CN116338956A

CN116338956A - Head-mounted display system

Info

Publication number: CN116338956A
Application number: CN202211618075.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 伊恩·安德鲁·劳; 斯图尔特·约瑟夫·瓦格纳; 阿伦·塞缪尔·戴维森
Original assignee: Resmed Pty Ltd
Current assignee: Resmed Pty Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-27
Filing date: 2020-10-28
Publication date: 2023-06-27
Also published as: JP2022543914A; CN113874777A; CN113874777B; EP4127816A1; KR20220166378A; KR20220013018A; JP2022188109A; JP7147104B1; KR102476287B1

Abstract

A head mounted display system, comprising: a positioning and stabilising structure constructed and arranged to retain the display unit in an operative position over a user's face in use; and an interface structure for the display unit constructed and arranged to be in opposing relationship to the face of the user. The interface structure includes a substantially continuous face-engaging surface adapted to contact the user's face around the perimeter of the user's eyes. The interface structure comprises silicone. The interface is configured and arranged such that forces applied to the user's face are distributed around its perimeter. The interface structure includes a first compliance at a first region and a second compliance at a second region, wherein the first region and the second region are configured around a perimeter of the interface structure to allow for selective distribution of force onto a user's face.

Description

Head-mounted display system

The present application is a divisional application of patent application with the name of "head mounted display system" with international application number 202080038956.4 (PCT/AU 2020/051158) filed on 25 th 11 th 2021 and with international application number 10 th 28 th 2020.

A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the patent office document or the record, but otherwise reserves any copyright rights whatsoever.

Cross reference to related application 1

The present application claims the benefits of australian provisional application No.2020900953 filed on

month

3 and 27 of 2020, U.S. application No.16/865,480 filed on month 5 and 4 of 2020, U.S. application No.16/865,526 filed on month 5 and 5 of 2020, australian provisional application No.2020901432 filed on month 5 and 6 of 2020, australian provisional application No.2020901437 filed on month 5 and australian provisional application No.2020902514 filed on

month

7 and 20 of 2020, each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Technical Field

The present technology relates generally to head mounted displays, positioning and stabilizing structures, user interface structures and other components for head mounted displays, related head mounted display assemblies and systems, including display units and positioning and stabilizing structures, interface structures and or components and methods. The present technology finds particular application in the use of virtual reality head mounted displays and is described in this context. However, it should be appreciated that the present technology may have broader application and may be used in other head mounted display devices including augmented reality displays.

2 background art

2.2 description of related Art

2.2.1 head-mounted display

It will be appreciated that if any prior art is referred to herein, that reference does not constitute an admission that the prior art forms a part of the common general knowledge in the art, in australia or any other country.

Virtual reality head mounted displays enable users to have a fully immersive experience of the virtual environment and have wide application in such fields as communications, training, medical and surgical practice, engineering and video games.

The virtual reality head mounted display is typically provided as a system or component comprising a display unit arranged to be held in an operative position in front of the face of the user. The display unit typically includes: a housing containing a display; and a user interface structure constructed and arranged to be in opposing relationship with the face of the user, i.e., the user interface structure faces or is placed opposite the face of the user. The user interface structure may extend around the display and define a viewing opening to the display in conjunction with the housing. The user interface structure may engage the face of the user and include padding and/or light seals for user comfort to intercept ambient light from the display. The head mounted display system further includes a positioning and stabilizing structure disposed on the head of the user to maintain the display unit in position.

2.2.1.1 interface Structure

The head mounted display may include a user interface structure. The shape and configuration of the interface structure can have a direct impact on the effectiveness and comfort of the display unit because of its direct contact with the user's face.

The design of the user interface structure presents a number of challenges. The face has a complex three-dimensional shape. The size and shape of the nose and head vary greatly from individual to individual. Since the head includes bone, cartilage and soft tissue, different regions of the face respond differently to mechanical forces.

One type of interface structure extends around the periphery of the display unit and is intended to seal against the face of a user when a force is applied to the user interface, with the interface structure in facing engagement with the face of the user. The interface structure may include a pad made of Polyurethane (PU). With this type of interface structure, there is often a gap between the interface structure and the face, and additional force will be required to force the display unit against the face in order to achieve the desired contact.

The area not occupied by the display unit at all may allow a gap to be formed between the face interface and the face of the user through which unwanted light pollution may enter the display unit. Light pollution can reduce the effectiveness and enjoyment of the user's overall virtual reality experience. Furthermore, previous systems may be difficult to adjust to be applicable to a variety of head sizes. Still further, the display unit and associated positioning and stabilizing structures may often be relatively heavy and may be difficult to clean, which may thus further limit the comfort and usability of the system.

Another type of interface structure incorporates a thin material sheet seal located at a portion of the perimeter of the display unit to provide a seal against the face of the user. As with the previous types of interface structures, if the face does not fit well with the interface structure, additional force may be required to achieve a seal or light may leak into the display unit during use. Furthermore, if the shape of the interface structure does not match the shape of the user, it may crumple or bend during use, resulting in undesired light transmission.

2.2.1.2 positioning and stabilization Structure

In order to maintain the display unit in its correct operating position, the head mounted display system further comprises a positioning and stabilizing structure arranged on the head of the user. In the past, these positioning and stabilizing structures were formed of deployable rigid structures that were typically applied under tension to the head of a user to hold the display unit in its operative position. Such systems tend to apply clamping pressure on the face of the user, which can cause discomfort to the user at the localized pressure points. Moreover, previous systems may be difficult to adjust to achieve a wide range of head sizes. Furthermore, the display unit and associated positioning and stabilizing structures are often heavy and difficult to clean, which further limits the comfort and usability of the system.

Some other head mounted display systems may not be functionally suitable for the present technology. For example, positioning and stabilizing structures designed for decoration and visual aesthetics may not have the structural ability to maintain proper pressure around the face. For example, excessive clamping pressure may cause discomfort to the user, or alternatively, insufficient clamping pressure on the user's face may not effectively seal the display from ambient light.

Some other head mounted display systems may be uncomfortable or impractical for the present technology. For example if the system is used for an extended period of time.

Because of these challenges, some head mounted display systems face one or more of the following problems: abrupt, unsightly, expensive, incompatible, difficult to use, especially when worn for a long period of time or uncomfortable when the user is unfamiliar with the system. The missized positioning and stabilizing structure may result in reduced comfort and thus reduced life cycle.

Thus, the interface portion of the user interface for the full immersion experience of the virtual environment is subjected to forces corresponding to the movements of the user during the experience.

2.2.1.3 materials

Materials for head mounted display assemblies include: dense foam for the contact portion in the interface structure, rigid housing for the housing, and positioning and stabilizing structure formed from a rigid plastic clamping structure. These materials have various disadvantages including inability to allow the skin covered by the material to breathe, inflexibility, difficulty in cleaning, and susceptibility to bacterial accumulation. As a result, products made with such materials may be uncomfortable to wear for extended periods of time, causing skin irritation in some individuals and limiting the application of the product.

Accordingly, there is a need for an improved system that does not suffer from the above-described drawbacks.

3 summary of the invention

An aspect of the present technology relates to a positioning and stabilizing structure for a head mounted display system (or user interface) comprising a rear support structure arranged to contact a rear region of a user's head in use. In some forms, the posterior support structure includes a hoop having an occipital portion and a parietal portion.

The cuff or at least one of its occipital and parietal portions may be elastically extensible along at least a portion of its length. In some forms, the cuff is flexible along at least a portion of its length. In some forms, where the posterior support structure is a hoop, the occiput may extend to the lower portion of the user's head such that it resists upward movement (due to its position in contact with the occiput region of the head) and thereby provides an anchor for the system. In some forms, the cuff is oriented in a generally vertical plane (e.g., a vertical plane including the coronal plane).

In some forms, the rear support structure is disposed behind the user's upper ear base point.

Another aspect of the present technology relates to a positioning and stabilizing structure for a head mounted display system, the positioning and stabilizing structure comprising a back support arranged to contact, in use, a rear region of a user's head and a front support arranged to contact, in use, a front region of the user's head, the back support and front support extending transverse to the sagittal plane. In some forms, the positioning and stabilizing structure further includes an adjustment mechanism to allow adjustment between the back support and the front support.

In some forms, the adjustment mechanism allows for lateral adjustment between the rear support and the front support. In some forms, the adjustment mechanism allows for angular adjustment between the rear support and the front support.

Another aspect of the present technology relates to a positioning and stabilizing structure for a head mounted display system, the positioning and stabilizing structure comprising a rear support portion arranged to contact, in use, a rear region of a user's head and a front support portion arranged to contact, in use, a front region of the user's head, the rear and front support portions extending transverse to the sagittal plane and being laterally offset from one another.

In some forms, the posterior support or occipital support is biased into contact with the occipital region of the user.

Another aspect of the present technology relates to a positioning and stabilization structure for a head mounted display system, comprising: a support arranged to receive, in use, the weight of a display unit of a head mounted display system; and one or more adjustment mechanisms that allow adjustment of the position of the display unit relative to the support.

In some forms, the adjustment of the display unit relative to the support may be angled relative to the user's head and/or in a front-to-rear direction.

Another aspect of the present technology relates to a positioning and stabilizing structure for a head mounted display system that includes an elastic member that is stretchable and rigid, the elastic member being substantially inextensible and elastic.

In some forms, the positioning and stabilising structure further comprises opposed connectors arranged on opposite sides of the user's head and extending in use along the temporal region of the user's head to interconnect the rear support structure or support to the display unit.

In some forms, the connector is rigid along at least a portion of its length. In some forms, each connector includes an arm having a front end connected to the display unit and one of a rear end or support connected to the rear support structure. In some forms, the arm is rigid. In some forms, the rear end of the arm is disposed at or behind the user's on-ear base.

In some forms, the at least one connector further comprises an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the positioning and stabilizing structure to fit different sized heads. In some forms, the adjustment mechanism is provided at a junction between the rear end of the temporal arm and the rear support structure.

In some forms, the positioning and stabilizing structure includes one or more connection tabs connected to the arms of the connector (i.e., connector arms), and the adjustment mechanism allows for adjustment of the effective length of the connection tabs. In some forms, the rear end of the connector arm includes an aperture arranged to receive the connection tab, and the adjustment mechanism includes releasable fastening means to fasten the connection tab to the temporal arm. In some forms, releasable fastening means may be arranged for fastening the free end of the tab back onto the proximal portion of the tab. The releasable fastening means may take other forms, such as clips or retainers that allow friction, interference, snap-fit or other mechanical fastening means.

In some forms, the positioning and stabilizing structure may further comprise a forehead support connector. In some forms, the forehead support connector may extend generally in the sagittal plane and connect the rear support structure or front support to the upper edge region of the display unit. In some forms, the forehead support connector may include a strap. In some forms, the strap of the forehead support connector may extend elastically along at least a portion of its length. In some forms, the strap of the forehead support connector may be flexible along at least a portion of its length.

In some forms, the forehead support connector may further include an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the positioning and stabilizing structure to fit different sized heads. In some forms, the adjustment mechanism may adjust the effective length of the strap of the forehead support connector when the forehead support connector is in that form.

In some forms, the forehead support connector further includes a forehead support rigid member (rigidiser) that provides rigidity to a portion of the forehead support connector. In some forms, the forehead support rigid provides rigidity to the portion of the forehead support connector located along the forehead region of the user's head. Extension and positioning of the forehead support rigid may help to properly position the display unit and relieve pressure applied to the cheekbones of the user. In some forms, the forehead support rigid may be adjustable (angularly or translationally) on (or adapted to be adjustable (angularly or translationally) relative to) other components of the forehead support connector, such as the straps of the forehead support connector, to enable fine positioning of the head-mounted display unit and to facilitate improved user comfort and fit.

In some forms, the positioning and stabilizing structure further includes additional rigid members that can bridge other portions of the structure, such as the rear support structure, front or rear support and/or connector arms. In some forms, these additional rigidifying members may help control the movement of the display unit around the rear support structure to further stabilize and support the system. In some forms, these additional rigid members may limit articulation at the junction of the temporal connector with the rear support structure. In some forms, these additional stiffening members may also extend along the occipital region of the rear support structure to further anchor the display unit in its correct operative position. In some forms, these additional rigid members may be adjustable (angled or translatable) on (or adapted to be adjustable (angled or translatable) relative to) other components of the forehead support connector to further facilitate comfort, adjustability, and fit.

In some forms, the positioning and stabilizing structure may allow for upward (e.g., above) pivotal movement of the display unit to allow the display unit to move to the non-operational position without removing the positioning and stabilizing structure (e.g., flipped up). In some forms, the pivotal movement of the display unit involves a pivoting means comprising a positioning and stabilizing structure. In some forms, the pivoting means may provide a release mechanism at the forehead support connector and/or a limited articulation area at the temporal connector.

Any of the above-described forms of positioning and stabilizing structure may be incorporated into or integrated into or releasably connected to a helmet or other head wear. The positioning and stabilizing structure may also include other components integrated therein, such as audio, tactile (haptic) stimuli or feedback.

Another aspect of the present technology relates to an interface structure of a head mounted display unit constructed and arranged to be in opposing relationship to a user's face.

In some forms, the interface structure includes a face-engaging surface that includes one or more silicone areas, or one or more layers of fabric material or foam.

In some forms, the interface structure may have varying compliance to allow for more selective distribution of force over the face of the user. In some forms, one or more regions of the face-engaging surface may be formed with varying thicknesses and/or varying surface finishes, whereby the resulting face-engaging surface may have a variable compliance therealong when pressed against a user's face in use.

In some forms, the interface structure includes: a face-engaging portion, a support structure that supports the face-engaging portion in place, and a chassis that may be rigid (i.e., a rigid chassis).

Another aspect of the present technology relates to an interface structure for a head mounted display system that extends around a display and defines a viewing opening for the display. In some forms, the interface structure may include a plurality of adjustable face interfaces located on respective ones of a left-hand side and a right-hand side of the interface structure. The adjustable face engagement portions are movable relative to each other.

In some forms, the adjustable face engagement portion is movable relative to the chassis of the interface structure. The interface structure may include an adjustment mechanism, such as a sliding blade (or slidable tab) or a rack and pinion adjustment mechanism, to allow a user to selectively adjust the spacing of the facial engagement portions.

In some forms, the interface structure includes components and/or areas that are removably mounted to the housing of the display unit.

One aspect of the present technology relates to a head mounted display system that includes a positioning and stabilizing structure constructed and arranged to maintain a display unit in an operative position over a user's face. The positioning and stabilizing structure includes a support hoop including a rear support adapted to contact a rear region of a user's head and a front support adapted to contact a front region of the user's head. The posterior support section of the support hoop is adapted to extend in a first plane and the anterior support section of the support hoop is adapted to extend in a second plane, and each of the first plane of the posterior support section and the second plane of the anterior support section is adapted to extend transverse to the sagittal plane. The support hoop includes an offset configuration in which the rear support is offset from the front support such that the first plane of the rear support is arranged in a different plane than the second plane of the front support. In an example, the head mounted display system may further include a display unit.

One aspect of the present technology relates to a positioning and stabilizing structure that maintains a display unit in an operative position over a user's face. The positioning and stabilizing structure includes a support hoop including a rear support adapted to contact a rear region of a user's head and a front support adapted to contact a front region of the user's head. The posterior support section of the support hoop is adapted to extend in a first plane and the anterior support section of the support hoop is adapted to extend in a second plane, and each of the first plane of the posterior support section and the second plane of the anterior support section is adapted to extend transverse to the sagittal plane. The support hoop includes an offset configuration in which the rear support is offset from the front support such that the first plane of the rear support is arranged in a different plane than the second plane of the front support.

One aspect of the present technology relates to a head mounted display system that includes a positioning and stabilizing structure constructed and arranged to maintain a display unit in an operative position over a user's face. The positioning and stabilizing structure includes a support hoop including a rear support adapted to contact a rear region of a user's head and a front support adapted to contact a front region of the user's head. The posterior support section of the support hoop is adapted to extend in a first plane and the anterior support section of the support hoop is adapted to extend in a second plane, each of the first plane of the posterior support section and the second plane of the anterior support section being adapted to extend transverse to the sagittal plane. The rear support and the front support are movable relative to each other in at least an offset configuration in which the rear support is offset from the front support such that the first plane of the rear support is arranged in a different plane than the second plane of the front support. In an example, the head mounted display system may further include a display unit.

In an example, the head mounted display system may further include an adjustment mechanism constructed and arranged to allow selectable adjustment of the rear support relative to the front support. In an example, the adjustment mechanism may be constructed and arranged to allow selectable adjustment between (1) an in-line configuration in which the first plane of the rear support is arranged coplanar with the second plane of the front support, and (2) the at least one offset configuration. In one example, the at least one offset configuration forms a spacing or displacement between the first plane and the second plane, and the adjustment mechanism allows for selectable adjustment of the spacing or displacement. In an example, the adjustment mechanism may allow angular adjustment of an angle formed between a first plane of the rear support and a second plane of the front support. In an example, the rear support may include an elastic strap that is biased into contact with the occipital region of the user. In an example, the posterior support section may be configured and arranged to engage the head of a user along a portion of the occiput. In an example, the anterior support section may be configured and arranged to engage the head of a user along an upper portion of the frontal bone. In an example, the head mounted display system may further include at least one connector constructed and arranged to interconnect the rear support and the front support to the display unit. In an example, the rear support and the front support may generate a moment in the offset configuration configured to counteract or resist a moment caused by the display unit. In an example, the rear support includes an elastic strap biased into contact with a portion of the occiput, the elastic strap generating additional torque to counteract or resist the torque caused by the display unit. In an example, the display unit includes a housing including a display visible to a user when the head mounted display unit is in the operative position, and an interface structure constructed and arranged to be in opposing relation to the face of the user, the user interface structure extending around the display and defining a viewing opening to the display. In an example, the positioning and stabilizing structure may further comprise a pair of central support structures, each of the pair of central support structures being adapted to be positioned around a respective one of the user's ears, and wherein the display unit is rotatably connected to the pair of central support structures to enable rotation of the display unit relative to a frankfurt horizontal plane. In an example, at least one of the front support and the rear support may be rotatable relative to the pair of central support structures.

One aspect of the present technology relates to a positioning and stabilizing structure that maintains a display unit in an operative position over a user's face. The positioning and stabilizing structure includes a support hoop including a rear support adapted to contact a rear region of a user's head and a front support adapted to contact a front region of the user's head. The posterior support section of the support hoop is adapted to extend in a first plane and the anterior support section of the support hoop is adapted to extend in a second plane, and each of the first plane of the posterior support section and the second plane of the anterior support section is adapted to extend transverse to the sagittal plane. The rear support and the front support are movable relative to each other in at least an offset configuration in which the rear support is offset from the front support such that the first plane of the rear support is arranged in a different plane than the second plane of the front support.

In an example, the positioning and stabilizing structure may further include an adjustment mechanism constructed and arranged to permit selective adjustment of the rear support relative to the front support. In an example, the adjustment mechanism may be constructed and arranged to allow selectable adjustment between (1) an in-line configuration in which the first plane of the rear support is arranged coplanar with the second plane of the front support, and (2) the at least one offset configuration. In one example, the at least one offset configuration forms a spacing or displacement between the first plane and the second plane, and the adjustment mechanism allows for selectable adjustment of the spacing or displacement. In an example, the adjustment mechanism may allow angular adjustment of an angle formed between a first plane of the rear support and a second plane of the front support. In an example, the rear support may include an elastic strap that is biased into contact with the occipital region of the user. In an example, the posterior support section may be configured and arranged to engage the head of a user along a portion of the occiput. In an example, the anterior support section may be configured and arranged to engage the head of a user along an upper portion of the frontal bone. In an example, the positioning and stabilizing structure may further include at least one connector constructed and arranged to interconnect the rear support and the front support to the display unit. In an example, the rear support and the front support may generate a moment in the offset configuration configured to counteract or resist a moment caused by the display unit. In an example, a portion of the rear support includes an elastic strap biased into contact with a portion of the occiput, the elastic strap generating additional torque to counteract or resist the torque caused by the display unit. In an example, the positioning and stabilizing structure may further comprise a pair of central support structures, each of the pair of central support structures being adapted to be positioned around a respective one of the user's ears, and wherein the display unit is rotatably connected to the pair of central support structures to enable rotation of the display unit relative to a frankfurt horizontal plane. In an example, at least one of the front support and the rear support may be rotatable relative to the pair of central support structures.

One aspect of the present technology relates to a head mounted display system that includes a positioning and stabilizing structure constructed and arranged to maintain a display unit in an operative position over a user's face in use. The positioning and stabilizing structure includes a support configured and arranged to accommodate the weight of the head mounted display unit. The support portion includes a pair of central support structures, each of which is adapted to be positioned around a respective one of the user's ears. In an example, the display unit is rotatably connected to the pair of central support structures to enable rotation of the display unit relative to the frankfurt horizontal plane. In an example, the head mounted display system may further include a display unit.

