CN1163328C - Process for preparing semi-solid metallic grout - Google Patents
Process for preparing semi-solid metallic grout Download PDFInfo
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- CN1163328C CN1163328C CNB001230786A CN00123078A CN1163328C CN 1163328 C CN1163328 C CN 1163328C CN B001230786 A CNB001230786 A CN B001230786A CN 00123078 A CN00123078 A CN 00123078A CN 1163328 C CN1163328 C CN 1163328C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing semi-solid metallic grout, which comprises the three procedures, such as alloy smelting and refining, cooling and heat preserving, and semi-continuous casting. Alloy is placed still in a furnace and naturally cooled close to liquidus temperature after smelted and refined, the liquidus temperature has the range which starts from the liquidus temperature and reaches the level that is 15 DEG C higher, the temperature is maintained for a certain period, and vertical type or horizontal type semi-continuous casting is carried out on a semicontinuous casting machine. The present invention has the advantages of advanced technology, simple device structure, high productive efficiency, improved product quality, etc., can be used for producing ingots with large specifications, and is suitable for wide alloy range.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the semi-solid-state metal processing technique field, particularly a kind of preparation method of semi-solid metal slurry.
Background technology
From eighties of last century the seventies, U.S. scientist has proposed since the metal semi-solid moulding notion first, and the semi-solid-state metal process technology is subjected to the extensive concern of international material circle, has become one of current most active research field.This method not only can reduce cost, and improves casting quality and yield rate, has advantage efficient, energy-conservation, that be beneficial to environmental protection simultaneously.At present, some developed countries have begun to be applied to auto manufacturing, and have vast potential for future development.The semi-solid-state metal process technology generally is made up of slurrying, post bake and three links of thixotroping moulding.Wherein slurrying is the basis and key of whole process, its objective is the even tiny crystalline structure that waits axle that obtains to be suitable for the semisolid moulding.The preparation of semi solid slurry is the research focus in semi-solid processing field, and the foreign study person has done a large amount of research work in this regard, has proposed many pulping process or thought.Wherein mainly comprise: 1. mechanical mixing method.This method is the method that adopts the earliest, is mainly used in the rheological property and the rheocasting of research metal.Its principle is to utilize mechanical external force to make dendrite fragmentation in the growth course, and mechanical agitation rheocasting device generally is divided into continous way and batch (-type), and batch (-type) is used for laboratory research more, and the rheology casting can be used for suitability for industrialized production continuously.Mechanical mixing method can obtain very high shear rate, helps forming small spherical microstructure.There is following shortcoming in mechanical mixing method: there is the stirring dead angle in (1), influences the slurry uniformity; (2) at the bottom of equipment heaviness, operating difficulties, the production efficiency, fraction solid can only be limited in the 30%-60% scope.2. electromagnetic stirring method
[5]In order to overcome many shortcomings of mechanical mixing method, developed electromagnetic stirring method.Electromagnetic agitation is divided into horizontal and rectilinear by magnetic direction, can be divided into alternation formula and rotating permanent magnet method again by the magnetic field occurring mode.The latter's advantage is the magnetic field intensity height, and metal can produce Three-dimensional Flow, and mixing effect is good.Electromagnetic agitating technology is relatively ripe, obtained application in suitability for industrialized production, but it has been generally acknowledged that,, this technology only is applicable to the ingot blank of diameter less than 150mm, and the applicability of wrought aluminium alloy waited research.3. strain inducing melt activating technology (SIMA).Strain inducing activating technology (Strain-inducedMelt Activation Process) is called for short SIMA, is except that electromagnetic stirring method, at present the industrial another kind of method that is used to produce semi solid slurry.This technology is that the routine casting arborescent structure is at high temperature carried out crimp, broken arborescent structure, apply enough cold deformation amounts again after, be heated to two-phase section.In heating process, crystallization at first takes place and forms subgrain and sub boundary in alloy, and subsequently, crystal boundary place low melting point solute element melts mutually with low melting point, causes subsphaeroidal solid phase to be surrounded by the low melting point liquid phase, forms semi solid slurry.This technology has unique advantages to the non-dendritic structure alloy of preparation