CN116326267A

CN116326267A - Seed bed preparation device and preparation method for rape combined direct seeding machine

Info

Publication number: CN116326267A
Application number: CN202310633687.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张博; 刘立超; 王韬杰; 李兆东; 陈黎卿; 伍德林
Original assignee: Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Current assignee: Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Priority date: 2023-05-31
Filing date: 2023-05-31
Publication date: 2023-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 2043-05-31
Also published as: CN116326267B

Abstract

The utility model discloses a seed bed servicing device of a rape combined direct seeding machine and a servicing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of seed bed servicing, comprising a U-shaped truss, wherein a pair of rotary tillage shafts are arranged below the U-shaped truss, and a plurality of rotary tillage plows are sleeved on the rotary tillage shafts; a pair of U-shaped brackets are arranged below the U-shaped truss, a pair of crushing shafts are arranged between the pair of U-shaped brackets, and a plurality of crushing reamer are sleeved on the crushing shafts; an L-shaped bracket is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner bottom wall of the opening of the U-shaped bracket, a crushing shaft is arranged between the pair of L-shaped brackets, a plurality of crushing reamer are sleeved on the crushing shaft, and the crushing reamer are distributed in a staggered manner; the back of the U-shaped truss is provided with a pair of second swing arms, and a flattening roller is arranged between the bottom end parts of the pair of second swing arms. The utility model adopts the mode of double rotary tillage, repeated crushing and soil covering and leveling to combine operation, meets the technical requirement of protective cultivation, and has the advantages of high efficiency and low consumption.

Description

Seed bed preparation device and preparation method for rape combined direct seeding machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of seedbed preparation, in particular to a seedbed preparation device of a rape combined direct seeding machine and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Tillage machinery is a key link in agricultural production, and the tillage quality directly influences the growth quality of crops. The rape cultivation is mainly carried out by seedling transplanting, and has the advantages of high labor intensity, multiple production procedures and low production efficiency. The existing seeder generally adopts a full-width shallow rotation operation mode, so that a seed bed is not obvious, the rotary tillage depth is not enough, and the seed sowing depth is difficult to ensure; the full-width rotary tillage is implemented, so that the defects of difficult effective utilization of straws, serious water and soil loss, poor lodging resistance of the rape caused by underdeveloped main root system of the later seedlings of the rape and the like exist; in order to meet the requirement of protective cultivation, no-tillage/low-tillage combined direct seeding is a main technical development trend of rape cultivation.

As the Chinese utility model discloses a seed bed rotary tillage device (publication number: CN 201207799) of a rape combined direct seeding machine, which comprises a right passage plate of the seed bed, a left passage plate of the seed bed, a ditching and fertilizing shovel, a right rotary tillage cutter roller combination, an anti-winding blade and a left rotary tillage cutter roller combination. Each pair of right channel plates and left channel plates of the seedbed form 1 group of seedbed channels; a ditching and fertilizing shovel is arranged in front of and in the middle of the seed bed channel; the left end of the cutter shaft of the left rotary blade roller combination and the right end of the cutter shaft of the right rotary blade roller combination are respectively arranged on the main frame, and the other ends are connected through a spline sleeve; 6 groups of rotary blades are arranged on the cutter shaft and are respectively positioned between each pair of channel plates; the anti-winding blade is welded on the cutter shaft of the left rotary tillage cutter roller and the right rotary tillage cutter roller combination and is positioned between the left rotary tillage cutter seat and the right rotary tillage cutter seat.

The current bed servicing device has the following disadvantages: 1. the traditional rotary cultivator breaks up the fertility gradient of soil from bottom to top, changes the original good soil structure, reduces the soil fixing capability of crop stubbles, causes soil hardening, reduces drought resistance and waterlogging resistance, reduces the content of organic matters, and worsens the soil condition and the like; 2. because the crushing effect of the soil is poor, the soil is easy to cause sticky hardening, so that the soil crushing rate is lower, and the method is not suitable for seed growth.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the defect of poor rotary tillage soil breaking effect of a seed bed in the prior art, and provides a seed bed preparation device of a rape combined direct seeding machine and a preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the problem of poor rotary tillage and soil breaking effects of the seed bed in the prior art, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a rape combine seed bed preparation device, includes U type truss, the interior left and right sides wall of U type truss is equipped with two pairs of first swing arms that are V style of calligraphy distribution and activity articulated, the below front and back both sides of U type truss are equipped with a pair of horizontal parallel rotary tillage axle that place, every rotary tillage axle's both ends all rotate and pass through to pass and establish at the bottom end of corresponding first swing arm, every rotary tillage epaxial cover is equipped with a plurality of equidistance and distributes the rotary tillage plough;

