with phi=3 cm under 8 MPa in a tablet press, placing into an alumina crucible, firing in a tube furnace to 1250 ℃, preserving heat to 2h, and cooling with the furnace to obtain the final productMixture AThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Weighing limestone waste residue and quartz powder according to a molar ratio of 2:1, adding a sintering aid with a mass fraction of 1wt%, putting the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling of 3h, adding 10 wt% of water after drying, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into a die, pressing the mixture into cylindrical tablets with phi=3 cm under a pressure of 8 MPa in a tablet press, putting the cylindrical tablets into an alumina crucible, firing the cylindrical tablets in a tube furnace to 1250 ℃, preserving heat of 2h, and cooling the cylindrical tablets in the furnace to obtain the limestone powderMixture BThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass fraction ratio is 19:80, 80Mixture B、Mixture AUniformly mixing, wherein the water-gel ratio is 8:1.
3): uniformly mixing 30 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 15 parts by weight of bismuth vanadate and 15 parts by weight of bismuth oxide powder, adding the mixed powder into ethanol, and uniformly stirring; adding polyvinyl alcohol into the mixture while stirring, and continuing stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved; putting the mixture into an oven for drying treatment; and adding the dried mixture into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to prepare the negative ion functional material aqueous slurry.
Step 2: sequentially spraying the aqueous slurry of the binder and the negative ion functional material onto the ceramic matrix in an electrostatic spraying manner; the technological parameters of electrostatic spraying are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 60KV, the spraying pressure is 0.05MPa, the nozzle diameter is 0.6mm, and the spraying distance is 15cm.
Step 3: putting the glazed green bricks into a carbonization reactor, and setting a carbonization and hydration program as follows:
s1, carbonization rate: CO is introduced at a rate of 0.5L/min under normal pressure 2 。
S2, carbonization time: 2h.
S3, spraying a layer of deionized water, and repeating the carbonization and maintenance process again.
Example 5
Step 1: preparing ceramic matrix with surface microporous structure, binder and anion functional material.
1): weighing 4kg of sandstone slag powder, 0.5kg of marble powder Dan Fei and 0.05kg of industrial waste alkali, grinding and mixing, and putting into a ball mill for ball milling for 30min; pouring the mixture after ball milling into a die, pressing into cylindrical sheets with phi=3 cm under the pressure of 8 MPa in a tablet press, putting into an alumina crucible, firing to 1150 ℃ in a tube furnace, preserving heat for 0.5 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a ceramic matrix; fixing the ceramic substrate on a polishing machine, ensuring the stability of the ceramic substrate, adjusting the speed and the pressure of the polishing machine to be 600 rpm and the pressure to be 8 kg, starting polishing, polishing the ceramic surface by using a grinding wheel, and taking the attention that the ceramic substrate cannot be excessively polished; and cleaning the surface of the ceramic matrix by using a cleaning agent after polishing, removing dust and dirt generated by grinding, observing whether the surface of the ceramic matrix forms a microporous structure, and if not, repeating the steps until the expected effect is achieved.
2): weighing limestone waste residue and quartz powder according to a molar ratio of 2:1, placing into a ball mill for ball milling to 3h, mixing with 10 wt% of water after drying, pouring into a die, pressing into cylindrical tablets with phi=3 cm under 8 MPa in a tablet press, placing into an alumina crucible, firing in a tube furnace to 1250 ℃, preserving heat to 2h, and cooling with the furnace to obtain the final productMixture AThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Weighing limestone waste residue and quartz powder according to a molar ratio of 2:1, adding a sintering aid with a mass fraction of 1wt%, putting the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling of 3h, adding 10 wt% of water after drying, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into a die, pressing the mixture into cylindrical tablets with phi=3 cm under a pressure of 8 MPa in a tablet press, putting the cylindrical tablets into an alumina crucible, firing the cylindrical tablets in a tube furnace to 1250 ℃, preserving heat of 2h, and cooling the cylindrical tablets in the furnace to obtain the limestone powderMixture BThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Will be of the qualityThe weight fraction ratio was 19:80, 80Mixture B、Mixture AUniformly mixing, wherein the water-gel ratio is 8:1.
3): uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 15 parts by weight of bismuth vanadate and 15 parts by weight of bismuth oxide powder, adding the mixed powder into ethanol, and uniformly stirring; adding polyvinyl alcohol into the mixture while stirring, and continuing stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved; putting the mixture into an oven for drying treatment; and adding the dried mixture into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to prepare the negative ion functional material aqueous slurry.
Step 2: sequentially spraying the aqueous slurry of the binder and the negative ion functional material onto the ceramic matrix in an electrostatic spraying manner; the technological parameters of electrostatic spraying are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 60KV, the spraying pressure is 0.05MPa, the nozzle diameter is 0.6mm, and the spraying distance is 15cm.