One aspect of the present technology relates to a positioning and stabilizing structure that maintains a display unit in an operative position over a user's face. The positioning and stabilizing structure includes a support configured and arranged to accommodate a weight of the display unit. The support portion includes a pair of central support structures, each of which is adapted to be positioned around a respective one of the user's ears. The display unit is rotatably connected to the pair of central support structures to enable rotation of the display unit relative to a frankfurt horizontal plane.

One aspect of the present technology relates to a head mounted display system that includes a positioning and stabilizing structure constructed and arranged to maintain a display unit in an operative position over a user's face in use. The positioning and stabilizing structure includes a rear support adapted to contact a rear region of the user's head and a front support adapted to contact a front region of the user's head. The rear support includes a substantially inextensible and substantially resilient rigid member. The rigid member includes a plurality of slots on at least one side of the rigid member, and the plurality of slots form a plurality of hinges. In an example, the head mounted display system may further include a display unit.

One aspect of the present technology relates to a positioning and stabilizing structure that maintains a display unit in an operative position over a user's face. The positioning and stabilizing structure includes a rear support adapted to contact a rear region of the user's head and a front support adapted to contact a front region of the user's head. The rear support includes a substantially inextensible and substantially resilient rigid member. The rigid member includes a plurality of slots on at least one side of the rigid member, and the plurality of slots form a plurality of hinges.

One aspect of the present technology relates to a head mounted display system, comprising: a positioning and stabilising structure constructed and arranged to retain the display unit in an operative position over a user's face in use; and an interface structure for the display unit constructed and arranged to be in opposing relationship to the face of the user. The interface structure includes a substantially continuous face-engaging surface adapted to contact a user's face around a perimeter of the user's eyes. The interface structure comprises silicone. The interface is configured and arranged such that forces applied to the user's face are distributed around the perimeter thereof. The interface structure includes a first compliance at a first region and a second compliance at a second region, wherein the first region and the second region are configured around a perimeter of the interface structure to allow for selective distribution of the force onto the user's face. In an example, the head mounted display system may further include a display unit.

Another aspect of the present technology relates to an interface structure for a display unit constructed and arranged to be in opposing relationship to a user's face. The interface structure includes a substantially continuous face-engaging surface adapted to contact a user's face around a perimeter of the user's eyes. The interface structure comprises silicone. The interface is configured and arranged such that forces applied to the user's face are distributed around the perimeter thereof. The interface structure includes a first compliance at a first region and a second compliance at a second region, wherein the first region and the second region are configured around a perimeter of the interface structure to allow for selective distribution of the force onto the user's face.

One aspect of the present technology relates to a head mounted display system, comprising: a positioning and stabilising structure constructed and arranged to retain the display unit in an operative position over a user's face in use; and an interface structure for a display unit constructed and arranged to be in opposing relation to a face of a user, the interface structure extending around a display and defining (or forming) a viewing opening of the display, the display being visible to the user when the display unit is in the operative position. The interface structure includes face engagement portions at respective ones of left and right hand sides of the viewing opening, the face engagement portions being constructed and arranged to slidably move relative to one another. In an example, the head mounted display system may further include a display unit.

Another aspect of the present technology relates to an interface structure for a display unit constructed and arranged to be in opposing relationship to a user's face. The interface structure extends around a display and defines (or forms) a viewing opening of the display that is visible to the user when the display unit is in an operative position. The interface structure includes movable face engagement portions at respective ones of left and right hand sides of the viewing opening, the movable face engagement portions being constructed and arranged to slidably move relative to one another.

Another aspect of the present technology relates to a head mounted display system or assembly that includes any of the forms of positioning and stabilizing structures and/or interface structures described above, as well as a display unit connected thereto.

Another aspect of the technology includes a virtual reality display interface or device, the virtual reality display interface including examples of aspects of the head mounted display system described above.

In examples of aspects of the head-mounted display system described above, the display unit includes a display configured to selectively output computer-generated images visible to a user in the operational position.

In an example of an aspect of the head-mounted display system described above, the display unit includes a housing.

In some forms, the housing supports the display.

In an example of an aspect of the head mounted display system described above, the display unit comprises an interface structure coupled to the housing and arranged in opposing relation to the face of the user in the operational position.

In some forms, the interface structure at least partially forms a viewing opening configured to at least partially receive the user's face in the operative position.

In some forms, the interface structure is constructed at least partially of an opaque material configured to at least partially block ambient light from reaching the viewing opening in the operating position.

In an example of an aspect of the head mounted display system described above, the display unit includes at least one lens coupled to the housing and disposed within the viewing opening and aligned with the display such that in the operational position.

In some forms, the user may view the display through at least one lens.

In an example of an aspect of the head mounted display system described above, the control system has at least one sensor in communication with the processor.

In some forms, the at least one sensor is configured to measure a parameter and communicate the measured value to the processor.

In some forms, the processor is configured to change the computer-generated image output by the display based on the measurement.

Another aspect of the technology includes an augmented reality display interface or device that includes examples of aspects of the head mounted display system described above.

In examples of aspects of the head-mounted display system described above, the display unit includes a display constructed of a transparent or translucent material and configured to selectively provide a user-viewable computer-generated image.

In some forms, the housing supports the display.

In an example of an aspect of the head mounted display system described above, in the operational position, the positioning and stabilizing structure is configured to support the display unit.

In an example of aspects of the head-mounted display system described above, the display is configured to align with the eyes of the user in the operative position such that the user can view the physical environment at least partially through the display, regardless of the computer-generated image output by the display.

In an example of an aspect of the head mounted display system described above, the head mounted display system further comprises a control system having at least one sensor in communication with the processor.

In some forms, the at least one lens comprises a first lens configured to be aligned with the left eye of the user in the operative position and a second lens configured to be aligned with the right eye of the user in the operative position.

In some forms, the first lens and the second lens are fresnel lenses.

In some forms, the display comprises a binocular display divided into a first section and a second section, the first section aligned with the first lens and the second section aligned with the second lens.

In some forms, a controller has at least one button selectively engageable by a finger of a user, the controller being in communication with the processor and configured to send a signal to the processor when the at least one button is engaged, the processor being configured to change a computer generated image output by the display based on the signal.

Of course, some of these aspects may form sub-aspects of the present technology. Various aspects of the sub-aspects and/or aspects may be combined in various ways and also constitute other aspects or sub-aspects of the present technology.

Other features of the present technology will become apparent from the following detailed description, abstract, drawings, and claims.

Description of the drawings

The present technology is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which:

4.1 facial anatomy

Fig. 1a is a front view of a face with several surface anatomical features identified, including the inner canthus, the arch of the eyebrow, and the cranio-parietal muscles, the upper lip red, the nasal wings, the nasolabial folds, and the corners of the mouth. The left and right sides of the sagittal plane are also shown, as well as the superior, inferior, radially inward and radially outward directions.

Fig. 1b is a side view of a head with several features of the identified surface anatomy, including temporomandibular joint, glabella, nasal bridge point, nasal bridge, zygomatic arch/bone, on-ear attachment points, external occipital protuberance, subtended attachment points, nasal protrusion points, subnasal septum points, nasal wingridge points and temporal muscles. The up-down and front-back directions are also indicated.

Fig. 1c is another side view of the head. The approximate location of the frankfurt level is indicated. Coronal plane is also indicated.

Fig. 1d shows a side view of a skull with a head surface contour and several muscles. The following bones are shown: frontal bone, sphenoid bone, nasal bone, zygomatic bone, maxilla, mandible, parietal bone, temporal bone and occipital bone. The following muscles are shown: small bite muscles and trapezius muscles.

Fig. 1e shows a front-to-outside view of the nose. The following bones are shown: frontal bone, supraorbital foramen, nasal septal cartilage, lateral cartilage, orbital and infraorbital foramen.

4.2 shape of the Structure

Fig. 2a shows a schematic view of a cross section through a structure at point P. The outward normal at point P is indicated. The curvature at this point has a positive sign and a relatively large amplitude when compared to the curvature amplitude shown in fig. 2 b.

Fig. 2b shows a schematic view of a cross section through a structure at a point. The outward normal at the point is indicated. The curvature at the point has a positive sign and a relatively small amplitude when compared to the curvature amplitude shown in fig. 2 a.

Fig. 2c shows a schematic view of a cross section through a structure at a point. The outward normal at the point is indicated. The curvature at the point has a zero value.

Fig. 2d shows a schematic view of a cross section through a structure at a point. The outward normal at the point is indicated. The curvature at the point has a negative sign and a relatively small amplitude when compared to the curvature amplitude shown in fig. 2 e.

Fig. 2e shows a schematic view of a cross section through a structure at a point. The outward normal at the point is indicated. The curvature at the point has a negative sign and a relatively large amplitude when compared to the curvature amplitude shown in fig. 2 d.

Fig. 2f, 2g and 2h show seal forming structures. The outer surface of the pad is indicated in fig. 2 f. The edges of the surface are indicated in fig. 2 g. The path on the surface between points a and B is indicated in fig. 2 g. The straight line distance between a and B is indicated in fig. 2 g. Two saddle regions and one dome region are indicated in fig. 2 h.

Fig. 2i shows the left ear, including the left ear spiral.

Fig. 2j shows a right-hand spiral.

Fig. 2k shows the right ear, including the right ear spiral.

Fig. 2l shows the left hand rule.

Fig. 2m shows the right hand rule.

Fig. 2n shows a surface with a one-dimensional pore structure on the surface. The planar curve illustrated forms the boundary of a one-dimensional hole.

Fig. 2o shows a section through the structure of fig. 2 n. The surface shown defines a two-dimensional aperture in the structure of fig. 2 n.

Fig. 2p shows a perspective view of the structure of fig. 2n, including two-dimensional holes and one-dimensional holes. The surface defining the two-dimensional aperture in the structure of fig. 2n is also shown.

4.3 head mounted display

4.3.1 positioning and stabilization Structure

Fig. 3a to 3c are side, front and top views, respectively, of a positioning and stabilizing structure of a head mounted display system according to a first example of the present technology.

Fig. 3d is a cross-sectional view of the temporal arm of the head mounted display assembly of fig. 3 a-3 c, in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 3e is a cross-sectional view of the temporal arm of the head mounted display assembly of fig. 3 a-3 c, in accordance with another example of the present technique.

Fig. 4a to 4c are side, front and top views, respectively, of a positioning and stabilizing structure of a head mounted display system according to a second example of the present technology.

Fig. 5a to 5c are side, front and top views, respectively, of a positioning and stabilizing structure of a head mounted display system according to a third example of the present technology.

Fig. 6 is a side view of a positioning and stabilizing structure of a head mounted display system in accordance with a fourth example of the present technique.

Fig. 7a to 7c are side, front and top views, respectively, of a head mounted display system according to a variation of the fourth example of the present technology.

Fig. 8 is a top view of a head mounted display assembly in use according to a variation of the fourth example of the present technology.

Fig. 9a and 9b are side views of positioning and stabilizing structures, respectively, of a head mounted display system in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 10 a-10 c are side views of positioning and stabilizing structures of a head mounted display system in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 11a to 11c are schematic side views of positioning and stabilizing structures of a head mounted display system in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 12a and 12b are schematic side views of positioning and stabilizing structures of a head mounted display system in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 12c is a schematic side view of a positioning and stabilizing structure of a head mounted display system, illustrating an adjustable feature in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 13a and 13b are schematic side views of positioning and stabilizing structures comprising forehead support arrangements of a head-mounted display system according to examples of the present technology.

Fig. 14a is a schematic side view of an example positioning and stabilizing structure in accordance with the present technique.

Fig. 14b is a schematic side view of an example positioning and stabilizing structure having a front portion in an example configuration of a first configuration and a second configuration in accordance with the present technology.

Fig. 14c is a schematic side view of an example positioning and stabilizing structure, showing vector positions, in accordance with the present technique.

Fig. 14d is a schematic side view of an example positioning and stabilizing structure having a display unit in an example configuration of a first configuration and a second configuration in accordance with the present technology.

4.3.2 interface Structure

Fig. 15a is a cut-away elevation view through axis A-A of an interface structure in use, with the left hand side showing the position of the interface structure and the right hand side showing the approximate facial area engaged by the interface structure, in accordance with an example of the present technique.

Fig. 15b is a side view of the interface structure of fig. 15a in use.

Fig. 16a, 16b and 16c are side, top and front views, respectively, of an interface structure in use according to a second example of the present technology.

FIG. 17a is a side cross-sectional view through axis B-B of FIG. 16c, showing an example support structure and a face engaging surface in accordance with the present technique.

Fig. 17B is a side cross-sectional view through axis B-B of fig. 16c, showing a support structure and a face engaging surface further comprising a support flange in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 18 is a front top view of an interface structure in use according to a third example of the present technology.

Fig. 19 is a partial front top view of an interface structure in use according to a fourth example of the present technology.

Fig. 20a, 20b, 20c and 20d are perspective views of an interface structure in use according to a fifth example of the present technology.

Fig. 21a is a side cross-sectional view through axis C-C of fig. 20b, showing a face-engaging surface comprising a foam cushion attached directly to an upper portion of a support structure in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 21b is a side cross-sectional view through axis C-C of fig. 20b, showing the face-engaging surface overlaying a foam cushion attached directly to the upper portion of a support structure in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 22 is a rear view of an interface structure in use, in which the width W of the interface structure is adjustable, according to a sixth example of the present technology.

Fig. 23a and 23b are cross-sectional views of an adjustable interface structure in use, as seen from below, at a wider lens width XX and a narrower lens width YY, respectively, in accordance with examples of the present technique. The lens width is measured from the central axis of the first lens (e.g., axis E-E) to the central axis of the second lens (e.g., axis D-D).

Fig. 24 is a rear view of an interface structure in use according to a seventh example of the present technology.

4.3.3 anthropometric data model

Fig. 25a and 25b are anthropometric data models based on the size and clustering of head shape changes in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 26a and 26b are anthropometric data models based on the size of a specified facial region in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 27a and 27b are anthropometric data models based on the dimensions of anthropometric landmarks in accordance with examples of the present technique.

4.3.4 material

Fig. 28 is a cross-sectional view of an example positioning and stabilizing structure in accordance with the present technique.

Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view of a positioning and stabilizing structure in accordance with another example of the present technique.

Fig. 30 is a close-up side view of an engagement structure (e.g., an interface structure or a positioning and stabilizing structure) in use applying pressure to a user's head, where pressure is the force applied to a surface divided by the area over which the force acts, in accordance with an example of the present technology.

Fig. 31 is a close-up side view of an example engagement structure twist T in accordance with the present technique to improve engagement and thus achieve a uniform (or even) distribution of pressure acting on a user's head when the engagement structure is used.

FIG. 32 is a close-up front view of a positioning and stabilizing structure on at least a portion of a user's head (e.g., crown) in accordance with examples of the present technique.

Fig. 33 is a close-up top view of an elastic portion of a positioning and stabilizing structure in the form of a strap in accordance with an example of the present technique.

FIG. 34 is a close-up side view of an example engagement structure that is partially compliant in engaging protrusions of a user's head when in use, in accordance with the present technique.

4.3.5VR and examples of AR head mounted display devices

Fig. 35 is a perspective view of a VR head mounted display device in accordance with examples of the present technology.

Fig. 36 is a schematic diagram of a controller and control system in accordance with an example of the present technology.

Fig. 37 is a perspective view of an AR head mounted display device in accordance with an example of the present technology.

5 detailed description of the preferred embodiments

Before the present technology is described in further detail, it is to be understood that this technology is not limited to particular examples described herein, as such may vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular examples described herein only and is not intended to be limiting.

The following description is provided in connection with various examples that may share one or more common features and/or characteristics. It should be understood that one or more features of any one example may be combined with one or more features of another example or other examples. In addition, in any of the examples, any single feature or combination of features may constitute further examples.

The head mounted display system according to examples of the present technology is constructed and arranged to provide a balanced system, i.e., not overly tighten at any singular point along the user's head and/or face, while providing a substantially complete seal around the user's eyes, i.e., providing or facilitating complete immersion in use of the virtual reality head mounted display. That is, the head mounted display system according to examples of the present technology provides a more uniform fit, structure and arrangement to distribute pressure (e.g., universal and regional load distribution) in a comfortable and stable manner to reduce hot spots or localized stress points.

Furthermore, head mounted display systems in accordance with examples of the present technology include soft and flexible (e.g., elastic) materials (e.g., breathable materials, such as fabric-foam composites) that are constructed and arranged to allow for more conforming to and cushioning against the head of a user to provide comfort. Furthermore, the head mounted display system according to examples of the present technology includes a simple adjustment mechanism to facilitate adjustment on the head of the user and allow a wide range of adaptation.

5.1 head mounted display

5.1.1 positioning and stabilization Structure

In order to maintain the display unit in its correct operating position, the head mounted display system further comprises a positioning and stabilizing structure arranged on the head of the user. A comfortable positioning and stabilizing structure needs to be able to accommodate the load caused by the weight of the display unit in a way that minimizes the discomfort associated with facial marks and prolonged use. There is also a need to allow universal mating without sacrificing comfort, usability, and manufacturing cost. The design criteria may include adjustability over a predetermined range of low-contact simple setup solutions with low-dexterity thresholds. Further considerations include catering to the dynamic environment in which the head mounted display system may be used. As part of the immersion experience of the virtual environment, the user may communicate, i.e., speak, while using the head mounted display system. In this way, the user's mandible or mandible may be moved relative to the other bones of the skull. Furthermore, during use of a head-mounted display system (e.g., a virtual reality display), the entire head may move. For example, the movement may include movement of the user's upper body and in some cases the lower body, and in particular, movement of the head relative to the upper and lower bodies.

Fig. 3a and 3b illustrate a positioning and stabilizing structure 14 for a head mounted display system or assembly 10 in accordance with a first example of the present technique. The head mounted display system 10 includes a head mounted display unit 12 (or display unit 12), and a positioning and stabilizing structure 14 for maintaining the display unit 12 in an operative position over a user's face in use.

The display unit 12 includes a user interface structure 11 constructed and arranged to be in opposing relation to the face of the user, i.e. the user interface structure faces or is placed opposite the face of the user, as shown in fig. 3 c. The user interface structure 11 extends around a display accommodated by the display unit housing 22. The user interface structure 11 may extend around the display and define a viewing opening (i.e., an opening for viewing) to the display. The user interface structure 11 extends around the eyes of the user and may, for example, engage (e.g., light seal) with the face of the user along the nose, cheeks and/or forehead of the user.

In the example of fig. 3 a-3 c, the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 includes a rear support hoop 16 (also referred to as a rear support structure) adapted to contact an area of a user's head (e.g., positionable atop the head of the user) and at least one connector constructed and arranged to interconnect (connect) the rear support hoop 16 with the display unit 12. In the illustrated example, the at least one connector includes opposing temporal connectors 18 disposed on respective sides of the user's head, the opposing temporal connectors 18 interconnecting the rear support hoop 16 with respective rear edge regions 20 of a display unit housing 22 of the display unit 12, and a forehead support connector 24 that extends across the frontal bone of the user to interconnect (or connect) the rear support hoop 16 with an upper edge region 21 of the display unit housing 22. However, it should be appreciated that one or more connectors may be provided to interconnect the rear support hoop 16 with the head mounted display unit 12.

5.1.1.1 temporal connecting piece

Each opposing temporal connector 18 includes a temporal arm 26. Each temporal arm 26 includes a front end 28 and a rear end 30, the front end 28 being mounted to the respective rear edge region 20 of the display unit housing 22, the rear end 30 forming part of a releasable coupling to connect the temporal arm 26 to the rear support hoop 16.

In some forms, each temporal arm 26 includes a rigid member 32, a resilient (e.g., elastomeric and/or fabric) member 34, and a tab 36 disposed at the rear end 30 for connection to the rear support hoop 16. In one example, a portion of each temporal arm 26 is in use in contact with an area of the user's head, such as above the user's ear, near the base point on the ear. In one example, the temporal arm 26 is arranged to extend in use generally along or parallel to the frankfurt horizontal plane (Frankfort Horizontal plane) of the head and above the cheekbones of the user, e.g. above the cheekbones.

The positioning and stabilizing structure 14 has the advantage that it is relatively self-supporting and/or capable of maintaining its shape without being worn. This may allow the user to more intuitively or clearly understand how to use the positioning and stabilizing structure, and may be in contrast to positioning and stabilizing structures that are entirely soft and do not retain shape. In one form, the rigid member provides a self-supporting aspect of the positioning and stabilizing structure.

