CN116332802B - 一种微管蛋白和nrp1双靶点化合物及其制法与应用 - Google Patents
一种微管蛋白和nrp1双靶点化合物及其制法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点化合物及其制法与应用,还公开了一种药物组合物,由上述双靶点化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体和/或辅料制备而成的制剂,上述化合物具有微管蛋白和NRP1双重抑制活性,能够抑制细胞增殖以及细胞血管生成、促进细胞凋亡,显示出优异的体内外抗肿瘤活性,具有更好的成药性前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点化合物,还涉及上述双靶点化合物的制法与应用。
背景技术
微管是真核细胞骨架的关键组成成分,由α和β微管蛋白异二聚体装配成长管状纤维结构,在维持细胞形态、细胞器的组成与运输,信号转导以及细胞分裂增殖等关键细胞过程中发挥重要作用。微管蛋白靶向药物可以通过影响微管蛋白的聚合和解聚,阻碍微管束的正常动态再生,进而阻止细胞有丝分裂时期纺锤体的形成,导致细胞周期停滞,最终诱导细胞凋亡。靶向微管蛋白的抗肿瘤药物可分为秋水仙碱位点抑制剂、长春碱位点抑制剂和紫杉烷结合位点抑制剂。与其他微管抑制剂相比,秋水仙碱位点抑制剂具有较为简单的化学结构以及能够克服多药耐药的优点。秋水仙碱位点抑制剂能够通过抑制微管蛋白的聚合,阻止肿瘤细胞微管的形成,将细胞周期阻滞在G2/M期,从而抑制肿瘤细胞有丝分裂和肿瘤生长。迄今为止,国内外已发现并报道了许多秋水仙碱位点抑制剂如秋水仙碱、CA4P以及Oxi4503,但由于它们在抗肿瘤临床试验中导致了多器官功能障碍以及全身毒性,目前仍没有被FDA批准上市的秋水仙碱位点抑制剂类抗癌药物。
神经纤毛蛋白-1(NRP1)是一种多功能跨膜蛋白,在神经轴突的生长、血管生成、肿瘤的发育和转移中起重要作用。NRP1已被证明是血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的共受体。它可以在细胞膜上同时结合VEGF和血管内皮生长因子受体2(VEGF)形成三元复合物,从而增强VEGF介导的信号传导,促进肿瘤血管生成,最终导致肿瘤迁移。此外,临床研究表明,过表达的NRP1与前列腺癌的转移能力、进展以及临床分期呈正相关。因此,利用NRP1抑制剂阻断NRP1-VEGF-VEGFR2信号通路,可能是抑制肿瘤血管生成,从而阻止前列腺癌转移的有效策略。然而,临床实验结果表明,由于抗血管药物主要是抑制肿瘤细胞生长而对肿瘤组织的毒性较低,抗血管生成药物单药治疗方案在癌症治疗方面效果十分有限。
联合给药已被广泛用于由多种信号通路异常引起的复杂性疾病的治疗,相对于单靶点给药联合治疗往往具有更好的抗肿瘤疗效。然而联合给药往往会存在下列问题:联合给药时更易发生急性毒性和迟发性毒性可能更高,特别是在联合使用选择性不强的药物时;由于联合给药涉及多种药物,需要考虑药物的比例和剂量问题,用药方式往往比较复杂,易导致患者依从性差;联合给药可能会导致药物在体内代谢中相互干扰,无法准确预测其药代动力学性质;联合给药可能会出现由药物—药物相互作用引起的不良反应,此外联合给药的药效学特征也难以准确预测。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的是提供一种疗效好且减少耐药性和毒性的微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点化合物,第二目的是提供上述化合物的制法与应用。
技术方案:本发明所述的一种微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐,所述化合物为结构式如式(I)所示的化合物:
。
上述化合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将原料1溶于无水乙醇,室温下加入硼氢化钠(NaBH4),室温反应,反应结束后冰浴下加水淬灭反应,分离纯化得到中间体2;
(2)将中间体2溶于无水乙醇,加入三溴化磷(PBr3)和吡啶,加热反应,反应结束后冰浴下加水淬灭反应,分离纯化得到中间体3;
(3)将中间体3与三苯基膦溶于三氯甲烷,加热反应,反应结束后分离纯化得到中间体4;
(4)氩气保护下将中间体4溶于四氢呋喃(THF),冷却后滴加正丁基锂的己烷溶液,加入3-硝基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛的无水THF溶液,随后室温反应,反应结束后冰浴下加水淬灭反应,分离纯化得到中间体5;
(5)将中间体5溶于乙醇(EtOH)和水的混合液,依次加入铁粉和氯化铵(NH4Cl),避光加热回流,分离纯化得到中间体6;
(6)将中间体6溶于冰醋酸,滴加丁二酸酐的冰醋酸溶液,反应分离纯化得到中间体7;
