CN115612776B - Production method of plain carbon steel without refining - Google Patents
Production method of plain carbon steel without refining Download PDFInfo
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- CN115612776B CN115612776B CN202211190708.9A CN202211190708A CN115612776B CN 115612776 B CN115612776 B CN 115612776B CN 202211190708 A CN202211190708 A CN 202211190708A CN 115612776 B CN115612776 B CN 115612776B
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 322
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Ar] Chemical compound [O].[Ar] VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000796 S alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
A production method of plain carbon steel without refining comprises the following steps: blast furnace- & gt molten iron pretreatment- & gt converter- & gt argon station- & gt continuous casting- & gt hot rolling; the method specifically comprises the following steps: tapping steel with high carbon pulling rate of the converter, wherein the tapping carbon is controlled to be 0.10% -0.15%; controlling Mn/S in steel to be more than or equal to 25, enabling Als to be 0.001% -0.01% after deoxidization alloying, and enabling slag thickness before argon tapping to be no more than 120mm; argon blowing time of the argon station is more than or equal to 12min, wherein soft blowing time is more than or equal to 8min; feO+MnO in the slag of the top of the ladle in the argon station is less than or equal to 1.5 percent. The invention does not need LF refining, and achieves the purpose of saving cost by omitting smelting electricity consumption, electrode consumption, slag charge consumption and the like in the refining process. Meanwhile, the defects of flocculation, corrosion of refractory materials, submerged bubbles of casting blanks and the like in the production process caused by no refining can be avoided, the product quality is ensured, and the bending and cracking phenomena in the processing process of users are prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hot rolled plate and strip process, in particular to a production method of plain carbon steel without refining.
Background
The conventional production process of the ordinary carbon steel comprises the steps of blast furnace, molten iron pretreatment, converter, LF refining and continuous casting, and the molten steel purity is improved by the uniform components through LF refining desulfurization and deoxidation, so that the production cost of the smelting method is high, and the environmental pollution risk is increased. Therefore, the production method of the plain carbon steel without refining is provided with very important practical significance.
The common carbon steel is not subjected to LF refining, and the purpose of saving cost is achieved by omitting smelting electricity consumption, electrode consumption, slag charge consumption and the like in the refining process. However, the process is easy to generate the defects of flocculation, corrosion of refractory materials, bubbles under the skin of a casting blank and the like in the implementation process, and in addition, the process is easy to cause a plurality of problems such as bending and cracking in the processing process of users, so that the production method of common carbon steel without refining is urgently needed to achieve the purposes of improving the quality control level of the product and reducing the cost.
Chinese patent document CN201410622387.4 discloses "a method for producing alloy steel with S less than or equal to 0.002% without LF refining", comprising a method for producing alloy steel with S less than or equal to 0.002% without LF refining: pretreating molten iron; before smelting the ultralow-sulfur alloy steel, flushing the converter and then smelting; adopting a double slag operation mode; adding active lime into the large tank during tapping; performing bottom argon blowing treatment; conventional desulfurization treatment; post-process operations are routinely performed. The invention has short process flow, namely, alloy steel with the sulfur content less than or equal to 0.002 percent can be produced without refining in an LF furnace, and the energy consumption of the process is reduced. However, the method involves double slag operation, and is complex in operation method and high in process difficulty.