5.1.1.2 rigid part

In some forms of the technique, such as in the rigid member 32, the rigid member 32 may take the form of stiffening and/or thickening elements. In one form, the rigid member 32 may be enclosed within an elastomeric (e.g., elastomeric and/or fabric) component 34 of each temporal arm 26. For example, fig. 3d shows an example of a resilient member 34 (e.g., elastomer and/or fabric) in the form of a cover configured to enclose the rigid member 32. In an example, the fabric member 34 includes a face contacting side disposed on one side of the rigid member 32 that may provide a soft face contacting surface 35 adapted to contact the face of a user in use. In some alternatives, the rigid member may be stitched or otherwise attached (e.g., overmolded) to the elastic member 34, or the elastic member may be made of a material that may be selectively rigidified by a heat treatment. For example, fig. 3e shows an example of a resilient member 34 (e.g., an elastomer and/or fabric) attached to the face contacting side of the rigid member 32, which may provide a soft face contacting surface 35 adapted to contact the face of a user in use. In one example, the elastic member 34 may comprise a fabric material or fabric-foam composite (e.g., a breathable material, such as a multi-layer construction including an outer fabric layer and an inner foam layer) to provide soft support for the rigid member 32 to cushion against the user's head to optimize comfort. The rigid members 32 may allow each temporal arm 26, or other components connected or formed therewith, to maintain a shape and configuration in use when not worn by the user. Advantageously, maintaining temporal arm 26 in the in-use state prior to use may prevent or limit deformation while the user is wearing the positioning and stabilizing structure and allow the user to quickly adapt or wear display system 10.

In one example, the rigid member 32 may be made of a rigid material, such as

(thermoplastic polyester elastomer). In the example of fig. 3a to 3c, the rigid nature (i.e. non-malleable) of the rigid member 32 of each temporal arm 26 limits the magnitude of elongation or deformation of the temporal arm 26 in use. Advantageously, this configuration enables more efficient (i.e., direct) transmission of tension through temporal arm 26.

In some forms, the positioning and stabilizing structure may be designed, for example, as an "out-of-box" structure and generally into its use configuration or shape. Furthermore, the positioning and stabilizing structure may be arranged to be out of the box for use, e.g. a rigid member may be formed to maintain the shape of some or part of the positioning and stabilizing structure. Advantageously, the orientation of the positioning and stabilizing structure is clear to the user, as the shape of the positioning and stabilizing structure is generally curved, much like the back of the user's head. That is, the positioning and stabilizing structure is generally dome-shaped.

Another aspect of the positioning and stabilizing structure described herein is that the force that directs the display unit 12 into direct contact with the user's face, i.e., the positioning and stabilizing structure, i.e., the force vector, may cause the display unit to apply pressure perpendicular or normal to the user's face.

In the example, the stiffener 32 forms a lever arm (e.g., stiffener arm 32), i.e., a device that pivots about the rear support hoop 16. Advantageously, the rear support hoop 16 may provide an anchor point for the locating and stabilizing structure 14, thus forming a pivot point. The rigid member may be hinged about the anchor point of the rear support hoop 16 to enable the forehead support connector 24 to raise or lower the position of the display unit 12 relative to the nose of the user. Advantageously, this configuration may minimize the magnitude of the clamping pressure to stabilize the display unit 12 on the user's head.

In some forms of the present technique, the rigid member may be curved such that it takes the shape of a crescent, semicircle or part of a crescent.

The stiffener arm 32 may have a generally elongated and planar configuration (see, e.g., fig. 3 a). In other words, the stiffener arms are longer and wider (top-to-bottom direction in the plane of the paper) than they are thick (direction into the plane of the paper). In an example, the thickness and/or width of the stiffener arm 32 may vary along at least a portion of its length, e.g., the stiffener arm 32 may include wider and thinner sections along its length to facilitate connection and load distribution.

While the stiffener arm may be flat as shown in fig. 3 a-5 c, it should be appreciated that the stiffener arm may have a desired spatial configuration (see, e.g., fig. 6 and 7 a-7 c) in the direction into the plane of the paper, particularly to allow improved alignment with the shape of the user's face (e.g., the shape of the side regions of the user's head (see, e.g., fig. 7 a-7 c).

The stiffener arm may have a longitudinal axis, which may be understood as an axis substantially parallel to the plane of the paper, along which the stiffener arm extends (see, for example, the dashed lines in fig. 5a and 7 a).

In some versions of the technology, the rigid member (e.g., rigid member arm 32) is stiffer than the resilient (e.g., elastomeric and/or fabric) member 34 and less stiff than the display unit housing 22. In particular, the stiffener arm and/or the elastic member are such that in combination the stiffener arm imparts shape and increased stiffness to the elastic member in at least one direction or in at least one axis or around at least one axis.

The rigid member 32 is capable of bending or deforming along its length, but resists or prevents the positioning and stabilizing structure from extending along the longitudinal axis of the rigid member (see dashed lines in fig. 5a and 7 a). As shown in fig. 5a and 7a, the longitudinal axis of the rigid member extends along the length of the rigid member (e.g., generally through the center thereof) and may be straight (fig. 5 a) or curved (fig. 7 a). The rigid member may be substantially inextensible and resilient. The rigid member according to the present technology preferably has one or more of the following features: maintaining its shape allows the component to redirect forces, i.e., force vectors, around curves, such as around the cheek, or around the ear, the ability to bend and/or provide structure in certain planes that maintains a predetermined form.

In one form, the rigid member 32 may be flexible or capable of conforming to the head of a user along the longitudinal axis of the rigid member. However, in one form, the rigid member may be configured such that it cannot bend or deform across its width. This makes the positioning and stabilizing structure comfortable while retaining its structural function of anchoring the display in place (e.g., the rigid member is flexible in one direction (onto the user's head) and provides support or bearing in the other direction).

In some forms, the rigid member 32 may have an arcuate shape or a curvature. Bending may be provided in one or more selected regions of the rigid member to allow the rigid member to bend or hinge easily at that region. The bending may be a weakened area to achieve flexibility in the rigid member such that the weakened portion acts as a living hinge. This flexibility is beneficial for accommodating a wide range of user head sizes. The curvature may be positioned to allow portions of the rigid member to flex outwardly toward the user's ear and/or inwardly toward the center of the user's head.

In some forms, the stiffener 32 includes a plurality of slots (e.g., slots on each side of the arm, i.e., on the front and rear sides of the arm), and the plurality of slots form a plurality of hinges along a component, such as the temporal connector 18. The hinge forms a flexible portion in each arm. For example, the hinge allows the arm to articulate and conform to small changes in cheek regions and more evenly distribute the load on the face as the headgear is tensioned when compared to a stiff piece arm without any flexible portions. In some forms, where the rigid member extends elongation in a generally longitudinal direction, the hinge and/or weakened region may extend transverse to the longitudinal direction or may extend in the longitudinal direction to increase the compliance allowed.

In some forms, the slots are generally parallel to one another, are generally uniformly spaced apart from one another, and include similar widths and depths in the thickness of the arms. However, it should be understood that the slots may include other suitable arrangements and configurations to vary the position and flexibility characteristics of the arms, such as the number of slots, the slots on one or both sides (front and/or rear sides) of the arms, the spacing between the slots, the width, the depth, the orientation or angle of the slots on the arms (e.g., the slots are angled relative to one another to provide different orientations of bending). In an example, one or more of the slots may be filled with a flexible material, e.g., a narrow recess or groove formed by the slot may receive the flexible material. In alternative examples, the hinge may be provided by a plurality of flexible sections (e.g., flexible sections formed of flexible or bendable material) separated by rigid sections.

In some forms, the stiffening member 32 may comprise a material that guides or defines the direction or path of stretch of the elastic (e.g., elastomeric and/or fabric) component (i.e., the rear support hoop 16). In other words, the user stretches the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rigid member 32 (see dashed lines in fig. 7 a). Stretching of the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 in the other direction results in rotation of the rigid member relative to the display unit housing 22, which is undesirable. The rigidity of the rigid member biases the rigid member toward its natural, untwisted, undeformed state. To some extent, this makes the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 a self-adjusting head mounted display system. In an example, the rigid member may be biased to a particular size (e.g., a relatively small fit), and the rigid member may be adjusted for the user's head, e.g., by opening or bending outward to scale the head size, thereby conforming to the shape of the user's head and providing support as needed.

In some forms, an elastic (e.g., elastomeric and/or fabric) component may encapsulate the rigid member. For example, the fabric may be over-molded onto one side of the rigid member (see, e.g., fig. 3 e). The rigid member may be encapsulated in a suitable resilient (e.g. elastomeric and/or fabric) material to enhance the comfort and wear resistance of the user (see, for example, figure 3 d). The fabric may be disposed on the user contacting side of the rigid member to provide soft contact with the user's skin.

In some forms, the rigid member may be formed separately from the elastic member and then contain a user contact material (e.g., breath-O-Prene ^TM ) The protective sheath (cover or enclosure) may be wrapped or slid over the rigid member. In alternative embodiments, the rigid member may be made by adhesive, ultrasonic welding, sewing, hook and loop material, and/or stud attachment. In one embodiment, the user contacts the material (i.e., a soft or comfortable material arranged to contact the user's skin in use (e.g., breath-O-Prene ^TM ) On both sides of the rigid member or alternatively may be on only the user contact side of the rigid member to reduce the bulk and cost of the material.

The rigid member may also be formed from an additional layer of material applied to the elastic member, such as silicone, polyurethane, or other adhesive material, which may be applied to the elastic member to strengthen the elastic member. Silicone beads or polymer overmolding may also be used.

The rigid member may have a composite structure composed of two or more materials (rigid or semi-rigid materials). For example, the rigid member may be constructed by thickening or treating the fabric to make it stiffer or to resist stretching of the material. In an example, the fabric may be printed such that ink from the printing limits or reduces the ability of the fabric to stretch. In addition, the fabric may be stitched in selected areas to stiffen it. Moreover, the fabric may be ultrasonically welded in selected areas to stiffen the fabric.

In some alternatives, the rigid member may be constructed from a nonwoven material (e.g., a web) such that it resists stretching in at least one direction. Alternatively, the rigid member may be formed of a woven material, wherein the texture of the material is aligned so that the fabric does not stretch in the cross-machine direction to secure and anchor the positioning and stabilizing structure in use.

In an example, the rigid member may be formed of

And the display unit housing 22 may be formed of polypropylene (PP). PP is a thermoplastic polymer with good fatigue resistance. />

It is desirable to form the stiffening member 32 because such material resists creep. Because these materials cannot be integrally bonded, the display unit housing 22 may be overmolded onto the rigid member 32 to form a secure connection, i.e., the engagement between the front ends 28 of the arms 26 and the rear edge region 20 of the display unit housing 22.

In an alternative form, the stiffener (e.g., stiffener arm) may be made of TPE that provides high elastic properties. For example, dynaflex can be used ^TM TPE compounds or

MD-115. The housing may be made of polypropylene (PP) material. An advantage of the rigid member molded in TPE is that it enables the rigid member and the display unit housing to be permanently connected to each other. In other words, a fusion bond or chemical bond (molecular adhesion) is formed between the two members.

The joint connecting the rigid member to the display unit housing may provide a flexible target point and the joint may be shaped and formed to allow bending in a desired direction and degree. Thus, once the head mounted display system is worn and the temporal arm 26 is stressed by tension from the rear support hoop 16 of the positioning and stabilizing structure 14, the rigidizers 32 may flex at the joints to allow them to maintain the facial frame shape while helping to maintain the temporal arm 26 in a desired position relative to the user's face.

Although the rigid member and the display unit housing have been described as permanently connected to each other, it is contemplated that the rigid member (i.e., the temporal arm) may be detached from the display unit housing, for example, by a mechanical clip (snap fit) assembly. Such an arrangement may provide a modular system with replaceable display units and/or positioning and stabilizing structures.

5.1.1.3 rear support hoop (or support hoop)

The rear support structure or hoop 16 may have the form of a hoop of annular form (similar to the annular form of the rear support hoop 316 shown in figure 7 b) and is arranged to have a three-dimensional profile to fit or conform to the shape of the rear of the user's head, for example the shape of the top of the user's head. In an example, the support hoop provides a hoop-type or ring-like arrangement (e.g., closed loop) that is adapted to enclose or encircle a portion of a user's head therebetween. It should be appreciated that the support hoop is not limited to being annular or circular, for example, the support hoop may be elliptical or partially circular/elliptical or C-shaped. The rear support hoop 16 includes a parietal bone portion or parietal bone strap portion 38 which is adapted in use to be adjacent the parietal bone of the user's head, and an occipital portion or occipital strap portion 40 which is adapted in use to be adjacent the occiput of the user's head. In an example, occiput 40 is preferably arranged in use along a portion of the occiput, for example along a portion of the occiput adjacent or proximal to the junction where the neck muscle attaches to the occiput, and parietal portion 38 is preferably arranged in use behind the coronal plane. In an example, occiput 40 is adapted to be positioned along a portion of the occiput above the junction where the neck muscle is attached to the occiput. The junction may also be referred to as an occipital protuberance (EOP). However, the exact location of occiput 40 on the user's head may vary depending on the size and shape of occiput 40 it is used with, e.g., occiput 40 may be positioned adjacent to the portion of occiput to which the neck muscles are attached, above or below. In an example, occiput 40 may be disposed below or beneath the occiput near the junction where the neck muscles are attached. Such a hoop-like arrangement (e.g., annular or circular or oval or partially circular/oval or C-shaped) of the rear support hoop 16 anchors the locating and stabilizing structure 14 around the rear or rear bulge of the user's head, providing an effective support structure to retain weight (i.e., display unit) at the front of the user's head. The rear support hoop 16 may be formed of an elastic material that may be used to stretch the hoop and hold the rear support hoop 16 securely in place.

In an example, the three-dimensional shape of the rear support hoop may have a generally circular three-dimensional shape adapted to cover the parietal and occiput bones of the user's head in use.

In an example, occiput 40 engages with the occiput to hold occiput 40 and rear support hoop 16 in place and to prevent the locating and stabilizing structure from riding up the back of the user's head. In addition, the parietal bone portion 38 can capture or pass over an upper portion of the user's parietal bone, thereby preventing the locating and stabilizing structure from sliding back down the user's head.

The rear support hoop 16 further includes opposing attachment straps or tabs 42 (see, e.g., fig. 3 a).

In the example, the rear support hoop 16 is oriented in a generally vertical direction, i.e., arranged in a vertical plane generally parallel to the coronal plane. Such means of the rear support hoop 16 properly orients the rear support hoop 16 atop the head of the user to support the lateral (i.e., horizontal) tension applied by the attachment straps 42 and to support the weight of the display unit 12.

The rear support band 16 and the attachment straps 42 may be formed of an elastic and/or fabric material to help conform to the shape of the user's head, for example, the rear support band 16 and the attachment straps 42 provide stretch capability. Moreover, such elastic and/or fabric material behind the user's head may allow for easier lifting of the display unit 12 off the user's face, for example, removing the display unit 12 from the user's eyes to talk to someone while the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 is held on the user's head. For example, the rear support hoop 16 may be a neoprene material, or other fabric-foam composite (e.g., breathable material, e.g., a multi-layer construction including an outer fabric layer and an inner foam layer), or a spacer fabric. Advantageously, the fabric may provide a soft support structure to stabilize the display unit 12 on the user's head and allow the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 to cushion against the user's head to optimize comfort.

The rear support hoop including the portion of the temporal arm 26 may be stretchable. This enables the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 to be stretched, which results in a comfortable (or relatively flat) force-displacement (or extension) profile. In an example, the strain forces may be substantially evenly distributed across the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 when the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 is stretched apart under the load L. Thus, the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 has a relatively flat force (y-axis) distribution with respect to displacement (x-axis), thereby illustrating that the force does not change much when the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 is extended, particularly when compared to prior art structures.

5.1.1.4 adjustable (connecting) bandage

The strap will be understood to be a structure designed to resist tension. In use, the attachment straps 42 are part of the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 under tension. In some forms of the present technique, the connecting straps 42 may be flexible and, for example, non-rigid. One advantage of this aspect is that the connection strap is more comfortable for the user to tighten their head.

As will be described, some straps will exert a spring force due to tension. The straps of the positioning stabilization structure 14 provide a holding force to overcome the effects of gravity on the display unit 12. In this way, the strap may form part of a locating and stabilizing structure to maintain the light sealing position of the display unit on the user's head.

In some forms, the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 provides a retention force as a safety margin to overcome potential effects of damaging forces on the display unit in use, such as movement from the head and body, or accidental interference with the display unit. The strap may be configured to direct a force to draw the interface surface of the display unit 12 into sealing contact with a portion of the user's face in use. In an example, the strap may be configured as a tie.

In the form of fig. 3a to 3c, the attachment straps 42 are adjustable and operate to vary the distance between the rear support hoop 16 and the display unit housing 22 of the display unit 12. Each strap 42 passes in use through an aperture 44 in the sheet 36 of the respective temporal arm 26. The length of each strap 42 passing through the respective tab 36 of temporal connector 18 may be adjusted by pulling more or less (adjusted length, i.e., adjusted) straps 42 through respective eyelets 44. The strap 42 may be fastened to itself after passing through the eyelet 44 in the sheet 36, such as by a hook and loop fastening device, which allows for fine or minor adjustment of the strap for comfort and fit (e.g., tightness). Thus, the distance between the rear support hoop 16 and the display unit housing 22 may be adjusted to accommodate different head sizes. Such an adjustable strap arrangement also allows for adjustment when the display unit 12 is on the user's head, for example, the user may pull on the strap 42 to tighten back.

In an example, the thickness and/or width of the rear support hoop 16 and/or the belt 42 may vary along at least a portion of its length. For example, the rear support hoop 16 may include wider and thinner sections along its length, e.g., adjacent to the wider portion of the strap 42, to facilitate connection to the temporal arm 26 and distribution of load. The band 42 may also be thinner along its free end to facilitate passage through an aperture 44 in the respective temporal arm 26.

In some arrangements, the strap or rigid member provides a compression column arrangement. For example, the rigid member may include a portion having a plurality of holes, and one end of strap 42 may be provided with a stud adapted to be press fit into a selected one of the holes (e.g., over-molded or ultrasonically welded to the strap). The stud and the hole are configured to provide a snap-fit arrangement. In other forms, the strap may be secured to itself by an arrangement of holes and studs.

In some arrangements, an adjustment mechanism is provided for adjusting the distance between the rear support hoop 16 and the display unit housing 22. The rigid member may include apertures to form the straps 42 into a loop, thereby forming a loop of the straps 42. The rigid member may be provided with a push tab that is preloaded or biased by a spring to allow engagement and disengagement of the looped portion of strap 42. The gripping portion may be provided on the opposite side of the aperture from the push plate for the user to stabilize the positioning and stabilizing structure on their face. The grip portion may prevent disassembly of the ring by preventing the ring from being pulled back through the aperture.

In some forms of the present technology, more than one positioning and stabilizing structure 14 is provided with a display unit, each configured to provide a retention force corresponding to a different range of sizes and/or shapes. For example, one form of positioning stabilization structure 14 may be suitable for large size heads, but not for small size heads, while another form of positioning and stabilization structure may be suitable for small size heads, but not for large size heads. In this way, the display unit may be provided with a set of different positioning and stabilizing structures, which are adapted to different size and/or shape ranges. Advantageously, the display unit is versatile and may be better adapted and comfortable.

5.1.1.5 modifications to rear support hoop

5.1.1.5.1 extending rigid member

Fig. 5a to 5c show a support for a head mounted display system or assembly 210 according to a third example of the present technology. In fig. 5 a-5 c, like reference numerals designate similar or identical parts to those of fig. 3 a-3 c, but with 200 added to allow differentiation between examples such as display device 212, positioning and stabilizing structure 214, rear support hoop 216, temporal connector 218, rear edge region 220, display unit housing 222, parietal bone 238, occipital bone 240, connection straps 242, and the like. In a third example, the support for the head mounted display assembly 210 does not include forehead support, i.e., the display unit 212 is supported by the positioning and stabilizing structure 214 without any forehead support connectors or forehead support straps.