higher melt, successfully is applied to series such as stainless steel, tool steel, copper alloy.But since its complex process, the production cost height, and production efficiency is low, only is used for the production of small dimension blank.4. spray deposition.Is drop by gas ejector with atomization of liquid metal, and under the gas jet effect, the metal particle of partial coagulation deposits on the cooled target with semisolid.The enough shearing forces of impact generation by the semisolid particulate are smashed its inner dendrite, form non-dendritic structure.After heating again, obtain semi-solid metal slurry with spheric granules solid phase.This method has been applied to industrial production at present, and crystallite dimension can be as small as 20 μ m.But this method production cost is higher, only is applicable to some specialities.5. other method.In addition to the above methods, also have many pulping techniques to be among research or the exploitation.As powder metallurgic method, promptly make ingot blank by PM technique after, obtain semi solid slurry through heating again after making low melting point become fractional melting.This method is specially adapted to refractory alloy (Ti-Co).In addition, also have turbulence effect method, grain refinement method, ultrasonic wave facture, isothermal processes method, shearing-cooling-rolling (Shearing-Cooling-Rolling), passive paddling process, impulse method etc.These methods all are in the laboratory research stage at present, do not drop into industrial production as yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the process for preparing semi-solid metallic grout that a kind of technology is simple, the scope of application is broad, production efficiency is high.
Method of the present invention is---liquidus curve semi-continuous casting method, so-called liquidus curve semi-continuous casting is that alloy melt is cooled near the liquidus temperature behind the insulation certain hour, carries out semi-continuous casting, obtains to have the pulping process of Semi-Solid Thixoforming tissue.The scope of application is the preparation of non-ferrous alloy semi-solid metal slurry.
Method of the present invention comprises: alloy melting, refining and slagging-off, four steps of cooling and insulation and semi-continuous casting.Alloy melting is identical with existing alloy melting method; Refining is the alloy melt after the melting to be changed over to leave standstill carry out degasification refining and slagging-off in the stove with slagging-off; Cooling and insulation are that the alloy melt after the refining is cooled in leaving standstill stove naturally near liquidus temperature, promptly in ℃ scope of liquidus temperature～liquidus temperature+15, are incubated certain hour; Semi-continuous casting is to carry out on semicontinuous casting machine, can adopt vertical or horizontal semi-continuous casting.Casting crystallizer is a water-cooled metal crystallizer liner graphite annulus, leaves certain clearance between graphite annulus and the metallic crystal device, and to reduce also can to regulate cooling degree one time, the secondary cooling degree is regulated by the size of cooling water flow.This method is determined different casting technique condition and parameter according to different-alloy, obtains to have the ingot casting of the cast sturcture that is suitable for the semisolid moulding.Concrete technological parameter is seen application example.
Liquidus curve of the present invention casting pulping technique has following advantage: 1. the technology advanced person, equipment is simple, production efficiency is high.This technology does not need electromagnetic generator, reduces equipment investment, dwindles the distance between the crystallizer simultaneously greatly, realizes the solid matter casting; 2. owing to do not need any stirring, melt liquid cave is steady, effectively avoids the air-breathing and slag inclusion of metal, improves the quality of products; 3. can produce big specification ingot blank.At present, when the ingot blank diameter surpassed 152mm, because the inhomogeneities that electromagnetic field distributes, electromagnetic stirring method can't obtain the blank of even tissue.And the controlling mechanism of liquidus curve casting is the control in temperature field, therefore realizes the casting of big ingot casting easily.4. it is wide to be suitable for alloys range.At present, it is the Birmasil aspect of representative that the research and development of electromagnetic casting method mainly concentrate on the A356 alloy, and the applicability of wrought aluminium alloy is still had arguement.Studies show that the liquidus curve casting not only is fit to casting alloy, and is very effective to deforming alloy, magnesium alloy and copper alloy simultaneously.Especially the preparation to the magnesium alloy semi solid state slurry has special significance.Magnesium alloy has series of advantages such as light weight, specific strength height, but because the easy oxidizing fire of magnesium alloy, its oxide inclusions is wayward, and the technology of preparing of existing magnesium alloy semi solid state slurry adopts powder metallurgic method, this method is complex process not only, and the oxide inclusion problem is difficult to solve.Adopt the present invention---liquidus curve semi-continuous casting technology, owing to reduce casting temperature greatly, can effectively solve the problem of oxidation of magnesium alloy, the oxide inclusions that reduces greatly in the magnesium alloy is enhanced product performance, the preparation of starching for magnesium alloy semi solid state provides a kind of efficient, advanced technology, has widened the alloy kind and the application of semi-solid processing.