(7)将中间体7溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),加入2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HATU),冰浴反应,随后加入(L)-精氨酸甲酯二盐酸盐,加入DIPEA使(L)-精氨酸甲酯完全溶解,反应分离纯化得到中间体8;
(8)将中间体8溶于THF,加入氢氧化锂(LiOH)的水溶液,反应分离纯化得到微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点化合物;
。
上述制备方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)将原料1溶于无水乙醇,室温下分批加入NaBH4,室温反应,反应结束后冰浴下加水淬灭反应,分离纯化得到中间体2;
(2)将中间体2溶于无水乙醇,按顺序加入PBr3和吡啶,加热反应,反应结束后冰浴下加水淬灭反应,分离纯化得到中间体3;
(3)将中间体3与三苯基膦溶于三氯甲烷,加热反应,反应结束后分离纯化得到中间体4;
(4)氩气保护下,将中间体4溶于THF,冷却后滴加n-BuLi的1.6 M己烷溶液,反应一段时间后一次性加入3-硝基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛的无水THF溶液,随后室温反应,反应结束后冰浴下加水淬灭反应,分离纯化得到中间体5;
(5)将中间体5溶于EtOH:H2O=10:1混合液,依次加入铁粉和NH4Cl,避光加热回流,分离纯化得到中间体6;
(6)将中间体6溶于冰醋酸,滴加丁二酸酐的冰醋酸溶液,室温反应,分离纯化得到中间体7;
(7)将中间体7溶于DMF,加入HATU,冰浴反应,随后加入(L)-精氨酸甲酯二盐酸盐,加入DIPEA使(L)-精氨酸甲酯完全溶解,室温反应,分离纯化得到中间体8;
(8)将中间体8溶于THF,加入1 M LiOH的水溶液,室温反应,反应结束后,分离纯化得到微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点化合物。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,由式(I)所示的双靶点化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体和/或辅料制备而成的制剂。
优选的,所述药学上可接受的载体和/或辅料包括稀释剂、粘合剂、表面活性剂、致湿剂、润滑剂、填充剂、崩解剂、着色剂、助流剂、稳定剂、助悬剂、缓冲剂、乳化剂、成粒剂、抗粘着剂、胶凝剂、吸收延迟剂、溶解抑制剂、增强剂、吸附剂、螯合剂、防腐剂、着色剂、矫味剂和甜味剂。
优选的,所述制剂为片剂、胶囊剂、口服液、注射剂、冻干粉针剂、透皮剂、气雾剂、固体制剂、脂质体、缓控释制剂、丸剂、栓剂、颗粒剂、散剂、纳米制剂、糖浆剂、酒剂、酊剂、露剂。
上述化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐,以及上述药物组合物在制备微管蛋白/NRP1双靶点抑制剂药物中的应用。
上述化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐,以及上述药物组合物在制备用于抑制VEGF/VEGF2信号通路的药物中的应用。
上述化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐,以及上述药物组合物在制备抗血管生成药物中的应用。
上述化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐,以及上述药物组合物在制备用于治疗和/或预防肿瘤的药物中的应用。
进一步的,所述肿瘤包括前列腺癌、结肠癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、食管癌、宫颈癌、神经胶质瘤、鼻咽瘤、肝癌、卵巢癌或淋巴癌。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下显著优点:(1)本发明的微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点化合物,避免了联合给药局限性并产生更好的抗肿瘤疗效,可以增强肿瘤细胞的化疗敏感性,化合物对细胞内NRP1介导的VEGF/VEGFR2信号通路的抑制率超过50%,具有显著的抑制作用;(2)微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点单分子药物能够有效抑制细胞增殖、促进细胞凋亡,此外还具有良好的体内抗肿瘤活性且无明显的毒副作用。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中TN-2的1H NMR谱图;