The Chinese patent document CN202111276845.X discloses a preparation process of Q235B steel, and provides a preparation method of Q235B steel, which comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out argon blowing continuous casting on a ladle turret for continuous casting by converter smelting in a ladle pouring station; in the process, ladle flow field optimization and argon pipe connection mode transformation are carried out, so that the air permeability of the ladle is improved; carrying out desulfurization slag system research, and realizing converter tapping and argon station desulfurization through measures such as deoxidization alloy optimization; developing the calcium treatment research of an argon station, reducing the melting point of molten steel inclusions and improving the fluidity of molten steel; the continuous casting ladle turret is modified, so that an argon blowing function is realized, the desulfurization pressure of an argon station is relieved, the production rhythm is stabilized, and the molten steel is further purified. The method needs Ca treatment, is relatively complex in process and has a small application range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a production method of common carbon steel without refining, which does not need LF refining and achieves the aim of saving cost by omitting smelting electricity consumption, electrode consumption, slag charge consumption and the like in the refining process. Meanwhile, the defects of flocculation, corrosion of refractory materials, submerged bubbles of casting blanks and the like in the production process caused by no refining can be avoided, the product quality is ensured, and the bending and cracking phenomena in the processing process of users are prevented.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the production method of plain carbon steel without refining comprises the following production procedures: blast furnace- & gt molten iron pretreatment- & gt converter- & gt argon station- & gt continuous casting- & gt hot rolling; the method comprises the following steps:
1) Tapping steel with high carbon pulling rate of the converter, wherein the tapping carbon is controlled to be 0.10% -0.15%; controlling Mn/S in steel to be more than or equal to 25, enabling Als to be 0.001% -0.01% after deoxidization alloying, and enabling slag thickness before argon tapping to be no more than 120mm;
2) Argon blowing time of the argon station is more than or equal to 12min, wherein soft blowing time is more than or equal to 8min; feO+MnO in the top slag of the ladle in the argon station is less than or equal to 1.5 percent;
3) The molten steel is not subjected to calcium treatment.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
1) Smelting molten iron: the ladle edge and the ladle mouth are clean, no residual iron and residues exist, molten iron is required to be pretreated and the residues are removed, the molten iron S is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.008%, and the requirement of the procedure is met when the molten iron S enters the furnace. The Si of the molten iron is required to be more than or equal to 0.30 percent; the ratio of the added scrap steel is 5-15 wt%. According to the temperature of molten iron and the silicon content, the amount of scrap steel is reasonably matched, low-sulfur scrap steel is required, cast iron pipes and slag steel cannot be contained, and high end point sulfur is avoided.
2) The steelmaking process comprises the following steps: and the process control is enhanced, and the hit rate of the final carbon temperature is improved. And (3) high-carbon steel tapping, wherein the carbon tapping is controlled to be 0.10% -0.15%, and the steel supplementing and blowing and high-temperature steel tapping are prevented. The target primary furnace is turned down, the target oxygen at the end point is less than or equal to 600ppm, the oxygen at the end point is forbidden to be more than 700ppm, and the blowing is forbidden and the spot blowing is avoided. Mn/S control: mn control upper limit (target 0.35%) ensures Mn/S not less than 25; adding carburant in advance according to furnace pouring carbon and alloy carbon feeding quantity, carbureting and hitting as much as possible, and avoiding Ar station carbon regulation; the tapping hole meets the technological requirements, is clean and tidy, has no residual steel residue and no scattering phenomenon, and ensures the slag blocking effect. And the slag discharging amount at the mouth of the large furnace is strictly forbidden, so that the slag discharging amount is well controlled, and the addition amount of deoxidized alloy is prevented from being increased. The steel ladle clearance is controlled to be not less than 150mm, and the tapping temperature is controlled to be 1660-1674 ℃; the steel ladle is required to be clean, free of residual steel residues, good in air permeability and red-clad. According to the regulation, bottom argon blowing is well performed, argon pre-blowing is performed on a steel ladle before tapping for more than or equal to 2 minutes, the deoxidizer is added before tapping is completed, and the deoxidizer is added after tapping is strictly forbidden. Deoxidizing and alloying Als:0.001 to 0.01 percent; and (3) adding lime 0.28-0.56 kg/ton of steel in time after steel tapping alloying, and simultaneously ensuring argon blowing effect in the process, and ensuring lime melting, wherein the slag thickness before argon is no more than 120mm after steel tapping.
3) Argon station process: argon is blown for 3-4 min before oxygen determination, the argon is closed for oxygen determination, the oxygen content is controlled to be less than or equal to 50ppm, the oxygen content target is controlled to be 35-45 ppm, ferrosilicon or aluminum particles are added for deoxidization when the oxygen content is high, and the oxygen determination value is referred to, so that the dosage is reasonably adjusted; the temperature of the off-site is controlled to 1567-1577 ℃, and the temperature is required to be fixed during the process of limiting the off-site. Taking an argon post sample before leaving a station, measuring temperature and determining oxygen, adding 0.056 kg/ton steel to 0.083 kg/ton steel of aluminum particles after determining oxygen by the argon station, carrying out slag surface deoxidation by soft blowing, strictly forbidden aluminum particles to enter molten steel, and adding a carbon-free covering agent before leaving the station. FeO+MnO in the top slag of the ladle in the argon station is less than or equal to 1.5 percent; the principle is to ensure that all components and temperatures hit targets when leaving the station, and argon is blown by small air quantity before the alloy is added, so that the slag shell on the surface is blown off, and the alloy is ensured to be directly added into molten steel. And (3) adding alloy heat, adjusting components, and blowing argon for more than or equal to 3min, wherein the argon is strongly blown for more than or equal to 1min and the argon is soft blown for more than or equal to 2 min. The molten steel is ensured to be uniform in composition so as not to flow down.