Step 3: putting the glazed green bricks into a carbonization reactor, and setting a carbonization and hydration program as follows:
s1, carbonization rate: CO is introduced at a rate of 0.5L/min under normal pressure 2 。
S2, carbonization time: 2h.
S3, spraying a layer of deionized water, and repeating the carbonization and maintenance process again.
Performance test:
the following antibacterial properties, negative ion release amount, abrasion resistance and glaze adhesion properties were tested, and the main test methods were as follows:
(1) And (3) dropwise adding an aldehyde solution with the concentration of 5% into beakers respectively provided with the five baking-free antibacterial self-cleaning samples, respectively dropwise adding a Schiff reagent (fuchsin aldehyde reagent) into test tubes after 0h/12h, and detecting the formaldehyde removal effect of the product by utilizing the characteristic that the Schiff reagent (colorless) turns into purple when meeting aldehyde.
(2) Electrometer method: and measuring the negative ions released by the negative ion ceramic by using an electrometer. An electrometer was placed near the anion ceramic to measure the concentration of anions in the air.
(3) Abrasion resistance: the test was performed using the GB/T4100-2015 annex G dry pressed ceramic tile detection standard.
(4) Compressive strength: the compressive strength measurement method is a static compression test. The test measures the ability of a sample to withstand a maximum pressure by subjecting the sample to compressive stress by applying a pressure normal to the surface of the sample. The method comprises the following specific steps: preparing a sample: preparing a ceramic material into a cylindrical or square sample with standard size; device test equipment: placing the sample in a test apparatus so that it is perpendicular to the direction of pressure; applying pressure: pressure was gradually applied until the sample ruptured. In the whole process, the relation between the pressure and the deformation of the sample is required to be recorded; compressive strength was calculated: the compressive strength of the sample was calculated from the test data.
(5) Glazing adhesion test: the test was performed using the standard test method for adhesion measurement by the U.S. tape test (D3359-08).
The testing steps are as follows: at an area of 125mm 2 A 5 x 5 mm-sized grid was cut with a knife, the center of the tape was placed over the grid, and the grid center was smoothed into place with a finger. Then after a time of 90±30 s, the free end is grasped, the tape is torn off, and the tape is torn off rapidly (without shaking) at an angle as close to 180 ° as possible. Finally, the test area is inspected with a magnifying glass, and the material dropping proportion is determined by comparing the material attaching area before the test. The whole experiment was repeated three times.
By combining the above test methods, various performance indexes of the product are measured as follows,
| example Performance index | Schiff reagent color development results | Anion concentration (ions/cm) | Wear resistance | Compressive strength (MPa) | Adhesion property of glaze |
| Example 1 | Change from purple to colorless | 5324 | Meets the national standard | 3.95 | 5B |
| Example 2 | Change from purple to colorless | 5232 | Meets the national standard | 3.64 | 4B |
| Example 3 | Change from purple to colorless | 4954 | Meets the national standard | 3.73 | 4B |
| Example 4 | Change from purple to colorless | 4867 | Meets the national standard | 4.12 | 4B |
| Example 5 | Change from purple to colorless | 4983 | Meets the national standard | 4.05 | 3B |
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the wear-resistant anion ceramic tile is characterized in that the wear-resistant anion ceramic tile comprises the following steps from top to bottom: an anion functional material layer, an adhesive layer and a ceramic matrix; the combination of the matrix layer and the adhesive layer and the negative ion functional material layer is completed through carbonization and hydration maintenance;
according to weight percentage, the raw materials of the ceramic matrix comprise 70-85% of sandstone slag, 5-15% of marble waste and 1-3% of industrial waste alkali; the sandstone slag mainly comes from rock scraps and slurry in the petroleum drilling process, and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45-80% of silicon dioxide, 10-20% of aluminum oxide, 2-12% of ferric oxide, 1-15% of calcium oxide, 1-15% of magnesium oxide, 0-1% of potassium oxide and 0-1% of sodium oxide;
the marble Dan Feidan is derived from residues in the production of marble slabs in quarry or processing factories, wherein the calcium carbonate content is 98-99%;
according to weight percentage, the raw materials of the binder layer comprise 40-80% of limestone waste residue, 20-30% of quartz, 1-2% of sintering auxiliary agent and the balance of water;
the preparation method of the adhesive comprises the following steps: according to the weight portions, 38 to 79 portions of limestone waste residue and 20 to 38 portions of quartz powder are uniformly mixed and then fired to 1200 to 1300 ℃ for heat preservation for 1.5 to 2.5 hours, and the mixture A is obtained after furnace cooling; according to the weight portions, 38 to 79 portions of limestone waste residue, 20 to 38 portions of quartz powder and 1 to 2 portions of sintering aid are uniformly mixed and then fired to 1200 to 1300 ℃ for heat preservation for 1.5 to 2.5 hours, and the mixture B is obtained after furnace cooling; uniformly mixing 15-25 parts of mixture B and 65-75 parts of mixture A according to parts by weight to prepare a binder;
the sintering aid is borax ore waste residue; wherein the borate is a main component, accounting for 60 to 70 parts of the total weight of borax ore waste residue, and the borate is silicate and oxide accounting for 20 to 30 parts;
according to weight percentage, the raw materials of the negative ion functional material layer comprise 40-60% of nano titanium dioxide, 10-20% of bismuth vanadate, 10-30% of bismuth oxide, 20-40% of ethanol, 0.5-1.5% of polyvinyl alcohol and the balance of deionized water;
the industrial waste alkali is waste containing high-concentration alkaline compounds generated in an industrial process, wherein the content of sodium carbonate is 50-60%, and the content of sodium chloride is 5-10%;
the limestone waste residue is derived from waste residue and byproducts generated in the processing process of limestone, and the composition and the content of the limestone waste residue are 50-70% of calcium oxide, 5-20% of silicon oxide, 1-5% of magnesium oxide, 1-3% of aluminum oxide and 0.5-2% of ferric oxide.
