CN116333524A

CN116333524A - Cleaning agent for removing paint on surface of stone relic and use method

Info

Publication number: CN116333524A
Application number: CN202310178867.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张孜江; 刘宇; 韦荃
Original assignee: Sichuan museum
Current assignee: Sichuan museum
Priority date: 2023-02-28
Filing date: 2023-02-28
Publication date: 2023-06-27

Abstract

The invention discloses a cleaning agent for removing paint on the surface of stone relics and a use method, wherein the cleaning agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-35% of benzyl alcohol; 30-35% of anisole; hydrogen peroxide 20-30%; 3-8% of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; 1-3% of methyl cellulose. According to the invention, anisole serving as a cosolvent, hydrogen peroxide serving as an accelerator, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide serving as a surfactant and methyl cellulose serving as a thickener are synergistic, and the solvent with high permeability permeates into a paint film molecular chain segment to break part of chemical bonds, so that a paint film swells and softens to damage the space structure of the paint film molecule, the binding force with a substrate is reduced, and then the paint film is separated from the substrate, thereby achieving the purpose of removal. The cleaning agent does not react with the stone itself, has no damage to stone cultural relics, and has good cleaning effect and no residue.

Description

Cleaning agent for removing paint on surface of stone relic and use method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of stone relic protection, in particular to a cleaning agent for removing paint on the surface of stone relic and a use method thereof.

Background

The stone cave temple and stone carving cultural relics are an important component part of non-movable cultural relics in China, and are typical representatives of stone cultural relics in Moya class in Sichuan areas. The Sichuan area is used as one of areas with more relics of advanced grotto temple and cliff statues in China, and the cliff statues have the characteristics of various themes, rich contents, buddha, dense land, tang Song fine products and the like, and bear a large amount of religious artistic culture information. At present, sichuan provinces share more than 2000 stone cave temple and stone carving cultural relics, so that the number is numerous, the distribution range is wide, the distribution is dispersed, and the management of the cultural relics is difficult to achieve mainly small and medium-sized stone cave. According to the research in 2018 of the cultural relics bureau of Sichuan province, more than 500 places of stone-engraved cultural relics are colored by people, namely, the surface of the cultural relics is coated with a layer of modern paint material, so that the appearance of the cultural relics is affected, and the cultural relics are damaged to a certain extent. The cliff-like body in Sichuan area is basically made of sandstone, has loose structure, is more in calcareous and argillaceous cementing materials, and is easily subjected to volume expansion by erosion of water so as to be weathered. The surface pores of the sandstone rock mass are larger, and the mountain body where the grotto temple statue is located and the moisture in the air circulate and exchange through the rock pores. Because the paint adopted by the makeup color is a modern industrial product, most of the paint is compact membranous, has poor air permeability, is very easy to block the normal water-air exchange channel of the cliff rock mass, and leads to the weathering and falling of the rock mass surface in blocks or flakes; meanwhile, the paint painted on the surface of the stone cave temple is different from sandstone rock mass, the stone cave temple is exposed to the outdoor environment for a long time, and after environmental changes such as expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the surface of the paint layer is subjected to more stress when tortoise cracks and large cracks are generated on the surface of the paint layer, so that the weathering of the rock layer is accelerated, the weathering of the rock layer is aggravated, and the surface is easy to form blocky or flaky weathering and flaking. In the first step of protecting the wild stone hole temple, paint pollutants covered on the surface of the rock body should be completely removed, the original appearance of the cultural relics is restored, and further protection work is carried out on the basis.

At present, the following main methods are used for removing the surface pollutants of stone relics:

(1) Mechanical method: the technical method is simple and convenient to operate, can be widely applied to cleaning of cultural relics, but can only be used for cleaning of small-area pollutants, is time-consuming and labor-consuming for large-area pollutant operation, is difficult to clean completely, is difficult to control strength by manual operation, and is easy to leave mechanical damage on the surface of the cultural relics.