When argon blowing is carried out, the exposed diameter of the surface of molten steel is ensured to be 150-250 mm, the total argon blowing time of an argon station is more than or equal to 12min, the argon blowing effect is ensured, the large argon blowing is strictly forbidden, the full removal of impurities is promoted, and the slag and secondary oxidation of molten steel are prevented.
The steel ladle enters and exits the argon station to confirm whether the steel ladle is deflected, and if the deflection phenomenon exists, the steel ladle must be landed and seated before being put on a casting machine.
4) The continuous casting process comprises the following steps: the temperature of the platform is 1562-1572 ℃, the baking of the tundish meets the process requirement, the liquid level of the continuous casting tundish is ensured to be more than 400mm, and slag is prevented from being rolled. The temperature of the tundish is 1535-1549 ℃, argon is blown into the tundish for more than or equal to 2min before casting, and the flow rate of the argon is 5-10L/min; after the tundish covering agent is added, the argon can be shut off. Checking whether the argon of the protective sleeve is normal or not before casting, sealing the protective sleeve by adopting a sealing ring, and striving to be installed in place once and ensuring the verticality of the sleeve; and during normal casting, the standard is that the liquid surface of the pouring opening of the tundish is jogged and the molten steel is not exposed. The continuous casting is performed with whole-course protection casting, the slag discharging amount of the ladle is strictly controlled, and the long ladle nozzle is ensured to be inserted into the molten steel below the liquid level by not less than 250mm; the furnace purging of the sleeve furnace is protected, the bowl part of the water gap is ensured to be free of residual steel, and the residue of the purging residual steel cannot enter the tundish. The ladle must fall to the lowest position when the ladle is normally poured, so that the proper insertion depth of the protective sleeve is ensured, and the liquid level of molten steel is not exposed. The furnace purging of the sleeve furnace is protected, the bowl part of the water gap is ensured to be free of residual steel, and the residue of the purging residual steel cannot enter the tundish. The constant pulling speed is stable to control, the pulling speed is controlled to be not more than 0.1m/min each time of fluctuation, the time interval is more than 1min, and the fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer is not more than +/-10 mm.
Checking casting blanks: and (3) strengthening the online inspection of the casting blank, particularly crack inspection, finding out a problem, marking in time, and informing the offline cleaning of the casting blank. The casting blank with the rolling specification thickness of more than or equal to 15mm is required to be subjected to full-down line corner cleaning, and the specific inspection and cleaning system is executed according to relevant steel-making regulations.
The invention adopts active lime, has moderate block degree and ensures dryness, and the S content of lime is not more than 0.050 percent. The alloy and tundish covering agent remain dry. The production rhythm is well controlled in the production process, the casting machine is not equal to water, the water pressure is less than or equal to 35min (the target is less than or equal to 25 min), and the converter period and the argon blowing time of the argon station are ensured. Continuous casting requires a certain pace and needs to be fully matched with a steelmaking and argon station. The step of waiting for water is that the furnace is completely poured, and the furnace at the back is not on the rotary table of the casting machine, so that the rhythm is delayed and the casting is cut off. The term "pressurized water" means that the front ladle is not poured yet, the rear ladle is too fast and too early, and the molten steel at the rear ladle is easy to be cooled too much, so that the casting is disadvantageous. Both aspects are limited.
