CN102002618B - Melt overheating treatment method for optimizing magnesium alloy as-cast structure - Google Patents
Melt overheating treatment method for optimizing magnesium alloy as-cast structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN102002618B CN102002618B CN2010105964626A CN201010596462A CN102002618B CN 102002618 B CN102002618 B CN 102002618B CN 2010105964626 A CN2010105964626 A CN 2010105964626A CN 201010596462 A CN201010596462 A CN 201010596462A CN 102002618 B CN102002618 B CN 102002618B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a melt overheating treatment method for optimizing a magnesium alloy as-cast structure, comprising the following steps of: firstly heating a magnesium alloy to the melt overheating temperature of 850-950 DEG C for overheating treatment; after the difference of the edge temperature and the core temperature of a melt is less than 2 DEG C, cooling the melt to casting temperature of 720+/-5 DEG C; and then carrying out semi-continuous casting or swage casting to obtain an as-cast sample. Magnesium alloy as-cast dendritic crystal obtained by the method has tiny structure and even component and can obviously improve the deformation performance of the magnesium alloy. Moreover, compared with other processes for thinning the magnesium alloy as-cast structure by adding a thinning agent or adopting a new technique, the melt overheating treatment method has the advantages of low cost and simple process and is easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of optimizing the magnesium alloy cast tissue, particularly a kind of from refinement as cast condition dendritic structure with improve homogeneity of ingredients and optimize the melt overheat treatment method of magnesium alloy cast tissue, belong to the magnesium alloy materials technical field.
Background technology
MAGNESIUM METAL 99 and alloy thereof have advantages such as low density, high specific strength and high specific stiffness, good damping shock absorption property and thermal conductivity; The wrought magnesium alloys goods have higher intensity than casting magnesium alloy material; Better ductility; More diversified mechanical property can satisfy the needs of more structural parts, but wrought magnesium alloys apply the restriction that receives its viscous deformation poor performance.Wrought magnesium alloys is to be obtained by casting, and alloy as-cast structure in castingprocesses produces component segregation because of nonequilibrium freezing, causes the ununiformity of tissue, causes alloy deformability in the course of processing poor.Research shows, through the as-cast structure of refinement alloy and the segregation that reduces tissue and composition, can improve the hot-workability of wrought magnesium alloys and the room-temperature mechanical property of goods.
About the more existing reports of the method for refinement magnesium alloy cast tissue.Comprising through in alloy liquid, adding dystectic material, form a large amount of forming core particles, to promote the forming core crystallization of melt, obtain the fine tissue of crystal grain; Through adding alloying elements, increase latent heat of solidification, refinement matrix phase reduces the formation of thick phase, utilizes newly-generated the growing up of crystal grain of hindering mutually; Also have research to adopt atomization rapid solidification magnesiumalloy, obtaining evenly, tiny equiax crystal and solidification rate reaches 10
2-10
3Ks
-1Double-roller rolling technology, the refinement alloy organizing with reduce segregation.In addition, subsequent heat treatment technology through solidified structure such as homogenizing annealing etc. also can reduce the microstructure segregation and the component segregation of alloy casting state tissue, improve its strand hot-forming property and the mechanical property that improves the distortion goods.These method costs are higher, and technology is complicated.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned deficiency to prior art exists the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cost lower, and technology is simply optimized the melt overheat treatment method of magnesium alloy cast tissue.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of melt overheat treatment method of optimizing the magnesium alloy cast tissue; Earlier magnesiumalloy is heated to the melt overheat temperature and carries out bakingout process for 850～950 ℃; After melt limit portion's temperature and heart portion temperature head are less than 2 ℃; Let melt be cooled to 720 ± 5 ℃ of teeming temperatures, obtain as-cast specimen through semicontinuous casting or iron mould casting then and get final product.
When solute atoms in the magnesiumalloy under the room temperature in theory fully during solid solution, above-mentioned temperature of superheat is 900～950 ℃; When solute atoms in the magnesiumalloy under the room temperature in theory fully during solid solution, above-mentioned temperature of superheat is 850～900 ℃.
The magnesium alloy cast dendritic structure that present method obtains is tiny, and composition is even, can significantly improve the deformation performance of magnesiumalloy.And than other process methodes of adding the fining agents or the refinement magnesium alloy cast tissue of employing new technology, it is low to have a cost, the advantage that technology is simple to operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the solidified structure under 750 ℃, 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃ in temperature of superheat respectively for the AZ31 magnesiumalloy.
Fig. 2 is AZ31, AZ61, the primary dendritic spacing of AZ91 magnesiumalloy under different temperature of superheat.
Fig. 3 is AZ31, AZ61, the secondary dendrite arm spacing of AZ91 magnesiumalloy under different temperature of superheat.
Fig. 4 is AZ31 magnesiumalloy Al, Zn element dendritic segregation degree Se under different temperature of superheat.
Fig. 5 is AZ61 magnesiumalloy Al, Zn element dendritic segregation degree Se under different temperature of superheat.
Fig. 6 is AZ91 magnesiumalloy Al, Zn element dendritic segregation degree Se under different temperature of superheat.