the left side and the right side below the U-shaped truss are provided with symmetrically distributed U-shaped brackets, a pair of crushing shafts which are transversely arranged in parallel are arranged between opposite surfaces of the pair of U-shaped brackets, two end parts of each crushing shaft are rotatably and penetratingly arranged at corners of the corresponding U-shaped brackets, and a plurality of crushing reamer which are distributed in a staggered mode are sleeved on each crushing shaft;

an L-shaped bracket is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner bottom wall of an opening of the U-shaped bracket, a crushing shaft which is transversely placed is arranged between the opposite surfaces of the pair of L-shaped brackets, two end parts of the crushing shaft are rotatably and penetratingly arranged in the middle of the corresponding L-shaped bracket, a plurality of crushing reamer which are distributed at equal intervals are sleeved on the crushing shaft, and the crushing reamer are distributed in a staggered manner;

the utility model discloses a U-shaped truss, including U-shaped truss, the back both sides of U-shaped truss are equipped with a pair of parallel placement behind the slant and activity articulated second swing arm, a pair of be equipped with the horizontal roller of placing between the bottom of second swing arm, the cover is equipped with the flattening roller of concentric rigid coupling on the roller, a plurality of evenly distributed's toper lug has set firmly on the outer anchor ring of flattening roller.

Preferably, first sleeves penetrating through in rotation are inserted into corners of left and right side walls in the U-shaped truss, the top end part of each first swing arm is fixedly connected with the corresponding inner end part of the first sleeve in a penetrating manner, two pairs of linkage shafts penetrating through in rotation are arranged on the left and right side walls in the U-shaped truss, linkage gears concentrically fixedly connected are sleeved in the middle of each linkage shaft, driven notch gears are fixedly arranged on the top end part of each first swing arm, and each linkage gear is in meshed connection with the driven notch gear on one side of the corresponding swing arm

The inner end part of each linkage shaft is sleeved with a worm wheel which is fixedly connected with the same in a concentric manner, a pair of first through holes are formed in the left side and the right side of the inner top wall of the U-shaped truss, a first motor with a downward output end is fixedly arranged in each first through hole, a worm which is coaxially connected is fixedly arranged at the end part of a motor shaft of each first motor, each worm extends between a corresponding pair of linkage shafts, and each worm is meshed and connected with a pair of worm wheels on one side.

Preferably, a pair of fixing shafts which are transversely arranged in parallel are arranged on the front side and the rear side in the U-shaped truss, two end parts of each fixing shaft penetrate through corresponding first sleeves in a rotating mode and extend to the outer side of the U-shaped truss, fixed chain wheels which are fixedly connected in a concentric mode are sleeved on two end parts of each fixing shaft, first chain wheels which are fixedly connected in a concentric mode are sleeved on the left end part of each rotary tillage shaft, and each first chain wheel is in meshed transmission connection with the corresponding fixed chain wheel on one side through a linkage chain belt;

the locating support has been set firmly on the top surface right side of U type truss, the second through-hole has been seted up at the middle part of locating support, the inside of second through-hole has set firmly the second motor that the output is outwards, the motor shaft tip cover of second motor has the second sprocket of concentric rigid coupling, the second sprocket carries out meshing transmission with a pair of fixed sprocket of corresponding one side through the triangle chain belt and is connected.

Preferably, two ends of the top of the U-shaped bracket are provided with a pair of V-shaped articulated connecting rods which are movably articulated, the middle parts of the opposite surfaces of each pair of first swing arms are fixedly provided with first lugs, and the outer end parts of each articulated connecting rod are movably articulated with the first lugs on the corresponding side; a pair of buffer springs are fixedly arranged between two sides of the bottom surface of the U-shaped truss and the top ends of the pair of L-shaped brackets, a pair of fixed cylinders are fixedly arranged at two ends of each buffer spring, and the pair of fixed cylinders are fixedly connected with the U-shaped truss and the L-shaped brackets respectively.

Preferably, the right end parts of the crushing shafts are respectively sleeved with a fixed gear concentrically fixedly connected, and the fixed gears are in meshed connection; a third motor is fixedly arranged behind the outer side face of the U-shaped bracket on the left side, and the end part of a motor shaft of the third motor is coaxially connected with the left end part of the rear crushing shaft.

Preferably, the left end part of the crushing shaft positioned in front is sleeved with a second notch gear which is concentrically fixedly connected, the left end part of the crushing shaft is sleeved with a first notch gear which is concentrically fixedly connected, and the first notch gear is meshed with the second notch gear; the notch part of the first notch gear is provided with an arc chute, the notch part of the second notch gear is fixedly provided with a sector plate, and the outer side surface of the sector plate is in sliding connection with the arc chute.