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one, and liquidus curve semi-continuous casting legal system is equipped with magnesium alloy AM60 semi solid slurry.The liquidus temperature of magnesium alloy AM60 is 615 ℃.At first alloy is in smelting furnace after the melting, the alloy melt temperature is 710 ℃～730 ℃, change over to and leave standstill in the stove, carry out degasification refining and slagging-off, melt temperature after the refining is about 700 ℃, and begin to leave standstill nature and cool near 620 ℃ (between 615 ℃～630 ℃) this moment, is incubated 30 minutes, in the top casting of vertical semi-continuous casting machine, casting speed is 120mm/min.The crystallizer material is an aluminium alloy, and crystallizer liner graphite annulus is used for the once cooling to melt; Logical cooling water in the crystallizer plays the effect of cooling graphite annulus and secondary cooling ingot casting simultaneously, and cooling water flow is 0.05m
3/ min.Ingot casting is of a size of Φ 100mmm * 2000mm.What obtain is organized as even, tiny equiax crystal.Measure initial crystal grain average roundness (4 π * area/perimeter through image analyzer
2) be that 0.55,60% crystal grain circularities is greater than 0.6.The primary phase size is less than 50 μ m.Birth solid volume percentage number is 49.9%.
Embodiment two, and liquidus curve semi-continuous casting legal system is equipped with aluminium alloy 7075 (wrought aluminium alloy) semi solid slurry.The liquidus temperature of aluminium alloy 7075 is 635 ℃.At first alloy is in smelting furnace after the melting, the alloy melt temperature is 720 ℃～750 ℃, change over to and leave standstill in the stove, carry out degasification refining and slagging-off, melt temperature after the refining is about 720 ℃, and begin to leave standstill nature and cool to 638 ℃ (this temperature is between 635 ℃～650 ℃) this moment, is incubated 30 minutes, in the top casting of vertical semi-continuous casting machine, casting speed is 180mm/min.The crystallizer material is an aluminium alloy, and crystallizer liner graphite annulus is used for the once cooling to melt; Logical cooling water in the crystallizer plays the effect of cooling graphite annulus and secondary cooling ingot casting simultaneously, and cooling water flow is 0.075m
3/ min.Ingot casting is of a size of Φ 120mm * 2000mm.What obtain is organized as even, tiny equiax crystal.Measure initial crystal grain average roundness (4 π * area/perimeter through image analyzer
2) be that 0.54,60% crystal grain circularities is greater than 0.6.The primary phase average-size is 29.7 μ m.
Embodiment three, and liquidus curve semi-continuous casting legal system is equipped with aluminium alloy A356 (Birmasil) semi solid slurry.The liquidus temperature of aluminium alloy A356 is 615 ℃.At first alloy is in smelting furnace after the melting, the alloy melt temperature is 720 ℃～750 ℃, change over to and leave standstill in the stove, carry out degasification refining and slagging-off, melt temperature after the refining is about 720 ℃, and begin to leave standstill nature and cool to 615 ℃ (liquidus temperatures) this moment, is incubated 30 minutes, in the top casting of vertical semi-continuous casting machine, casting speed is 120mm/min.The crystallizer material is an aluminium alloy, and crystallizer liner graphite annulus is used for the once cooling to melt; Logical cooling water in the crystallizer plays the effect of cooling graphite annulus and secondary cooling ingot casting simultaneously, and cooling water flow is 0.05m
3/ min.Ingot casting is of a size of Φ 160mm * 1200mm.What obtain is organized as even, tiny equiax crystal.Measure initial crystal grain average roundness (4 π * area/perimeter through image analyzer
2) be 0.48, the primary phase size is less than 16.7 μ m.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of process for preparing semi-solid metallic grout, it is characterized in that this method comprises alloy melting, concise and slagging-off, four steps of cooling and insulation and semi-continuous casting, with existing method with alloy melting after, with alloy melt change over to leave standstill carry out in the stove degasification concise with the slagging-off; In leaving standstill stove, cool naturally to liquidus temperature to liquidus temperature+15 ℃ of scopes in, the insulation certain hour, on semicontinuous casting machine, carry out vertical or horizontal semi-continuous casting, casting crystallizer is a water-cooled metal crystallizer liner graphite annulus, leave certain clearance between graphite annulus and the metallic crystal device, the secondary intensity of cooling is regulated by the size of cooling water flow.
