CN116334354A - Titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by adopting single-nozzle refining furnace and refining method thereof - Google Patents
Titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by adopting single-nozzle refining furnace and refining method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
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- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/005—Manufacture of stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
- C21C7/0685—Decarburising of stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by a single-nozzle refining furnace and a refining method thereof, wherein the refining method adopts a special furnace type single-nozzle refining furnace to carry out vacuum refining on stainless steel primary steelmaking water meeting certain conditions; the invention discloses a method for preparing high-purity stainless steel liquid by vacuum refining, which comprises the steps of decarburization, reduction, deslagging, deep deoxidization, online calcium treatment, titanium alloying and weak argon stirring of primary steelmaking water. Compared with the traditional smelting method, the method has the application advantages of high refining efficiency and high titanium yield, and can be used as an effective smelting method for smelting high-purity steel.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The invention relates to the technical field of stainless steel smelting, in particular to titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by a single-nozzle refining furnace and a refining method thereof.
[ background Art ]
Compared with the conventional 304 austenitic stainless steel, the titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel has better high-temperature corrosion resistance, and is widely used as a material of heat-resistant and pressure-resistant pipelines for petroleum, natural gas, nuclear power and the like. After adding a certain amount of titanium into the stainless steel, the intergranular corrosion resistance and strength at high temperature can be improved, and the addition amount is related to the carbon and nitrogen content in the steel, and is usually 5.5-7 (C+N). However, titanium element has strong reducibility and is easy to combine with O, S, N, C and other elements in molten steel to generate high-melting-point inclusion, wherein titanium oxide and TiN inclusion have the most obvious harm to smelting and product quality. The high-melting-point inclusions are easy to gather in the smelting and solidification processes, and the problems of blocking of the casting powder, nozzle blocking and the like are easy to cause; but also reduces the quality of products, such as scale defects on the surface of the plate, layering defects of a bar penetrating pipe and the like, so that smelting control of the titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel is a technical difficulty accepted in the industry.
Proper titanium alloying time and low-N control of molten steel in the smelting process are key to reducing the generation of high-melting-point titanium-containing inclusions, and a smelting method and a smelting process of the titanium-containing stainless steel are key to inclusion control. The prior smelting method of the titanium-containing stainless steel mainly comprises an AOD method and a VOD method. Three main difficulties exist in AOD smelting: 1. the nitrogen control is difficult, the denitrification depth is limited in the non-vacuum smelting process, and nitrogen can be unavoidably absorbed in the tapping process; 2. slag steel which is strong in the tapping process is mixed to generate a large amount of inclusions, so that the cleanliness of molten steel is reduced; 3. the accurate control of the slag components in the subsequent LF process is difficult. Although the VOD method has reliable nitrogen control capability, the equipment cost and the production cost are high, and the smelting process cannot carry out feeding and online sampling detection, so that the stability of end point control is reduced.
The single-nozzle refining furnace, which is called a single-nozzle furnace for short, is an original external refining device for molten steel vacuum furnace in China, and long-term industrial batch tests have proved that the furnace type refining furnace has the technical advantages of high refining efficiency, low production cost, simple equipment and the like in the aspects of smelting of varieties such as electrical steel, bearing steel and the like. The smelting technical advantage of the single-nozzle refining furnace is applied to smelting of the titanium-containing stainless steel, and the smelting method is innovative. The invention provides a smelting method for smelting titanium-containing stainless steel by adopting a single-nozzle refining furnace, which further reduces the number of titanium-containing inclusions in the steel compared with the prior art method and has higher titanium yield.
Accordingly, there is a need to address the deficiencies of the prior art by developing a titanium-containing stainless steel and refining methods thereof that address or mitigate one or more of the problems discussed above that are smelted using a single-nozzle refining furnace.
[ invention ]
In view of the above, the invention provides a titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by a single-nozzle refining furnace and a refining method thereof, wherein the molten steel is subjected to vacuum slag discharge, deep deoxidization and calcium treatment before titanium alloying, so that low-oxygen conditions are created for titanium alloying, and high-purity stainless steel liquid can be obtained. Compared with the traditional smelting method, the method has the application advantages of high refining efficiency and high titanium yield, and can be used as an effective smelting method for smelting high-purity steel.