Preferably, a pair of fixed plates are fixedly arranged on two sides of the back surface of the U-shaped truss, a second sleeve penetrating through the fixed plates in a rotating mode is inserted into the outer end portions of the fixed plates, the top end portions of the second swing arms are fixedly connected with the outer end portions of the second sleeves on one side corresponding to the second sleeve, swing shafts penetrating through the second swing arms in a rotating mode are inserted into the bottom end portions of the second swing arms, a pair of swing plates which are distributed vertically and symmetrically are fixedly arranged on the two end portions of the roll shaft, and the inner end portions of the swing shafts are fixedly connected with the top end portions of the swing plates on one side corresponding to the swing shafts.

Preferably, a limiting shaft penetrating through the second sleeve is inserted into each second sleeve, a third sprocket wheel fixedly connected concentrically is sleeved at the outer end part of each limiting shaft, a fourth sprocket wheel fixedly connected concentrically is sleeved at the outer end part of each swinging shaft, and each third sprocket wheel is in meshed transmission connection with the fourth sprocket wheel at the corresponding side through a limiting chain belt;

the inner end part of each limiting shaft is sleeved with a driven gear which is fixedly connected with the limiting shaft in a concentric manner, the middle part of the outer side face of each fixing plate is fixedly provided with a fourth motor, the end part of a motor shaft of each fourth motor is rotatably penetrated through the middle part of each fixing plate and sleeved with a driving gear which is coaxially connected, and each driving gear is meshed with the driven gear on the corresponding side.

Preferably, a pair of second ear seats are all set firmly in the middle part of second swing arm, a pair of be equipped with the connecting axle that transversely runs through the rigid coupling between the opposite face top of second ear seat, the top surface rear side of U type truss has set firmly a pair of U type ear seat, every seat all be equipped with the flexible jar of activity articulated in the opening of U type ear seat, every the hydraulic telescoping rod tip of flexible jar of hydraulic telescoping rod all with the connecting axle activity articulated.

The utility model also provides a rearing method of the rearing device of the seed bed of the rape combined direct seeding machine, which comprises the following steps:

step one, a U-shaped truss is connected with a tractor, a pair of first motors are synchronously started, a motor shaft of each first motor drives a worm to synchronously rotate, worm meshing drives a pair of worm gears to relatively rotate, the worm gears drive a linkage shaft and a linkage gear to synchronously rotate, and the linkage gear meshing drives a driven notch gear, a first sleeve and a first swing arm to inwards hinge and swing, so that a pair of rotary tillage shafts and rotary tillage plough are adjusted to a proper position;

when the two pairs of first swing arms are hinged and swung relatively, the U-shaped bracket, the pair of crushing shafts and the crushing reamer are driven to slowly fall to a proper position under the hinging action of the hinged connecting rods;

step two, synchronously starting a pair of hydraulic telescopic cylinders, slowly extending the hydraulic telescopic rods of the hydraulic telescopic cylinders, and driving a pair of second swing arms and a flattening roller to swing in a rear lower hinged manner under the hinging action of a connecting shaft so that the flattening roller falls to a proper position;

a pair of fourth motors are synchronously started, a motor shaft of each fourth motor drives a driving gear to synchronously rotate, the driving gears are meshed to drive a driven gear, a limiting shaft and a third sprocket to rotate, and the third sprocket drives the fourth sprocket, the swinging shaft, the swinging plate, the roll shaft and the flattening roll to rotate through a limiting chain belt, so that the swinging plate and the flattening roll are at proper inclination angles;

starting a third motor, wherein a motor shaft of the third motor drives a crushing shaft positioned at the rear to rotate, and driving the front crushing shaft and a second notch gear to reversely rotate due to the meshing action of a pair of fixed gears, wherein a fan-shaped plate on the second notch gear and an arc-shaped chute on the first notch gear form a limiting action, and the second notch gear and the first notch gear are meshed to drive the crushing shaft to intermittently rotate;

step four, starting a second motor, wherein a motor shaft of the second motor drives a second sprocket to synchronously rotate, the second sprocket drives a pair of fixed sprockets and a pair of fixed shafts on the corresponding side to synchronously rotate through a triangular chain belt, and a pair of fixed sprockets on the other side drive a pair of first sprockets and a pair of rotary tillage shafts to synchronously rotate through a linkage chain belt;

step five, when the tractor drives the U-shaped truss to carry out soil preparation operation, a plurality of rotary tillage plows are driven by a pair of rotary tillage shafts to carry out rotary tillage operation on farmlands, large-particle soil blocks are crushed by a pair of crushing shafts and a plurality of crushing reamer, the soil blocks in the crushing reamer intervals are crushed by the crushing shafts and the crushing reamer, and then the leveling operation is carried out on the farmlands after rotary tillage crushing by the leveling roller.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the rotary tillage machine, the pair of rotary tillage shafts and the rotary tillage plow are adjusted to a proper position through the cooperation of the first motor and the second motor, and a plurality of rotary tillage plows are driven by the pair of rotary tillage shafts to carry out rotary tillage operation on farmlands; meanwhile, the flattening roller is enabled to fall to a proper position, the swinging plate and the flattening roller are enabled to be at proper inclination angles, and the flattening roller is used for flattening the rotary tillage crushed farmland, so that the working efficiency of farmland soil preparation is effectively ensured;