2, a kind of process for preparing semi-solid metallic grout according to claim 1, it is characterized in that when preparation magnesium alloy AM60 semi solid slurry, to change over to through the alloy melt of melting leaves standstill in the stove, carry out refining and slagging-off, naturally cooling is reduced between 615 ℃～630 ℃ the alloy melt temperature, be incubated 30 minutes, in the top casting of vertical semi-continuous casting machine, the crystallizer material is an aluminium alloy, crystallizer liner graphite annulus, logical cooling water in the crystallizer, casting speed is 120mm/min, cooling water flow is 0.05m
3/ min, ingot casting are of a size of Φ 100mm * 2000mm.
3, a kind of process for preparing semi-solid metallic grout according to claim 1, it is characterized in that when preparation aluminium alloy 7075 semi solid slurries, to change over to through the alloy melt of melting leaves standstill in the stove, carry out degasification refining and slagging-off, naturally cooling is reduced between 635 ℃～650 ℃ the alloy melt temperature, be incubated 30 minutes, in the top casting of vertical semi-continuous casting machine, the crystallizer material is an aluminium alloy, crystallizer liner graphite annulus, logical cooling water in the crystallizer, casting speed is 180mm/min, cooling water flow is 0.075m
3/ min, ingot casting are of a size of Φ 120mm * 2000mm.
4, a kind of process for preparing semi-solid metallic grout according to claim 1, it is characterized in that when preparation aluminium alloy A356 semi solid slurry, to change over to through the alloy melt of melting leaves standstill in the stove, carry out degasification refining and slagging-off, melt after concise cools off naturally, temperature is reduced between 615 ℃～630 ℃, be incubated 30 minutes, in the top casting of vertical semi-continuous casting machine, the crystallizer material is an aluminium alloy, logical cooling water in the crystallizer liner graphite annulus, crystallizer, casting speed is 120mm/min, and cooling water flow is 0.05m
3/ min, ingot casting are of a size of Φ 160mm * 1200mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001230786A CN1163328C (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2000-10-13 | Process for preparing semi-solid metallic grout |
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| CNB001230786A CN1163328C (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2000-10-13 | Process for preparing semi-solid metallic grout |
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| CN1163328C true CN1163328C (en) | 2004-08-25 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100393904C (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-06-11 | 北京交通大学 | Electromagnetic-mechanical composite preparation method for aluminium 28 lead semisolid slurry |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1323782C (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2007-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Method of preparing semi solid state moltem metal/blank by ultrasonic treatment to control solidification and its device |
| CN1304621C (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-14 | 北京交通大学 | Prepn process of semi-solid Al2O-Sn slurry |
| CN100560250C (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-11-18 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | On the circular-arc type continuous casting machine of R12～14m, produce the continuous casting process of super large standard round billet |
| CN101885049B (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2012-06-20 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for forming high-strength aluminum alloy complex parts |
| CN104014752B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-08-10 | 上海坤孚企业(集团)有限公司 | A kind of semicontinuous many ingot casting casting systems of vertical direct water-cooling |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100393904C (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-06-11 | 北京交通大学 | Electromagnetic-mechanical composite preparation method for aluminium 28 lead semisolid slurry |
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