Embodiment
Melt Overheating Treatment is a kind of basic skills of refinement alloy graining tissue, is that alloy liquid is superheated to temperature certain more than the liquidus temperature, is cooled to teeming temperature again after insulation for some time and pours into a mould.Through discovering to iron-based, aluminium base and nickel-base alloy; Alloy liquid is superheated to certain temperature; The many short range order atomic radicals that in low-temperature melt, contain present a kind of state of disarray in the hyperthermia and superheating melt, this unordered atomic radical carries out reverse transformation in cool down very slow; When solidifying, remain in the solid-state structure easily, thus the as-cast structure of refinement alloy.To the Al-Si alloy, the obvious refinement of Melt Overheating Treatment the size of primary silicon; Research to the M963 alloy shows, Melt Overheating Treatment makes in the as-cast structure nascent MC carbide refinement and is evenly distributed.The research of Melt Overheating Treatment in iron-based, aluminium base and nickel-base alloy, use morely, but still rarely have report to the magnesium alloy fused mass bakingout process.The present invention just is being based on this, proposes to be fit to the melt overheat treatment method of magnesium alloy cast tissue, and finds suitable temperature of superheat and Changing Pattern.
The concrete treatment process of the present invention does; Earlier magnesiumalloy is heated to the melt overheat temperature and carries out bakingout process for 850～950 ℃; Through abundant insulation evenly, record melt limit portion's temperature and heart portion temperature head less than 2 ℃ after; Let melt be cooled to 720 ± 5 ℃ of teeming temperatures, obtain as-cast specimen through semicontinuous casting or iron mould casting then and get final product with heating container.Be lower than at 850 o'clock in temperature of superheat, Melt Overheating Treatment refined cast structure is not enough with the degree that improves homogeneity of ingredients; When temperature of superheat was higher than 950 ℃, further refined cast structure was not obvious with the degree that improves homogeneity of ingredients, may make the as-cast structure alligatoring because of the minimizing of heterogeneous crystallization nuclei on the contrary.
When solute atoms in the magnesiumalloy under the room temperature in theory fully during solid solution, above-mentioned temperature of superheat is 900～950 ℃; When solute atoms in the magnesiumalloy under the room temperature in theory fully during solid solution, above-mentioned temperature of superheat is 850～900 ℃.
Through two specific embodiments the present invention is described further below.
Embodiment one
Select the AZ31 magnesiumalloy to carry out bakingout process; In order to obtain to organize optimum melt overheat temperature, chosen 750 ℃, 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃ five temperature of superheat in the experiment and studied, alloy liquid is heated to five temperature of superheat respectively; Make melt temperature even through the grace time insulation; Record melt limit portion and heart portion temperature head less than after 2 ℃, be cooled to 720 ℃ of teeming temperatures, obtain as-cast specimen through semicontinuous casting with crucible.After as-cast specimen ground with sand paper, with the corrosion of 10% hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution, the as-cast structure of observation alloy under metaloscope, and the primary dendritic spacing and the secondary dendrite arm spacing of measurement as cast condition dendritic structure; Under ESEM, through energy spectrum analysis dendritic structure homogeneity of ingredients, through dendritic segregation degree Se tolerance, that is:
C in the formula
MaxBe the maximum concentration of certain constituent element in the dendritic segregation district; C
MinBe the minimum concentration of certain constituent element in the dendritic segregation district; C
θOriginal mean concns for certain constituent element.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4; Dendritic structure and primary dendritic spacing, secondary dendrite arm spacing and the dendritic segregation degree Se of AZ31 magnesiumalloy under different temperature of superheat are handled; Obtain making AZ31 as cast condition dendritic structure the most tiny; Composition temperature of superheat the most uniformly is 950 ℃, is the ceiling temperature of 850～950 ℃ of bakingout process temperature.
Embodiment two
By the method for embodiment one, AZ61, AZ91 are experimentized, can be known by Fig. 5: make AZ61 magnesium alloy cast dendritic structure the most tiny, composition temperature of superheat the most uniformly is 900 ℃; Can be known by Fig. 6: make AZ91 magnesium alloy cast dendritic structure the most tiny, composition temperature of superheat the most uniformly is 850 ℃, is the lower limit temperature of 850～950 ℃ of bakingout process temperature.
Hence one can see that, the series alloy identical to alloying element, and when alloying element content is low more, the melt overheat temperature is high more; When alloying element content is high more, the melt overheat temperature is low more.
Claims (1)
1. melt overheat treatment method of optimizing the magnesium alloy cast tissue; It is characterized in that: earlier magnesiumalloy is heated to the melt overheat temperature and carries out bakingout process; When solute atoms in the magnesiumalloy under the room temperature in theory fully during solid solution, said temperature of superheat is 900～950 ℃; When solute atoms in the magnesiumalloy under the room temperature in theory fully during solid solution, said temperature of superheat is 850～900 ℃; After melt limit portion's temperature and heart portion temperature head are less than 2 ℃, let melt be cooled to 720 ± 5 ℃ of teeming temperatures, obtain as-cast specimen through semicontinuous casting or iron mould casting then.
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