The steel grade of the invention is preferably suitable for Q235B, and the steel comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.13 to 0.20 percent of C, 0.12 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, 0.005 to 0.015 percent of Als and [ O ]]≤60×10 -6 The balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) Through controlling Mn/S, als after deoxidization alloying and slag thickness before argon tapping, sulfide and alumina inclusion content in molten steel are reduced, and the possibility of bending and cracking in the use process of a user is reduced;
2) The tapping carbon is controlled to be 0.10% -0.15% through high carbon drawing, so that the oxidizing property of molten steel is reduced, and the addition amount of deoxidized aluminum is reduced;
3) Argon is blown in the argon station for more than or equal to 12min, soft blowing time is more than or equal to 8min, and carbon is pulled through high, so that removal of deoxidized products is improved by ensuring enough argon blowing time of the argon station, flocculation flow in the casting process is avoided, and the castability of molten steel is improved. Simultaneously, the defects of bubbles and the like under the skin of a casting blank are effectively avoided;
4) The FeO+MnO in the top slag of the ladle in the argon station is less than or equal to 1.5%, the diffusion deoxidization effect is enhanced, and the oxygen content in the steel is further reduced;
5) The oxidizing property of molten steel is controlled, the sulfur content is reduced, and the molten steel can meet the purity requirement of the molten steel and the continuous casting requirement without calcium treatment;
6) By reducing the LF refining process, no consumption exists in the refining process, such as smelting electricity consumption, electrode consumption, slag consumption and the like, thereby achieving the purpose of saving cost. In addition, the steel of the invention has wider component intervals and can be continuously cast with a plurality of steel types such as SS400, A36, Q235A, Q235C, Q D and the like, thereby indirectly reducing the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, which are merely illustrative of the best modes of carrying out the invention, and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Example 1:
the process comprises the following steps of blast furnace, molten iron pretreatment, converter, argon station, continuous casting:
1. pretreating molten iron and removing slag, wherein S is 0.007%, and molten iron [ Si ] is 0.33%;
2. 20.5 tons of low-sulfur scrap steel, 158.9 tons of molten iron, 1671 ℃ tapping temperature, 0.11 percent of tapping carbon and 431ppm of terminal oxygen;
3. adding carburant in advance according to furnace pouring carbon and alloy carbon feeding quantity, and carrying out primary carburetion hit;
4. the steel tapping hole meets the process requirement, and the steel ladle clearance is 160mm;
5. pre-blowing argon into a steel ladle for 5min before tapping, adding 80kg of lime after alloying tapping, and simultaneously ensuring the argon blowing effect in the process and ensuring lime melting;
6. the outlet temperature is required to be within a limit and can be separated from the station, and the temperature is fixed according to the requirement. Taking an argon post sample before leaving a station, measuring temperature and determining oxygen, adding 10kg of aluminum particles into the argon station for slag surface deoxidation after determining oxygen and soft blowing, and strictly forbidden the aluminum particles to enter molten steel;
7. before leaving the station, adding a carbon-free covering agent, wherein the periphery of the surface of the ladle is mainly used when the carbon-free covering agent is added. The FeO+MnO of the ladle top slag of the argon station is 1.40 percent;
8. argon station oxygen determination: argon is blown for 4min before oxygen is fixed in each furnace, the oxygen is fixed by closing the argon, and the oxygen is 41ppm;
9. each component meets the standard requirement when leaving the station, and the leaving temperature is 1572 ℃;
10. the exposed diameter of the surface of molten steel is 190mm and the time is 16min when argon is blown, so that the argon blowing effect is ensured, the argon blowing is strictly forbidden, the full removal of impurities is promoted, and the slag of molten steel and secondary oxidation are prevented.
11. 150kg of covering agent is added in the argon outlet station, and the addition is uniform, so that the heat preservation effect is ensured; the platform temperature is 1570 ℃;
12. the tundish baking meets the process requirements, the liquid level of the continuous casting tundish is 430mm, and no slag is found. The temperature of the tundish is 1545 ℃, long nozzle argon seal and tundish argon blowing protection pouring are adopted, argon blowing is carried out on the tundish for 4min before pouring, and argon is closed after the tundish covering agent is added.
13. The argon of the protective sleeve is normal, the protective sleeve is sealed by a sealing ring, and the protective sleeve is installed in place once; the flow rate of the argon meter is 8L/min, the liquid level of the pouring spout of the tundish is micro-moved, and the molten steel is not exposed;
14. the ladle long nozzle is inserted 260mm below the liquid level of molten steel. The protection sleeve is purged, and the bowl part of the water gap is free of residue steel;
15. constant pull rate, fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer is +/-5 mm;
16. checking a casting blank on line, wherein defects such as cracks and the like are not found;
17. the hot rolling is performed in accordance with the relevant specifications.