Fig. 6 illustrates a support for a head mounted display system or assembly 310 in accordance with a fourth example of the present technique. In the fourth example shown in fig. 6, like reference numerals designate similar or identical parts to those of fig. 3 a-3 c, but with 300 added to allow differentiation between examples such as display device 312, positioning and stabilizing structure 314, rear support hoop 316, temporal connector 318, display unit housing 322, forehead support connector 324, temporal arm 326, stiffener 332, parietal bone portion 338, occipital portion 340, forehead support strap 348, and the like. In a fourth example, a support for head mounted display system 310 includes opposing temporal connectors 318, each temporal connector 318 having a temporal arm 326, temporal arm 326 having an extending rigid member 358. Each extending rigid member 358 may extend from the respective temporal arm 326 to the rear support hoop 316 to enhance support of the display unit 312 in use. Each extending rigid member 358 may extend along a portion of the rear support hoop 316 and may extend into one or both of the parietal portion 338 and the occipital portion 340. For example, each extending rigid member 358 may include a Y-shape as shown in fig. 6 that extends into the parietal portion 338 and occipital portion 340. Alternatively, each extending rigid member 358 may extend into only one of the parietal portion 338 and the occipital portion 340, such as along only the occipital portion 340, as shown in fig. 7a discussed below. In the example of fig. 6, the parietal and occipital portions of the extension arm of the rigid member 358 are provided along parietal and

occipital portions

338 and 340 of the rear support hoop 316, the parietal and

occipital portions

338 and 340 of the rear support hoop 316 being positioned proximate the parietal and occipital bones of the user's head to support the respective portions of the rear support hoop 316.

The extended rigid member 358 increases the length of the temporal connector 318, thereby increasing the lever arm moment generated about the rear support hoop 316. In use, the larger lever arm extends the moment of inertia further behind the head of the user when compared to the first and second examples. Advantageously, this may provide better comfort to the user by reducing the tension applied to forehead support connector 324 to support display unit 312.

In addition, the extension arms of the rigid member 358 may provide a more uniform pressure distribution over the user's head under the weight of the display unit 312 and any clamping forces exerted by the tension forces induced in the positioning and stabilizing structure 314.

The extension arms of the rigid members 358 may help prevent the rear support band 316 of the positioning and stabilizing structure 314 from moving vertically upward, i.e., traversing upward, on the user's head when tightening the forehead support connector 324. The extension arm of the rigid member 358 may more effectively secure the occiput 340 of the rear support hoop 316 under the corresponding occiput of the user's head (e.g., along the occiput adjacent the junction where the neck muscle attaches to the occiput).

In other words, the occiput 340 of the extending rigid member 358 engages the occiput to hold the occiput 40 and the rear support hoop 16 in place during use. In addition, in use, the top bone portion 338 of the extending rigid member 358 may capture or pass over an upper portion of the user's top bone to prevent the locating and stabilizing structure from sliding back down the user's head during use.

In an embodiment, each of the parietal portion 338 and occipital portion 340 may have different elastic characteristics to provide increased stability to the positioning and stabilizing structure on the user's face in use.

In an example, the top bone portion 338 may be constructed of an extensible material to allow for adjustment of positioning and stabilizing structures during use. For example, the parietal bone portion 338 may be made of an elastic material. The extensibility provided by the elastic parietal bone portion may allow a more user-friendly range. In addition, occipital portion 340 may be made of a material having a lower ductility than parietal portion 338. That is, occiput 340 may be constructed of a material that has less stretch for a given force than the material used for parietal portion 338. This is to secure the positioning and stabilizing structure in place while allowing some adjustment of the display unit position on the user's face.

5.1.1.5.2 offset extending rigid member

Fig. 7a to 7c show a variant of the fourth example of fig. 6. In this example, each temporal arm 326 includes an offset extending rigid member 360. Each offset extending stiffener 360 may extend from the respective temporal arm 326 to the occiput 340 of the rear support cuff 316, i.e., substantially in the form of a J-shape, to enhance support of the display unit 312 in use.

The offset extending rigid member 360 extends along a portion of the occiput, for example along a portion of the occiput adjacent the junction where the neck muscle attaches to the occiput, to reliably anchor the positioning and stabilizing structure 314, thereby supporting the display unit 312 over the nose and cheek of the user.

As best shown in fig. 7a and 7c, intermediate and

temporal adjustment mechanisms

362, 364 may be provided to temporal arm 326 and offset extending rigid member 360. The intermediate adjustment mechanism 362 may be adapted to connect the first offset extending rigid member 360 to the second offset extending rigid member 360 such that the intermediate adjustment mechanism 362 is located between the first and second intermediate adjustment mechanisms 362. The intermediate adjustment mechanism 362 may have an adjustable length to control the distance between the opposing arms of the stiffener 360. An intermediate adjustment mechanism 362 may be mounted between the opposing arms of the offset extending rigid member 360 about the intermediate region of the occiput. In one example, the intermediate adjustment mechanism 362 may be in the form of a strap that passes through opposing holes 363 in respective rear ends 368 of opposing arms of the offset elongate rigid member 360 (see fig. 7 b). The distance between the opposing arms of the stiffener 360 may be controlled by pulling more or less tape 362 through the aperture 363.

A temporal adjustment mechanism 364 may be provided on each temporal arm 326 along the temporal region of the user's head. Temporal adjustment mechanism 364 may be adjustable and operate to vary the distance between offset extended stiffener 360 and display unit housing 322.

The offset extending rigid member 360 may be formed from a flat piece and then bent or deformed into a shape suitable for use. For example, the stiffener 360 may be die cut from a sheet of material.

5.1.1.6 adjustable support hoop and offset arrangement

Fig. 9 a-10 c illustrate a positioning and stabilizing structure 514 for a head mounted display system 510 in accordance with another example of the present technique. The head mounted display system 510 includes a display unit 512, and the positioning and stabilizing structure 514 is configured to hold the display unit 512 in place on the user's face.

The positioning and stabilizing structure 514 includes: a support band 516 positionable between frontal and temporal bones of a user's head; and opposing connectors 518 disposed on respective sides of the user's head interconnecting the support hoops 516 to respective rear edge regions 520 of the display unit housing 522. In the example shown, when in use, the connector 518 is connected to a portion of the support hoop 516 at a location closer to the mid-coronal plane than to the anterior coronal plane of the head.

Each connector 518 includes an arm 526 having a front end 528 that mounts to the rear edge region 520 of the display unit housing 522 and a rear end 530 that forms a portion of a link 564 to connect the arm 526 to the support collar 516.

The support band 516 may have a three-dimensional contour curve to fit or conform to the shape of the user's head. The support hoop 516 includes a front portion 538 (also referred to as a front support or front support) and an occipital portion 540 (also referred to as a back support or rear support), the front portion 538 being arranged to lie generally on or between the frontal or parietal bones (e.g., to contact a front region of the user's head), the occipital portion 540 being arranged to lie generally on or between the occipital and parietal bones (e.g., to contact a rear region of the user's head). Occiput 540 is preferably arranged along a portion of the occiput (e.g., along a portion of the occiput adjacent to the junction where the neck muscle attaches to the occiput), and forehead 538 is preferably arranged to extend through the on-ear attachment point in front of the coronal plane. In the example shown, the anterior portion 538 and occiput 540 extend transverse to the sagittal plane. For example, as shown in fig. 10 a-10 c, the anterior or anterior support portion 538 of the support hoop 516 is adapted to extend in a plane 539 or lie in a plane 539, and the occipital or posterior support portion 540 of the support hoop 516 is adapted to extend in a plane 549 or lie in a plane 549, and each of the plane 539 and plane 549 is adapted to extend transverse to the sagittal plane. In an example, plane 549 may be referred to as a first plane and plane 539 may be referred to as a second plane, merely to distinguish

planes

549, 539. That is, although the terms "first" and "second" may be used, they are not intended to represent any order, unless otherwise indicated, but rather are simply used to distinguish between different elements, such as planes.

The front portion 538 and occiput 540 may be rigid components and include an adjustment mechanism 562. In particular, the rigid components of the anterior and occiput may be any of the forms of rigid members or rigid member arms described previously. In an example, the front portion 538 and/or the occiput 540 may include a plurality of slots (e.g., on one or both sides of the front portion 538 and/or the occiput 540) that form a plurality of hinges along the component, see, for example, slots 543 in the occiput in fig. 9a and 9 b. The hinge forms a flexible portion in the front portion 538 and/or the occiput 540. The hinge allows the front portion 538 and/or occipital portion 540 to articulate and accommodate small changes in the user's head and more evenly distribute the load on the head.

In some forms, adjustment mechanism 562 can be disposed on one or both of the stiffener arms, and/or at the connection point between front portion 538 and occiput 540. The adjustment mechanism 562 can be adjustable and operate to move the front portion 538 and the occiput 540 relative to each other. In some forms, the adjustment mechanism 562 may be adjustable and operate to vary the distance between the front portion 538 and the occiput 540 (e.g., the distance or displacement 545 (e.g., offset) between the front portion 538 and the

planes

539, 549 of the occiput 540), as shown in fig. 10 b. In some forms, adjustment mechanism 562 can be adjustable and operable to change the angle between front portion 538 and occiput 540.

In some forms, the front portion 538 and occipital portion 540 may be hinged about the adjustment mechanism 562 of the support hoop 516 such that the front portion 538 can be rotated forward or rearward, for example, relative to the coronal plane, and the occipital portion 540 can be raised or lowered relative to the frankfurt level.

In some forms, the anterior portion 538 and the occiput 540 may be hinged to adjust the distance between the anterior portion 538 and the occiput 540. In some forms, adjustment mechanism 562 can include a sliding assembly wherein at least one anterior or occipital portion can slide between an in-line position and at least one offset position. In the in-line position, the anterior portion is coplanar with the occiput. In at least one offset position, the anterior portion is in an offset plane (i.e., non-coplanar) of the occiput. The offset plane may or may not be parallel to the plane of the occiput.

The adjustment mechanism 562 further can include a guide 566 for guiding one of the anterior or occipital portions as they move relative to each other between the in-line and offset positions. The guide 566 may take the form of an elongated slot disposed in either the anterior portion or the occiput, and a corresponding guide pin disposed in the other of the anterior portion or the occiput. The guides 566 enable movement of the corresponding guide pins within the elongated slots for sliding adjustment.

In some forms, the guide 566 provides cam and sliding movement to the anterior and occiput. The guides may take the form of in-line, arcuate slots, or other variations to introduce additional motion between the anterior and occiput. Furthermore, the guides 566 may be arranged at a particular angle relative to the frankfurt level in order to adjust the movement behavior of the anterior and

occiput

538, 540.

The adjustment mechanism 562 enables the anterior and

occipital portions

538, 540 of the hoop 516 to be configured to be parallel and coplanar with each other, parallel and offset from each other, any one or combination of angled with each other and angled with the temporal arm. The advantages of some of the above combinations are described below.

Referring to fig. 10a, an in-line configuration is shown in which the front portion 538 is disposed in the same plane as the occiput 540, as indicated by the dashed line, i.e., the plane 539 formed by the front portion 538 of the cuff 516 is coplanar with the plane 549 formed by the occiput 540 of the cuff 516. The anterior and occiput may be moved relative to each other, e.g., from an in-line configuration to one or more offset positions, e.g., where the

planes

539, 549 are not coplanar. Referring to fig. 10b and 10c, an offset structure is shown in which the front portion 538 has been offset into a plane that is different from but parallel to the plane of the occiput 540. As shown in fig. 10b and 10c, the front portion 538 may be more or less offset from the spacing, distance or displacement 545 between the occiput 540 (e.g., offset configuration forming a plane 549 (e.g., a first plane) and a plane 539 (e.g., a second plane), and the adjustment mechanism allows for selective adjustment of the spacing or displacement, i.e., in fig. 10b and 10c, the plane 539 formed by the front portion 538 of the cuff 516 is offset or non-coplanar with the plane 549 formed by the occiput 540 of the cuff 516. In an example, the offset

planes

539, 540 may be substantially parallel to one another, but spaced apart by the displacement 545 such that the plane 539 is not in line with the plane 549 (i.e., substantially parallel but non-coplanar). In an alternative example, as shown in fig. 10c, the offset planes 539 may be non-parallel, i.e., the planes 539 are arranged at an angle to the plane 549.

In some forms, the anterior portion and occiput are constrained in a parallel configuration to each other, i.e., the portions cannot rotate out of the parallel configuration. Examples of such configurations are shown in fig. 10b and 10 c. Fig. 11a and 11b show the respective schematic diagrams of fig. 10b and 10c, respectively.

Referring to the schematic representation of fig. 11a, an in-line configuration is shown, i.e., with no offset between the anterior and

occiput

538, 540. In this configuration, the counter-clockwise moment Mw is generated by the weight Fw of the display unit 512 and its horizontal displacement D2 from the pivot point 541 of the display system located at the contact area of the front portion 538 of the support hoop 516 (i.e., mw=fw×d2). Because both the anterior and

occipital portions

538, 540 are aligned, no internal moment is created within the anterior and occipital portions to assist or resist the resistance provided by the positioning and stabilizing structure 514, i.e., no clockwise moment is created by the anterior and occipital portions. By comparison, and referring to fig. 11b, when an offset (i.e., displacement D1) is introduced between the anterior and occipital portions, a corresponding clockwise moment Mt (i.e., mt=ft×d1) is generated in the cuff 516, which helps to resist the moment Mw induced on the system by the display unit 512.

In the parallel and offset configuration of fig. 11b, the spacing introduced between the anterior and occipital portions produces a clockwise moment Mt that counteracts the counter-clockwise moment Mw produced by the display unit 512 on the user's face. Advantageously, such a configuration may balance the applied moment on the system 510, thereby improving the comfort of use when wearing the positioning and stabilizing structure.

Further, as shown in fig. 11a to 11c, the position of the pivot point 541 indicates the length D2 of the moment arm of the moment Mw caused by the display unit 512. However, as this pivot point 541 moves forward on the forehead (under different adjustments of the support collar 516), the surface on which the front portion 538 will be positioned becomes more vertical. While this may reduce the induced moment, it may be desirable to increase the clamping pressure on the support hoops to resist downward sliding of the support hoops 516. Thus, achieving a balance between these competing criteria allows a more optimal solution to be achieved, which contributes to the comfort and fit of the user. In one example, the front portion 538 (e.g., providing the pivot point 541) is configured and arranged to engage the head of the user along an upper portion of the frontal bone or along a portion of the parietal bone (e.g., above the forehead of the user if the head shape is less vertical), which allows for a reduction in force to prevent the positioning and stabilizing structure from sliding down in front of the head of the user under the weight of the display unit 512 when in use. The reduction in force provides improved comfort while stably supporting the display system. In an example (see, e.g., fig. 13 a), a forehead support 25 (e.g., forehead pad) may optionally be provided to the display unit to provide a light load contact point at the forehead of the user, e.g., for increased stability. In this example, the forehead support will apply less force than the front 538, for example, to avoid discomfort at the forehead (e.g., red marks on the skin).

In some other forms, as shown in fig. 11c, the occiput 540 may be independently angled relative to the front 538, in addition to being offset from the front 538. Adjusting the angle of occiput 540 to become more vertically oriented enables occiput 540 to more effectively apply downward loads to the positioning and stabilizing structure. Advantageously, this may more effectively balance the load of the display unit 512, thereby resulting in a more stable positioning and stabilizing structure. In addition, adjusting the angle of occiput 540 may more effectively anchor the occiput to the unique shape of the user, i.e., the user's head. In this example, adjusting the angle of occiput 540 increases the offset between the anterior and occiput (i.e., displacement d1+), which increases the clockwise moment Mt in cuff 516 (i.e., mt=ft×d1+), to more effectively help resist the moment Mw induced on the system by display unit 512.

In some other forms, the front portion 538 may be independently angled (or moved) relative to the occiput 540. Angling the front may allow the center of mass of the head mounted display system to be optimally positioned on the head of the user. Advantageously, controlling the location of the centroid may help balance moment loads on the head mounted display system and thus improve stability of the positioning and stabilizing structure. In use, this may prevent the head mounted display system from sliding down the face of the user.

As shown in the embodiment of fig. 9 a-10 c, occiput 540 may further include an intermediate adjustment mechanism. In some forms, the adjustment mechanism is in the form of an attachment strap 542. For example, as shown in FIG. 10a, strap 542 may be mounted around a rear, mid-region of occiput 540, through opposing apertures 563 in respective rear ends 568 of opposing arms of occiput 540 (similar to strap 362 in FIG. 7 b).

The strap 542 may be formed of an elastic material to assist in conforming to the shape of the user's head. In some forms, the distance between the rear ends 568 may be varied by manual control, i.e., by pulling more or less straps through the holes 563. Both elastic and manual control methods are used to maintain positive pressure on occiput 540, thereby maintaining a positioning and stabilizing structure in use. Advantageously, strap 542 maintains tension in the positioning and stabilizing structure during dynamic loading situations (e.g., a user moving his head and body while operating head mounted display unit 512).

In some forms, the intermediate adjustment mechanism does not support the moment load of the display unit 512. In this form, the front and occipital configuration serves to balance the head mounted display on the user's head, thus eliminating the need for straps 542 to support the moment load applied by display unit 512. In this way, the intermediate adjustment mechanism is decoupled from the supporting load in the positioning and stabilizing structure.

As shown in fig. 12a and 12b, the positive pressure, i.e., preload, applied by strap 542 to the positioning and stabilizing structure holds occiput 540 of support hoop 516 in close proximity to the occiput of the user's head. The load applied by occiput 540 may be small in size enough to counteract the dynamic load applied to the head mounted display when in use, and not apply excessive pressure to the occiput of the user. Tension applied to strap 542 may help prevent the head mounted display from sliding along the user's face during use.

For example, FIG. 12a shows a first example of a preload applied by strap 542. In this configuration, a counter-clockwise moment Mw is generated by the weight vector Fw of the display unit 512 and its horizontal displacement D2 from the pivot point 541 of the display system (i.e., mw=fwxd2), and a clockwise moment Mt is generated in the hoop 516 via the tension vector Ft and the offset between the anterior and occipital portions 538, 540 (i.e., displacement D1) to resist the moment Mw (i.e., mt=ft x D1). Further, by bending occiput 540 inward (by the preload applied by strap 542) an additional force vector Fb is generated, which generates an additional moment Mb (i.e., mb=fb×d3). Thus, the moments Mt and Mb together more effectively help to resist the moment Mw induced on the system by the display unit 512.

Fig. 12b shows a second example of a preload applied by strap 542. In this configuration, a counter-clockwise moment Mw is generated by the weight vector Fw of the display unit 512 and its horizontal displacement D2 from the pivot point 541 of the display system (i.e., mw=fwxd2), and a clockwise moment Mt is generated in the hoop 516 via the tension vector Ft and the offset between the anterior and occipital portions 538, 540 (i.e., displacement D1) to resist the moment Mw (i.e., mt=ft x D1). Further, additional force vector Fb2 is generated by bending occiput 540 outward (by the preload applied by strap 542), which generates additional moment Mb2 (i.e., mb2=fb2×d3). In this example, the moment Mt resists the moments Mw and Mb2 induced on the system.

In some forms, the intermediate adjustment mechanism may include a rigidly constrained resilient portion. For example, a rigidly constrained elastic portion is mounted around the posterior, medial region of occipital portion 540 and passes through opposing holes 563 in each posterior end 568. The length of the rigidly constrained spring may be manually controlled, i.e., adjustable, to increase or decrease the distance between the rear ends 568 and thus adjust the size of the positioning and stabilizing structure to fit heads of different shapes and/or shapes.

The rigidly constrained elastic portion includes an elastic member and a non-elastic member. The two members are joined together whereby the elongation of the elastic member is limited by the length of the inelastic member. In some forms, the elastic member is shorter in length than the inelastic member to allow the elastic member to elongate until the elongate length is equal to the length of the inelastic member. For example, when the rigidly constrained resilient portion is mounted to the positioning and stabilizing structure in use, the user can apply a dynamic load to the head mounted display, e.g., the user jumps and moves around, and the resilient member applies sufficient tension to the user's head to prevent the positioning and stabilizing structure from slipping off. If the user applies excessive dynamic load to the head mounted display, the non-elastic member may prevent occiput 540 from moving away from the user's head, i.e., releasing the fit, and ensure that the head mounted display does not slip off the user's head.

Referring to fig. 12c, the positioning and stabilizing structure 514 may exhibit height adjustment in a manner that provides an intuitive fit and adjustment. In addition, the structure provides response stability that can cater to the dynamic movements of the user. Another feature of the design is that the reaction forces caused by the display unit 512 are accommodated by the anterior and

occiput

538, 540 while still allowing fine independent adjustment of the display unit. In particular, adjustment of the display unit 512 in the anterior and posterior directions controls the contact pressure of the interface structure on the face (e.g., adjustment until the forehead pad provided to the interface structure lightly contacts the face), adjustment in the front portion 538 helps accommodate different head sizes and positions of the display unit 512 in the superior-inferior position (e.g., earphone-type adjustment relative to the ear (e.g., self-leveling contact)), while adjustment of the occiput 540 helps match the position of the contact point and the amount of counter moment generated to help position and stabilize the comfort and load distribution in the structure 514 (e.g., the occiput 540 provides a combination of characteristics such as rigidity for controlling pull direction, compliance for comfort and grip, elasticity for automatically maintaining system fit, and coupling with selectable adjustment).

