CN116328282A - 一种玄武岩纤维滑雪板 - Google Patents

一种玄武岩纤维滑雪板 Download PDF

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CN116328282A
CN116328282A CN202310329527.8A CN202310329527A CN116328282A CN 116328282 A CN116328282 A CN 116328282A CN 202310329527 A CN202310329527 A CN 202310329527A CN 116328282 A CN116328282 A CN 116328282A
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basalt fiber
basalt
polytetrafluoroethylene
polyurethane
fibers
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CN116328282B (zh
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刘嘉麒
孙春青
朱泽阳
孟玲龙
任东强
谭鑫
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Xingan League Shiyuan Basalt Fiber Engineering Technology Research Institute
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Xingan League Shiyuan Basalt Fiber Engineering Technology Research Institute
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
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    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
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    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
    • C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
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    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种玄武岩纤维滑雪板，所述滑雪板中包括一层或多层的玄武岩纤维板，所述玄武岩纤维板包括由磷酸锆改性的玄武岩纤维编织而成的框架，以及聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)混合物，所述混合物填充在所述框架中和/或包覆在框架表面；其制备方法包括：将玄武岩和磷酸锆在熔融的状态下拉丝得到纤维，在磷酸铵的作用下活化，然后将其织造成网格布，与聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)混合物热压得到玄武岩纤维板，所述玄武岩纤维板具有极好的在低温机械性能，可用于制备在极寒条件下使用的材料，例如制备高性能的滑雪板。