Example 2:
the process comprises the following steps of blast furnace, molten iron pretreatment, converter, argon station, continuous casting:
1. pretreating molten iron and removing slag, wherein S is 0.006%, and molten iron [ Si ] is 0.31%;
2. 21 tons of low-sulfur scrap steel, 159 tons of molten iron, 1674 ℃ of tapping temperature, 0.10 percent of tapping carbon and 450ppm of terminal oxygen;
3. adding carburant in advance according to furnace pouring carbon and alloy carbon feeding quantity, and carrying out primary carburetion hit;
4. the steel tapping hole meets the process requirement, and the steel ladle clearance is 155mm;
5. pre-blowing argon into a steel ladle for 4min before tapping, adding 90kg of lime after alloying tapping, and simultaneously ensuring the argon blowing effect in the process and ensuring lime melting;
6. the outlet temperature is required to be within a limit and can be separated from the station, and the temperature is fixed according to the requirement. Taking an argon post sample before leaving a station, measuring temperature and determining oxygen, adding 15kg of aluminum particles into the argon station for deoxidizing the slag surface after determining oxygen and soft blowing, and strictly prohibiting the aluminum particles from entering molten steel;
7. before leaving the station, adding a carbon-free covering agent, wherein the periphery of the surface of the ladle is mainly used when the carbon-free covering agent is added. The FeO+MnO of the ladle top slag of the argon station is 1.45%;
8. argon station oxygen determination: argon is blown for 4min before oxygen is fixed in each furnace, and the oxygen is turned off for 35ppm;
9. each component meets the standard requirement when leaving the station, and the leaving temperature is 1574 ℃;
10. the exposed diameter of the surface of the molten steel is 200mm and the time is 15min when argon is blown, so that the argon blowing effect is ensured, the argon blowing is strictly forbidden, the full removal of impurities is promoted, and the slag of molten steel and secondary oxidation are prevented.
11. 150kg of covering agent is added in the argon outlet station, and the addition is uniform, so that the heat preservation effect is ensured; the platform temperature is 1571 ℃;
12. the tundish baking meets the process requirements, the liquid level of the continuous casting tundish is 420mm, and no slag is found. The temperature of the tundish is 1547 ℃, long nozzle argon seal and tundish argon blowing protection pouring are adopted, argon is blown into the tundish for 3min before pouring, and argon is closed after the tundish covering agent is added.
13. The argon of the protective sleeve is normal, the protective sleeve is sealed by a sealing ring, and the protective sleeve is installed in place once; the flow rate of the argon meter is 8L/min, the liquid level of the pouring spout of the tundish is micro-moved, and the molten steel is not exposed;
14. the ladle long nozzle is inserted 270mm below the liquid level of molten steel. The protection sleeve is purged, and the bowl part of the water gap is free of residue steel;
15. constant pull rate, fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer is +/-7 mm;
16. checking a casting blank on line, wherein defects such as cracks and the like are not found;
17. the hot rolling is performed in accordance with the relevant specifications.
Example 3:
the process comprises the following steps of blast furnace, molten iron pretreatment, converter, argon station, continuous casting:
1. pretreating molten iron and removing slag, wherein S is 0.005%, and molten iron [ Si ] is 0.33%;
2. 22.5 tons of low-sulfur scrap steel, 156.7 tons of molten iron, the tapping temperature is 1663 ℃, the tapping carbon is controlled at 0.11 percent, and the terminal oxygen is 443ppm;
3. adding carburant in advance according to furnace pouring carbon and alloy carbon feeding quantity, and carrying out primary carburetion hit;
4. the steel tapping hole meets the process requirements, and the steel ladle clearance is 168mm;
5. pre-blowing argon into a steel ladle for 3min before tapping, adding lime 100kg after alloying tapping, and simultaneously ensuring argon blowing effect in the process and lime melting;
6. the outlet temperature is required to be within a limit and can be separated from the station, and the temperature is fixed according to the requirement. Taking an argon post sample before leaving a station, measuring temperature and determining oxygen, adding 11kg of aluminum particles into the argon station for slag surface deoxidation after determining oxygen and soft blowing, and strictly forbidden the aluminum particles to enter molten steel;
7. before leaving the station, adding a carbon-free covering agent, wherein the periphery of the surface of the ladle is mainly used when the carbon-free covering agent is added. The FeO+MnO of the ladle top slag of the argon station is 1.30 percent;
8. argon station oxygen determination: argon is blown for 3min before oxygen is fixed in each furnace, the argon is closed for oxygen fixation, and the oxygen is 47ppm;
9. each component meets the standard requirement when leaving the station, and the leaving temperature is 1573 ℃;
10. the exposed diameter of the surface of the molten steel is 160mm and the time is 16min when argon is blown, so that the argon blowing effect is ensured, the argon blowing is strictly forbidden, the full removal of impurities is promoted, and the slag of molten steel and secondary oxidation are prevented.