Referring to fig. 13b, forehead support connector 524 may also include forehead support rigid 556. In some forms, the forehead support rigid may be pre-tensioned to apply a moment load to the positioning and stabilizing structure 514 that urges the display unit housing 522 to rotate inwardly, i.e., rearwardly toward the user's face in use (as indicated by the arrow). Advantageously, the display unit housing 522 is directed to (or toward) the user's face without the positioning and stabilizing structure 514 being pulled tight by the strap 542 to pull the display unit to (or toward) the user's face. The moment load created by the pre-tensioned forehead support rigid 556 acts similarly to the spring load on the display unit 512.

Schematic lines

566 and 568 of fig. 13b illustrate the respective loaded and unloaded conditions applied to the rigid member 556. Under load (line 566), the positioning and stabilizing structure is used on the user's head, wherein the display unit 512 is pushed against the user's face, and the rigid member 556 behaves like a leaf spring, offset from the user's face. In the unloaded or unloaded state (line 568), the rigid member 556 is preloaded to deflect the display unit housing 522 inwardly in preparation for receiving the face of the user.

5.1.1.7 central support structure

Referring to fig. 14 a-14 b, another embodiment of a positioning and stabilizing structure 614 for a head mounted display system 610 is disclosed. The head mounted display system 610 differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 9a to 13b in that the head mounted display system 610 further comprises a central support structure 662, e.g. a hub component, arranged to be positioned around the ear of the user. In the illustrated example, the central support structure 662 may include a central portion or hub of the positioning and stabilizing structure 614 that is connected to the anterior portion 638 and/or the occiput 640.

In an example, the hub member 662 is rotatably coupled to the anterior portion 638 (also referred to as the anterior portion) and/or the occiput 640 (also referred to as the posterior portion). The anterior and occipital portions may be hinged about hub 662 to enable anterior 638 to rotate, e.g., anteriorly or posteriorly relative to the coronal plane, while occipital 640 may be raised or lowered relative to the frankfurt level.

Referring to fig. 14b, examples of two possible configurations of the front 638 relative to the hub 662 are shown. In a first example (shown in solid lines), the front 638 is configured to be positioned near the parietal bone. In a second example (shown in phantom), the front 638 is configured to be positioned near the frontal bone.

In some forms, the anterior portion 638 may be independently angled (or moved) relative to the occiput 640. The front portion may be adjusted to move toward the center of gravity of the display system. In some forms, the occiput may be moved up or down to position and stabilize the structure against the occiput support of the user's head. In some other forms, occiput 640 may include a type of weight (w) that balances display unit 612 (see, e.g., fig. 14a and 14 b).

Referring to fig. 14c, in use, hub 662 may direct the force (i.e., force vector) applied by front 638 and occipital 640 about the user's ear. For example, in some forms, occiput 640 may be hinged about hub 662 to a position offset and parallel to front 638. In this configuration, the force, i.e., vector, applied to occiput 640 may translate around the periphery of hub 662 and through anterior portion 638.

Referring now to fig. 14d, in some forms, the hub member 662 is also rotatably connected to the display unit 612. The display unit may be hinged about the hub 662 to enable the display unit to rotate, i.e., move relative to the frankfurt horizontal plane. For example, the display unit is raised or lowered with respect to the eyes of the user. That is, the positioning and stabilizing structure may allow for upward (e.g., above) pivotal movement of the display unit to allow the display unit to move to the non-operational position without removing the positioning and stabilizing structure (e.g., flipped up). In some forms, the pivoting movement (or pivoting movement) of the display unit involves a pivoting arrangement (or pivoting movement) that includes a positioning and stabilizing structure. In some forms, the pivot arrangement may provide a release mechanism at the forehead support connector (e.g., the release mechanism releasably locks the display unit in the operative (i.e., lowered) and non-operative (i.e., raised) positions) and/or a limited hinge area at the temporary connector (e.g., the limited hinge area may limit the hinge movement of the temporary connector, e.g., at the connection to the display unit).

In some forms, hub component 662 may house some of the weight of display unit 612, creating a pivot axis for head-mounted display system 610 around the user's ear and in the region of the mid-coronal plane. This may relieve the load on the front and facilitate angular adjustment of the display unit 612 about the hub 662.

An example of two possible configurations of the display unit 612 is shown in fig. 14 d. In a first example, the display unit 612 is configured in front of the eyes of the user, i.e., generally parallel to the frankfurt horizontal direction. In a second example, the display unit is shown in a raised position above the eyes of the user, i.e. at an angle relative to the frankfurt horizontal plane. Advantageously, moving the display unit 612 between these two positions enables the user to remove the display unit 612 from their eyes during use (e.g., playing a game) or prior to putting on and taking off the head mounted display system 610.

In some forms, an audio device (a), i.e., headphones (e.g., noise cancellation), may be located on the hub 662 (see fig. 14 b). The audio device a may be configured to releasably engage with the hub 662, for example, around a snap-in feature. In some forms, in use audio device a may be placed on hub 662 to encapsulate a user's ear.

5.1.1.8 material and composite material

In one form of the present technique, the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 includes a strap constructed from a laminate of an elastic (e.g., elastomeric and/or fabric) skin contacting layer, a foam inner layer, and a fabric outer layer. In other words, positioning stabilization structure 14 includes at least one strap 14. In one form, the foam is porous to allow moisture (e.g., sweat) to pass through the strap. In one form, the outer layer of fabric includes loop material to engage with hook material portions, i.e., tab portions 54. In some forms of the technology, the skin contact layer is made of a material that aids in drawing moisture away from the user's face. This helps to maintain comfort if the user sweats while wearing the user interface.

In one form of the present technique, a positioning and stabilizing structure 14 is provided that is configured to have a low profile or cross-sectional thickness to reduce the perceived or actual volume of the device (or display system). In the example, the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 includes at least one strap 14 having a generally rectangular cross-section. In another example, the positioning and stabilizing structure includes at least one strap having a profile with one or more rounded edges to provide greater comfort and reduce the risk of the strap marking or irritating the user.

In some forms, the strap of the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 may be made at least partially of or include at least one synthetic polymer, such as nylon and/or polyurethane (e.g., lycra). Furthermore, the strap may comprise different layers of different materials, for example. The different layers may be welded to each other. In an example, the strap may include different layers of different materials, e.g., an outer layer made of an aesthetically pleasing material and/or an inner layer facing the user's head made of a soft and/or pleasing material. For example, the straps forming the top bone portion of the cuff may be made of inexpensive and/or comfortable material. In another example, referring to fig. 28 and 29, a strap (e.g., strap 14) may include an inner layer 17 of low density polyurethane foam having a thickness of 2.5-4.0 millimeters (mm), and an outer layer 15 configured to surround inner layer 17. The outer layer 15 may be formed from a laminate layer made of nylon, polyester, another similar material that may be manufactured to provide a soft outer surface, or a mixture thereof. The laminate layer may comprise one or more layers. In some forms, the outer layer 15 may be formed from a blend of nylon and polyester. Thus, the choice of strap material may improve the comfort of the strap.

In some forms, the outer layer 15 of the strap of the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 may include an elastic member made of an elastic nylon braid that is formed to slide freely (or longitudinally) over the inner layer 17 that acts as a rigid member (e.g., fig. 28). The rigid member (i.e., inner layer 17) may serve as a frame (or support) for ligature 14 and may be formed of a material such as TPE, which is advantageously both lightweight and provides controlled flexibility.

In an example, the strap may be a single layer component, such as an elastomer/fabric. Alternatively, the strap may be a composite or multi-layer component, such as a fabric and foam composite, or an outer fabric layer and an inner spacer facing. The straps may be made of spandex or a spandex/foam composite, or may be formed of other suitable materials such as 3D spacer fabrics or double knit interlocking fabrics.

The different materials of the strap portion and/or the different layers of the different straps may be selected depending on the particular characteristics/functions/requirements. In an example, the strap of the positioning and stabilizing structure may be BPA-free,

may be used for at least part of the strap.

In some forms, it is desirable that at least one material of the strap for locating and stabilizing the structure be breathable. In another example, the strap may be formed from a breathable neoprene substitute. For example, a neoprene replacement may have inner and outer elastic layers comprising a porous, four-way stretchable fabric. The inner layer is designed to wick moisture away from the skin surface, and the outer layer is designed to engage Collecting and recovering

Hook and loop fabric.

The fabric on the user-contacting side may preferably have the same fabric as the fabric on the non-user-contacting side so that the stretch characteristics of the strap are approximately equal on both sides. Also, it is preferred that the fabric on the user contact side has the same heat shrinkage characteristics as the non-user contact side. This is to prevent the positioning and stabilizing structure from deforming unevenly when handled or exposed to heat or otherwise thermoformed.

The fabric on the user-contacting side may be a different fabric than the non-user-contacting side, such that the fabric on the user-contacting side is more comfortable than the non-user-contacting side.

The strap may be cut from a sheet of material (e.g., flame laminated), or from a roll of narrow elastic (e.g., elastomeric and/or fabric) strap, then thermoformed and ultrasonically welded to create a rounded edge, then ultrasonically welded together. The straps may have a geometry that allows them to nest on the sheet to increase production, for example, the geometry may be substantially linear.

In some forms, the positioning and stabilizing structure may include straps configured as separate elements. In this way, the positioning and stabilizing structure may be constituted by the strap assembly, i.e. the strap assembly. For example, the strap 48 may be connected to the parietal bone portion 38, such as by a welded joint. The individual elements may be bonded together during the manufacturing process. Alternatively, the strap of the positioning and stabilizing structure may be configured as a single piece or made from a single piece. In another example, the strap 48 and the parietal bone portion 38 may be cut from one sheet of material.

Designing the strap members separately may allow for relatively less flexibility in manufacturing the strap members, which may help to improve yield and simpler manufacturing processes. Furthermore, the design of the strap member may allow for less wastage of material when cut from the sheet material, for example due to the generally rectangular shape of the top bone portion strap. Furthermore, manufacturing the strap assembly as a separate component may allow for replacement of materials that are cheaper, more comfortable, and/or have an aesthetically pleasing color.

By using different materials, different strap thicknesses and/or different components, the width of the strap of the positioning and stabilizing structure 14, and thus the footprint, may be additionally reduced. Different materials and/or cheaper materials may be used for some parts or portions of the structure 14, for example with the same support and/or comfort. In an example, the parietal portion of the cuff may have an increased thickness compared to the occipital portion of the cuff. This may increase comfort. In addition, the smaller overall size of the occiput of the cuff may allow the user to bend his head back toward his spine (e.g., in the posterior direction) with additional degrees of freedom of movement.

The joints between adjacent strap portions may be configured as thinned areas or thinned connection portions to facilitate bending. The thinned region may serve as an inflection point or hinge (e.g., a living hinge) to provide increased flexibility when desired. The bending points or hinges may be reinforced using heat-fused seam tape, or a thinner fabric layer with an adhesive backing, or other reinforcing methods.

The hinge feature of such a connection may allow the strap to better conform to the shape of the user's head. A combination of linear and non-linear joints may be used to achieve a desired level of flexibility and bending direction, as well as a desired level of three-dimensional shaping, to form a part composed of a series of parts that are initially of flat material (e.g., fabric or paper). Such shaping may include darting, tucking, gathering, or bending seams.

In some examples, materials having different degrees of flexibility may be combined in an alternating manner to form controlled flexible regions. The components may be stacked one on top of the other and ultrasonically welded together with no space therebetween. The user interface member may be constructed of a soft material, such as a soft fabric.

In an example, forehead support connectors 24 that extend through the frontal bone of the user to connect to the support hoops 16 may be connected together by welding, such as by ultrasonic welding. In an example, portions of forehead support connector 24 and cuff 16 may overlap. These components may be placed in an ultrasonic welding tool.

The advantage of the ultrasonic welding process is that a flush or butt joint does not increase the thickness of the parts at the joint and is visually attractive, unlike a stitch where parts must overlap, and the stitch results in a non-uniform thickness. Even if the edges of two or more components are butted together and stitched without any overlap or substantial overlap to form a stitch, the stitch will create a coarser, hardened and raised joint. Furthermore, flush or butt joints formed by ultrasonic welding may result in a smooth connection, which may reduce skin irritation, abrasion, or facial marks, even when reinforced with seam reinforcing tape. An advantage of using the overlapping ultrasonic welding variant is that multiple components can be connected in a single machine in one operation. Furthermore, the ultrasonic welding process may be designed such that the joint is embodied as a thinned region or thinned portion between the components.

In an embodiment, the strap may be thermoformed and then the edges of the strap may be ultrasonically cut. The thermoformed and ultrasonically cut straps provide rounded edges that provide a significantly reduced facial footprint in use. In addition, the thermoformed and ultrasonically cut edges are softer and less rubbed, which provides a more comfortable feel on the user's face in use, for example around the user's ears.

In another embodiment, at least a portion of the positioning and stabilizing structure may be comprised of a spacer fabric, wherein the edges of the spacer fabric may be ultrasonically welded. This may round the edges of the spacer fabric, thereby reducing facial marks and increasing user comfort.

In embodiments, one or more aspects of the positioning and stabilizing structure may be configured to improve comfort. For example, the rigid member may be relatively thin. In another example, the strap may include a nylon stiffener encapsulated in foam. In such embodiments, the density of the foam may be increased to improve comfort and reduce the chance of feeling the nylon rigidizer. Alternatively, the thickness of the foam may be used to alter the softness or roundness of the strap edge. For example, thicker foam layers are more likely to produce more rounded corners than thinner foam layers. In another embodiment, the foam may start from one thickness and be compressed to another thickness during processing.

In one embodiment, the foam on the user-contacting side may be less dense or have a lower hardness than the foam on the non-user-contacting side. There may also be more than one foam layer and more than one component.

In some alternative embodiments, the rigid member may comprise a semi-rigid molded component over-molded with a soft polymeric material such as TPE, TPU. The polymeric material provides a softer material that contacts the user's face in use. In some forms, the molded part may have a soft touch or a flocked coating.

In certain forms of the present technology, the positioning and stabilizing structure may be formed with a biocompatible material as an outer surface, such as silicone rubber, fabric laminates, and the like. The biocompatible material may be non-toxic and reduce any risk of skin reactions.

In some forms of the present technology, the positioning and stabilizing structure may be formed of a durable material that can withstand everyday use, including repeated disassembly and cleaning.

In some forms, the reduction in the total weight of the head mounted display may be proportional to the reduction in one or more of: (a) number of parts; (b) positioning the stiffness of the stabilizing structure; (c) stiffness of the interface structure; and (d) the ability to adjust features of the head mounted display, such as the ability to adjust, for example, positioning and stabilizing structures or interface structures.

For example, the foam (e.g., polyurethane foam or viscoelastic foam) or foam-like component may be lighter and more compliant than the silicone component. In another example, a spacer fabric comprising a lightweight material such as fabric may be used to bridge portions of the positioning and stabilizing structure to help reduce weight. However, in cases where some stiffness is required, it may be appropriate to use silicone or TPE (e.g., in a frame stiffener).

5.1.1.9 forehead support arrangement

Referring to fig. 3a, the forehead support connector 24 of the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 may be connected to the upper edge region 21 of the display unit housing 22. In some forms, the connector 24 may be connected to the display unit housing 22, for example, around a forehead support 25 (see, e.g., fig. 13 a), which may be adjusted to allow the positioning and stabilizing structure to adapt to the configuration of the user's face.

5.1.1.9.1 forehead support

Referring now to fig. 13a, a forehead support 25 may be connected to the upper edge region 21 of the display unit housing 22 and may be mechanically coupled to the forehead support connector 24 in some forms. The support 25 may include a forehead contact portion 27 adapted to contact the forehead of a user to support and stabilize the load of the display unit 12.

Forehead support 25 may be configured to be substantially straight or may be curved. In the case where the connector (i.e., forehead support 25) is curved, the curvature generally follows the curvature of the user's forehead. While this is the most likely configuration, it is within the scope of the invention to use forehead supports 25 having opposite curvatures, or any combination thereof. Forehead support 25 may be made of a thermoplastic material.

Forehead support 25 may be presented at an angle generally parallel to the forehead of the user to provide improved comfort to the user. Advantageously, this may reduce the likelihood of pressure sores that may be caused by uneven presentation. In use, some user anatomies may require positioning forehead support 25 higher above the forehead. In this case, the presentation angle of the support 25 may be adjusted to suit the user.

Forehead support 25 may be provided with one or more openings. These openings may be suitable for a variety of purposes, including connection points with the housing, connection points with any other support surface, connection points for securing the head mounted display to a user's strap (e.g., forehead support strap 48), and apertures for forehead contact portions (e.g., forehead contact pads (or forehead pads)).

In some forms of forehead support 25, the aperture is designed to receive a forehead pad. The apertures may be arranged around the forehead support 25 in a manner that allows the user to adjust the position of the forehead pad.

The apertures are also designed to allow the user to securely attach the forehead pad to the forehead support 25. In some forms, the apertures are designed to allow a user to securely and reversibly connect the forehead pad to the forehead support 25. In some forms, the forehead pad is adapted to releasably engage with the forehead support 25.

In one form, the forehead pad is generally plate-shaped or disc-shaped. In other forms, the pad may have a concave surface corresponding to a convex portion of the user's forehead in use. Possible shapes for the base of the forehead pad include rectangular and oval.

In one form, the forehead pad may include one or more portions. In an embodiment, two base portions of the forehead pad are provided so as to be located above the left and right eyebrows of the user.

5.1.1.9.2 forehead contact

The forehead contact 27 includes a forehead contact surface 29 that is located on the forehead area of the user in the use position. In some forms, forehead contact 27 may be made of an elastomeric material.

The contact surface 29 may optionally include a raised surface pattern. This pattern reduces the likelihood of suction effects at the surface, thereby reducing blood draw in this area and making the contact portion more comfortable. The raised pattern has the additional benefit of reducing perspiration. In another embodiment, the surface may be sandblasted to improve ventilation and reduce the likelihood of perspiration.

In some forms, the contact surface 29 may have a cut-out to improve the flexibility of the contact. Another advantage of the cut-out is that the contact portion 27 may better accommodate rolling and twisting of the display unit on the user's face during use. Another advantage of cut-outs in the contact portions is that they may reduce the impact of a single pressure point on the forehead, e.g. reduce discomfort.

In some forms, the contact portion comprises a sheath defining a hollow chamber filled with viscous medium such that the wall of the sheath forming the contact surface 29 is substantially subjected to the pressure of the viscous medium on its side facing away from the forehead area of the user. The hollow chamber filled with viscous material may serve as a contact portion between the user and other components of the positioning and stabilizing structure, such as a portion of the support collar, and may also be used in the interface portion.

In some forms, the forehead contact may comprise a material comprising rubber and a flexible plastic. In some embodiments, the contact is composed of cured liquid silicone rubber or silicone of suitable hardness. These examples are merely illustrative and not limiting in any way.

5.1.1.9.3 forehead support connector strap

As depicted in fig. 3 a-3 c, the forehead support connector 24 of the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 includes forehead support straps 48, with the forehead support straps 48 being arranged generally along or parallel to the sagittal plane of the user's head. The strap 48 is adapted to be connected between the upper edge region 21 of the display unit housing 22 and the top bone portion 38 of the rear support hoop 16. In one example, the strap 48 may be non-adjustably connected (e.g., via a welded connection) to the top bone 38, and the strap 48 may be adjustably connected to the display unit housing 22 via an adjustment mechanism 50.

The straps 48 are adjustable to achieve dimensional control of the forehead support connector 24. As shown in fig. 3a and 3c, an end or tab portion 54 of the strap 48 passes through the forehead support hole 52 in the upper edge region 21 of the display unit 12. The strap 48 may be secured to itself after passing through the aperture 52 in the display unit 12, such as by a hook and loop fastening device, which allows for fine or minor adjustment of the strap for comfort and fit (e.g., tightness). In one example, forehead support strap 48 may include a material similar to rear support strap 16 and/or connection strap 42, such as a fabric-foam composite (e.g., a breathable material, such as a multi-layer construction including an outer fabric layer and an inner foam layer).

Forehead support connector 24 supports the weight of display unit 12. The length of the strap 48 between the upper edge region 21 of the display unit 12 and the top bone portion 38 of the hoop 16 may be adjusted by pulling more or less of the strap 48 through the aperture 52. Thus, the straps can be adjusted to raise or lower the position of the display unit 12 relative to the nose of the user, for example, to adjust the angle or raise the display unit 12 relative to the face of the user. Advantageously, such adjustment may move the display unit housing 22 away from the user's nose to relieve pressure perceived on the face, nose, and/or cheeks. Forehead support connector 24 secures display unit 12 in place so that the display unit does not slide down or sideways over the user's head.