In one aspect, the invention provides a refining method of titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by adopting a single-nozzle refining furnace, wherein the refining method is to adopt a single-nozzle refining furnace with a specific furnace type to carry out vacuum refining on stainless steel primary steelmaking water meeting a certain condition; the vacuum refining is specifically a treatment procedure of decarburizing, reducing, deslagging, deep deoxidizing, online calcium treatment, titanium alloying and weak argon stirring on primary steelmaking water in sequence.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the single-nozzle refining furnace of a specific furnace type includes a dip pipe and a ladle, the dip pipe and the ladle are arranged eccentrically, two independent bottom blowing air bricks, namely a main air brick and a secondary air brick, are arranged at the bottom of the ladle, the main air brick is located right below the dip pipe and is used for vacuum circulation stirring of molten steel, and the secondary air brick is located below a gap between the dip pipe and the ladle and is used for stirring molten steel around the dip pipe.
In the aspects and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, wherein the specific meeting conditions of the stainless steel primary smelting molten steel meeting certain conditions are as follows: entering molten steel: w [ C ] =0.40-0.70%, w [ Si ] < 0.3%, w [ S ] <0.005%, ladle slag thickness less than or equal to 30mm, molten steel temperature 1550-1580 ℃.
Aspects and any possible implementation manner as described above further provide an implementation manner, where the slag discharging treatment procedure specifically includes: after the reduction is finished, the pressure of the vacuum tank is regulated to 50-80 kPa, the insertion depth of the dipping pipe is reduced to 0.2-0.3 m, the blowing strength of the main air brick is increased to 8-15 NL/min/ton, stirring is continued for 3-8 min, and top slag in the vacuum tank is discharged out of the dipping pipe.
In the aspects and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, wherein the deep deoxidizing treatment procedure specifically includes: and after the slag discharge is finished, pumping vacuum pressure to extreme vacuum, regulating the insertion depth to 0.3-0.5 m, adding aluminium block by means of vacuum material bin to implement molten steel deep deoxidation, calculating addition quantity according to 0.03-0.05% of molten steel obtained by using 0.03-0.05% of molten steel, continuously stirring for 2-3min so as to implement deep deoxidation treatment.
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provides an implementation manner, wherein a wire feeder is arranged on one side of the single-nozzle refining furnace of the specific furnace, the on-line calcium treatment procedure is specifically that after deep deoxidization is finished, a rear calcium wire is fed into a designated area W1 or W2 of the ladle liquid surface through the wire feeder, the feeding amount is controlled to be 3-5 kg/ton of steel, and after wire feeding, stirring is carried out for 2-5 min to complete on-line calcium treatment.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, wherein the titanium alloying treatment process is completed by two steps of coarse alloying of the material distributing bin and fine wire feeding control, and wherein;
the coarse alloying of the material distributing bin is specifically as follows: adding titanium alloy into a vacuum bin to perform coarse blending on the Ti content of molten steel, wherein the adding amount is calculated according to 90% of the lower limit of the preset component requirement, and sampling to determine the Ti content after adding for 3-5 min;
the fine control of the wire feeding is specifically as follows: and feeding titanium wires to the designated area W1 or W2 of the ladle through a wire feeder at a part with Ti content less than the requirement of a preset component in the coarse alloying result of the material distributing bin so that the Ti content of molten steel reaches a target component.
In the aspects and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the treatment procedure of weak argon stirring specifically includes: stirring for 2-3min after titanium alloying treatment, reducing argon blowing amount to 70-80NL/min, and breaking air after soft stirring for 4-6 min.
In the aspects and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided a titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by adopting a single-nozzle refining furnace, wherein the purity of the titanium-containing stainless steel is higher, and the probability of defects such as layering, cracking and the like in the rolling process is greatly reduced.
The aspects and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, and the titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by the single-nozzle refining furnace has the production advantages of high efficiency, strong N control capability and high titanium alloy yield, and simultaneously has the advantages of high molten steel cleanliness and stable product quality.