Description

一种玄武岩纤维滑雪板
技术领域
本发明涉及一种玄武岩纤维滑雪板。
背景技术
近年来，滑雪成为一种非常流行的运动，滑雪板也成为了比较流行的一种运动器材。滑雪板通常包括的板体有木质的、金属的、玻璃纤维的、塑料板材或泡塑板材。木质的对湿度敏感，容易受潮变形，金属和玻璃纤维等材质的滑雪板粘合处容易开裂，而塑料板材或泡塑板材的强度和硬度有限，寿命较短，易老化，使用时安全度也不高。
玄武岩纤维板具有极好的机械性能，耐腐蚀和耐老化的优点，在建筑领域广泛引用，但是市面上的玄武岩纤维板在低温下的机械性能，尤其是抗弯折性能下降尤其明显，如何提高玄武岩纤维板在低温环境下的性能是目前研究的重点。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种玄武岩纤维滑雪板，所述滑雪板中包括一层或多层的玄武岩纤维板，所述玄武岩纤维板包括由磷酸锆改性的玄武岩纤维编织而成的框架，以及聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)混合物，所述混合物填充在所述框架中和/或包覆在框架表面；其制备方法包括：将玄武岩和磷酸锆在熔融的状态下拉丝得到纤维，在磷酸铵的作用下活化，然后将其织造成网格布，与聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)混合物热压得到玄武岩纤维板，所述玄武岩纤维板具有极好的在低温机械性能，可用于制备在极寒条件下使用的材料，例如制备高性能的滑雪板。
一种玄武岩纤维板的制备方法，其特征在于具体制备步骤为：
1)将玄武岩矿石，磷酸锆进行粉碎混合处理，得到混合颗粒；将混合颗粒进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将所述玄武岩纤维原丝浸入磷酸铵的溶液中进行预处理，取出干燥得到活化的玄武岩纤维；
3)将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布；
4)将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
5)在模具内依次平铺层叠聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料，改性玄武岩纤维网格布的层数为1层及以上；
6)对铺好的物料热压，得到所述玄武岩纤维板。
进一步的，其中步骤1中：所述玄武岩矿石，磷酸锆的质量比为100:2-3，玄武岩纤维原丝的直径为10-30μm。
进一步的，其中步骤2中的所述溶液中的磷酸铵的浓度为3-5wt％。
进一步的，其中步骤3为将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2000-3000tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布。
进一步的，其中步骤4中，浸润液中包括：2-2.5质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550，1.2-1.5质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水。
进一步的，聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料中，聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯的质量比为2:8-5:5。
进一步的，其中步骤6中热压温度为150-200℃，压力为10-15MPa，保压时间为10-360min。
一种玄武岩纤维板，所述玄武岩纤维板包括由磷酸锆改性的玄武岩纤维编织而成的框架，以及聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)混合物，所述混合物填充在所述框架中和/或包覆在框架表面，所述玄武岩纤维板由所述的方法制备得到。
一种玄武岩纤维滑雪板，所述滑雪板包括一层或多层所述的玄武岩纤维板。
本发明的有益技术效果
1)本发明在制备玄武岩纤维的过程中加入了磷酸锆，其中磷酸锆能够改善玄武岩纤维的结晶结构，从而改善其力学性能；
2)在聚四氟乙烯中加入了弹性的聚氨酯材料，能够明显提高聚四氟乙烯的弹性和抗弯性能，但是在低温下的抗弯性能下降明显，发明人发现，通过磷酸铵的处理，磷酸根离子在玄武岩表面的附着能够使纤维表面粗糙度增加同时提高玄武岩纤维的表面活性，从而提高玄武岩纤维和聚合物之间的结合强度，活化的玄武岩纤维在其后的浸润剂表面处理的过程中在玄武岩纤维的表面接枝更多的活性基团，提高玄武岩纤维与聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯之前的结合强度，显著提高了纤维板在低温下的抗弯曲性能。
3)相比较其他磷酸盐溶液，磷酸铵溶液近乎中性，不会对玄武岩纤维产生腐蚀，能够保证玄武岩纤维的力学性能；
4)含有硅烷偶联剂KH-550，硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯的浸润剂能够快速在纤维表面接枝大量活性基团，提高了玄武岩纤维与其他材料之间的化学键接能力，又能将玄武岩粗纤维中的数百根乃至数千跟玄武岩单丝集束，提高玄武岩纤维力学性能。
实施例
列举实施例和比较例对本发明进行更具体的说明，但本发明在不超出其主旨的范围内并不受这些实施例的限制。
本发明中，主要研究对于玄武岩纤维的改性工艺对于纤维板在低温条件下的抗弯折性能的影响，因此，为了避免受到其他参数的影响，对于玄武岩纤维的尺寸以及聚合物组分的比例，采用固定数值，但是本发明请求保护的范围不应受这些实施例的限制。
实施例1
1)将质量比为100:2的玄武岩矿石和磷酸锆进行粉碎混合处理得到平均粒径为50μm的混合颗粒；将混合颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将所述玄武岩纤维原丝浸入含有3wt％的磷酸铵溶液中浸泡1h，取出干燥得到活化的玄武岩纤维；
3)将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
4)将2质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550，1.2质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水配置成浸润液，然后将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润完全；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
5)将200目的聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯粉料以质量比为3:7的比例混合，得到混合粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的混合粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料；
6)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
实施例2
1)将质量比为100:3的玄武岩矿石和磷酸锆进行粉碎混合处理得到平均粒径为50μm的混合颗粒；将混合颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将所述玄武岩纤维原丝浸入含有4wt％的磷酸铵溶液中浸泡1h，取出干燥得到活化的玄武岩纤维；
3)将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
4)将2.5质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550，1.5质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水配置成浸润液，然后将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润完全；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
5)将200目的聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯粉料以质量比为3:7的比例混合，得到混合粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的混合粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料；
6)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
实施例3
1)将质量比为100:2的玄武岩矿石和磷酸锆进行粉碎混合处理得到平均粒径为50μm的混合颗粒；将混合颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将所述玄武岩纤维原丝浸入含有5wt％的磷酸铵溶液中浸泡1h，取出干燥得到活化的玄武岩纤维；
3)将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
4)将2质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550，1.5质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水配置成浸润液，然后将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润完全；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
5)将200目的聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯粉料以质量比为3:7的比例混合，得到混合粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的混合粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料；
6)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
对比例1
1)将玄武岩矿石进行粉碎处理得到平均粒径为50μm的颗粒；将颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将多根所述玄武岩纤维原丝利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
3)将2质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550，1.5质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水配置成浸润液，然后将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润完全；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
4)取200目的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)粉料；
5)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
对比例2
1)将玄武岩矿石进行粉碎处理得到平均粒径为50μm的颗粒；将颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将多根所述玄武岩纤维原丝利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