(2) Steam cleaning method: the method is applied to cleaning engineering of ancient masonry building, decorative stone and the like more; although steam cleaning has a good effect, cleaning equipment is often heavy and is not suitable for field operation, and certain limitation exists.

(3) Laser cleaning method: the pulse laser is used for carrying out fixed-point irradiation on pollutants on the surface of the cultural relic, and after the particles of the pollutants absorb laser energy, reactions such as thermal expansion, photodecomposition, gasification and the like are carried out, so that the particles leave the surface of the cultural relic, and the aim of cleaning and removing is fulfilled. The method can well make up the defects of the traditional method, especially on the microscopic level, and has very good application effect on small-particle pollutants. For a large amount of paint pollutants covered on the surface of the cultural relics, the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the cleaning efficiency is low, and the size and weight of equipment limit the application of the method in the wild stone mosque.

(4) Chemical cleaning method: the chemical cleaning agent is coated on the surface of the pollutant to make the pollutant react with the pollutant, and the pollutant permeates into the rock micropores to remove the pollutant selectively, so that the pollutant is separated from the surface of the cultural relic. The chemical reagent cleaning comprises acid cleaning, alkali cleaning, alcohol acetone cleaning and other pure solvent cleaning, and the like, and the prior literature already reports that the chemical solvent can swell a paint film, but the cleaning agents contain acid and are easy to react and dissolve with stone bodies, so that secondary damage is caused to stone relics, and particularly for stone relics with serious weathering, chemical reaction is easy to occur with a weathering layer, so that the weathering process is accelerated.

Therefore, the chemical cleaning method is the most convenient and quick method for cleaning the paint on the surface of the stone relic, and can also clean the stone relic with large-area paint and make-up colors on the surface, but the cleaning agent reported at present is difficult to achieve the ideal effect and cannot be used for cleaning the paint on the surface of the stone relic.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the cleaning agent in the prior art cannot be used for cleaning paint on the surface of stone relics, provides a cleaning agent for removing the paint on the surface of stone relics and a use method thereof, mainly aims at developing a cleaning technology research on paint materials on the imaging surfaces of stone holes, and provides a novel cleaning technology and a novel cleaning method. The cleaning method aims at the paint pollutant removal efficiency on the surface of the stone relic, has good effect and less residue, has small influence on the body of the stone relic, is simple and convenient to operate, and can effectively remove the oil decoration layer on the surface of the relic, thereby providing a novel material, method and means for cleaning the surface of the stone relic, providing technical basis for the cleaning engineering of the oil decoration color pollutant on the surface of the stone relic to be continuously developed in the later period, and providing a reference for the cleaning method of the pollutant on the surface of other stone relics.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the cleaning agent for removing the paint on the surface of the stone relic comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-35% of benzyl alcohol; 30-35% of anisole; hydrogen peroxide 20-30%; 3-8% of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; 1-3% of methyl cellulose.

According to the technical scheme, benzyl alcohol is used as a main solvent in components of the cleaning agent, anisole is used as a cosolvent, hydrogen peroxide is used as an accelerator, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is used as a surfactant, methyl cellulose is used as a thickener, a paint film of the paint can be removed, the components in the cleaning agent mainly depend on the synergistic effect of each component in the formula, and the solvent with high permeability permeates into a paint film molecular chain segment to break part of chemical bonds, so that the paint film swells and softens, the space structure of paint film molecules is damaged, the binding force with a base material is reduced, and then the paint film is separated from the base material, so that the purpose of removal is achieved; the benzyl alcohol has small molecular weight and strong penetrability, and can be filled into gaps of organic macromolecular chain segments of a paint film, so that the volume of a macromolecular material of the paint film is increased and swelling occurs; anisole cooperated with the main solvent molecules goes deep into a paint film to accelerate the swelling speed; the hydrogen peroxide can be combined with the main solvent to generate a stronger synergistic effect, so that the swelling of a paint film is promoted; cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is favorable for swelling and falling off of a paint film, and is also favorable for stabilizing the cleaning agent, and methyl cellulose increases the viscosity of the cleaning agent.

Further, the hydrogen peroxide is 30% hydrogen peroxide.