Compared with the existing smelting method of the titanium-containing stainless steel, the process has the following main advantages that:
1): the yield of titanium is high, and titanium oxide inclusions are few; the method of the invention carries out slag discharge, deep deoxidization and calcium treatment on molten steel before titanium alloying to lead the molten steel to be in a low-oxygen state, effectively inhibits oxidation burning loss of titanium in the titanium alloying process, improves the yield of titanium, and simultaneously greatly reduces the generation amount of titanium oxide inclusion in the molten steel
2): less titanium nitride inclusions; the carbon and nitrogen contents of the molten steel are lower after the vacuum decarburization and the degassing treatment, and correspondingly, the titanium content required to be matched is also lower, so that the generation amount of titanium nitride inclusion is fundamentally reduced;
3): the smelting process is simple, and the operability is stronger; the single-nozzle refining furnace can finish decarburization, al deoxidation, ca treatment and titanium alloying treatment at the same time at one station, and the treatment effect of each working procedure is controllable.
Of course, it is not necessary for any of the products embodying the invention to achieve all of the technical effects described above at the same time.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a single nozzle oven type structure provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a feeding area of a wire feeder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, in the figure:
1-steel ladle, 2-dip tube, 3-main air brick, 4-auxiliary air brick, 5-top blowing oxygen gun, 6-dip tube insertion depth, 7-vacuum bin blanking tube, 8-vacuum top slag, 9-wire feeder, 10-alloy wire, 11-feeding area W1, 12-feeding area W2.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The invention provides a titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by adopting a single-nozzle refining furnace and a refining method thereof, wherein the single-nozzle refining furnace has a specific furnace structure, as shown in figure 2, a ladle 1 and a dipping pipe 2 are eccentrically arranged, a certain eccentric distance delta E exists between the centers of the ladle 1 and the dipping pipe, two independent bottom blowing air bricks are arranged at the bottom of the ladle, a main air brick 3 is positioned under the dipping pipe and used for vacuum circulation stirring of molten steel, and an auxiliary air brick 4 is positioned under a gap between the dipping pipe and the ladle and used for stirring molten steel at the periphery of the dipping pipe. The single nozzle furnace with the specific structure is adopted to sequentially carry out refining process treatments such as oxygen blowing decarburization, reduction, slag discharge of a dipping pipe, deep deoxidation, online calcium treatment, online titanium alloying, weak argon stirring and the like on molten steel, as shown in fig. 1, the high-purity stainless steel liquid can be obtained, and the technical specifications of the processes are as follows:
s0. control of molten steel condition of entering station
Before single nozzle furnace treatment, the molten steel needs to meet certain conditions, carbon content should meet w < 0.4-0.7%, silicon content should meet w < 0.2%, sulfur content should meet w <0.05%, ladle slag thickness is less than or equal to 30mm, and temperature is 1550-1580 ℃;
s1, vacuum decarburization
After vacuumizing, reducing the vacuum pressure to 10-25 kPa, and then carrying out forced decarburization treatment on molten steel through a top-blown oxygen lance 5, wherein the depth 6 of the immersion pipe inserted into the molten steel is controlled to be 0.5-0.7 m; when the carbon content is reduced to below 0.15-0.20%, continuously reducing the vacuum pressure to 1-5 kPa, and controlling the insertion depth 6 to 0.3-0.5 m; stopping oxygen blowing when the carbon content is reduced to 0.005-0.04%; reducing the vacuum pressure to extreme vacuum (less than 66 Pa) to perform natural decarburization treatment on the molten steel, wherein the time of the extreme vacuum treatment is not less than 5min, and the [ N ] is controlled to be less than 120ppm.
S2, ferrosilicon reduction
After decarburization, firstly adding ferrosilicon alloy into a vacuum chamber through a vacuum bin 7 for reduction treatment, wherein the adding amount of ferrosilicon is calculated according to [ Si ] =0.2-0.5% of the reduced steel, then adding lime into the vacuum chamber for stirring for 3-5 min, adding lime to promote the reduction of chromium oxide in slag, reducing corrosion of top slag to refractory materials, and controlling the adding amount to be in a range of w (CaO)/w (SiO 2) =1.5-2.5 according to the alkalinity R of the top slag after reduction.