3)将2质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550，1.5质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水配置成浸润液，然后将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润完全；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
4)将200目的聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯粉料以质量比为3:7的比例混合，得到混合粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的混合粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料；
5)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
对比例3
1)将质量比为100:2的玄武岩矿石和磷酸锆进行粉碎混合处理得到平均粒径为50μm的混合颗粒；将混合颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将多根所述玄武岩纤维原丝利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
3)将2质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550，1.5质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水配置成浸润液，然后将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润完全；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
4)将200目的聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯粉料以质量比为3:7的比例混合，得到混合粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的混合粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料；
5)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
对比例4
1)将玄武岩矿石进行粉碎处理得到平均粒径为50μm的颗粒；将颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将所述玄武岩纤维原丝浸入含有5wt％的磷酸铵溶液中浸泡1h，取出干燥得到活化的玄武岩纤维；
3)将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
4)将2质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550，1.5质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水配置成浸润液，然后将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润完全；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
5)将200目的聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯粉料以质量比为3:7的比例混合，得到混合粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的混合粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料；
6)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
对比例5
1)将质量比为100:2的玄武岩矿石和磷酸锆进行粉碎混合处理得到平均粒径为50μm的混合颗粒；将混合颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将所述玄武岩纤维原丝浸入含有磷酸钠的溶液中浸泡1h，其中磷酸钠的浓度为5wt％，取出干燥得到活化的玄武岩纤维；
3)将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
4)将2质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550，1.5质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水配置成浸润液，然后将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润完全；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
5)将200目的聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯粉料以质量比为3:7的比例混合，得到混合粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的混合粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料；
6)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
对比例6
1)将质量比为100:2的玄武岩矿石和磷酸锆进行粉碎混合处理得到平均粒径为50μm的混合颗粒；将混合颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将所述玄武岩纤维原丝浸入含有5wt％的磷酸铵溶液中浸泡1h，取出干燥得到活化的玄武岩纤维；
3)将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
4)将200目的聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯粉料以质量比为3:7的比例混合，得到混合粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的混合粉料和玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料；
6)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
对比例7
1)将质量比为100:2的玄武岩矿石和磷酸锆进行粉碎混合处理得到平均粒径为50μm的混合颗粒；将混合颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将所述玄武岩纤维原丝浸入含有5wt％的磷酸铵溶液中浸泡1h取出干燥得到活化的玄武岩纤维；
3)将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
4)将2质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550和100质量份去离子水配置成浸润液，然后将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润完全；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
5)将200目的聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯粉料以质量比为3:7的比例混合，得到混合粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的混合粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料；
6)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
对比例8
1)将质量比为100:2的玄武岩矿石和磷酸锆进行粉碎混合处理得到平均粒径为50μm的混合颗粒；将混合颗粒在1400℃下进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到直径为20μm玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将所述玄武岩纤维原丝浸入含有5wt％的磷酸铵溶液中浸泡1h取出干燥得到活化的玄武岩纤维；
3)将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2500tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布，其中网格直径为1mm；
4)将1.5质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水配置成浸润液，然后将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润完全；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
5)将200目的聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯粉料以质量比为3:7的比例混合，得到混合粉料，在模具内依次平铺层叠0.5mm厚的混合粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料；
6)对铺好的物料热压，热压温度为170℃，压力为12MPa，保压时间为50min，得到厚度为3mm的玄武岩纤维板，其中玄武岩纤维网格布为5层。
实验效果
抗弯强度测试在英制Instron1195万能材料试验机上进行。用作测试的试条为3×4×35(mm*mm*mm)。采用三点弯曲法测量，跨距为30mm，加载速率为0.5mm/min。每个数据测试5根试条，然后取平均值。按照ISO14704：2000测试实施及对比例所得玄武岩纤维板材的抗弯强度，如表1所示。
表1
Figure BDA0004154440660000101
由实施例的数据可见，采用磷酸锆掺杂和磷酸铵共同处理的纤维，室温和低温性能几乎保持一致；参见对比例1-2可见，当未改性的玄武岩纤维和聚四氟乙烯的复合板中添加了聚氨酯后，虽然在室温下的抗弯强度得到了提升，但是，在低温环境下，抗弯强度下降较为明显，和未添加聚氨酯的复合板相比，低温环境下的抗弯强度几乎没有改善；参见对比例3可见，仅对玄武纤维进行磷酸锆的改性方式对于室温和低温条件下的改进取得了部分效果，但是低温下的抗弯性能衰减依然非常明显；参见对比例4可见，采用磷酸铵活化的玄武岩纤维能够明显减小室温和低温下的抗弯性能差距；参见对比例5可见，当采用磷酸钠的表面处理活化工艺后，玄武岩的力学性能出现了下降，原因可能是因为磷酸铵溶液水解后为碱性，对玄武岩纤维产生了腐蚀，导致力学性能下降；参见对比例6-8可见，硅烷偶联剂KH-550，硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯单独作用时，对于性能提升都不明显，但两者共同作用，显著提高了玄武岩纤维复合板的抗弯性能。
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍，但是应当认识到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。