Further, the cleaning agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 31-35% of benzyl alcohol; 31-35% of anisole, 25-30% of hydrogen peroxide and 4-6% of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; 1-3% of methyl cellulose.

Further, the cleaning agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 33.3% of benzyl alcohol; anisole 33.3%, hydrogen peroxide 25%, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 5%; 3.3% of methyl cellulose.

Further, the cleaning agent is used for polyester paint or epoxy resin paint.

The invention also provides a use method of the cleaning agent for removing the paint on the surface of the stone relic, which comprises the following steps:

s1, preprocessing the surface to be cleaned on a stone relic;

s2, smearing the cleaning agent prepared according to the components of the cleaning agent on a surface to be cleaned, and standing for 10-30min;

and S3, after the paint film of the paint swells, removing the paint film, and simultaneously removing the used cleaning agent.

The cleaning agent is used for cleaning paint pollutants on the surface of the stone relic, and the surface of the stone relic is pretreated before cleaning, so that the cleaning efficiency is improved; then the cleaning agent is smeared on the surface to be cleaned, after standing for a period of time, the paint film is swelled and then cleaned, and the cleaning agent is softened and falls off by slowly infiltrating pollutants.

Furthermore, the pretreatment of the surface of the stone relic adopts water to clean water-soluble dirt on the surface, and the water-soluble dirt can be washed away to expose paint, so that the swelling effect of the cleaning agent on a paint film is facilitated, and the cleaning agent is easier to clean.

Further, the thickness of the paint film is 10-200 μm. Further, the thickness of the paint film is 10-100 μm. The paint film is too thick, the cleaning agent is not easy to permeate into the paint film, and the cleaning agent is not favorable for cleaning paint, especially when large-area paint is cleaned, the cleaning agent is better in cleaning, and has higher cleaning efficiency, wherein the thickness of the paint film is 10-100 mu m.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the components of the cleaning agent of the invention, namely benzyl alcohol as a main solvent, anisole as a cosolvent, hydrogen peroxide as an accelerator, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as a surfactant and methyl cellulose as a thickener, can be cleaned, and the paint film of the paint mainly relies on the synergistic effect of all the components in the cleaning agent formula, and the solvent with stronger permeability permeates into a paint film molecular chain segment to break part of chemical bonds, so that the paint film swells and softens to break the space structure of the paint film molecules, reduce the binding force with a substrate, and then is separated from the substrate, thereby achieving the purpose of removal.

2. The cleaning agent disclosed by the invention is weakly acidic, can not chemically react with stone, has no damage to stone cultural relics, and has a good cleaning effect and no residue.

3. According to the invention, the cleaning agent is used for cleaning paint pollutants on the surface of the stone relic, and the pretreatment of the surface of the stone relic is carried out before cleaning, so that the cleaning efficiency is improved; the cleaning agent is smeared on the surface to be cleaned, the paint film is cleaned after being swelled for a period of time, and the paint film is softened and falls off by slowly soaking the paint film.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a graph showing swelling time of paint films treated with detergent in different proportions of benzyl alcohol and anisole in example 2;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing swelling time of paint films treated by cleaning agents with different amounts of hydrogen peroxide in example 3;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the swelling time of paint films treated with the cleaning agent of example 4 with different amounts of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide;

FIG. 4 shows the diagram of Zhao Qiao rock cavern stone relics of example 6 (a) before cleaning and (b) after cleaning;

FIG. 5 shows the graph of the Wenchang uterine grotto stone relics of example 6 (a) before cleaning and (b) after cleaning;

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments, and all techniques realized based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Benzyl alcohol, anisole, hydrogen peroxide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB) and methyl cellulose adopted in the embodiment of the invention are all analytically pure, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is 30% hydrogen peroxide.