In one example, the thickness and/or width of the forehead support strap 48 may vary along at least a portion of its length, e.g., the forehead support strap 48 may include wider and thinner sections along its length to facilitate connection and distribution of loads.

In one example, the adjustment mechanism 50 is positioned so as not to contact the frontal area of the user during use.

In an alternative example, the positioning and stabilizing structure 14 does not include the forehead support connector 24/forehead support strap 48, see for example fig. 5 a-5 c.

Fig. 4a to 4c show a support for a head mounted display system 110 according to a second example of the present technology. In fig. 4 a-4 c, like reference numerals designate similar or identical parts to those of fig. 3 a-3 c, but with the addition of 100 to permit differentiation between examples such as display device 112, positioning and stabilizing structure 114, rear support hoop 116, temporal connector 118, rear edge region 120, display unit housing 122, forehead support connector 124, temporal arm 126, parietal bone 138, occipital 140, connection strap 142, forehead support strap 148, adjustment mechanism 150, forehead support hole 152, end 154, and the like. Referring to fig. 4c, forehead support connector 124 may also include forehead support rigid members 156. The forehead support rigid 156 may provide further stability and support to the display unit 112 over the user's nose and cheeks, i.e., relieve pressure on the user's nose and cheeks. A rigid member 156 may be connected to upper edge region 121 and form at least a portion of forehead support hole 152 to receive an end or tab portion 154 of strap 148 for positioning and stabilizing the dimensional adjustment of structure 114. As shown, forehead support strap 148 is disposed below forehead support rigid 156 for comfort and load distribution.

In some forms, the adjustment mechanism 150 may also include an angle adjustment mechanism for easily lifting the visor from the use position to the stowed position, i.e., the unused position.

In one example, the system may be constructed and arranged to redistribute one or more components from the display unit to the positioning and stabilizing structure, e.g., to redistribute weight from the display unit to the positioning and stabilizing structure. For example, forehead support rigid 156 and/or forehead support strap 148 may be used to at least partially support one or more non-positioned basic electrical components, such as a battery, hard drive storage, to transfer weight from the front of the user's head to a more central location, i.e., to balance the weight of the display unit. In an alternative example, one or more components of the display unit may be supported at least in part by the rear support hoop 116 and/or the temporal connector 118 to redistribute weight.

5.1.2 interface Structure

The user interface may be characterized in part by the design intent of where the interface structure engages the face in use. Some interface structures may be limited to engagement with an area of the user's face that protrudes beyond an arc of curvature of the face-engaging surface of the interface structure. These areas may generally include the forehead and cheekbones of the user. This may cause discomfort to the user at the localized pressure points. Other facial regions may not be engaged at all by the interface structure, or may be engaged only in a negligible manner, possibly insufficient to increase the translational distance of the clamping pressure. These areas may generally include the sides of the user's face, or areas adjacent to and surrounding the user's nose. To the extent there is a mismatch between the shape of the user's face and the interface structure, one or both form a suitable contact or other relationship.

In some embodiments of the present technology, the interface structure may include a single seal-forming element that, in use, covers a portion of each of the nasal ridge region, the frontal bone region, and the left and right infraorbital margin regions of the face. In some embodiments, the interface structure may be designed for mass production. For example, the interface structure may be designed to comfortably fit a variety of different facial shapes and sizes.

Referring to fig. 8, in one form of the present technology, the head mounted display system 410 further comprises an interface structure 411 that provides a facial interface or facial engagement 413 arranged to engage and be in opposing relationship with the face of a user in use. In some forms, interface structure 411 may provide a cushioning function, thereby increasing the overall comfort of the user. In some forms, the face interface 413 may be arranged to at least partially block light from entering the display unit housing 422 in use.

The interface structure 411 extends around a display housed by the display unit housing 422. The interface structure 411 may extend around the display and define a viewing opening of the display. In an example, the face interface 413 extends around the eyes of the user and may engage (e.g., light seal) with the face of the user, for example, along the nose, cheeks, and/or forehead of the user.

The positioning and stabilizing structure 414 may be connected to the display unit housing 422 whereby the interface structure 411 of the present technology remains in an operable position on the face of the user. In some alternatives, the positioning and stabilizing structure 414 may be attached to a portion of the interface structure 411, thereby holding the interface structure 411 of the present technology in an operable position on the face of the user.

Fig. 15a shows a front cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an interface structure 611 in use, wherein the interface structure 611 is otherwise generally formed to be symmetrical on either side of the central axis A-A. The left hand side of the central axis A-A illustrates an example of the interface structure 611 as it may be positioned to engage the face of the user in use generally about the periphery of the user's eyes. The right hand side of the central axis A-A shows an example of the user's face underneath the interface structure 611, showing the area of the face that may be in contact with the interface structure 611 in use. In broad terms, the interface structure 611 may be formed on the cranio-rectus muscle 601, on the region of the user's sphenoid 603, across the outer cheek region 605 between the sphenoid 603 and the left or right zygomatic arch 607, over the zygomatic arch 607, from the zygomatic arch 607 toward the wingspan 619 across the inner cheek region 609, and on the nasal ridge 617 below the nose bridge point of the user to enclose a portion of the user's face therebetween.

The interface structure 611 provides a substantially continuous facial interface or facial engagement surface 613 around the perimeter of the user's eyes, i.e., the facial interface or facial engagement surface 613 is adapted to contact the user's face in the following areas: the upper canthus, the region of the sphenoid bone, spans the outer cheek region between the sphenoid bone and the left or right zygomatic arch, spans the inner cheek region from the zygomatic arch toward the spine above the zygomatic arch, and over the nasal ridge below the nasal bridge point of the user to enclose a portion of the user's face therebetween. That is, the interface structure 611 provides continuous contact (e.g., at least a light seal) around the entire eye of the user to prevent or at least reduce unwanted light ingress. In this regard, the substantially continuous face interface or face-engaging surface 613 may be contoured and/or angled along its perimeter to conform or closely follow the contours/facial contours of the patient's face.

In use, the interface structure 611 may be pressed against the face of the user (e.g., via a positioning and stabilizing structure), and the interface structure 611 is configured and arranged such that compressive forces or loads applied to the face of the user are distributed or spread around its perimeter such that the loads are not concentrated on a minimum number of contact points. In addition, the interface structure 611 includes a varying flexibility around its perimeter configured to allow forces to be selectively distributed over the face of the user. For example, the interface structure may include a first degree of compliance at the first region and a second degree of compliance at the second region, and the first region and the second region are configured around a perimeter of the interface structure to allow for selective distribution of force onto the user's face. This arrangement allows a higher level of pressure to be distributed over more pressure-absorbing areas of the user's face, such as canthus and sphenoid bones.

In some forms of the present technology, a system is provided in which an interface structure is integrally formed with a display unit housing. In some forms of the present technology, such as the embodiments shown in fig. 15b, 16a to 16c, 18, 19 and 20a to 20d, a system is provided in which the interface structure is formed as a separate removable component configured to be integrated with and held by the display unit housing so as to engage and be in opposing relationship with the user's face in use. That is, the display unit housing may provide a common framework configured and arranged to removably retain each of the plurality of interface structures (each corresponding to a different size and/or shape range and/or material type) to allow for variations of interface structures to be exchanged based on fit or user preference.

Referring to fig. 8, when interface structure 411 is formed as a removable component, a plurality of interface structure 411 embodiments may be formed, with each embodiment configured to correspond to a different size and/or shape range. For example, the head mounted display system 410 may include one form of interface structure 411 suitable for large size heads. This may not be suitable for users with smaller sized heads and thus may result in reduced comfort and performance. Interface structure 411 adapted for small-sized heads may not be adapted for large-sized heads and may likewise result in reduced user comfort and performance. Thus, the removable interface structure 411 may be advantageous because it enables a user to customize the head mounted display system 410 and select the interface structure 411 that best suits their personal facial simulation features. In some further embodiments, users may measure their facial simulation features in order to custom design and form the appropriate interface structure 411. Removable interface structure 411 also allows applications such as medical use, where structure 411 may be disposable or may allow separate cleaning to conform to surgery.

Referring to fig. 15b, when the interface structure 611 is formed as a removable component, it may be formed as a chassis 621 comprising a rigid or semi-rigid material, the chassis 621 being configured to facilitate engagement with the display unit housing 622. For example, in some embodiments, the chassis 621 may be formed of a plastic material. The chassis 621 may include one or more engagement elements 623 about its perimeter, the engagement elements 623 configured to detachably mate with corresponding elements disposed on the display unit housing 622. Suitable engagement elements may include one or more of clips, fasteners, magnets, or Velcro (Velcro), provided that the number and location of engagement elements used in any given embodiment are capable of ensuring that the chassis 621 and the display unit housing 622 are fixed relative to each other without allowing significant sliding movement therebetween. For example, as shown in fig. 15a and 15b, the engagement element 623 may be two clips laterally spaced apart from each other so as to be positioned on symmetrically opposite sides of the central axis A-A. A similar engagement element 723 is shown in fig. 16a to 16 c. In some further embodiments, a series of indentations may be formed in the lower part of the chassis in use, in addition to the clips formed in the upper part of the chassis in use. Other combinations of engagement elements are also considered to be within the functional scope of the present technology, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. In some further embodiments, the display unit housing may include a recess that engages the outer periphery of the chassis to provide additional vertical support for the engagement element and further reduce relative movement between the display unit housing and the interface structure.

The chassis 621 serves as a base for the rest of the interface structure 611. In addition, the chassis 621 may provide some rigidity and necessary structure for the interface support structure 615 of the interface structure 611, and also to the facial interface or facial engagement surface 613 through the interface support structure. The chassis 621 may be adhesively bonded to the support structure 615, or in some embodiments mechanically bonded to the support structure 615, wherein the method used to bond the chassis 621 to the support structure 615 depends on the composition of the materials and their specific structure. The chassis 621 is generally laterally bendable across the face of the user. In some embodiments, the curvature may generally correspond to the curvature of the user's face. In some embodiments, such as in fig. 16b, the curvature of the chassis 721 may be relatively small, with the support structure 715 formed to extend therefrom to bridge the distance to the user's face, and thus have varying depths laterally across the user's face. In other words, the support structure 715 may extend to a greater depth in an area adjacent to the sides of the user's face than a lesser depth formed in an area near the central axis A-A of the user's face. In some embodiments, the

chassis

621, 721, 821 may advantageously remain the same size and shape, while the remainder of the

interface structures

611, 711, 811 may be varied to provide a plurality of modular embodiments, or modular embodiments that are tailored to the custom design of the user's personal facial simulation features.

In some embodiments, two or more of the chassis, support structure, and face-engaging surface of the interface structure may be integrally formed as a single component, the single component comprising different thicknesses and finishes thereacross to provide a desired level of rigidity at the chassis or a desired level of cushioning effect at the face-engaging surface. For example, in some such embodiments, the interface structure may be formed from a single silicone body. In alternative embodiments, the interface structure may be integrally formed as a single component from a foam or elastomeric material.

In some embodiments, the chassis 721 may be formed as a separate component from the remainder of the interface structure 711, which is manufactured as a single integrally formed body (see, e.g., fig. 16 a-16 c). For example, in some embodiments, one or more regions of the facial interface or facial engagement surface 713' may be formed together around the perimeter of the interface structure 711' as an inwardly projecting flange-like rim (e.g., a film or flap) extending from the support structure 715' (see, e.g., fig. 17A). Alternatively, in some embodiments, the face engagement surface 713 "may be supported by a spring-like support flange 725" that originates from the support structure 715 "and is substantially hidden below the face engagement surface 713" (see, e.g., fig. 17 b). For example, both support flange 725 "and support structure 715" may be formed of silicone, wherein the material thickness of support flange 725 "is thinner than the material thickness of support structure 715", thereby providing a more compliant but resilient spring-like support for the portion of interface structure 711 "that engages the face of the user. In some embodiments, the face-engaging surface 713 "may be loosely overlying the support flange 725" such that each face-engaging surface may be independently responsive to compressive pressure applied when interacting with a user's face in use. In some embodiments, the covered face-engaging surface 713 "may be joined with a support flange 725" over which the covered face-engaging surfaces overlie, whereby they effectively form a single body that responds consistently to compressive pressure applied in use in interaction with the user's face.

The face engagement surface 713 may include one or more silicone areas, or one or more layers of fabric material or foam. One or more regions of the face-engaging surface 713 may be formed with varying thicknesses and/or varying surface finishes, whereby the resulting face-engaging surface 713 may have variable compliance therealong when pressed against a user's face in use.

Some or all of the face engagement surface 713 may be a region of reduced friction (relative). When silicone is used, this can be achieved by providing a so-called frosted surface. With reduced friction areas, the sealing surface may adhere to the face of the user compared to the case without reduced friction areas. For example, a region of reduced friction may be provided to allow the sides of the user's nose to slide freely along the face engagement surface 713. Likewise, a fabric or foam material having a (relatively) reduced friction outer surface finish may be used to form a portion or all of the face engagement surface 713.

Some or all of the face engagement surface 713 may be a (relatively) high friction region. When silicone is used, this can be achieved by providing a so-called polished surface. With a high friction area, the sealing surface may adhere better to the face of the user than without the reduced friction area, thereby reducing slippage of the display unit housing 722. Likewise, a fabric or foam material having a (relatively) high friction outer surface finish may be used to form a portion or all of the face engagement surface 713.

In some embodiments, one or more different regions of the face-engaging surface 713 may be formed with different finishes or different friction levels in order to optimize the gripping and retaining properties of the face-engaging surface 713 while also improving user comfort (e.g., having one or more regions of a frosted surface and one or more regions of a polished surface). In some embodiments, a combination of two or more materials may be used to form the entire face-engaging surface 713, where different materials may be used in different areas. This can improve the holding force of the display unit housing 722 while also improving the comfort of the user.

In some embodiments, the thermal wicking properties of the face-engaging surface may be improved by using a silicone material, which may improve user comfort.

Referring to fig. 18 and 19, the support structure 715 may be formed to include one or more different regions 715', 715″ having different thicknesses and/or further supported by the addition of stiffening ribs 715' ". In some areas, the support structure may be thinner 715', or generally provide less compression resistance, such as in areas adjacent to the user's cheekbones, and nose. In some other areas, the support structure may be thicker 715", or may generally be configured to provide greater compression resistance, for example, in areas adjacent to the forehead or sphenoid bone of the user. In some embodiments, the thickness of the support structure 715 may be incrementally varied thereon, rather than as distinct regions having a single thickness. In some embodiments, the stiffening ribs 715 '"may be formed as wide regions of thicker material, while in other embodiments, the stiffening ribs 715'" may be formed as tie-like supports made of narrow and/or less compliant material.

The thinner regions of the support structures 715 may provide more compliant yet resilient cushion support for the upper face-engaging surface 713. For example, in some embodiments, the thinner region may be formed from a silicone material having a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm. Conversely, thicker regions of the support structure 715 may provide less compliant, more resistant, and relatively rigid structural support for the upper face-engaging surface 713. For example, in some embodiments, the thicker regions may be formed from a silicone material having a thickness of 1.5-2 mm. By forming the support structure 715 from a plurality of different thicker and thinner regions or a mixture of increasing thickness variations, the load resistance of the support structure 715 may be optimized. Thus, in use, the overall compliance of the interface structure 711 at any given point around the perimeter of the user's face may be a result of the characteristics of the chassis 721, the support structure 715, and the face-engaging surface 713.

In some embodiments, it may be advantageous for the interface structure 711 to balance compliance against elasticity and rigidity in order to disperse the resistance applied by the interface structure 711 when compressed against the user's face in use. Additionally, it may be advantageous to provide an interface structure 711 in which the translational distance of compressive pressure applied when interacting with a user's face in use is dispersed over a more pressure-absorbing region of the user's face, rather than allowing the load to be locally concentrated at a minimum number of contact points. Thus, the overall compliance of the disclosed interface structure 711 may be formed to allow the face engagement surface 713 to be adapted to be molded to the face of a user. This may advantageously reduce the area of the face-engaging surface 713 that is spaced apart from the user's face, or that does not interact sufficiently with the user's face, to help distribute pressure. For example, referring to fig. 15a, the areas of the user's upper cheekbone 601 and sphenoid bone 603 below the temple are able to withstand higher pressure levels, while the areas on either side of the user's cheekbone 607 are able to withstand lower pressure levels. Furthermore, for some areas, it is preferable to receive only relatively light pressure or no pressure at all, for example on the zygomatic arch 607 itself or on the user's nasal ridge 617. In areas that are only or substantially not subjected to light, it is advantageous that the face engagement surface 713 be highly compliant so as to gently interact there, thereby reducing or preventing unwanted light ingress.

In some further embodiments, the interface structure 811 can include a discrete chassis 821, a support structure 815, and a face engagement surface 813 (see, e.g., fig. 20 a-20 d). For example, the face-engaging surface 813 'may be formed as a foam cushion 829' (see, e.g., fig. 21 a) that is directly attached to the upper portion 827 of the support structure 815. An upper portion 827 of the support structure 815 may be formed to extend inwardly from the perimeter of the wall of the support structure 815 as a spring-like flange for supporting the face engagement surface 813' to prevent bending in use.

In some alternative embodiments, the face-engaging surface 813 "covers the foam cushion 829" that is directly attached to the upper portion 827 of the support structure 815 (see, e.g., fig. 21 b) such that the foam cushion 829 "is below the face-engaging surface 813". For example, the silicone or fabric material face engagement surface 813 "may be loosely supported or at least partially bonded to the foam pad 829". In another form, the face-engaging surface 813 "may extend at least partially over the foam cushion 829" or beyond the foam cushion 829 ". The foam cushion 829 "may serve as a spring-like compliant but somewhat resilient cushion support that is hidden under the face-engaging surface 813". In such embodiments, the material that contacts the user's face may be a material that is easier to clean than foam, and thus may improve the hygiene of interface structure 811.

The foam cushion (e.g., foam cushion 829', foam cushion 829 ") may be made of any suitable material, such as one or more of the following example materials, for example: polyethylene, PU, EVA. In some cases, the foam cushion may be a semi-open cell foam, such as a foam made of polyurethane. Semi-open cell foam pads may have limited permeability, for example, permeability characteristics in the range of about 0 to 20 liters/minute. The cross-section through the foam pad may take a substantially triangular or pear-shaped form with a sealing surface that follows the contours of the user's face. The foam used may define the physical characteristics of the overall interface structure 811. The foam may allow the interface structure 811 to accommodate the primary changes and successfully conform to the contours of the user's face. The compliant nature of the foam pad may also provide for micro-regulation and thus may form a comfortable interface layer when interacting with the skin of a user.

In another example of the present technique, the foam pad 829 "may be secured (removably or permanently) to the support structure 815 or, in some further embodiments, directly to the chassis 821. The foam cushion 829 "may be configured to have varying stiffness along different regions thereof in order to increase the comfort of the user.

In some forms of the present technology, the face-engaging surface of the interface structure may include a cushion formed of a semi-compressible material, such as a dense foam (e.g., polyurethane foam or viscoelastic foam) or other similar material, such as rubber, that may be formed to be substantially elastically compressible while resisting compression to some extent. The resulting semi-rigid but resiliently compressible pad may additionally be formed to maintain a curvature having a relatively small radius, thereby providing a "one-size-fit-most" user interface pad.

In some forms of the present technology, the interface structure may be sized within a range of widths and/or shapes so that facial simulation features of a user may be customized. For example, referring to fig. 22, the interface structure 911 may include two adjustable face engagement surfaces 913', each face engagement surface 913' being located on a respective one of the left-hand side and the right-hand side of the interface structure 911. Each adjustable face engagement surface 913' may be slidably movable relative to each other and movable relative to the substantially rigid chassis 920. The overall width W of the interface structure 911 may increase as the adjustable face engagement surfaces 913' slidably move away from each other. The overall width W of the interface structure 911 may decrease as the adjustable face engagement surfaces 913' slidably move toward each other. In some embodiments, the interface structure 911 may also include two static facial engagement surfaces 913″ one straddling the nose region of the user and one straddling the forehead region of the user. Each of the two static face-engaging surfaces 913 "may be formed to have a sufficient length such that a respective distal end 914" of the two static face-engaging surfaces 913 "overlaps a respective distal end 914 'of the adjustable face-engaging surface 913'. In this way, the adjustable and static facial engagement surfaces 913', 913 "may together form a functionally continuous interface structure 911 around the eyes of a user. The resulting interface structure 911 may provide an improved fit for the personal facial simulation features of the user, which may advantageously improve the ability of the interface structure 911 to increase the translational distance of clamping pressure applied to the user's face when securing the positioning and stabilizing structure. This may also improve the comfort of the interface structure 911 and may reduce the instances of localized pressure points. In some further embodiments, the static face-engaging surfaces 913″ may be formed with such a shape and length that they may also shield the interior of the display unit housing 922 from unwanted light ingress. In some further embodiments, the static face-engaging surface 913 "may be formed to have a shape and length such that an air gap is formed between the static face-engaging surface 913" and the adjustable face-engaging surface 913'. This may advantageously improve the breathability and comfort of the head mounted display system 910.