图2为实施例1中TN-2的MS谱图;
图3为实施例1中TN-2的HPLC谱图;
图4为实施例4中TN-2抑制微管蛋白的结果;
图5为实施例5中TN-2抑制NRP1介导的VEGF/VEGFR2信号通路的结果;
图6为实施例6中TN-2促进细胞凋亡的结果;
图7为实施例7中TN-2抑制细胞增殖的结果;
图8为实施例7中TN-2抑制细胞增殖的结果;
图9为实施例8中TN-2抑制细胞成管能力的结果;
图10为实例9中TN-2对裸鼠体内肿瘤抑制以及对器官毒副作用的影响。
实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明。
实施例1
微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点化合物TN-2的制备。
(1)1.1 (3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)甲醇的合成:
将3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醛 (20.0 g, 101.94 mmol, 1.0 eq) 溶于100 mL无水乙醇,室温下分批加入NaBH4 (1.27 g, 33.64 mmol, 0.33 eq),必要时可冰浴加入,室温反应至TLC点板(PE:EA=4:1)反应完全,冰浴下加水淬灭反应。旋干乙醇,水/DCM萃取,饱和食盐水洗,Na2SO4干燥,浓缩得淡黄色油状液体,为(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)甲醇(18 g, 89.08%)。
(2)1.2 5-(溴甲基)-1,2,3-三甲氧基苯的合成:
将(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)甲醇 (1.0 g, 5.04 mmol, 1.0 eq) 溶于无水乙醚,按顺序加入PBr3 (474.17 μL, 5.04 mmol, 1.0 eq) 和吡啶 (20.36 μL, 252.25 μmol,0.05 eq),必要时使用冰水浴,加入吡啶后会产生烟雾。40 ℃反应3 h至反应完全(PE:EA=3:1)。冰浴下加水淬灭,乙醚/水萃取,干燥后旋干得白色至米黄色固体,为5-(溴甲基)-1,2,3-三甲氧基苯(1.07 g, 80.92%)。
(3)1.3 溴三苯基(3,4,5-三甲氧苄基)正膦的合成
将5-(溴甲基)-1,2,3-三甲氧基苯 (1.5 g, 5.74 mmol, 1.0 eq) 与三苯基膦(1.51 g,5.74 mmol, 1.0 eq) 溶于三氯甲烷,65 ℃反应1 d。点板(PE:EA=3:1)发现产物在原点。旋去溶剂,EA/PE固化产物后使用EtOH重结晶去除三苯基膦,得到白色固体,为溴三苯基(3,4,5-三甲氧苄基)正膦(2.77 g, 92.13%)。1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ7.80 – 7.61 (m, 9H), 7.54 (td,J= 7.7, 3.5 Hz, 6H), 6.39 (d,J= 2.7 Hz, 2H),5.23 (d,J= 14.0 Hz, 2H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.41 (s, 6H)。
(4)1.4(Z)-1,2,3-三甲氧基-5-(4-甲氧基-3-硝基苯乙烯基)苯的合成
氩气保护下,将溴三苯基(3,4,5-三甲氧苄基)正膦 (2.77 g, 5.29 mmol, 2.0eq)溶于无水THF,冷却至-10 ℃,滴加n-BuLi的1.6 M 己烷溶液 (8.27 mL, 13.23 mmol,5.0 eq) 至上述体系。-10 ℃条件搅拌30 min(反应体系在加入正丁基锂后变红,30 min后红色褪去则补加正丁基锂)。-10 ℃下一次性加入3-硝基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛的无水THF溶液(0.48 g, 2.65 mmol, 1.0 eq)。室温下反应过夜。点板(PE:EA=3:1)发现产生两个主要新点,TLC Rf较高的一点为所需要的Z构型(Rf0.35,m.p.=106-108 ℃)。加入冰水淬灭,EA/水萃取,干燥有机层后旋干,制砂过柱(PE:EA=15:1至8:1),得到淡黄色固体,为(Z)-1,2,3-三甲氧基-5-(4-甲氧基-3-硝基苯乙烯基)苯(0.36 g, 39.39%)。1H NMR (300 MHz,Chloroform-d) δ 7.79 (d,J= 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (dd,J= 8.8, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.94(d,J= 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.62 – 6.39 (m, 4H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.83 (d,J= 9.9 Hz, 3H),3.71 (s, 6H)。
(5)1.5(Z)-2-甲氧基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)苯胺的合成
将(Z)-1,2,3-三甲氧基-5-(4-甲氧基-3-硝基苯乙烯基)苯 (50 mg, 144.78 μmol, 1.0 eq) 溶解于EtOH:H2O=10:1混合液,依次加入铁粉 (40.43 mg, 723.9 μmol,5.0 eq) 和NH4Cl (7.74 mg, 144.78 μmol, 1.0 eq),避光下85 ℃回流2 h,TLC检测产物(PE:EA=2:1,产物有特殊蓝色荧光)。稍冷却后硅藻粉助滤去除铁粉,用DCM洗滤饼,干燥后旋干,制砂过柱(PE:EA=8:1到4:1),得到黄色至淡黄色油状液体,为(Z)-2-甲氧基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)苯胺(35 mg, 76.65%)。1H NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 6.69(d,J= 7.2 Hz, 3H), 6.55 (s, 2H), 6.41 (q,J= 12.3 Hz, 2H), 3.83 (d,J= 4.2 Hz,6H), 3.69 (d,J= 5.7 Hz, 6H), 3.30 (s, 2H)。
(6)1.6(Z)-4-((2-甲氧基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)苯基)氨基)-4-氧代丁酸的合成
室温下,将(Z)-2-甲氧基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)苯胺 (10 mg, 31.71 μmol,1.0 eq) 溶于冰醋酸,滴加丁二酸酐的冰醋酸溶液 (3.17 mg, 31.71 μmol, 1.0 eq)至上述体系,rt反应5 min,TLC点板(DCM:MeOH=20:1)监测反应完全。加水,加碳酸氢钠溶液至中性,EA/水萃取,旋干的产物。不纯时重结晶或过柱(DCM:MeOH=100:1到80:1),得到淡黄色固体,为(Z)-4-((2-甲氧基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)苯基)氨基)-4-氧代丁酸(13mg, 98.69%)。1H NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.29 (d,J= 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (s,1H), 6.99 (dd,J= 8.5, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.70 (d,J= 8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.56 – 6.35 (m,4H), 3.83 (d,J= 3.3 Hz, 5H), 3.68 (s, 5H), 2.75 (dt,J= 14.8, 6.5 Hz, 4H)。
(7)1.7(Z)-(4-((2-甲氧基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)苯基)氨基)-4-氧代丁酰基)-L-精氨酸甲酯的合成
将(Z)-4-((2-甲氧基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)苯基)氨基)-4-氧代丁酸(200 mg, 481.41 μmol, 1.0 eq) 溶于DMF,冰浴,加入HATU (201.36 mg, 529.56 μmol,1.1 eq),反应20 min。将(L)-精氨酸甲酯二盐酸盐 (138.29 mg, 529.56 μmol, 1.1 eq)加入至25 mL反应瓶,加入DMF,发现不溶解,随后加入DIPEA (251.57 μL, 1.44 mmol, 3.0eq),发现(L)-精氨酸甲酯溶解,将该溶液加入至上述体系中。转移至室温,反应2 d,原料彻底反应完(DCM:MeOH=10:1点板,使用碘显色发现残留原料精氨酸甲酯)。加入水,EA/水萃取,旋干,制砂,过柱(EA至EA:MeOH=20:1)。白色粉末状固体,为(Z)-4-((2-甲氧基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)苯基)氨基)-4-氧代丁酸(210 mg, 74%)。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 9.11 (s, 1H), 8.30 (d,J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.42 (t,J= 5.7 Hz,1H), 6.98 (d,J= 3.0 Hz, 2H), 6.57 (s, 2H), 6.54 – 6.37 (m, 2H), 4.26 (td,J=8.2, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.64 (s, 3H), 3.62 (s, 3H), 3.59 (s, 6H),3.09 (q,J= 6.6 Hz, 2H), 2.56 (d,J= 13.7 Hz, 2H), 2.46 – 2.36 (m, 2H), 1.78 –1.66 (m, 1H), 1.65 – 1.54 (m, 1H), 1.54 – 1.44 (m, 2H)。
(8)1.8 化合物TN-2的合成
将(Z)-4-((2-甲氧基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)苯基)氨基)-4-氧代丁酸(10 mg, 17.07 μmol, 1.0 eq) 溶于THF,加入1 M LiOH的水溶液 (37.56 μL, 37.56 μmol, 2.2 eq),室温下反应1 h至反应完全(DCM:MeOH=4:1)。旋干,用水溶解。调节pH至2左右,析出固体。抽滤后干燥得淡黄色固体,为化合物TN-2(10mg)。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 12.49 (s, 1H), 9.13 (s, 1H), 8.12 (d,J= 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (d,J= 7.7 Hz,2H), 7.48 – 7.11 (m, 3H), 7.05 – 6.93 (m, 2H), 6.57 (s, 2H), 6.46 (q,J= 12.3Hz, 2H), 4.20 – 4.12 (m, 1H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.64 (s, 3H), 3.59 (s, 6H), 3.09(q,J= 6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.56 (d,J= 11.5 Hz, 2H), 2.44 (t,J= 7.0 Hz, 2H), 1.73 (q,J= 7.1 Hz, 1H), 1.60 (d,J= 11.5 Hz, 1H), 1.51 (q,J= 7.4 Hz, 2H)(图1);MS(ESI)m/z: 572.3 [M+H]+(图2);HPLC: 99.121%(Rt=11.013 min)(图3)(流动相A:甲醇;流动相B:水;流速:1 mL/min;柱温:40 ℃;检测器:254 nm;流动相A的占比比例:0 min 30%;12 min95%;16 min 95%;18 min 30%;20 min 30%;各时间节点间为直线变化,流动相B填充剩余比例的溶剂)。
实施例2
TN-2对微管聚合、NRP1以及肿瘤细胞生长的抑制作用。
首先将微管蛋白悬浮在PEM缓冲液中。然后加入不同浓度的微管蛋白单靶点抑制剂秋水仙碱和TN-2化合物并在冰上混合。用Beckman分光光度计在350 nm、37℃下检测微管蛋白的聚合动力学来测定化合物对微管蛋白聚合的抑制作用。此外,将不同浓度的NRP1单靶点抑制剂EG00229和TN-2化合物加入HUVEC细胞内,随后再加入0.1 nM 的125I-VEGF-A165来测定化合物对NRP1的抑制作用。结果如表1所示, TN-2对微管蛋白聚合和NRP1具有显著的双重抑制作用,且与微管单靶点抑制剂秋水仙碱和NRP1单靶点抑制剂EG00229相比,抑制效果分别提高了3倍左右。
将人前列腺癌PC-3细胞与人前列腺上皮细胞PrEC细胞分别给予不同浓度的TN-2、秋水仙碱以及NRP1化合物,置37℃,5%CO2的培养箱中孵育72h,用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法测定化合物对肿瘤细胞的抑制率。结果如表1所示,与EG00229相比,TN-2和秋水仙碱对肿瘤细胞PC-3的生长有明显的抑制作用。而与秋水仙碱相比,TN-2对正常细胞PrEC的生长几乎无明显抑制作用,TN-2的选择指数明显大于秋水仙碱。
这些结果表明,与单靶点抑制剂秋水仙碱和NRP1相比,TN-2能够选择性的抑制肿瘤细胞生长而对正常细胞无明显毒副作用。
a SI, 选择指数 = 化合物对人前列腺上皮细胞PrEC的IC50/化合物对人前列腺癌细胞PC-3的IC50。 b no, 无抑制活性。
实施例3
TN-2对肿瘤细胞的体外抑制作用。
将人前列腺癌PC-3细胞、人肝癌SK-Hep-1细胞、人肺癌A427细胞、人肺癌A549细胞分别给予不同浓度的TN-2化合物,置37℃,5%CO2的培养箱中孵育72h,用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法测定化合物对肿瘤细胞的抑制率。
结果如表2所示,TN-2对PC-3、SK-Hep-1、A427以及 A549细胞均具有明显的体外抑制活性。
实施例4
TN-2对细胞微管聚合的抑制作用。
在激光共聚焦培养皿中用不同浓度TN-2(0,0.1,0.5,2.5, 12.5μM)培养的PC-3细胞在4%多聚甲醛中固定10 min,在4°C下用0.1%Triton X-100渗透15 min,并在室温下用PBS中的3%BSA封闭1.5h。加入抗β-微管蛋白的一级抗体,并在4°C下孵育过夜。在室温下用PBS洗涤细胞三次,并在黑暗中用Alexa Fluor 488缀合的二级抗体培养1 h。之后,细胞核用DAPI染色30 min,并通过共聚焦显微镜观察细胞MT组装。如图4所示,TN-2可以有效抑制微管的聚合。
实施例5
TN-2对细胞内NRP1介导的VEGF/VEGFR2信号通路的抑制作用。
在用不同浓度的TN-2(0, 0.5, 2.5, 12.5μM)处理的PC-3细胞中测定磷酸化VEGFR2的水平。如图5所示,VEGF可以刺激VEGFR2的磷酸化,使其含量显著增加,而用不同浓度的TN-2(0, 0.5, 2.5, 12.5μM)处理时显著抑制了p-VEGFR2的含量,其中当用12.5μM时抑制率超过了50%,表明TN-2作为NRP1抑制剂对于VEGF功能和信号传导的显著抑制作用。
实施例6
TN-2对PC-3细胞株凋亡情况的影响。
使用梯度浓度的TN-2(0, 0.1,0.5, 2.5, 12.5 μM)处理细胞,以DMSO作为溶剂配制,对细胞进行处理后,用Annexin V-FITC和PI对细胞进行双重标记。如图6中的A所示,TN-2处理可以促进PC-3细胞凋亡;如图6中的B和如图6中的C所示,检测凋亡蛋白提示TN-2处理可以诱导凋亡蛋白Cleaved PARP和Cleaved caspase-3表达增多,结果表明TN-2可促进PC-3细胞凋亡。
实施例7
通过细胞克隆实验考察TN-2对细胞集落形成能力的影响,以细胞集落形成率与集落形成大小表示细胞独立生存能力,具体过程如下:在6孔板内铺入细胞500-1000个/孔,置于37 ℃恒温培养箱内培养使之贴壁。48 h后换入2 mL新鲜的完全培养基,再加入不同浓度的TN-2(0, 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, 12.5 μM),以DMSO作为溶剂配制,再放入培养箱继续培养。之后每3日更换一次培养基。2周后弃去上清液,PBS清洗后加预冷甲醇固定30min。然后再加PBS清洗,加入0.1%结晶紫染色液染色30 min。最后PBS清洗至孔板底部透明无色。静置数天自然干燥,拍照。不同浓度药物处理后的集落形成结果如图7所示,TN-2可以抑制PC-3细胞株的克隆形成能力并呈浓度依赖性。
使用EdU检测细胞增殖能力:在96孔板中铺入细胞1w个/孔,置于37 ℃恒温培养箱内过夜使之贴壁。次日换入200 μL含不同浓度TN-2(0, 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, 12.5 μM)的完全培养基,以DMSO作为溶剂配制,再放入培养箱继续培养。药物作用24 h后加入含EdU试剂(10μM)的完全培养基,37 ℃孵育2 h。PBS清洗5 min后加4%多聚甲醛室温固定30 min,2 mg/mL甘氨酸中和5 min,PBS清洗5min后加0.5% TritonX-100渗透20 min,PBS清洗5 min。使用kFluor488-azide染色反应液室温避光孵育30 min,PBS清洗5 min。使用1× Hoechst33342反应液室温避光孵育30 min,PBS清洗后置于荧光显微镜下成像。如图8的EdU增殖实验结果表现TN-2处理可抑制细胞增殖活性,表明TN-2可抑制PC-3细胞增殖。
实施例8
本实施例探究TN-2对细胞株成管能力的影响:在96孔板中均匀铺入Matrigel 50μL/孔,置于细胞培养箱中60 min待其凝固,使用梯度浓度的TN-2(0, 0.1, 0.5, 2.5,12.5 μM)处理细胞,以DMSO作为溶剂配制,每孔加入9万个HUVEC细胞,放入培养箱中进行培养,8-15h后进行观察并拍照。如图9结果表明,TN-2处理显著抑制了HUEVCs的成管能力,表现为节数、主节、节段、长度、总分枝长度、网目数和平均网目数的减少。
实施例9
TN-2对PC-3细胞异位移植瘤裸小鼠肿瘤生长的影响:将6-8周龄BALB/C雌性裸小鼠适应环境1周左右,将PC-3细胞利用胰酶消化后,1300 rpm离心4 min,加入5 mL新鲜无FBS的DMEM洗一遍后计数,将浓度调整至1×108个细胞/mL,以100 μL每只接种至小鼠皮下。待瘤体积长至100 mm3后开始给药。每种细胞随机分3组,每组6只,分别为TN-2 (5 mg/kg,10 mg/kg)给药组,溶剂空白对照。接瘤后按组别进行腹腔注射给药,每4日给药1次,每只小鼠给100 μL药物(TN-2溶于4%DMSO+1%吐温-80+95%灭菌PBS)或溶剂空白对照(4%DMSO+1%吐温80+95%灭菌PBS),连续20天。实验过程中每4天记录裸小鼠体重和瘤体积,观察裸小鼠生长情况。实验终点取肿瘤组织,测量肿瘤重量并计算抑制率,抑制率=(对照组瘤体积-加药组瘤体积/对照组瘤体积)×100%。结果显示,与对照组相比TN-2给药组的肿瘤体积显著减少(图10中的A,图10中的B)。TN-2给药组的肿瘤重量也明显低于对照组(图10中的C)。对裸鼠体重进行检测,结果表明TN-2对裸鼠体重无明显影响(图10中的D)。最后,利用H&E染色测定TN-2对小鼠器官的毒性,结果表明,TN-2对小鼠的不同器官(包括心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺和肾脏)几乎没有毒性(图10中的E),这些结果表明TN-2具有良好的体内抗肿瘤活性且无明显的毒副作用。
Claims (8)
1.一种微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述化合物为结构式(I)所示的化合物:
。
2.一种权利要求1所述化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将原料1溶于无水乙醇,室温下加入硼氢化钠,室温反应,反应结束后冰浴下加水淬灭反应,分离纯化得到中间体2;
(2)将中间体2溶于无水乙醇,加入三溴化磷和吡啶,加热反应,反应结束后冰浴下加水淬灭反应,分离纯化得到中间体3;
(3)将中间体3与三苯基膦溶于三氯甲烷,加热反应,反应结束后分离纯化得到中间体4;
(4)氩气保护下将中间体4溶于四氢呋喃,冷却后滴加正丁基锂的己烷溶液,加入3-硝基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛的无水四氢呋喃溶液,随后室温反应,反应结束后冰浴下加水淬灭反应,分离纯化得到中间体5;
(5)将中间体5溶于乙醇和水的混合液,依次加入铁粉和氯化铵,避光加热回流,分离纯化得到中间体6;
(6)将中间体6溶于冰醋酸,滴加丁二酸酐的冰醋酸溶液,反应分离纯化得到中间体7;
(7)将中间体7溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,加入2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐,冰浴反应,随后加入(L)-精氨酸甲酯二盐酸盐,加入N -乙基二异丙胺使(L)-精氨酸甲酯完全溶解,反应分离纯化得到中间体8;
(8)将中间体8溶于四氢呋喃,加入氢氧化锂的水溶液,反应分离纯化得到微管蛋白和NRP1双靶点化合物;
。
3.一种药物组合物,其特征在于:所述药物组合物由权利要求1中的双靶点化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体和/或辅料制备而成的制剂。
4.一种权利要求1所述的化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐、或权利要求3所述的药物组合物在制备微管蛋白/NRP1双靶点抑制剂药物中的应用。
5.一种权利要求1所述的化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐、或权利要求3所述的药物组合物在制备用于抑制VEGF/VEGF2信号通路的药物中的应用。
6.一种权利要求1所述的化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐、或权利要求3所述的药物组合物在制备抗血管生成药物中的应用。
7.一种权利要求1所述的化合物或其立体异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐、或权利要求3所述的药物组合物在制备用于治疗和/或预防肿瘤的药物中的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述肿瘤包括前列腺癌、结肠癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、食管癌、宫颈癌、神经胶质瘤、鼻咽瘤、肝癌、卵巢癌或淋巴癌。
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