Example 1

The present example shows the effect of different solvents on paint, the solvents selected are benzyl alcohol, anisole, hydrogen peroxide and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, the polyester paint or the epoxy resin paint is treated by the solvents with different combinations respectively, the reaction of the paint film is observed after 30min, and the test results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 results of the effect of different solvents on the paint films

Solvent(s)	Polyester paint	Epoxy resin paint	Solvent(s)	Polyester paint	Epoxy resin paint
						1	—	—	1+2+3	Impermeable to	Impermeable to
2	—	—	1+3+4	Can be swelled	Can be swelled
						3	—	—	1+3+5	Cannot be swelled	Cannot be swelled
4	—	—	2+3+4	Cannot be swelled	Cannot be swelled
						1+2	Impermeable to	Impermeable to	2+3+5	Cannot be swelled	Cannot be swelled
1+3	—	—	1+2+3+4	Rapidly swell	Rapidly swell
						2+3	Impermeable to	Impermeable to	1+2+3+5	Impermeable to	Impermeable to
4+3	Surface softening	Surface softening	1+2+3+4+5	Can be swelled	Can be swelled

Note that: 1: benzyl alcohol; 2: anisole; 3: CTMAB;4:30% hydrogen peroxide; 5: methyl cellulose; -: indicating no reaction.

According to the results in Table 2, no single component solvent can act on the paint film, and only the combination of hydrogen peroxide and CTMAB in the two-component combination can soften the paint film, which indicates that the combined action of the components is required for swelling and cleaning the paint film. The combination of benzyl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide and CTMAB can make the paint film swell and soften; the combination of benzyl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, CTMAB and anisole accelerates the swelling speed of the paint film, which shows that the anisole has a promoting effect on the swelling process of the paint film; the addition of methylcellulose can change the viscosity of the cleaning agent. The benzyl alcohol has small molecular weight and strong capability of penetrating gaps among macromolecular chain segments of organic matters, so that the volume of a paint film macromolecular material is increased, a net structure is broken, internal stress is generated, and the paint film is deformed to be separated from stone. Therefore, the paint film cleaning agent is formed by using benzyl alcohol as a main solvent, anisole as a cosolvent, hydrogen peroxide as an accelerator, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as a surfactant and methyl cellulose as a thickener.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a use method of a paint cleaning agent for removing stone relics, which comprises the following steps:

s1, preprocessing the surface to be cleaned on a stone relic;

The cleaning agent is prepared by adding specified parts of benzyl alcohol, anisole, hydrogen peroxide, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and methyl cellulose together, and stirring until the solutions are uniformly mixed. The cleaning agent is used at 10-15 ℃.

In order to study the amount of anisole, the amount of hydrogen peroxide in the fixed cleaner was 25%, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was 5%, methylcellulose was 3%, and benzyl alcohol was used in different proportions according to table 2: anisole is prepared into a cleaning agent, then the polyester paint or the epoxy resin paint is cleaned according to the using method, and then the swelling time is recorded, wherein the swelling time is 90% of the swelling time of a paint film, and the result is shown in figure 1.

Table 2 different benzyl alcohols: anisole ratio cleaning agent

Test	Benzyl alcohol (%)	Anisole (%)	Proportion (benzyl alcohol: anisole)
				1-1	44	22	4:2
1-2	40	22	3:2
				1-3	33	33	2:2
1-4	26	40	2:3
				1-5	22	44	2:4

As the anisole is taken as a cosolvent, the solubility of other substances in the formula can be increased, the stability of the cleaning agent is improved, the main solvent molecules are cooperated to penetrate into a paint film, the swelling speed is increased, the data in figure 1 can show that as the using amount of the anisole is increased, the swelling time of the paint film is gradually shortened, the anisole has a promoting effect on the swelling of the paint film, but the promoting effect is not obvious after the anisole proportion exceeds the benzyl alcohol, and the anisole is not the main factor of the swelling of the paint film, so that the proportion of the anisole and the anisole in the cleaning agent is controlled to be 1:1 as much as possible.

Example 3

This example provides a cleaner for removing paint on the surface of stone relics, similar to example 2, except that the cleaner was prepared by fixing the cleaner content of 33% benzyl alcohol, 33% anisole, 5% cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, 3% methyl cellulose according to the different amounts of hydrogen peroxide in table 3, then cleaning the polyester paint or the epoxy resin paint according to the method of example 2, and recording the time to start swelling, and the result is shown in fig. 2.