S3, deslagging of the dipping pipe
After the reduction is finished, thick low-alkalinity slag 8 floats above molten steel in the vacuum tank, if the low-alkalinity slag is not discharged, the subsequent titanium yield is reduced, and slag discharge of the dipping pipe means that the slag 8 at the top of the vacuum tank is rolled out of the dipping pipe 2 through strong stirring of air blowing of the main air brick 3; the method is characterized in that after the reduction is finished, the pressure of the vacuum tank is regulated to 50-80 kPa, the insertion depth of the dipping pipe is reduced to 6-0.2-0.3 m, the blowing strength is increased to 8-15 NL/min/ton, and stirring is continued for 3-8 min, so that most top slag in the vacuum tank can be discharged out of the dipping pipe.
S4.Al De-oxidation
The deep deoxidization treatment of molten steel is the key for obtaining high Ti yield subsequently. After the slag discharge is finished, the vacuum pressure is pumped to the extreme vacuum (< 66 Pa), the insertion depth is regulated to 0.3-0.5 m, the aluminum block is added through the vacuum storage bin 7 to carry out molten steel deep deoxidation, the addition is calculated according to the collection of 0.03-0.05% of molten steel w [ Al ], and the stirring is carried out for 2-3min to complete the deep deoxidation treatment.
S5, online calcium treatment
A certain amount of high-alumina inclusions can be generated in molten steel in the deep deoxidization process, and the high-alumina inclusions can be plasticized by calcium treatment, so that the generation of Al-Ti high-melting-point inclusions in the subsequent titanium alloying process can be effectively avoided. A wire feeder 9 is arranged beside the single-nozzle furnace for online calcium treatment, so that online wire feeding operation can be carried out on molten steel in the molten steel vacuum treatment process, as shown in fig. 3, a calcium wire 10 needs to be fed into a designated area W1 (11) or W2 (12) of the liquid level of a ladle during wire feeding, and the calcium wire can smoothly enter the bottom of the ladle along a downward molten steel flow field after being fed from the area, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of wire feeding, controlling the feeding amount of the calcium wire to be 3-5 kg/ton of steel, and stirring for 2-5 min after wire feeding to complete online calcium treatment.
S6, online titanium alloying
The coarse alloying of the molten steel titanium alloying material distribution bin and the fine wire feeding control are completed in two steps, wherein the coarse alloying means that titanium alloy is added into a vacuum material bin 7 to perform coarse blending on the Ti content of molten steel, the adding amount is calculated according to 90% of the lower limit of the component requirement, the Ti content is sampled and determined after 3-5 min of adding, and the titanium wire is fed into a specified area W1 (11) or W2 (12) of a ladle by a wire feeding machine 9 from the rest part, so that the Ti content of the molten steel reaches the target component.
Example 1:
in the example, the smelting steel type TP321 is selected, the smelting internal control components of the steel type are shown in Table 1, and the liquidus temperature is 1452 ℃. The steel grade is produced by adopting the technological process of EAF, AOD, SSRF, LF and IC
TABLE 1 internal control composition requirement for titanium-containing austenitic stainless steels
(1) The electric arc furnace provides rough molten steel: the steel sample (1) is obtained by adding AOD into the steel with the water content of 26.2 t.
(2) AOD refining: lime, pure nickel, high chromium and other alloys are matched in the decarburization period; ferrosilicon is added in the reduction period, and slag is removed after stirring for 5 min; after slag skimming is clean, lime and fluorite are added for desulfurization, after stirring is carried out for 3min, the slag of a steel sample (2) is taken, and then 29.8t of steel is tapped.