11. 150kg of covering agent is added in the argon outlet station, and the addition is uniform, so that the heat preservation effect is ensured; the platform temperature is 1569 ℃;
12. the baking of the tundish meets the process requirement, the liquid level of the continuous casting tundish is 450mm, and no slag is found. The temperature of the tundish is 1548 ℃, long nozzle argon sealing and tundish argon blowing protection pouring are adopted, argon blowing is carried out on the tundish for 4min before pouring, and argon is closed after the tundish covering agent is added.
13. The argon of the protective sleeve is normal, the protective sleeve is sealed by a sealing ring, and the protective sleeve is installed in place once; the flow rate of the argon meter is 7L/min, the liquid level of the pouring spout of the tundish is micro-moved, and the molten steel is not exposed;
14. the ladle long nozzle is inserted 270mm below the liquid level of molten steel. The protection sleeve is purged, and the bowl part of the water gap is free of residue steel;
15. constant pull rate, fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer is +/-5 mm;
16. checking a casting blank on line, wherein defects such as cracks and the like are not found;
17. the hot rolling is performed in accordance with the relevant specifications.
Example 4:
the process comprises the following steps of blast furnace, molten iron pretreatment, converter, argon station, continuous casting:
1. pretreating molten iron and removing slag, wherein S is 0.005%, and molten iron [ Si ] is 0.35%;
2. 23.5 tons of low-sulfur scrap steel, 155.6 tons of molten iron, 1670 ℃ of tapping temperature, 0.14 percent of tapping carbon and 405ppm of terminal oxygen;
3. adding carburant in advance according to furnace pouring carbon and alloy carbon feeding quantity, and carrying out primary carburetion hit;
4. the steel tapping hole meets the process requirement, and the steel ladle clearance is 165mm;
5. pre-blowing argon into a steel ladle for 5min before tapping, adding 70kg of lime after alloying tapping, and simultaneously ensuring the argon blowing effect in the process and ensuring lime melting;
6. the outlet temperature is required to be within a limit and can be separated from the station, and the temperature is fixed according to the requirement. Taking an argon post sample before leaving a station, measuring temperature and determining oxygen, adding 13kg of aluminum particles for slag surface deoxidation after oxygen determination of the argon station and soft blowing, and strictly prohibiting the aluminum particles from entering molten steel;
7. before leaving the station, adding a carbon-free covering agent, wherein the periphery of the surface of the ladle is mainly used when the carbon-free covering agent is added. The FeO+MnO of the ladle top slag of the argon station is 1.35 percent;
8. argon station oxygen determination: argon is blown for 4min before oxygen is fixed in each furnace, the argon is closed for oxygen fixation, and the oxygen is 38ppm;
9. each component meets the standard requirement when leaving the station, and the leaving temperature is 1571 ℃;
10. the exposed diameter of the surface of molten steel is 190mm and the time is 16min when argon is blown, so that the argon blowing effect is ensured, the argon blowing is strictly forbidden, the full removal of impurities is promoted, and the slag of molten steel and secondary oxidation are prevented.
11. 150kg of covering agent is added in the argon outlet station, and the addition is uniform, so that the heat preservation effect is ensured; the platform temperature is 1566 ℃;
12. the tundish baking meets the process requirements, the liquid level of the continuous casting tundish is 440mm, and no slag is found. The temperature of the tundish is 1549 ℃, long nozzle argon sealing and tundish argon blowing protection pouring are adopted, argon blowing is carried out on the tundish for 4min before pouring, and argon is closed after the tundish covering agent is added.
13. The argon of the protective sleeve is normal, the protective sleeve is sealed by a sealing ring, and the protective sleeve is installed in place once; the flow rate of the argon meter is 6L/min, the liquid level of the pouring spout of the tundish is micro-moved, and the molten steel is not exposed;
14. the ladle long nozzle is inserted 260mm below the liquid level of molten steel. The protection sleeve is purged, and the bowl part of the water gap is free of residue steel;
15. constant pull rate, fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer is +/-5 mm;
16. checking a casting blank on line, wherein defects such as cracks and the like are not found;
17. the hot rolling is performed in accordance with the relevant specifications.