Claims (9)

1.一种玄武岩纤维板的制备方法，其特征在于具体制备步骤为：
1)将玄武岩矿石，磷酸锆进行粉碎混合处理，得到混合颗粒；将混合颗粒进行熔融，形成纺丝熔液；将纺丝熔液进行拉丝，得到玄武岩纤维原丝；
2)将所述玄武岩纤维原丝浸入磷酸铵溶液中进行预处理，取出干燥得到活化的玄武岩纤维；
3)将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布；
4)将玄武岩纤维网格布浸入到浸润液中浸润；取出烘干，得到改性玄武岩纤维网格布；
5)在模具内依次平铺层叠聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料和改性玄武岩纤维网格布，其中层叠物料的最下层和最上层为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料，改性玄武岩纤维网格布的层数为1层及以上；
6)对铺好的物料热压，得到所述玄武岩纤维板。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中步骤1中：所述玄武岩矿石，磷酸锆的质量比为100:2-3，玄武岩纤维原丝的直径为10-30μm。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中步骤2中所述溶液中的磷酸铵的浓度为3-5wt％。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中步骤3为将多根所述活化的玄武岩纤维利用制股机捻成一股，得到线密度为2000-3000tex的玄武岩粗纱；然后将所述粗纱纺织得到玄武岩纤维网格布。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中步骤4中，浸润液中包括：
2-2.5质量份硅烷偶联剂KH-550，1.2-1.5质量份硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯和100质量份去离子水。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)的混合粉料中，聚四氟乙烯和聚氨酯的质量比为2:8-5:5。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中步骤6中热压温度为150-200℃，压力为10-15MPa，保压时间为10-360min。
8.一种玄武岩纤维板，所述玄武岩纤维板包括由磷酸锆改性的玄武岩纤维编织而成的框架，以及聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚氨酯(TPU)混合物，所述混合物填充在所述框架中和/或包覆在框架表面，其特征在于，所述玄武岩纤维板由权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法制备得到。
9.一种玄武岩纤维滑雪板，其特征在于，所述滑雪板包括一层或多层权利要求8所述的玄武岩纤维板。
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CN114516198A (zh) * 2020-11-16 2022-05-20 广州众缘纺织科技有限公司 一种抗菌针织布及其制备方法
CN115122454A (zh) * 2022-07-19 2022-09-30 上海五岳木业有限公司 一种防火型家具面板及其制备方法

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CN107383431A (zh) * 2017-06-23 2017-11-24 安庆市枞江汽车部件制造有限公司 一种具有良好拉伸强度的汽车安全带塑料卡扣
CN114516198A (zh) * 2020-11-16 2022-05-20 广州众缘纺织科技有限公司 一种抗菌针织布及其制备方法
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