(3) Vacuum refining in a single-nozzle refining furnace:
s0. initial conditions: taking a steel ladle to enter a station for sampling (3), measuring the temperature to 1565 ℃ and ensuring the slag thickness to be 25mm;
s1, oxygen blowing decarburization: when the vacuum pressure is reduced to 14kPa, oxygen is blown by the oxygen lance, the oxygen blowing flow is 420m < 3 >/h, and after the accumulated oxygen blowing is 85.6m3, the vacuum pressure is reduced to 6kPa; increasing argon blowing amount to 138NL/min, and reducing oxygen blowing flow to 310m 3 Per hour, the accumulated oxygen blowing is 152.3m 3 Then, continuously reducing the vacuum pressure to 1.2kPa; increasing argon blowing amount to 156NL/min, and reducing oxygen blowing flow to 240m 3 /h, accumulated oxygen blowing 176.6m 3 Stopping oxygen, taking a steel sample (4), and measuring the temperature to 1683 ℃;
s2, vacuum reduction: pumping the vacuum, adding 196kg of ferrosilicon through a bin after the pressure is less than 67Pa, adding 200kg of lime and 60kg of fluorite after 2min, and stirring for 4min;
s3, deslagging by using a dipping pipe: adjusting the pressure of the vacuum chamber to 62.5kPa, adjusting the lifting height of the steel ladle top to the insertion depth of the dip pipe to be 0.22m, increasing the argon blowing flow to 186NL/min, and continuously stirring for 3min;
S4-S5, deep deoxidizing of molten steel and Ca treatment: pumping the steel ladle to adjust the insertion depth of the dipping pipe to 0.33m, reducing argon blowing flow to 121NL/min, adding 53kg of aluminum blocks and 158kg of electric manganese into the steel ladle through a feed bin when the pressure is reduced to 18kPa, stirring for 3min, and feeding a calcium line 68m through a line feeding machine;
s6, adding 184kg of pure titanium blocks through a storage bin, increasing argon blowing amount to 154NL/min, stirring for 3min, sampling (5), and measuring the temperature to 1586 ℃; sampling titanium content to be 0.22%, and feeding titanium wire to be 12m through a wire feeder;
stirring for 2min, reducing argon blowing amount to 71NL/min, and soft stirring for 5min to break the air.
(4) LF refining: taking a sample (6) from a station, electrifying and heating, supplementing 20kg of micro chromium and 18kg of manganese, refining for 45min, taking a steel sample (7), hanging and packing, and measuring the temperature to 1542 ℃;
the steel sample assay components in the smelting process are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 molten steel composition changes in the smelting process of examples%
The smelting effect of mass production of titanium-containing stainless steel by adopting the process of the embodiment is shown in the table 3, and the average yield of titanium in the smelting process can be controlled to be 90% by adopting the process of the invention, so that the generation of titanium-containing high-melting-point inclusion is effectively reduced due to low titanium burning loss; the average smelting time is less than 90min, and the refining efficiency is high; the content of B-type inclusions in the titanium-containing steel is stably controlled to be less than 1.0.
TABLE 3 Ti yield and Steel purity Effect (mean) of SSRF smelting Process
Note that: class A is sulfide inclusion, class B is alumina inclusion, class C is silicate inclusion, class D is spherical oxide inclusion, the rating range is from 0 to 3, the rating increases gradually with the length, the number and the diameter of the inclusions, and the detailed rating method is shown in GB/T10561-2005.
The titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by adopting the single-nozzle refining furnace and the refining method thereof provided by the embodiment of the application are described in detail. The above description of embodiments is only for aiding in understanding the method of the present application and its core ideas; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have modifications in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present application, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application in view of the above.
Certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. Those of skill in the art will appreciate that a hardware manufacturer may refer to the same component by different names. The description and claims do not take the form of an element differentiated by name, but rather by functionality. As referred to throughout the specification and claims, the terms "comprising," including, "and" includes "are intended to be interpreted as" including/comprising, but not limited to. By "substantially" is meant that within an acceptable error range, a person skilled in the art is able to solve the technical problem within a certain error range, substantially achieving the technical effect. The description hereinafter sets forth the preferred embodiment for carrying out the present application, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present application in general, for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a commodity or system comprising such elements.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one relationship describing the association of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.