In some embodiments, the adjustable face-engaging surface 913' may be moved relative to the chassis 920 or the display unit housing 922 by adjusting the relative position of the eyepiece 923 within the display unit housing 922 accordingly. For example, referring to fig. 23a and 23b, the relative position of the axis D-D, E-E of the eyepiece 923 through the display unit housing 922 may be adjustable. In some embodiments, adjustment may be made by moving a slidable tab that protrudes outward from the display unit housing 922. Since the spacing between the eyes of a user may be proportional to the width of the head of the user, adjustment of the relative position of the eyepieces 923 may also provide for proper adjustment of the width of the interface structure 911. For example, the relative position of the axis D-D, E-E passing through the eyepiece 923 may be moved from a wider width XX (fig. 23 a) to a narrower width YY (fig. 23 b), thus also decreasing the overall width of the face-engaging surface 913' by a proportionally corresponding distance from the wider width XX ' (fig. 23 a) to the narrower width YY ' (fig. 23 b). Also, the eyepiece 923 may be moved from a narrower width YY (fig. 23 b) to a wider width XX (fig. 23 a) increasing the overall width of the face-engaging surface 913' a proportionally corresponding distance from a narrower width YY ' (fig. 23 b) to a wider width XX ' (fig. 23 a). In some embodiments, the face engaging surface surrounding the nose piece 931 may also be adjustably moved by movement of the relative position of the axes D-D, E-E through the eyepiece. For example, the nose piece 931 may adjustably narrow and be positioned into the space between the eyepieces in the display unit housing 922 when the interface structure 911 is moved to a narrower configuration (e.g., fig. 23 b), or may adjustably draw wider and remove from the space between the eyepieces in the display unit housing 922 when the interface structure 911 is moved to a wider configuration (e.g., fig. 23 a).

In some alternative embodiments, the adjustable face engagement surface may be movable relative to the chassis by a uniquely configured adjustment mechanism, such as a slidable tab or rack and pinion type adjustment mechanism.

The profile of the sides of the nose, including the frontal process above the nasal bone, near the maxilla, and the lateral cartilage, can be highly variable between users. Furthermore, the bridge of the nose may be particularly sensitive when a force is exerted on the bridge of the nose by the interface structure. Furthermore, it may be important to avoid clogging the air passage of the user in use. The interface structure may be formed to avoid applying compressive pressure to the nasal area. Referring to fig. 15a and 15b, the chassis 621 includes a nose bridge 631 that effectively leaves a gap in the otherwise substantially continuous face-engaging surface 613. The nose bridge 631 may be formed to be wider and deeper than the nose of the user in order to avoid one or more of the potential problems described above. In some further embodiments, the nose bridge 631 may be generally saddle-shaped. The nose bridge 631 may be formed as a continuation of the remainder of the face engagement surface 613 or, in some embodiments, the nose bridge 631 may be formed as a discontinuous portion of the face engagement surface 613. In embodiments where the nose bridge 631 is a discontinuous portion, the nose bridge 631 may be formed to be detachable. This may advantageously improve the ease of cleaning the nose bridge 631.

Exemplary nose pieces

731, 831 are also shown in fig. 16a to 16c and fig. 20a to 20 d.

For example, in some embodiments, the face-engaging surface 1013 of the nose piece 1031 provided on the chassis 1021 may be formed of a pliable material that can easily flex elastically inward, such as a flap 1033, to accommodate the nose of a user (see, e.g., fig. 24). In use, the flaps 1033 can be located on the side of the bridge of the nose of the user. In some embodiments, the face-engaging surface 613 of the nose piece 631 may be formed as a loose-material mask that allows the user's nose to enter therein without any significant resistance. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the face-engaging surface 613 of the nose bridge 631 may be formed from a portion of a highly stretchable and extrudable material, such as one or more of a fabric or foam.

Generally, interface structures according to the present technology may be constructed of one or more materials, such as silicone, fabric materials, or foam. For example, in some forms of the present technology, the interface structure may include a viscoelastic polyurethane foam layer. In another example, in some forms of the present technology, the interface structure may include a layer of Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR) over-molded onto a polycarbonate or nylon chassis.

In certain forms of the present technology, the interface structure is constructed of a biocompatible material such as silicone rubber.

In some forms of the present technology, one or more portions of the interface structure may be formed to be substantially opaque. In some further forms of the present technology, one or more portions of the interface structure may be colored matt black. This advantageously reduces unwanted light entering through the interface structure itself.

It should be appreciated that the choice of material may affect the compressibility, compliance, and/or resiliency of the interface structure. For example, different foams having different densities will have correspondingly different compression characteristics. Furthermore, different silicone materials having different thicknesses or flexibilities will have different compression characteristics.

In some forms of the present technology, the interface structure may be constructed of a biocompatible material such as silicone rubber. In some further forms, the face-engaging surface of the interface structure may be removable. For example, the face-engaging surface may be a removable, disposable or washable cover.

The interface structure may have advantages in one or more forms of the present technology. For example, in addition to the advantages described above, the facial structure of a person may include person-to-person variations, which provides challenges when designing a facial engagement surface that may be suitable for many facial variations. These variations may include different shape facial structures (e.g., different shape noses and/or different curved cheeks) and/or different tissue content (e.g., more or less adipose tissue). These variations may result in the interface structure working well for one person but working poorly for another. Moreover, perceived comfort may vary from person to person independent of facial structure.

In some forms of the present technology, the interface structure may also include one or more forehead interface structures. The forehead interface structure may be adapted to engage the forehead of a user over the display unit housing. The forehead interface structure may also be integrated with the positioning and stabilization structure or as a separate area of the interface structure.

Medical applications

The positioning and stabilizing structure and/or the interface structure may suitably comprise a biocompatible material, and in use, the various components of the positioning and stabilizing structure and the interface structure may contact, for example, the skin of a user. The design of the positioning and stabilizing structure and the interface structure to include such materials is intended to protect the user from potential biological risks resulting from the use of the structure.

5.1.2.1 Material biocompatibility

Biocompatible materials are considered to be materials that adequately evaluate their biological response with respect to safety in use, according to the ISO 10993-1 standard. When used, the evaluation considers the nature and duration of the expected contact with human tissue. In certain forms of the present technology, the materials used for the positioning and stabilizing structures as well as the interface structures may be subjected to at least some of the following biocompatibility tests:

cytotoxicity-elution assay (MeM extract): ANSI/AAMI/ISO 10993-5 skin sensitization: ISO 10993-10

Irritation: ISO 10993-10

Genotoxicity-bacterial mutability test: ISO 10993-3

An implant: ISO 10993-6

5.1.2.2 cleaning

In some forms, the positioning and stabilizing structure and interface structure are designed to be used by a single user and cleaned in the user's home, such as washing in soapy water, without the need for special equipment for disinfection and sterilization.

In some other forms, the components of the positioning and stabilizing structure and interface structure are used in laboratories, clinics, and hospitals where a single head mounted display system can be reused across multiple persons or used in medical procedures. In each laboratory, clinic, and hospital, the head mounted display system or its associated components may be reprocessed and exposed to processes such as heat sterilization, chemical sterilization, and disinfection. Thus, it may be desirable to disinfect and sterilize the positioning and stabilizing structure and the design of the interface structure according to ISO 17664.

Materials that can withstand reprocessing may be selected. For example, a sturdy material may be used to position and stabilize the structure to withstand exposure to high levels of sanitizing solutions and agitation with brushes. Furthermore, some components of the positioning and stabilizing structure are separable and may be broken during use to improve reprocessing efficiency.

In another example, the contact portion of the forehead support connector 24 will contact the user's head in use, and thus may become dirty. The contact portion may be designed to be removed from the forehead support connector 24 to provide the ability to remove it for cleaning and/or replacement. It may be desirable to clean the contact portion without wetting the locating and stabilizing structure. This may be facilitated by allowing these components to be disconnected for such purposes. In another example, the rear support hoop may be in contact with the hair or skin of the user when worn. Thus, the rear support hoop is preferably made of a material that is easy to clean, and is further designed to be removed from the locating and stabilizing structure for independent cleaning.

5.1.3 materials

The surface of the interface structure or positioning and stabilizing structure that engages and interacts with the head of the user may be formed with shape and material characteristics that help reduce marks and/or hot spots caused by point loads and pressures on the head of the user. Referring to fig. 30, in some forms, the resulting interface surface 1110 of the engagement structure 1108 may distribute the pressure load P over a larger surface area of the user's head 1120. Thus, the shape and material characteristics of the engagement structure 1108, particularly the interface 1110, may provide improved comfort to the user.

Similarly, in some forms, the geometry of the edges of the interface surface may be shaped to follow a contour that, in combination with the overall shape and material characteristics of the interface surface, helps match the contour of the user's head and thus more effectively distribute the pressure load, thereby improving the comfort of the user. For example, the engagement surface 1110 may have a curved contoured edge 1112 that helps spread the contact load over a larger surface area, thereby reducing the likelihood of the point load creating pressure-induced marks and/or hot spots on the user's head (e.g., fig. 30 and 31).

In general, an increase in surface area may be associated with a decrease in pressure and discomfort perceived by the user, as the force may be distributed over a larger contact area. However, the total surface area of the interface surface needs to be optimized with respect to the overall size, volume and weight of the interface structure, which may adversely affect the user when wearing the head mounted display. For example, if the engagement surface is too large, the user may experience claustrophobia due to increased weight or experience muscle pain in the neck and shoulders.

Furthermore, in some forms, it is important that the interface surface provides comfort to the user based on the general look and feel of the outer surface when touched or worn during use. For example, by reducing sharp edges, even without touching the sharp edges of the user, the user's comfort may be advantageously improved. In another example, it may be advantageous to form the interface outer surface from a non-scratch material, a cool or moisture absorbent (e.g., sweat) capable material, or a material that does not irritate the skin of the user and/or a breathable material.

Thus, the material properties of the interface structure or the interface surface of the positioning and stabilizing structure may affect the overall comfort of the user.

For example, in some forms, it is advantageous to have an engagement structure 1108, such as a strap of a positioning and stabilizing structure, that can flexibly twist T to conform to the contours of the user's head (e.g., fig. 31). The compliance and ability to conform the interface surface to the user's head may increase the total contact surface area, thereby facilitating distribution of tension over a larger contact area and reducing uncomfortable pressure points.

In other forms, the engagement structure may comprise a flexible material, such as a foam or fabric material, wherein the interface surface may more easily conform to and be formed around the curves and contours of the user's head, unlike a thermoplastic material. For example, such material properties may be advantageous for portions of the positioning and stabilizing structure 1114 that intersect around the upper portion of the user's head 1122 (e.g., fig. 32). The portion 1116 of the positioning and stabilizing structure 1114 will not flex sufficiently to engage the upper portion of the user's head 1122 when not in use, and thus may flex resiliently without damaging the positioning and stabilizing structure 1114 to conform to and assist in pressing the pressure load of the user's head.

In some forms, the engagement structure may be elastic, whereby the force distribution may be more evenly distributed over the interface surface. For example, referring to fig. 33, when the straps of the positioning and stabilizing structure 1134 are stretched apart under load L, the strain forces may be substantially evenly distributed over the length of the straps. Thus, the elasticity of the strap has a relatively flat force (y-axis) -displacement (x-axis) curve, indicating that the force does not change much when the engagement structure is extended (or displaced).

In some other forms, discrete regions, sections or portions of the interface structure or positioning and stabilizing structure may be formed to exhibit increased flexibility when compared to the rest of the positioning and stabilizing structure. For example, referring to fig. 34, a region 1144 of the interface structure 1142 is located near a more sensitive region of the user's face (e.g., the bridge of the nose), or near the facial projection 1140 (e.g., the cheek bones), which region may comprise a viscoelastic foam, or similar material that may allow for increased localized compliance.

In some forms, the foam used in the interface structure or positioning and stabilizing structure may be formed to have a density in the range of about 55kg/m 3. In other forms, the density may be in the range of about 50-55kg/m 3. In other forms, the foam density may be in the range of about 55-60kg/m 3. In other forms, the foam density may be in the range of about 45-65kg/m 3. The density may also be higher or lower depending on the exact requirements of the foam. For example, the foam density may vary over the interface structure or positioning and stabilizing structure so as to have localized areas of greater compliance or localized areas of greater rigidity.

5.1.4 anthropometric data model

The geometry of the head mounted display system may be designed with reference to an anthropometric data model. The anthropometric data model may be developed from a collection of three-dimensional head shapes. The anthropometric data model may be used to represent size adjustments and clusters based on head shape changes as shown in fig. 25 a-25 b (e.g., target head geometry with the first three components of change is shown in fig. 25 b), size adjustments based on nominal facial regions as shown in fig. 26 a-26 b (e.g., shape changes in eye/nose regions with the first four components of change are shown in the example of fig. 26 b), and size adjustments based on anthropometric landmarks as shown in fig. 27 a-27 b (e.g., correlation between 2D landmarks, such as relationship between eye position and facial width at eye orbit, as shown in fig. 27 b).

For example, a anthropometric data model may be used to determine the dimensional requirements of the interface structure. These requirements may take into account head shape variations and facial feature variations based on anthropometric landmarks. Furthermore, the relationship between facial landmarks may be derived from the data; for example, the relationship between eye position and face width. Advantageously, the interface structure may be configured to accommodate these variations.

In another example, the anthropometric data model may be used in conjunction with a software application (e.g., a mobile phone application) to compare three-dimensional scans of a user's head and identify their head size. In this example, the user may operate the camera of their mobile phone to produce a three-dimensional scan. The software application may be used to inform the user of the head size compared to the anthropometric data model and recommend appropriate dimensions, such as the dimensions of the positioning and stabilizing structure, to provide the best fit. For example, a medium size may be suggested from a given plurality of size options (e.g., small, medium, or large). Alternatively, custom sized positioning and stabilization structures may be made from the user's three-dimensional scan based on the user's personal facial landmarks.

The head mounted display system described above provides an alternative example of the present technology that is constructed and arranged to enhance comfort, fit range, usability, system architecture, use in a medical environment, and manufacturability.

The head mounted display system according to examples of the present technology provides enhanced comfort while minimizing facial marking and pain for long term use. For example, comfort may be achieved by providing a universal load distribution, wherein the load on all contact surfaces is optimized by avoiding or minimizing the load on areas prone to discomfort and redistributing the load to areas capable of comfortably carrying the load (e.g., avoiding or minimizing the load on the bridge of the nose and sides of the nose and applying or redistributing the load to the top and/or rear of the head). Furthermore, comfort may be achieved by providing a local load distribution, wherein the load is evenly distributed by design and material selection in the facial area where contact is unavoidable, e.g. the contact points around the eyes may comprise a compliant material, which evenly distributes the load and avoids painful spots/facial impressions. Furthermore, comfort can be achieved by minimizing weight, as less weight in the overall system results in less tension in positioning and maintaining the system in the correct configuration. In this regard, the head mounted display system according to examples of the present technology provides the simplest design (e.g., low profile) to achieve a range of fit, comfort, and correct configuration, e.g., optimization of components to minimize the size and number of components, thereby achieving the function and use of strong and lightweight materials.

The head mounted display system according to examples of the present technology provides an enhanced range of fit or universal fit without sacrificing comfort, usability, and cost. For example, the adaptation range may be achieved by providing for the adjustability of the geometry and material selection and adjustment mechanism. The components of the positioning and stabilizing structure are designed and the materials may be selected to provide a desired force to displacement ratio, e.g., the belt may be stretched to a desired length under a predetermined force. The adjustment mechanism provides simplicity in that the positioning and stabilizing structure and associated strap size can be manually adjusted and set, and the component parts can be minimized while maximizing ease of use, e.g., one-hand adjustment of the strap and alternative use of the magnetic clip s for attachment (e.g., easy removal without losing strap arrangement). Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism provides a minimum size and weight, which reduces the volume of the adjustment mechanism with optimal materials and minimum components. Furthermore, an enhanced adaptation range may be achieved by anthropometry, wherein the adjustment range may be designed to adapt to the optimal anthropometric range of the desired market.

The head mounted display system according to examples of the present technology provides enhanced usability through a low touch simple setup solution and a low dexterity threshold solution. For example, a low touch setting may be achieved by self-adjusting solutions comprising stretchable materials or simple mechanical actuation, wherein only a small amount of minor adjustment is required to achieve a correct fit. Further, the system may include adjustment and locking solutions to facilitate usability (i.e., setup and forget), e.g., mechanisms (e.g., magnets) to guide adjustment and locking mechanisms to set adjustment (e.g., clips). Furthermore, the system provides ease of use such that it can be adjusted when worn by a user with low dexterity and/or minimal vision.

The head mounted display system according to examples of the present technology provides an enhanced system architecture that optimizes component positions such that cost is minimized while comfort, fit range, and usability are maximized. For example, the system may provide an enhanced weight distribution wherein the electrical and/or mechanical components are positioned in an ideal location from a comfort standpoint. Further, the system may include modularity such that components may be selected or upgraded based on user preferences, e.g., electrical components, face contact pads, straps, and/or earplugs may be selected based on preferences.

A head mounted display system in accordance with examples of the present technology enhances use in a medical environment. For example, the system may be biocompatible and/or cleanable, with the materials selected to be cleanable for reuse in a medical environment and/or through biocompatibility requirements.

The head mounted display system according to examples of the present technology enhances manufacturability by providing a mass producible solution at low cost while maintaining high quality and functionality.

As described above, the present technology may find particular application in a head-mounted display system in the form of a Virtual Reality (VR) display device and/or an Augmented Reality (AR) display device.

As shown in fig. 35, an exemplary VR display device 3000 in accordance with one aspect of the present technology includes the following functional aspects: display unit 3100, display housing 3200, and positioning and stabilizing structure 3500. In some forms, the functional aspects may be provided by one or more physical components. In some forms, one or more physical components may provide one or more functional aspects. In use, the display unit 3100 is arranged to lie adjacent to and in front of the eyes of a user to allow the user to view the display unit 3100.

In some examples, the display unit 3100 may include a display screen 3104, a display housing 3200, an interface structure 3300, and/or an optical lens 3400. These components may be integrally formed in a single display unit 3100, or they may be separable and selectively connected by a user to form the display unit 3100. In addition, the display screen 3104, the display housing 3200, the interface structure 3300, and/or the optical lens 3400 may be included in the display device 3000, but may not be a part of the display unit 3100.

In an example, the display screen or display 3104 may be configured to selectively output computer-generated images that are visible to a user in the operating position. In some forms, display screen 3104 is an electronic display. The display screen 3104 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) or a Light Emitting Diode (LED) screen.

In some forms, the display housing 3200 provides a support structure for the display screen 3104 in order to maintain the position of at least some components of the display screen 3104 relative to each other, and may additionally protect the display screen 3104 and/or other components of the display unit 3100. The display housing 3200 may be constructed of a material suitable for providing impact protection to the display screen 3104. Display housing 3200 may also contact the face of the user and may be constructed of a biocompatible material suitable for limiting irritation to the user.

In some forms, the interface structure 3300 may extend at least partially around the display housing 3200, and may form a viewing opening. The viewing opening may at least partially receive a user's face in use. In particular, the eyes of the user may be received within the viewing opening formed by the interface structure 3300.

In some forms, display device 3000 may include a light shield, which may be composed of an opaque material and may block ambient light from reaching the eyes of the user. The light shield may be part of the interface structure 3300 or may be a separate element.

In some examples, at least one lens 3400 may be disposed between the user's eyes and the display screen 3104. The user can observe the image provided by the display screen 3104 through the lens 3400. At least one lens 3400 may help space the display screen 3104 from the user's face to limit eye strain. The at least one lens 3400 may also help to better view the image displayed by the display screen 3104. In some forms, the at least one lens comprises a first lens configured to be aligned with the left eye of the user in the operative position and a second lens configured to be aligned with the right eye of the user in the operative position. In some forms, the lens 3400 is a fresnel lens. In some forms, the display comprises a binocular display divided into a first section and a second section, the first section aligned with the first lens and the second section aligned with the second lens.

In one example, the display device 3000 includes a control system 7000 (see fig. 36) that helps control the output received by the user. In particular, control system 7000 may control visual output from display screen 3104.