Example 5:
the process comprises the following steps of blast furnace, molten iron pretreatment, converter, argon station, continuous casting:
1. pretreating molten iron and removing slag, wherein S is 0.006%, and molten iron [ Si ] is 0.34%;
2. 23.7 tons of low-sulfur scrap steel, 160.5 tons of molten iron, the tapping temperature is 1666 ℃, the tapping carbon is controlled at 0.10%, and the terminal oxygen is 488ppm;
3. adding carburant in advance according to furnace pouring carbon and alloy carbon feeding quantity, and carrying out primary carburetion hit;
4. the steel tapping hole meets the process requirement, and the steel ladle clearance is 165mm;
5. pre-blowing argon into a steel ladle for 3min before tapping, adding 80kg of lime after alloying tapping, and simultaneously ensuring the argon blowing effect in the process and ensuring lime melting;
6. the outlet temperature is required to be within a limit and can be separated from the station, and the temperature is fixed according to the requirement. Taking an argon post sample before leaving a station, measuring temperature and determining oxygen, adding 15kg of aluminum particles into the argon station for deoxidizing the slag surface after determining oxygen and soft blowing, and strictly prohibiting the aluminum particles from entering molten steel;
7. before leaving the station, adding a carbon-free covering agent, wherein the periphery of the surface of the ladle is mainly used when the carbon-free covering agent is added. The FeO+MnO of the ladle top slag of the argon station is 1.45%;
8. argon station oxygen determination: argon is blown for 3min before oxygen is fixed in each furnace, the argon is closed for oxygen fixation, and the oxygen is 50ppm;
9. each component meets the standard requirement when leaving the station, and the leaving temperature is 1573 ℃;
10. the exposed diameter of the surface of molten steel is 205mm and the time is 14min when argon is blown, so that the argon blowing effect is ensured, the argon blowing is strictly forbidden, the full removal of impurities is promoted, and the slag of molten steel and secondary oxidation are prevented.
11. 140kg of covering agent is added in the argon outlet station, and the addition is uniform, so that the heat preservation effect is ensured; the platform temperature is 1567 ℃;
12. the tundish baking meets the process requirements, the liquid level of the continuous casting tundish is 440mm, and no slag is found. The temperature of the tundish is 1549 ℃, long nozzle argon sealing and tundish argon blowing protection pouring are adopted, argon blowing is carried out on the tundish for 5min before pouring, and argon is closed after the tundish covering agent is added.
13. The argon of the protective sleeve is normal, the protective sleeve is sealed by a sealing ring, and the protective sleeve is installed in place once; the flow rate of the argon meter is 8L/min, the liquid level of the pouring spout of the tundish is micro-moved, and the molten steel is not exposed;
14. the ladle long nozzle is inserted 270mm below the liquid level of molten steel. The protection sleeve is purged, and the bowl part of the water gap is free of residue steel;
15. constant pull rate, fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer is +/-5 mm;
16. checking a casting blank on line, wherein defects such as cracks and the like are not found;
17. the hot rolling is performed in accordance with the relevant specifications.
The compositions of the steels of examples 1-5 are shown in Table 1; the results of the hot rolled coil inclusion sampling analysis of examples 1-5 are shown in Table 2; the results of the mechanical property measurements of examples 1-5 are shown in Table 3.
Table 1 chemical composition in example steels
| Element(s) | C(％) | Si(％) | Mn(％) | P(％) | S(％) | Als(％) | 0(％) | Mn/S |
| Example 1 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.29 | 0.018 | 0.010 | 0.010 | 38×10 -6 | 29 |
| Example 2 | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.32 | 0.015 | 0.009 | 0.012 | 41×10 -6 | 36 |
| Example 3 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.35 | 0,014 | 0.012 | 0.014 | 29×10 -6 | 29 |
| Example 4 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.33 | 0.016 | 0.010 | 0.010 | 35×10 -6 | 33 |
| Example 5 | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.36 | 0.012 | 0.013 | 0.010 | 33×10 -6 | 28 |
Table 2 results of analysis for hot rolled coil inclusion sampling
As is clear from Table 2, the inclusions in the steel of the present invention were effectively controlled.
TABLE 3 mechanical property test results
| Project | yield/MPa | Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation/% | +20 impact/J | Cold bending |
| Standard of | ≥235 | 370-500 | ≥26 | ≥27 | |
| Example 1 | 308 | 435 | 35.5 | 62 | Qualified product |
| Example 2 | 322 | 460 | 34.0 | 59 | Qualified product |
| Example 3 | 312 | 440 | 35.5 | 65 | Qualified product |
| Example 4 | 303 | 433 | 36.5 | 67 | Qualified product |
| Example 5 | 311 | 446 | 37.0 | 68 | Qualified product |
The structure in the steel is ferrite and pearlite, the crystal grains are fine, the grain size grade is 7-8, and the mechanical property meets the requirements of product performance and quality.