2. The method for preparing the wear-resistant anion ceramic tile according to claim 1, comprising the following preparation steps:
grinding sandstone slag and marble Dan Feidan into powder, sieving with a 100-target standard sieve, and adding 1-3% of industrial waste alkali by mass fraction;
step B, ball milling the mixture in the step A for 30min, sintering at a high temperature of 1100-1200 ℃ for 30-60 min to prepare a ceramic matrix, and opening pores on the surface of the ceramic matrix by using a polishing machine to enable the surface porosity to reach 60% -70%;
step C, according to the weight portions, 38 to 79 portions of limestone waste residue and 20 to 38 portions of quartz powder are uniformly mixed and then fired to 1200 to 1300 ℃ for heat preservation for 1.5 to 2.5 hours, and a mixture A is obtained after furnace cooling, wherein the mixture A is mainlyγ-Ca 2 SiO 4 And contains a small amount of Ca 3 SiO 5 、CaAl 2 O 4 And CaFeAlO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to the weight portions, 38 to 79 portions of limestone waste residue, 20 to 38 portions of quartz powder and 1 to 2 portions of sintering aid are uniformly mixed and then fired to 1200 to 1300 ℃ for heat preservation for 1.5 to 2.5 hours, and the mixture is carried out along with a furnaceCooling to obtain a mixture B, wherein the mixture B is mainlyβ-Ca 2 SiO 4 And contains a small amount of Ca 3 SiO 5 、CaAl 2 O 4 And CaFeAlO 4 ；
Step D, evenly mixing 15-25 parts of mixture A and 65-75 parts of mixture B according to parts by weight to prepare a binder;
step E, mixing 40-60 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 10-20 parts of bismuth vanadate and 10-30 parts of bismuth oxide according to parts by weight, adding 20-40 parts of ethanol and 0.5-1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and preparing an anion functional material aqueous slurry by ultrasonic treatment for 20-40 min;
and F, coating a binder and an anion functional material on the ceramic matrix, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of: spraying the binder onto the ceramic substrate using an electrostatic spraying process; after spraying the adhesive layer, lightly pressing the adhesive layer by using a leveling plate; completely drying the adhesive layer after compacting, and polishing the surface by using sand paper; after polishing, removing dust generated by polishing by using an air gun; uniformly spraying the aqueous slurry of the negative ion functional material on a ceramic matrix by using an electrostatic spraying method;
and G, finishing the combination of the matrix layer and the adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer and the negative ion functional material layer through carbonization and hydration maintenance.
3. The method for preparing the wear-resistant negative ion ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein the technological parameters of the polishing machine in the step B are as follows: the speed is 500-1000 rpm, and the pressure is 2-10 kg.
4. The method for preparing the wear-resistant anion ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein the purity of the raw materials of nano titanium dioxide, bismuth vanadate and bismuth oxide prepared in the step E is required to be more than 99%.
5. The method for preparing the wear-resistant negative ion ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein the electrostatic spraying process parameters in the step F are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 30-80 KV, the spraying pressure is 0.05-0.1 MPa, and the nozzle diameter is 0.5-1 mm.
6. The method for preparing the wear-resistant anion ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the adhesive layer formed after spraying in the step F is 100-200 mu m; the thickness of the negative ion functional material layer is 50-200 mu m.
7. The method for preparing the wear-resistant anion ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein the carbonization and hydration mode in the step G is normal pressure carbonization, and the carbonization time is 1-3 h.
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