While the foregoing description illustrates and describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, it is to be understood that this application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as an exclusive use of other embodiments, and is capable of many other combinations, modifications and environments, and adaptations within the scope of the teachings described herein, through the foregoing teachings or through the knowledge or skills of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A refining method of titanium-containing stainless steel smelted by adopting a single-nozzle refining furnace is characterized in that the refining method adopts a special furnace type single-nozzle refining furnace to carry out vacuum refining on stainless steel primary steelmaking water meeting certain conditions; the vacuum refining is specifically a treatment procedure of decarburizing, reducing, deslagging, deep deoxidizing, online calcium treatment, titanium alloying and weak argon stirring on primary steelmaking water in sequence.
2. The refining method according to claim 1, characterized in that the single nozzle refining furnace of the specific furnace type comprises an immersion pipe and a ladle, wherein the immersion pipe and the ladle are arranged eccentrically, two independent bottom blowing air bricks, namely a main air brick and a secondary air brick, are arranged at the bottom of the ladle, the main air brick is positioned right below the immersion pipe and used for vacuum circulation stirring of molten steel, and the secondary air brick is positioned below a gap between the immersion pipe and the ladle and used for stirring molten steel at the periphery of the immersion pipe.
3. The refining method according to claim 1, wherein the stainless steel primary refining molten steel satisfying a certain condition specifically satisfies the following conditions: entering molten steel: w [ C ] =0.40-0.70%, w [ Si ] < 0.3%, w [ S ] <0.005%, ladle slag thickness less than or equal to 30mm, molten steel temperature 1550-1580 ℃.
4. The refining method according to claim 1, wherein the slag removal treatment step comprises: after the reduction is finished, the pressure of the vacuum tank is regulated to 50-80 kPa, the insertion depth of the dipping pipe is reduced to 0.2-0.3 m, the blowing strength of the main air brick is increased to 8-15 NL/min/ton, stirring is continued for 3-8 min, and top slag in the vacuum tank is discharged out of the dipping pipe.
5. The refining method according to claim 1, wherein the deep deoxidizing treatment step is specifically: and after the slag discharge is finished, pumping vacuum pressure to extreme vacuum, regulating the insertion depth to 0.3-0.5 m, adding aluminium block by means of vacuum material bin to implement molten steel deep deoxidation, calculating addition quantity according to 0.03-0.05% of molten steel obtained by using 0.03-0.05% of molten steel, continuously stirring for 2-3min so as to implement deep deoxidation treatment.
6. The refining method according to claim 1, wherein a wire feeder is arranged at one side of the single-nozzle refining furnace of the specific furnace type, the on-line calcium treatment process is specifically that after deep deoxidization is finished, a wire feeder feeds a rear calcium wire to a designated area W1 or W2 of the ladle liquid surface, the feeding amount is controlled to be 3-5 kg/ton of steel, and the on-line calcium treatment is completed after stirring for 2-5 min.
7. The refining method according to claim 6, wherein the titanium alloying treatment process is performed by two steps of coarse alloying in a material dividing bin and fine wire feeding control, wherein;
the coarse alloying of the material distributing bin is specifically as follows: adding titanium alloy into a vacuum bin to perform coarse blending on the Ti content of molten steel, wherein the adding amount is calculated according to 90% of the lower limit of the preset component requirement, and sampling to determine the Ti content after adding for 3-5 min;
the fine control of the wire feeding is specifically as follows: and feeding titanium wires to the designated area W1 or W2 of the ladle through a wire feeder at a part with Ti content less than the requirement of a preset component in the coarse alloying result of the material distributing bin so that the Ti content of molten steel reaches a target component.
8. The refining method according to claim 1, wherein the weak argon stirring treatment step is specifically: stirring for 2-3min after titanium alloying treatment, reducing argon blowing amount to 70-80NL/min, and breaking air after soft stirring for 4-6 min.
9. A titanium-containing stainless steel smelted in a single nozzle refining furnace, characterized in that the titanium-containing stainless steel is produced by a refining method according to any of the preceding claims 1-8.
10. The titanium-containing stainless steel of claim 9, wherein the titanium-containing stainless steel has high purity and a low probability of delamination and cracking defects during rolling.
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