Table 3 cleaning agent for different amounts of Hydrogen peroxide

Test	Hydrogen peroxide dosage (g)	Hydrogen peroxide content (%)
			2-1	1.2	5
2-2	2.5	10
			2-3	4.5	15
2-4	5.6	20
			2-5	7.5	25
2-6	9.6	30
			2-7	12.1	35

The accelerator can be combined with the main solvent to generate a stronger synergistic effect, and the permeation and swelling actions of the main solvent are accelerated and enhanced, so that the cleaning efficiency is improved. Hydrogen peroxide is a nucleophilic reagent with smaller molecular weight, and the molecule contains lone pair electrons, which has catalytic action on hydrolysis reaction of ester bonds and the like in high molecular polymer, and promotes the breaking and degradation of the high molecular polymer. When the promoter is not contained, other solvents are difficult to produce swelling action on a paint film, and from the result of fig. 2, the higher the hydrogen peroxide content is, the shorter the swelling time is, the higher the cleaning efficiency of the cleaning agent is, but the hydrogen peroxide is unstable, is easy to decompose by being heated and visible light, and is easy to decompose after being placed for a long time, so that the content of the hydrogen peroxide is reduced, and the content of the hydrogen peroxide is preferably 25-30% when the cleaning agent is prepared.

Example 4

This example provides a cleaner for removing paint on the surface of stone relics, similar to example 2, except that the cleaner was prepared by fixing the cleaner content of 33% of benzyl alcohol, 33% of anisole, 25% of hydrogen peroxide and 3% of methyl cellulose, using different amounts of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in table 4 as the cleaner, then cleaning the polyester paint or the epoxy resin paint according to the use method of example 2, and recording the time to start swelling, and the result is shown in fig. 3.

Table 3 cleaning agents for different amounts of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

Test	Dosage (g)	Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide content (%)
			3-1	0.28	1
3-2	0.88	3
			3-3	1.5	5
3-4	2.48	8
			3-5	3.17	10

The surfactant is not only favorable for swelling and falling of a paint film, but also favorable for the stability of the cleaning agent. As can be seen from fig. 3, as the content of the surfactant increases, the swelling time decreases, the content of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide can greatly reduce the surface tension of the solution, change the interface state of the system, enable the originally incompatible reagent to be uniformly mixed or dispersed, be more beneficial to the function of the cleaning agent, and when the content of the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 5%, the swelling time of the paint film is the shortest and the cleaning efficiency is the highest. When the content of the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is continuously increased, the swelling time of a paint film is increased instead, because after a certain dosage of the surfactant is reached, the interfacial tension is not changed any more, and the dosage is continuously increased, molecules in the solution are aggregated into clusters, and the contact with the paint film is less, so that the swelling time is increased.

Under the action of the surfactant, methyl cellulose can be used as a thickening agent to be added into the cleaning agent, so that the viscosity of the cleaning agent is increased, the cleaning agent can be operated on the vertical plane of stone imaging, the swelling time of a paint film is not influenced, and 1-3% of the cleaning agent is added during configuration.

Example 5

The embodiment provides a cleaning agent for removing paint on the surface of stone relics, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 33.3% of benzyl alcohol; anisole 33.3%, hydrogen peroxide 25%, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 5%; 3.3% of methyl cellulose.

The above-mentioned proportions are prepared into cleaning agents, polyester paint films with different thicknesses are smeared and removed, and test results are shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 washing results of polyester paint films of different thicknesses

Test	Total thickness of paint film (μm)	Cleaning conditions	Swelling time (min)
				4-1	10	Complete removal of	5
4-2	30	Complete removal of	10
				4-3	60	Complete removal of	16
4-4	90	Complete removal of	30
				4-5	150	Complete removal of	50
4-6	250	Not removed	—