In some forms, control system 7000 may include a sensor 7002 that monitors different parameters or values (e.g., in a physical environment) and communicates the measured parameters to processor 7004. The output received by the user may be affected by the measured parameter. For example, the processor 7004 is configured to change a computer generated image output by the display based on the measurement value.

In some forms, the sensor 7002 may include: an orientation sensor which can sense the orientation of the user's body; at least one camera that may be positioned to view the physical environment of the user (e.g., to determine orientation); and/or an eye sensor that can track movement of the user's eyes to determine which direction at least one of the user's eyes is looking.

In some forms, the processor 7004 may include a computer or a smart phone.

In some forms, control system 7000 is integrated into display unit 3100. In other forms, the control system 7000 is housed in a control system support 7060 that is separate from the head mounted display unit 3100 but connected (e.g., electrically connected) to the display unit.

Some forms of display device 3000 include a controller 3600 that is engageable by a user to provide user input to the virtual environment and/or to control operation of the display device 3000. The controller 3600 may be connected to the display unit 3100 and provide a user with the ability to interact with virtual objects output from the display unit 3100 to the user. For example, the controller 3600 has at least one button 3602 (see fig. 35) that is selectively engageable by a user's finger, the controller 3600 being in communication with the processor 7004 and configured to send a signal to the processor when the at least one button 3602 is engaged, the processor being configured to change a computer-generated image output by the display 3104 based on the signal.

Fig. 37 illustrates an exemplary AR display device 3000 in accordance with an aspect of the present technology, including the following functional aspects: display unit 3100, display housing 3200, and positioning stabilization structure 3500.

In some examples, the display unit 3100 may include a display screen or display 3104 supported by a display housing 3200. The display 3104 is configured to selectively output one or more computer-generated images that are viewable by a user. The display screen 3104 may include at least one optical lens 3400 composed of a transparent or translucent material configured to allow a user to view their physical environment while viewing the computer-generated image. For example, the display screen 3104 may be glass, so that a user can see through the display screen 3104. This may be particularly beneficial in AR applications so that the user can continue to see the physical environment.

In some forms, the at least one lens 3400 includes a first lens configured to align with the user's left eye in the operational position and a second lens configured to align with the user's right eye in the operational position, see, e.g., fig. 37.

In one example, AR display device 3000 includes a control system 7000 (see fig. 36) that helps control the output received by the user. In particular, control system 7000 may control visual output from display screen 3104. In some forms, control system 7000 may include a sensor 7002 that monitors different parameters or values (e.g., in a physical environment) and communicates the measured parameters to processor 7004. The output received by the user may be affected by the measured parameter. For example, the processor 7004 is configured to change a computer generated image output by the display based on the measurement value.

5.2 glossary of terms

For purposes of this technical disclosure, one or more of the following definitions may be applied in certain forms of the present technology. In other forms of the present technology, alternative definitions may be applied.

5.2.1 general rules

Leakage: word leakage will be considered an undesirable exposure to light. In one example, leakage may occur due to an incomplete seal between the display unit and the user's face.

5.2.2 materials

Closed cell foam: foams comprising fully encapsulated cells, i.e., closed cells.

Elastic material: a polymer made of polyurethane.

An elastomer: polymers exhibiting elastomeric properties. For example, silicone elastomers.

Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA): copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate.

Foam: any material, such as polyurethane foam or viscoelastic foam, incorporates air bubbles during the manufacturing process to create a lightweight honeycomb.

Neoprene: a synthetic rubber produced by polymerization of chloroprene. Neoprene is used in commercial products: breath-O-Prene.

Nylon: synthetic polyamides which are elastic and can be used, for example, to form fibers/filaments for textiles.

Open cell foam: foams containing cells, i.e. bubbles which are not completely encapsulated, i.e. open cells.

Polycarbonate: is a typical transparent thermoplastic polymer of bisphenol a carbonate.

Polyethylene: a thermoplastic resistant to chemicals and moisture.

Polyurethane (PU): the plastic material prepared by copolymerizing isocyanate and polyol may, for example, take the form of foam (polyurethane foam) and rubber (polyurethane rubber).

Semi-open cell foam: foams comprising a combination of closed and open cell (encapsulated) cells.

Silicone or silicone elastomer: synthetic rubber. In the present specification, reference to silicone refers to Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR) or Compression Molded Silicone Rubber (CMSR). One form of commercially available LSR is SILASTIC (included in the range of products sold under this trademark), manufactured by Dow Corning corporation (Dow Corning). Another manufacturer of LSR is the Wacker group (Wacker). Unless specified to the contrary, exemplary forms of LSRs have a shore a (or type a) dent hardness in the range of about 35 to about 45 as measured using ASTM D2240.

Spacing fabric: a composite structure consisting of two outer textile substrates joined together and separated by a monofilament intermediate layer.

Spandex: an elastic fiber or fabric comprising primarily polyurethane. Spandex is used in commodity: lycra.

Thermoplastic bulletSex body (TPE): typically a low modulus, flexible material that stretches at room temperature with the ability to return to its approximately original length upon stress release. Trade products using TPE include:

Dynaflex ^TM 、

MD-1 15。

thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU): thermoplastic elastomers having high durability and flexibility.

5.2.3 mechanical Properties

Rebound resilience: the ability of a material to absorb energy when elastically deformed and release energy when unloaded.

Elasticity: substantially all of the energy will be released upon unloading. Including, for example, certain silicones and thermoplastic elastomers.

Hardness: the ability of the material itself to resist deformation (e.g., described by Young's modulus or indentation hardness scale measured on a standardized sample size).

The "soft" material may comprise silicone or thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) and may be easily deformed, for example, under finger pressure.

The "hard" material may comprise polycarbonate, polypropylene, steel or aluminum, and may not readily deform, for example, under finger pressure.

Stiffness (or rigidity) of a structure or component: the ability of a structure or component to resist deformation in response to an applied load. The load may be a force or moment, such as compression, tension, bending or torsion. The structure or component may provide different resistances in different directions.

Flexible structures or components: when allowed to support its own weight for a relatively short period of time, for example, within 1 second, the structure or component will change shape (e.g., bend).

Rigid structures or components: a structure or component that does not substantially change shape when subjected to loads typically encountered in use.

As an example, the I-beam may include a different bending stiffness (resistance to bending loads) in the first direction than in the second orthogonal direction. In another example, the structure or component may be flexible in a first direction and rigid in a second direction.

5.2.4 user interface

A frame: the frame will be considered to refer to a display housing unit that is subjected to tensile loads between two or more connection points with the hoops.

Pupil distance: distance between eye pupil centers.

And (3) hooping: the ferrule will be considered to mean the portion designed for locating and stabilizing structure on the head. For example, the collar may include a collection of one or more struts, ties, and stiffeners configured to position and retain the user interface in place on the user's face to retain the display unit in an operative position in front of the user's face. The cuffs may be formed of a soft, flexible, resilient material such as a laminated composite of foam and facing/fabric.

Film: a film will be considered to mean a typically thin element that is preferably substantially free of bending resistance but stretch resistant.

And (3) sealing: may refer to the noun form of the structure (seal) or the verb form of the effect (seal). The two elements may be constructed and/or arranged to 'seal' or to achieve a 'seal' therebetween without the need for a separate 'seal' element itself.

And (3) a shell: the shell will be considered to mean a curved and relatively thin structure having a bendable, stretchable and compressible stiffness. For example, the curved structural wall of the mask may be a shell. In some forms, the housing may be multi-faceted.

Reinforcement: a reinforcement will be considered to mean a structural component designed to increase the bending resistance of another component in at least one direction.

And (3) supporting: the support will be considered as a structural component designed to increase the resistance to compression of another component in at least one direction.

A rotating shaft: the sub-components of the component configured to rotate about a common axis are preferably independent, preferably at low torque. In one form, the swivel may be configured to rotate through an angle of at least 360 degrees. In another form, the swivel may be configured to rotate through an angle of less than 360 degrees.

Lacing (a term: a structure for resisting tension).

5.2.5 shape of the Structure

The product according to the present technology may comprise one or more three-dimensional mechanical structures, such as seal forming parts of a display unit. The three-dimensional structures may be bonded by two-dimensional surfaces. These surfaces may be distinguished using indicia to describe the relative surface orientation, position, function, or some other feature. For example, the structure may include one or more of a front surface, a rear surface, an inner surface, and an outer surface. In another example, the seal-forming structure may include a face-contacting (e.g., exterior) surface and a separate non-face-contacting (e.g., underside or interior) surface. In another example, a structure may include a first surface and a second surface.

To assist in describing the three-dimensional structure and shape of the surface, consider first a cross-section through a point P of the structured surface, see fig. 2a to 2e, which show an example of a cross-section at the point P on the surface and the resulting planar curve. The outward normal vector at point P points in a direction away from the surface. In some examples, we describe a surface from the point of view of an imaginary small person standing on the surface.

5.2.5.1 one-dimensional curvature

The curvature of the planar curve at P may be described as having a sign (e.g., positive, negative) and a number (e.g., only the inverse of the radius of a circle contacting the curve at P).

Positive curvature: if the curve at P turns to the outward normal, the curvature at that point will be positive (if the imagined small person leaves P, they must walk up an incline). See fig. 2a (relatively large positive curvature compared to fig. 2 b) and fig. 2b (relatively small positive curvature compared to fig. 2 a). Such curves are often referred to as concave.

Zero curvature: if the curve at P is a straight line, the curvature will be taken to be zero (if an imagined small person leaves P, they can walk horizontally without going up or down). See fig. 2c.

Negative curvature: if the curve at P turns away from the outward normal, the curvature in that direction at that point will be negative (if an imagined small person leaves that point P, they must walk down a slope). See fig. 2d (relatively small negative curvature compared to fig. 2 e) and fig. 2e (relatively large negative curvature compared to fig. 2 d). Such curves are commonly referred to as convexities.

5.2.5.2 two-dimensional curved surface curvature

The description of the shape at a given point on a two-dimensional surface according to the present technique may include a plurality of normal cross-sections. The plurality of cross-sections may cut the surface in a plane comprising an outward normal ("normal plane"), and each cross-section may be taken in a different direction. Each cross section produces a planar curve with a corresponding curvature. The different curvatures at this point may have the same sign or different signs. Each curvature at this point has a number, e.g., a relatively small number. The planar curves in fig. 2a to 2e may be examples of such multiple cross-sections at specific points.

Principal curvature and principal direction: the direction of the normal plane in which the curvature of the curve takes its maximum and minimum values is called the principal direction. In the example of fig. 2a to 2e, the maximum curvature occurs in fig. 2a and the minimum curvature occurs in fig. 2e, so that fig. 2a and 2e are sections in the main direction. The principal curvature at P is the curvature in the principal direction.

Area of the surface: a connected set of points on the surface. The set of points in the region may have similar characteristics, such as curvature or sign.

Saddle region: where at each point the principal curvatures have opposite signs, i.e. one sign is positive and the other sign is negative (they can walk up or down depending on the direction in which the imagined individual is turning). The saddle region is shown, for example, in fig. 2 h.

Dome area: where the principal curvature has the same sign at each point, for example two regions of positive ("concave dome") or two negative ("convex dome"). For example, a dome area is shown in fig. 2 g.

Surface edge: boundary or demarcation of a surface or area. For example, an edge on a surface is shown in fig. 2 g.

Path: in some forms of the present technology, 'path' will be considered to mean a path in a mathematical-topological sense, such as a continuous space curve from f (0) to f (1) on a surface. In some forms of the present technology, a 'path' may be described as a route or course, including, for example, a set of points on a surface. (the imaginary path of a person is where they walk on the surface and is similar to a garden path). For example, a path on a surface is shown in fig. 2 g.

5.2.5.3 space curve

Space curve: unlike planar curves, the spatial curves do not have to lie in any particular plane. The space curve may be considered as a one-dimensional segment of three-dimensional space. An imaginary person walking on one strand of the DNA helix walks along the space curve. A typical human left ear includes a helix, which is a left-handed helix, see fig. 2i. A typical human right ear includes a spiral, which is a right-hand spiral, see fig. 2k. Fig. 2j shows a right-hand spiral. The edges of the structure, e.g. the edges of the film, may follow a spatial curve. In general, a spatial curve may be described by curvature and torsion at each point on the spatial curve. Torque is a measure of how a curve rotates out of plane. The torque is signed and sized. The torsion at a point on the spatial curve can be characterized with reference to tangential vectors, normal vectors, and double normal vectors at that point.

Double normal unit vector: the double normal unit vector is perpendicular to both the tangent vector and the main normal vector. Its direction may be determined by a right-hand rule (see e.g. fig. 2 m) or alternatively by a left-hand rule (fig. 2 l).

Close plane: a plane containing the unit tangent vector and the unit principal normal vector. See fig. 2l and 2m.

Torsion of space curve: the twist at a point of the space curve is the magnitude of the rate of change of the double normal unit vector at that point. It measures how far the curve deviates from the plane of close. The space curve lying in the plane has zero torsion. A space curve that deviates from the plane of close proximity by a relatively small amount will have a relatively small amount of twist (e.g., a gently sloping helical path). A space curve that deviates from the plane of close proximity by a relatively large amount will have a relatively large amount of twist (e.g., a steeply inclined helical path). Referring to fig. 2j, since T2> T1, the amount of twist near the top coil of the spiral of fig. 2j is greater than the amount of twist of the bottom coil of the spiral of fig. 2 j.

Referring to the right-hand rule of fig. 2m, a space curve directed toward the right-hand side double normal direction may be considered to have a right-hand positive twist (e.g., the right-hand spiral shown in fig. 2 j). The space curve turning away from the right hand double normal direction may be considered to have a right hand negative twist (e.g., left hand spiral).

Likewise, referring to the left hand rule (see fig. 2 l), a space curve directed toward the left hand double normal direction may be considered to have a left hand positive twist (e.g., a left hand spiral). The left hand is therefore positive and equivalent to the right hand negative.

5.2.5.4 hole

The surface may have one-dimensional holes, for example holes defined by planar curves or by space curves. A thin structure (e.g., a film) with holes can be described as having one-dimensional holes. See for example the one-dimensional holes in the plane curve bordered surface of the structure shown in fig. 2 n.

The structure may have two-dimensional apertures, such as apertures defined by surfaces. For example, pneumatic tires have a two-dimensional aperture defined by the inner surface of the tire. See two-dimensional holes bounded by the illustrated surfaces in the structures shown in fig. 2o and 2 p.

5.3 other remarks

Unless the context clearly indicates and provides a range of values, it is understood that every intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range, to one tenth of the unit of the lower limit, and any other stated or intermediate value within the range, is broadly encompassed within the present technology. The upper and lower limits of these intermediate ranges may independently be included in the intermediate ranges, and are also encompassed within the technology, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where the range includes one or both of the limits, the art also includes ranges excluding either or both of those included limits.

Furthermore, where a value or values described herein are implemented as part of the technology, it is to be understood that such value or values may be approximate unless otherwise stated, and that such value or values may be applicable to any suitable significant digit to the extent that practical technical implementations are permissible or required.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present technology, a limited number of exemplary methods and materials are described herein.

Obvious substitute materials with similar properties may be used as substitutes when a particular material is identified for use in constructing a component. Moreover, unless specified to the contrary, any and all components described herein are understood to be capable of being manufactured and thus may be manufactured together or separately.

It must be noted that, as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural equivalents thereof unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

All publications mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety to disclose and describe the methods and/or materials which are the subject matter of those publications. The publications discussed herein are provided solely for their disclosure prior to the filing date of the present application. Nothing herein is to be construed as an admission that the present technology is not entitled to antedate such disclosure by virtue of prior invention. Furthermore, the dates of publication provided may be different from the actual publication dates, which may need to be independently confirmed.

The terms "include" and "comprising" are to be interpreted as: to each element, component, or step in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced element, component, or step may be present or utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not referenced.

The topic headings used in the detailed description are for convenience only to the reader and should not be used to limit the topics that can be found throughout the present invention or claims. The subject matter headings are not to be used to interpret the claims or the scope of the claims.

Although the technology herein has been described with reference to particular examples/forms/embodiments, it is to be understood that these examples/forms/embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the technology. In some instances, terminology and symbols may imply specific details that are not required to practice the technology. For example, although the terms "first" and "second" may be used, they are not intended to represent any order, unless otherwise indicated, but rather may be used to distinguish between different elements. Furthermore, while process steps in a method may be described or illustrated in a sequential order, such order is not required. Those skilled in the art will recognize that such sequences may be modified and/or aspects thereof may be performed simultaneously or even synchronously.

It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative examples/forms/embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present technology.

5.4 reference symbol List

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Claims

1. A head mounted display system, comprising:

a positioning and stabilizing structure constructed and arranged to hold the display unit in an operative position over a user's face;

the positioning and stabilizing structure comprises:

a support hoop comprising a rear support adapted to contact a rear region of the user's head and a front support adapted to contact a front region of the user's head,

wherein the rear support portion of the support hoop is adapted to extend in a first plane and the front support portion of the support hoop is adapted to extend in a second plane,

wherein each of the first plane of the posterior support section and the second plane of the anterior support section is adapted to extend transverse to the sagittal plane, and

wherein the support hoop comprises an offset configuration in which the rear support is offset from the front support such that the first plane of the rear support is arranged in a different plane than the second plane of the front support.

2. A virtual reality display device, comprising:

the head mounted display system of claim 1, and further comprising said display unit, wherein,

the display unit includes:

a display configured for selectively outputting a computer-generated image visible to the user in an operative position,

a housing supporting the display,

an interface structure coupled to the housing and arranged in opposing relation to the face of the user in the operational position, wherein the interface structure at least partially forms a viewing opening configured to at least partially receive the face of the user in the operational position and the interface structure is at least partially constructed of an opaque material configured to at least partially block ambient light from reaching the viewing opening in the operational position, an

At least one lens coupled to the housing and disposed within the viewing opening and aligned with the display such that in the operational position, the user may view the display through the at least one lens; and

The head mounted display system, further comprising:

a control system having at least one sensor in communication with a processor, wherein the at least one sensor is configured to measure a parameter and communicate the measured value to the processor, and wherein the processor is configured to change the computer generated image output by the display based on the measured value.

3. An augmented reality display device, comprising:

the display unit includes:

a display constructed of a transparent or translucent material and configured for selectively providing a computer-generated image visible to the user,

a housing supporting the display

An interface structure coupled to the housing and arranged in opposing relation to the operator's face in the operative position,

wherein in an operative position, the positioning and stabilizing structure is configured to support the display unit, the display being configured to align with an eye of the user in the operative position such that the user may view a physical environment at least in part through the computer-generated image-enhanced display; and

The head mounted display system, further comprising:

4. A head mounted display system, comprising:

a positioning and stabilising structure constructed and arranged to retain the display unit in an operative position over a user's face in use,

the positioning and stabilizing structure comprises:

a rear support adapted to contact a rear region of the user's head, an

A front support adapted to contact a front region of the user's head; and is also provided with

Wherein the rear support comprises a rigid member that is substantially inextensible and substantially elastic, and

wherein the rigid member includes a plurality of slots on at least one side of the rigid member, wherein the plurality of slots form a plurality of hinges.

5. A virtual reality display device, comprising:

the head mounted display system of claim 4, and further comprising said display unit, wherein,

The display unit includes:

a housing supporting the display,

an interface structure coupled to the housing and arranged in opposing relation to the face of the user in the operational position, the interface structure at least partially forming a viewing opening configured to at least partially receive the face of the user in the operational position, and the interface structure being at least partially constructed of an opaque material configured to at least partially block ambient light from reaching the viewing opening in the operational position, an

the head mounted display system, further comprising:

6. An augmented reality display device, comprising:

the display unit includes:

a housing supporting the display

the head mounted display system, further comprising:

7. A head mounted display system, comprising:

a positioning and stabilising structure constructed and arranged to retain the display unit in an operative position over a user's face in use; and

an interface structure for the display unit, the interface structure constructed and arranged to be in opposing relation to the face of the user, the interface structure extending around a display that is visible to the user and defines a viewing opening of the display when the display unit is in the operative position,

wherein the interface structure includes a face engagement portion at a respective one of a left-hand side and a right-hand side of the viewing opening, and wherein the face engagement portions are constructed and arranged to slidably move relative to one another.

8. A virtual reality display device, comprising:

the head mounted display system of claim 7, and further comprising said display unit, wherein,

the display unit includes:

a housing supporting the display,

The viewing opening of the interface structure is configured for at least partially receiving the face of the user in the operative position and the interface structure is at least partially constructed of an opaque material configured for at least partially blocking ambient light from reaching the viewing opening in the operative position, an

the head mounted display system, further comprising: