CN116329588A - Cutting insert, shank and cutting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a cutting blade, a cutter handle and a cutting tool. The cutting insert is rotationally symmetrical about a central axis, the cutting insert having: a base having opposed first and second surfaces, and an outer peripheral surface connected between the first and second surfaces; the first surface has a planar bottom confining surface perpendicular to the central axis; the outer peripheral surface is provided with four side restraining surfaces which are rotationally symmetrical around the central axis, each side restraining surface is a plane and parallel to the central axis, and two adjacent side restraining surfaces are mutually perpendicular; four cutting portions rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, respectively extending outward from the outer peripheral surface of the base portion; and cutting edges formed at the ends of the cutting portions, respectively. The cutting insert has higher utilization rate and processing stability.

Description

Cutting insert, shank and cutting tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of cutting tools, in particular to a cutting blade, a cutter handle and a cutting tool.

Background

Chinese patent No. CN209157157U discloses a small part turning inner hole and end face blade, which has a blade body, and two cutting portions on the blade body, which are symmetrical about the center axis of the mounting hole, can perform hole opening processing, inner hole processing or hole end face processing on the workpiece.

In this technical scheme, on the one hand this blade only provides two cutting portions, and the utilization ratio is lower, and the use cost of cutter is higher, and on the other hand, this blade exists the stability of installing on the handle of a knife not enough, and machining precision is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present utility model is to provide a cutting insert, which improves the utilization rate of the insert and the machining stability.

Another object of the present utility model is to provide a shank for mounting a cutting insert that improves insert mounting stability.

It is yet another object of the present utility model to provide a cutting tool comprising a cutting insert and a shank.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

according to one aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a cutting insert rotationally symmetrical about a central axis, the cutting insert having: a base having opposed first and second surfaces, and an outer peripheral surface connected between the first and second surfaces; the first surface has a planar bottom confining surface perpendicular to the central axis; the outer peripheral surface is provided with four side restraining surfaces which are rotationally symmetrical around the central axis, each side restraining surface is a plane and parallel to the central axis, and two adjacent side restraining surfaces are mutually perpendicular; four cutting portions rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, respectively extending outward from the outer peripheral surface of the base portion; and cutting edges formed at the ends of the cutting portions, respectively.

Preferably, the two adjacent side restraint surfaces are a first side restraint surface and a second side restraint surface respectively; the four cutting portions include a first cutting portion located between the first side restraining surface and the second side restraining surface.

Preferably, the first cutting portion extends in a direction away from the central axis compared to the first side restraining surface, and the first cutting portion does not protrude beyond the second side restraining surface in a direction from the central axis to the second side restraining surface.

Preferably, the first cutting portion has a first side surface connected to the first side restraining surface, and an included angle between the first side surface and the first side restraining surface is an obtuse angle.

Preferably, the first cutting portion has a first portion and a second portion farther from the first side confining surface than the first portion, and the width of the first portion is greater than the width of the second portion.

Preferably, the width of the first cutting portion gradually decreases from the first portion to the second portion.

Preferably, the cutting edge is formed on a ridge line of a side of the cutting portion adjacent to the second surface, the cutting portion being formed with a clearance surface on a side facing away from the cutting edge, the clearance surface being provided with a space from a workpiece being processed by the cutting edge.

Preferably, the base is provided with a central bore through the first and second surfaces, the axis of the central bore forming the central axis.

According to another aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a shank provided with a mounting groove for mounting the cutting insert as described above, the mounting groove having a mounting bottom surface and two mounting side surfaces perpendicular to the mounting bottom surface, the two mounting side surfaces being perpendicular to each other, the mounting bottom surface being adapted to engage a bottom restraining surface of the cutting insert, the two mounting side surfaces being adapted to engage respectively two adjacent ones of the side restraining surfaces of the cutting insert.

According to yet another aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a cutting tool comprising a tool shank as described above and a cutting insert as described above, the cutting insert being removably mounted in a mounting slot of the tool shank.

According to the technical scheme, the utility model has at least the following advantages and positive effects: in the cutting blade, the first surface of the base part is provided with the planar bottom restraining surface, the periphery of the base part is provided with the planar side restraining surfaces, when the cutting blade is arranged in the cutter handle, the bonding restraint can be formed between the bottom restraining surface and the two adjacent side restraining surfaces and the corresponding plane of the cutter handle respectively, so that the cutter handle can respectively provide supporting force for the cutting blade in three directions perpendicular to each other, the cutting force applied by the cutting blade in all directions can be effectively resisted, stable restraint is formed between the cutting blade and the cutter handle, the processing stability of the cutting blade is ensured, and the processing precision of the cutting blade is correspondingly improved. In the cutting blade, the base part and the cutter handle can form stable restraint, and the cutting edges on the four cutting parts can respectively participate in processing through rotating and changing positions, so that the four cutting edges are provided by using one cutting blade, the utilization rate is higher, and the use cost is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a cutting tool of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the tool shank of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the cutting insert of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a front view of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a top view of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a state in which the cutting tool of fig. 1 performs an inner diameter process.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the relative positions of the cutting tool and the workpiece in the state shown in fig. 6, in another view.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the cutting tool of fig. 1 in a state of performing end face machining.

Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of the cutting tool of the present utility model.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the cutting insert of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing a state in which the cutting tool of fig. 9 performs an inner diameter groove machining.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the relative positions of the cutting tool and the workpiece in the state shown in fig. 11 in another view direction.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing a state in which the cutting tool of fig. 9 performs an outer diameter groove machining.

Fig. 14 is a block diagram of a third embodiment of a cutting tool of the present utility model.

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the cutting insert of fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view showing a state in which the cutting tool of fig. 14 performs end face groove machining.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the relative positions of the cutting tool and the workpiece in the state shown in fig. 16 in another view direction.

The reference numerals are explained as follows:

100. a cutting tool; 1. a cutting insert; 11. a base; 111. a central bore; 112. a first surface; 113. a second surface; 114. a first side confining surface; 1141. a first edge; 1142. a second edge; 1143. a third edge; 1144. a fourth edge; 115. a second side confinement surface; 116. a third lateral confinement surface; 117. a fourth lateral confinement surface; 12. a cutting portion; 12a, a first cutting portion; 121. a first side; 122. a second side; 123. an end face; 124. a front corner face; 125. a clearance surface; 13. a cutting edge; 131. a side cutting edge; 132. an end cutting edge; 2. a knife handle; 21. a mounting groove; 211. a mounting bottom surface; 212. a mounting side; 22. a fixing hole; 3. a fastener;

200. a workpiece; 201. an inner bore; 202. processing the surface;

300. a workpiece; 301. an end face;

400. a cutting tool; 4. a cutting insert; 41. a base; 415. a second side confinement surface; 42. a cutting portion; 42a, a first cutting portion; 422. a second side; 425. a clearance surface; 426. an avoidance groove; 43. a cutting edge; 431. a side cutting edge; 432. an end cutting edge;

500. a workpiece; 501. an inner bore; 502. an inner diameter groove;

600. a workpiece; 601. an outer peripheral surface; 602. an outer diameter groove;

700. a cutting tool; 7. a cutting insert; 71. a base; 714. a first side confining surface; 715. a second side confinement surface; 72. a cutting portion; 72a, a first cutting portion; 721. a first side; 722. a second side; 725. a clearance surface; 73. a cutting edge; 731. a side cutting edge; 732. an end cutting edge;

800. a workpiece; 801. an end face; 802. an end face groove.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the present utility model will be described in detail in the following description. It will be understood that the utility model is capable of various modifications in various embodiments, all without departing from the scope of the utility model, and that the description and illustrations herein are intended to be by way of illustration only and not to be construed as limiting the utility model.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," etc. indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

First embodiment of the cutting tool:

referring to fig. 1, a cutting tool 100 of the present embodiment includes a shank 2, a cutting insert 1, and a fastener 3. The cutting insert 1 is detachably mounted on the shank 2 and is secured by means of a fastener 3. The fastener 3 is, for example, a bolt. When the cutting insert 1 is to be removed, the fastener 3 is operated accordingly.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the shank 2 of the present embodiment has a long strip-like structure, and one end portion thereof is provided with a mounting groove 21 for mounting the cutting insert 1.

The mounting groove 21 has a mounting bottom surface 211 and two mounting side surfaces 212 perpendicular to the mounting bottom surface 211. The mounting bottom surface 211 is generally planar, or at least in a central region is planar. In this embodiment, the mounting bottom 211 is further provided with a fixing hole 22 for fixing the fastener 3. Both mounting sides 212 are planar and perpendicular to each other. There is a space between the two mounting sides 212, and the vertical distance from the central axis of the fixing hole 22 to the two mounting sides 212 is the same.

When the cutting insert 1 is mounted in the mounting groove 21, the mounting bottom surface 211 and the two mounting side surfaces 212 are respectively bonded to the cutting insert 1, thereby forming a stable restraint for the cutting insert 1.

The tool shanks 2 can be mounted in a suitable manner on a corresponding cutting device, so that the cutting insert 1 can machine a workpiece. The tool shank 2 may take various different structural forms according to practical requirements, and is not limited to the elongated structure of the present embodiment, and the tool shank 2 is not limited to only being provided with one mounting groove 21.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the cutting insert 1 of the present embodiment has a rotationally symmetrical structure about a central axis L1, wherein a central hole 111 is provided in the center of the cutting insert 1, and the central axis L1 is formed by the axis of the central hole 111. The central hole 111 is provided for passing a fastener 3 therethrough for mounting and fixing the cutting insert 1 to the holder 2 by means of the fastener 3. In other possible embodiments, it is also conceivable to not provide the central hole 111 if the cutting insert 1 can be fixed by other fixing means.

The cutting insert 1 has a base 11, four cutting portions 12 extending outwardly from the base 11, and cutting edges 13 formed at distal ends of the cutting portions 12, respectively. It should be noted that the cutting insert 1 is actually a unitary structure, and the names of the differences between the base portion 11 and the cutting portion 12 are defined manually for convenience of description.

The base 11 has opposite first and second surfaces 112 and 113, and an outer peripheral surface connected between the first and second surfaces 112 and 113. The center of the base 11 is provided with the center hole 111, and the center hole 111 penetrates the first surface 112 and the second surface 113.

The outer contours of the first surface 112 and the second surface 113 are square, and the projections of the two along the extending direction of the central axis L1 are coincident when viewed from the view shown in fig. 5. In this embodiment, preferably, the areas of the first surface 112 and the second surface 113 other than the central hole 111 are planar, and the first surface 112 and the second surface 113 are perpendicular to the central axis L1 of the central hole 111. The region of the first surface 112 except the central hole 111 forms a bottom confining surface, i.e. a plane perpendicular to the central axis L1.

The outer peripheral surface has four side restraining surfaces that rotate about the central axis L1. For convenience of description, the four side restraint surfaces are respectively referred to as a first side restraint surface 114, a second side restraint surface 115 adjacent to the first side restraint surface 114 and located on one side of the first side restraint surface 114, a third side restraint surface 116 adjacent to the first side restraint surface 114 and located on the other side of the first side restraint surface 114, and a fourth side restraint surface 117 opposite to the first side restraint surface 114. The first side restraint surface 114 is perpendicular to the second side restraint surface 115 and the third side restraint surface 116, and the fourth side restraint surface 117 is also perpendicular to the second side restraint surface 115 and the third side restraint surface 116.

The first side restraining surface 114 is a plane parallel to the central axis L1, and the first side restraining surface 114 is rectangular, and its outer contour includes a first edge 1141, a second edge 1142, a third edge 1143 and a fourth edge 1144.

The first edge 1141 is connected to the first surface 112, the first edge 1141 corresponds to one side of the square outer contour of the first surface 112, but the length of the first edge 1141 is smaller than the side length of the square.

The second edge 1142 is connected to the second surface 113, the second edge 1142 corresponds to one side of the square outer contour of the second surface 113, and likewise, the length of the second edge 1142 is smaller than the side length of the square. The second edge 1142 is parallel and opposite to the first edge 1141.

Two ends of the third edge 1143 are respectively connected to opposite end points of the first edge 1141 and the second edge 1142, and two ends of the third edge 1143 are respectively connected to the first surface 112 and the second surface 113, where the third edge 1143 and the third side restraining surface 116 are located on the same plane.

The two ends of the fourth edge 1144 are respectively connected to the opposite other ends of the first edge 1141 and the second edge 1142, and the two ends of the fourth edge 1144 are also respectively connected to the first surface 112 and the second surface 113. The fourth edge 1144 is adjacent to the second side constraint surface 115 and is spaced apart from the second side constraint surface 115.

Since the four side restraint surfaces are substantially the same, the second side restraint surface 115, the third side restraint surface 116, and the fourth side restraint surface 117 can be substantially converted into the first side restraint surface 114 by the positional conversion of rotation about the central axis L1, and the second side restraint surface 115, the third side restraint surface 116, and the fourth side restraint surface 117 will not be described repeatedly.

Still referring to fig. 3-5, the four cutting portions 12 are also rotationally symmetric about the central axis L1. Each of the cutting portions 12 protrudes outward from the outer peripheral surface of the base portion 11. The two surfaces of the cutting portion 12 may be substantially flush with the first surface 112 and the second surface 113 of the base portion 11, respectively.

In this embodiment, the four cutting portions 12 and the four side restraining surfaces 114, 115, 116, 117 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction around the central axis L1. That is, one cutting portion 12 is provided between two adjacent side restraining surfaces, and accordingly, the side restraining surfaces located between the two adjacent cutting portions 12 are formed as a complete flat surface which is not divided. For example, the first side confining surface 114 is a complete rectangular plane as described above.

For convenience of description, one cutting portion 12 located between the first side restraining surface 114 and the second side restraining surface 115 is referred to as a first cutting portion 12a.

The first cutting portion 12a and the first side restraining surface 114 correspond to the same side of the square outer contour of the second surface 113, and the first cutting portion 12a extends in a direction away from the central axis L1 than the first side restraining surface 114. One side of the first cutting portion 12a is connected to the fourth edge 1144 of the first side restraining surface 114, and the other side of the first cutting portion 12a is adjacent to the second side restraining surface 115. The first cutting portion 12a may be said to extend outward from the space between the fourth edge 1144 of the first side restraining surface 114 and the second side restraining surface 115.

The first cutting portion 12a does not protrude beyond the second side restraining surface 115 in a direction from the central axis L1 toward the second side restraining surface 115. As seen in the view shown in fig. 5, the second side restraining surface 115 is located on the right side of the center hole 111, and accordingly, the first cutting portion 12a is located on the left side of the extension L2 of the second side restraining surface 115 as a whole in the left-right direction, and does not extend beyond the right side of the extension L2. Thus, the cutting insert 1 has a relatively regular outer shape, facilitating the shaping of the cutting insert 1.

The first cutting portion 12a has a first side 121 adjacent to the first side confining surface 114, and the first side 121 is connected to the first side confining surface 114. The included angle α between the first side 121 and the first side restraining surface 114 is an obtuse angle. Therefore, the stress at the connection between the first cutting portion 12a and the base portion 11 is more dispersed, so that the connection between the two portions has better strength. In this embodiment, the first side 121 is formed by connecting two planes, in other embodiments, the first side 121 may be formed by connecting one complete plane or a greater number of planes, and in addition, the first side 121 may also include an arc surface.

The first cutting portion 12a has a second side surface 122 adjacent to the second side restraining surface 115, and in this embodiment, a space is formed between the second side surface 122 and the second side restraining surface 115, and the space forms a yielding space.

The end of the first cutting portion 12a remote from the base portion 11 has an end face 123, and both sides of the end face 123 are respectively connected to the first side face 121 and the second side face 122.

The distance between the first side surface 121 and the second side surface 122 constitutes the width of the first cutting portion 12a. As shown in fig. 5, the first cutting portion 12a has a first portion P1 and a second portion P2 that is farther from the first side restraining surface 114 than the first portion P1, and a width W1 of the first cutting portion 12a at the first portion P1 is larger than a width W2 at the second portion P2. Here, the first portion P1 and the second portion P2 are arbitrarily selected on the first cutting portion 12a, and are not fixed at any position.

Based on the relative positional relationship between the first portion P1 and the second portion P2 and the width of the first portion P2, the first cutting portion 12a has a larger width near the base 11, so that the first cutting portion 12a maintains better strength.

In the present embodiment, the width of the first cutting portion 12a is gradually reduced at the first portion P1 to the second portion P2. In fact, the width of the first cutting portion 12a is gradually reduced throughout in a direction away from the first side restraining surface 114. The width reduction trend may be uniform or non-uniform, that is, the first side 121 and the second side 122 may be flat or curved, which is not limited.

When the cutting insert 1 is processed, chips may be wound around the outer periphery of the first cutting portion 12a, and according to the configuration in which the width is gradually reduced, the chips can be easily cleaned from the first cutting portion 12a at the processing gap.

With continued reference to fig. 3-5, cutting edges 13 are respectively formed at the ends of the individual cutting portions 12, i.e., the ends of the cutting portions 12 that are remote from the base 11. The cutting edge 13 is formed on a ridge line of a side of the cutting portion 12 adjacent to the second surface 113. The cutting edges 13 on the respective cutting portions 12 are identical.

Taking the cutting edge 13 on the first cutting portion 12a as an example, the cutting edge 13 in this embodiment includes a side cutting edge 131 and an end cutting edge 132. The side cutting edge 131 and the end cutting edge 132 both extend along a straight line, and form an acute included angle therebetween. The side cutting edges 131 and the end cutting edges 132 are similar in length.

The side cutting edge 131 is connected to the second side surface 122, and a portion of the second side surface 122 along the side cutting edge 131 forms a relief surface of the side cutting edge 131, defining a relief angle of the side cutting edge 131.

The end cutting edge 132 is joined to the end surface 123, and a portion of the end surface 123 along the end cutting edge 132 forms a relief surface of the end cutting edge 132, defining a relief angle of the end cutting edge 132.

The end of the first cutting portion 12a is further provided with a rake surface 124 corresponding to the cutting edge 13, the rake surface 124 being recessed from the surface of the first cutting portion 12a, which meets the second surface 113, in the direction of the first surface 112, and thus forming a chip space. The rake surface 124 meets both the side cutting edge 131 and the end cutting edge 132, and the rake angle of the rake surface 124 defines the rake angle of the side cutting edge 131 and the end cutting edge 132.

The rake and relief angles of the side and end cutting edges 131, 132 may be designed to accommodate the actual machining requirements, and the second side 122, end 123, and rake 124 may be adjusted accordingly.

Each cutting portion 12 is further formed with a clearance surface 125 on a side facing away from the cutting edge 13, the clearance surface 125 being provided with a space from a workpiece being machined by the cutting edge 13, thereby avoiding machining interference.

The clearance surface 125 may be formed by removing a portion of material from a side of the cutting portion 12 adjacent the first surface 112. From the view shown in fig. 5, the clearance surface 125 is located within a range surrounded by the side cutting edge 131 and the end cutting edge 132 in a projection along the central axis L1.

The size and angle of the clearance surface 125 may be set according to the size requirements of the workpiece and as stiff as possible to ensure the cutting edge 13. The clearance surface 125 may be a single plane, a combination of a plurality of planes, a curved surface, a combination of a plane and a curved surface, or the like, and specifically may be designed in accordance with a balance among a minimum machining diameter of the workpiece, workability of the cutting insert 1, and rigidity of the cutting insert 1.

Depending on the configuration of the cutting edge 13 of the cutting insert 1, the cutting insert 1 may be used for both inner diameter machining and end face machining.

As shown in fig. 6, the cutting tool 100 performs a reaming process on the workpiece 200 having the inner hole 201.

The cutting edge 13 of the first cutting portion 12a of the cutting insert 1 is described as taking into account the machining. The cutting insert 1 is held in the mounting groove 21 of the holder 2 by a fastener 3. Specifically, the bottom restraint surface of the first surface 112 is actually bonded to the mounting bottom surface 211, and the third side restraint surface 116 and the fourth side restraint surface 117 of the base 11 are bonded to the two mounting side surfaces 212 of the mounting groove 21, respectively, of the first surface 112 of the base 11 of the cutting insert 1.

The first cutting portion 12a protrudes outside the holder 2. During machining, the first cutting portion 12a is inserted into the inner hole 201 of the workpiece 200, the workpiece 200 is machined by the end cutting edge 132 of the cutting edge 13, and the material of the workpiece 200 is removed to form the enlarged diameter machined surface 202, that is, the inner hole 201 is subjected to reaming.

Referring to fig. 7, during the reaming process, the cutting edge 13 of the first cutting portion 12a contacts the workpiece 200 to cut, and the clearance surface 125 of the first cutting portion 12a is spaced from the wall of the inner hole 201 of the workpiece 200, so that no machining interference occurs.

Fig. 8 illustrates a state in which the cutting tool 100 is used for end face machining. At this time, the cutting insert 1 machines the workpiece 300 with the side cutting edge 131, and the side cutting edge 131 contacts and cuts away the material of the corresponding portion of the workpiece 300 from the outer periphery of the workpiece 300, thereby removing the unnecessary or uneven end face with low precision, and machining a new end face 301 with high precision.

In the above-mentioned processing situation, the relative positions of the workpieces 200, 300 and the cutting edge 13 may be set appropriately according to actual processing requirements, and the side cutting edge 131 and/or the end cutting edge 132 may be used for processing as appropriate.

In either machining situation, when the cutting edge 13 cuts the workpiece 200, 300, the workpiece 200, 300 will generate a reaction force to the cutting edge 13, and the tool shank 2 can provide supporting force to the cutting blade 1 in three directions perpendicular to each other through the bonding of the two adjacent side restraining surfaces with the two mounting side surfaces 212 of the tool shank 2 and the bonding of the bottom restraining surface of the first surface 112 with the mounting bottom surface 211 of the tool shank 2, so that the cutting blade 1 and the tool shank 2 form stable restraint, the machining stability of the cutting blade 1 is ensured, and the machining precision of the cutting blade 1 is improved correspondingly.

In the cutting blade 1, the base 11 and the tool shank 2 can form stable restraint, the cutting edges 13 on the four cutting parts 12 can respectively participate in processing through rotating and changing positions, and the four cutting edges 13 are provided by using one cutting blade 1, so that the use ratio is higher, and the use cost is reduced.

Because the restraint of the cutting blade 1 and the cutter handle 2 is mainly realized by the cooperation of the base 11 and the cutter handle 2, the specific structural shape of the cutting part 12 can be flexibly set, and meanwhile, the cutting edge 13 on each cutting part 12 can be correspondingly designed according to actual needs so as to be applied to different processing scenes. The following is a detailed description of two other embodiments.

Second embodiment of cutting tool:

referring to fig. 9, the cutting tool 400 of the present embodiment includes a shank 2, a cutting insert 4 detachably mounted on the shank 2, and a fastener 3 for fixing the cutting insert 4 to the shank 2. Wherein the related structure of the shank 2 and the mating relationship of the cutting insert 4 and the shank 2 can be referred to the first embodiment.

As shown in fig. 10, the cutting insert 4 of the present embodiment also has a base 41, a cutting portion 42, and a cutting edge 43. The main difference between the cutting insert 4 and the cutting insert 1 of the first embodiment is that the cutting edge 43 is provided differently, and the cutting portion 42 is also subjected to adaptive fine adjustment corresponding to the provision of the cutting edge 43.

The cutting edge 43 includes a side cutting edge 431 and an end cutting edge 432, the side cutting edge 431 having a large length to be used as a main cutting edge in processing, and the end cutting edge 432 having a small length to be used as a wiper.

The second side surface 422 of the first cutting portion 42a includes a plurality of stepped surfaces, and a portion near the base 41 is located farther from the second side restraining surface 415 than the cutting edge 43 is located, and it is also possible to consider that the second side surface 422 of the first cutting portion 42a is provided with a relief groove 426.

Based on the cutting edge 43 arrangement in the cutting insert 4, the cutting insert 4 can be used for machining of inner diameter grooves and outer diameter grooves.

Fig. 11 illustrates a state in which the cutting tool 400 processes a workpiece 500 having an inner hole 501. The first cutting portion 42a of the cutting insert 4 extends into the inner hole 501 of the workpiece 500, and the side cutting edge 431 machines the wall of the inner hole 501, thereby machining a recessed inner diameter groove 502 in the wall of the inner hole 501. At this time, the escape groove 426 of the first cutting portion 42a may form an escape for the workpiece 500.

Referring to fig. 12, in the inner diameter groove processing, the cutting edge 43 of the first cutting portion 42a contacts the hole wall of the workpiece 500 to cut, and the clearance surface 425 of the first cutting portion 42a is spaced from the hole wall of the inner hole 501 of the workpiece 500, so that the processing interference does not occur. In this embodiment, the clearance surface 425 is an arc surface, and it is understood that the shape of the clearance surface 425 can be flexibly set, and only the workpiece 500 needs to be avoided.

Fig. 13 illustrates a state in which an outer diameter groove is machined by the cutting tool 400. At this time, the side cutting edge 431 of the cutting insert 4 performs cutting processing on the outer circumferential surface 601 of the workpiece 600 with a processing position spaced from the end of the workpiece 600, thereby forming an outer diameter groove 602 around the outer circumference on the workpiece 600. At this time, the escape groove 426 of the first cutting portion 42a is also formed to escape the workpiece 600.

In the cutting tool 400 according to the second embodiment, the fixing and engaging restraining modes of the cutting insert 4 and the holder 2 are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the planar engaging restraining modes are respectively formed between the cutting insert 4 and the holder 2 in three directions perpendicular to each other, so that the holder 2 can provide a stable supporting action to the cutting insert 4 in various processing modes applied to the cutting tool 400 according to the second embodiment, and the processing stability of the cutting insert 4 is ensured.

Third embodiment of cutting tool:

referring to fig. 14, the cutting tool 700 of the present embodiment includes a shank 2, a cutting insert 7 detachably mounted to the shank 2, and a fastener 3 securing the cutting insert 7 to the shank 2. Wherein the relative structure of the shank 2 and the mating relationship of the cutting insert 7 with the shank 2 may be referred to in the first embodiment.

As shown in fig. 15, the cutting insert 7 of the present embodiment also has a base portion 71, a cutting portion 72, and a cutting edge 73. The main difference between the cutting insert 7 and the cutting insert 1 of the first embodiment is that the cutting edge 73 is provided differently, and the cutting portion 72 is also subjected to adaptive fine adjustment corresponding to the provision of the cutting edge 73.

Cutting edge 73 includes two symmetrical side cutting edges 731 and an end cutting edge 732 connecting the two side cutting edges 731. Wherein end cutting edge 732 is substantially parallel to first side confining surface 714.

The end of the first cutting portion 72a is narrowed in design corresponding to the arrangement of the cutting edge 73, i.e., the first side face 721 and the second side face 722 are relatively closed at a position away from the base portion 71, respectively. The two side cutting edges 731 are disposed corresponding to the first side 721 and the second side 722, respectively. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the portion of the second side 722 connected to the base 71 is flush with the second side restraint surface 715.

Based on the cutting edge 73 arrangement in the cutting insert 7, the cutting insert 7 can be used for grooving of an end surface.

Referring to fig. 16 and 17, when the cutting tool 700 is used to machine a workpiece 800, the first cutting portion 72a of the cutting insert 7 faces the end face 801 of the workpiece 800, and the end face groove 802 is formed by cutting the workpiece 800 mainly with the end cutting edge 732. The processed end surface groove 802 shown in fig. 17 is circular, and the end surface groove 802 may extend in a straight line according to the movement of the workpiece 800. When the face groove 802 needs to be widened, the side wall of the face groove 802 may be cut with the side cutting edge 731. In addition, according to the actual requirements, the shoulder groove may be machined by cutting the workpiece 800 with both the end cutting edge 732 and one of the side cutting edges 731.

As shown in fig. 17, in this embodiment, the clearance surface 725 of the first cutting portion 72a is also planar, and is spaced from the side wall of the end surface groove 802 machined by the cutting edge 73, so that machining interference is avoided.

In the cutting tool 700 of the third embodiment, the fixing and engaging restraining modes of the cutting insert 7 and the holder 2 are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the planar engaging restraining modes are respectively formed between the cutting insert 7 and the holder 2 in three directions perpendicular to each other, so that the holder 2 can provide a stable supporting action to the cutting insert 7 in various processing modes applied to the cutting tool 700 of the third embodiment, and the processing stability of the cutting insert 7 is ensured.

While the utility model has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and of limitation. As the present utility model may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A cutting insert rotationally symmetric about a central axis, the cutting insert comprising:

a base having opposed first and second surfaces, and an outer peripheral surface connected between the first and second surfaces; the first surface has a planar bottom confining surface perpendicular to the central axis; the outer peripheral surface is provided with four side restraining surfaces which are rotationally symmetrical around the central axis, each side restraining surface is a plane and parallel to the central axis, and two adjacent side restraining surfaces are mutually perpendicular;

four cutting portions rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, respectively extending outward from the outer peripheral surface of the base portion; and

Cutting edges are respectively formed at the tail ends of the cutting parts.

2. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein two adjacent side restraining surfaces are a first side restraining surface and a second side restraining surface, respectively; the four cutting portions include a first cutting portion located between the first side restraining surface and the second side restraining surface.

3. The cutting insert according to claim 2, wherein the first cutting portion extends away from the central axis in a direction from the central axis to the second side restraining surface in comparison to the first side restraining surface, the first cutting portion not exceeding the second side restraining surface.

4. The cutting insert of claim 2, wherein the first cutting portion has a first side surface connected to the first side restraining surface, the included angle between the first side surface and the first side restraining surface being an obtuse angle.

5. The cutting insert according to claim 2, wherein the first cutting portion has a first portion and a second portion further from the first side restraining surface than the first portion, the first portion having a width greater than a width of the second portion.

6. The cutting insert according to claim 5, wherein the width of the first cutting portion tapers from the first location to the second location.

7. The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the cutting edge is formed on a ridge line of a side of the cutting portion adjacent to the second surface, the cutting portion being formed with a clearance surface on a side facing away from the cutting edge, the clearance surface being arranged with a spacing from a workpiece being machined by the cutting edge.

8. The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the base is provided with a central bore through the first and second surfaces, the axis of the central bore forming the central axis.

9. A tool shank provided with a mounting groove for mounting a cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the mounting groove having a mounting bottom surface and two mounting side surfaces perpendicular to the mounting bottom surface, the two mounting side surfaces being perpendicular to each other, the mounting bottom surface being adapted to engage a bottom restraining surface of the cutting insert, the two mounting side surfaces being adapted to engage respectively two adjacent ones of the side restraining surfaces of the cutting insert.

10. A cutting tool comprising a tool shank according to claim 9 and a cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the cutting insert being removably mounted in a mounting slot of the tool shank.

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