The product material of the embodiment of the invention is used for the elevator component after being longitudinally sheared, bent and cold plated by certain elevator component limited company in Suzhou, the plate shape and the surface quality are good in the use process, defects such as bending and cracking are avoided, and users are satisfied with the quality representation of the batch of material objects.
Claims (5)
1. The production method of the plain carbon steel without refining is characterized by comprising the following production procedures: blast furnace- & gt molten iron pretreatment- & gt converter- & gt argon station- & gt continuous casting- & gt hot rolling; the method comprises the following steps:
1) Tapping steel with high carbon pulling rate of the converter, wherein the tapping carbon is controlled to be 0.10% -0.15%; controlling Mn/S in steel to be more than or equal to 25, enabling Als to be 0.001% -0.01% after deoxidization alloying, and enabling slag thickness to be no more than 120mm before entering an argon station after tapping;
2) Argon blowing time of the argon station is more than or equal to 12min, wherein soft blowing time is more than or equal to 8min; feO+MnO in the top slag of the ladle in the argon station is less than or equal to 1.5 percent;
3) The molten steel is not subjected to calcium treatment;
the specific method comprises the following steps:
1) The steelmaking process comprises the following steps: high-carbon steel tapping, wherein the carbon tapping is controlled to be 0.10% -0.15%, the oxygen target of the end point is less than or equal to 600ppm, and the Mn/S is controlled to be more than or equal to 25; the steel ladle clearance is controlled to be not less than 150mm, and the tapping temperature is controlled to be 1660-1674 ℃; pre-blowing argon into a steel ladle before tapping for more than or equal to 2min, adding a deoxidizer before tapping is completed, and deoxidizing and alloying Als:0.001% -0.01%; adding lime after alloying steel, wherein the addition amount of the lime is 0.28-0.56 kg/ton of steel, and the slag thickness is no more than 120mm before entering an argon station after steel tapping;
2) Argon station process: argon is blown for 3-4 min before oxygen determination, the argon oxygen determination is closed, the oxygen content is controlled to be less than or equal to 50ppm, the off-site temperature is controlled to be 1567-1577 ℃, aluminum particles are added for slag surface deoxidation after the oxygen determination of an argon station and at the beginning of soft blowing, the addition amount of the aluminum particles is 0.056-0.083 kg/ton of steel, the aluminum particles are strictly forbidden to enter molten steel, a carbon-free covering agent is added before the off-site operation, and FeO+MnO in the top slag of a steel ladle of the argon station is less than or equal to 1.5%; the exposed diameter of the surface of the molten steel is 150-250 mm when argon is blown, and the total argon blowing time of an argon station is more than or equal to 12min;
3) The continuous casting process comprises the following steps: the temperature of the platform is 1562-1572 ℃, the liquid level of a continuous casting tundish is ensured to be more than 400mm, argon blowing of the tundish before casting is more than or equal to 2min, casting is protected in the whole continuous casting process, the temperature of the tundish is 1535-1549 ℃, and the large ladle long nozzle is ensured to be inserted below the liquid level of the tundish to be not less than 250mm; the pulling speed is controlled to be no more than 0.1m/min each time of fluctuation, the fluctuation time interval is no more than 1min, and the fluctuation of the liquid level of the crystallizer is no more than 10mm.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the oxygen content is controlled to be 35-45 ppm, and ferrosilicon or aluminum particles are added for deoxidization when the oxygen content is high.
3. The method for producing plain carbon steel without refining according to claim 1, wherein the argon flow rate of argon blowing in the tundish in the step 3) is 5-10L/min.
4. The method for producing plain carbon steel without refining according to claim 1, wherein molten iron is smelted: controlling the molten iron S to be less than or equal to 0.008 percent and controlling the molten iron Si to be more than or equal to 0.30 percent; the ratio of the added scrap steel is 5-15 wt%.
5. The method for producing plain carbon steel without refining according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the steel comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.13 to 0.20 percent of C, 0.12 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S,Als 0.005%～0.015%、[O]≤60×10 -6 The balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
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| CN114854935A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-05 | 宝武集团鄂城钢铁有限公司 | Deoxidation smelting method for slab Q235 steel and slab Q235 steel |
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| CN106566911A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-04-19 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Treating method for molten plain carbon steel used for continuous casting of slab |
| CN111041367A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-21 | 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 | Method for preventing carbon high-silicon low-manganese steel from flocculating in billet |
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