As can be seen from the data in Table 4, the cleaning agent is permeated into the paint film to swell and fall off the polymer of the paint film, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the paint, when the thickness of the paint film is 100-150 mu m, the cleaning agent can clean the paint film, and the thicker the paint film is, the longer the swelling time is. It should be noted that the above-mentioned total thickness of the paint film is a thickness formed by one-time coating of the paint, and the inventors have also found that when the total thickness of the paint film is 250 μm formed by multiple coating, the paint film can be removed by removing one layer of the paint film at a time with the cleaning agent, and then cleaning the paint film after repeating the operation a plurality of times. When the total thickness of the paint film by one-time coating of the paint is 250 μm, it is difficult to remove the paint film even if the cleaning agent is applied multiple times.

Example 6

The embodiment provides a cleaning agent for removing paint on the surface of a stone relic, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 33.3% of benzyl alcohol; anisole 33.3%, hydrogen peroxide 25%, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 5%; 3.3% of methyl cellulose, 10g of benzyl alcohol, 10g of anisole, 7.5g of 30% hydrogen peroxide, 1.5g of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and 1g of methyl cellulose.

The cleaning agent is prepared from the above proportions, according to the using method of the embodiment 2, a cleaning test is carried out on the polyester paint of the grottoes Zhao Qiaoyan and the epoxy resin paint of the Wenchang grottoes respectively, a test area is selected at the hidden part of the grottoes, the prepared cleaning agent is uniformly smeared on the test area by using a cotton swab, the mixture is stood for 10-20 minutes, and after the paint film swells, the clean cotton swab or tweezers are used for removing the paint film. After the paint film is removed, ethanol or acetone is adopted to remove residual cleaning agent, so that the cleaning agent is prevented from polluting stone cultural relics. Fig. 4-5 are diagrams showing comparison of the cleaning before and after the cleaning, and the dotted line frame shows the parts after the cleaning with the cleaning agent, it can be seen that the cleaning agent of the invention has better cleaning effect on paint. And meanwhile, observing the washed stone relic by adopting a microscope, and no residual solvent molecules are observed in the rock of the stone relic.

The cleaning agent disclosed by the invention is weakly acidic, the pH value of the actually measured cleaning agent is about 6, the cleaning agent can not chemically react with stone, the stone cultural relics are not damaged, the cleaning effect is good, and no residues exist. When large-area paint is cleaned, the cleaning agent can be coated on the surface of the paint by adopting a spraying or coating device, and after the coating, a cleaning agent coating area can be covered by adopting a film layer, so that the volatilization of a solvent is prevented, and the cleaning efficiency is improved.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. The cleaning agent for removing the paint on the surface of the stone relic is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 30-35% of benzyl alcohol; 30-35% of anisole; hydrogen peroxide 20-30%; 3-8% of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; 1-3% of methyl cellulose.

2. The cleaning agent for removing paint on the surface of a stone relic according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is 30% hydrogen peroxide.

3. The cleaning agent for removing paint on a stone relic surface according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 31-35% of benzyl alcohol; 31-35% of anisole; 25-30% of hydrogen peroxide; 4-6% of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; 1-3% of methyl cellulose.

4. A cleaning agent for removing paint from a surface of a stone relic according to claim 3, comprising the following components in weight percent: benzyl alcohol 32%; anisole 32%, hydrogen peroxide 30% and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 5%; 1% of methyl cellulose.

5. The cleaning agent for removing paint on a surface of a stone relic according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning agent is used for polyester paint or epoxy paint.

6. A method of using the cleaning agent for removing paint on a stone relic surface according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1, preprocessing the surface to be cleaned on a stone relic;

step S2, preparing the cleaning agent for removing the paint on the surface of the stone relic according to any one of claims 1-5, coating the cleaning agent on the surface to be cleaned, and standing for 10-30min;

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the pretreatment of the surface of the stone relic is water-washing the water-soluble dirt of the surface.

8. The method of using a cleaning agent for removing paint on a stone relic surface according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the paint film is 10-200 μm.

9. The method of using a cleaning agent for removing paint on a stone relic surface according to claim 8, wherein the thickness of the paint film is 10-100 μm.