2. according to the utility model, the pair of crushing shafts are enabled to rotate relatively through the cooperation of the third motor, the crushing shafts are synchronously driven to rotate intermittently, large-particle soil blocks are crushed through the pair of crushing shafts and the plurality of crushing reamer, and the soil blocks in the intervals of the crushing reamer are crushed through the crushing shafts and the crushing reamer, so that the crushing effect of farmland soil blocks is effectively ensured;

in summary, the utility model solves the problem of poor rotary tillage soil breaking effect of the seed bed, has compact overall structural design, adopts the combined operation of double rotary tillage, repeated crushing and soil covering, meets the technical requirement of protective cultivation, and has the advantages of high efficiency and low consumption.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an explosion from the front perspective of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic rear-view exploded view of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pair of rotary tillage shafts and a plurality of rotary tillage plow attachments according to the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the rear view of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a pair of crushing shafts in connection with a crushing shaft according to the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a schematic rear view of the structure of FIG. 7 in accordance with the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a pair of second swing arms connected to a leveling roll according to the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the rear view of FIG. 9 in accordance with the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the meshing of a first notched gear with a second notched gear according to the present utility model;

number in the figure: 1. u-shaped truss; 11. a first swing arm; 12. a rotary tillage shaft; 13. rotary tillage plough; 14. a fixed shaft; 15. a linkage chain belt; 16. a first motor; 17. a linkage shaft; 18. a second motor; 19. a triangular chain belt; 2. a U-shaped bracket; 21. a hinged connecting rod; 22. an L-shaped bracket; 23. a crushing shaft; 24. crushing a reamer; 25. a crushing shaft; 26. crushing a reamer; 27. a first notched gear; 28. a second notched gear; 29. a third motor; 3. a fixing plate; 31. a second swing arm; 32. a swinging plate; 33. flattening rollers; 34. a hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 35. a fourth motor; 36. and (5) limiting the chain belt.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments.

Embodiment one: the embodiment provides a seed bed preparation device of a rape combined direct seeding machine, which is shown in fig. 1-10, and specifically comprises a U-shaped truss 1, wherein two pairs of first swing arms 11 which are distributed in a V shape and are movably hinged are arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall in the U-shaped truss 1, a pair of rotary tillage shafts 12 which are transversely and parallelly arranged are arranged on the front side and the rear side below the U-shaped truss 1, two end parts of each rotary tillage shaft 12 are rotatably and alternately arranged at the bottom end parts of the corresponding first swing arms 11, and a plurality of rotary tillage plows 13 which are distributed at equal intervals are sleeved on each rotary tillage shaft 12;

the left side and the right side below the U-shaped truss 1 are provided with symmetrically distributed U-shaped brackets 2, a pair of crushing shafts 25 which are transversely and parallelly arranged are arranged between opposite surfaces of the pair of U-shaped brackets 2, two end parts of each crushing shaft 25 are rotatably and penetratingly arranged at corners of the corresponding U-shaped brackets 2, and a plurality of crushing reamer 26 which are distributed in a staggered mode are sleeved on each crushing shaft 25;

the middle parts of the inner bottom walls of the openings of the pair of U-shaped brackets 2 are fixedly provided with L-shaped brackets 22, crushing shafts 23 which are transversely placed are arranged between the opposite surfaces of the pair of L-shaped brackets 22, two end parts of each crushing shaft 23 are rotatably and penetratingly arranged in the middle parts of the corresponding L-shaped brackets 22, a plurality of crushing reamer 24 which are distributed at equal intervals are sleeved on each crushing shaft 23, and a plurality of crushing reamer 24 and a plurality of crushing reamer 26 are distributed in a staggered manner;

the two sides of the back of the U-shaped truss 1 are provided with a pair of second swing arms 31 which are placed in parallel behind an inclined direction and are movably hinged, a roll shaft which is placed transversely is arranged between the bottom end parts of the pair of second swing arms 31, a flattening roll 33 which is fixedly connected with the roll shaft in a concentric manner is sleeved on the roll shaft, and a plurality of conical protruding blocks which are uniformly distributed are fixedly arranged on the outer ring surface of the flattening roll 33.

In the concrete implementation process, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, first sleeves penetrating through in rotation are inserted into corners of left and right side walls in the U-shaped truss 1, top end parts of each first swing arm 11 are fixedly connected with inner end parts of the corresponding first sleeves in a penetrating manner, two pairs of linkage shafts 17 penetrating through in rotation are arranged on the left and right side walls in the U-shaped truss 1, linkage gears concentrically fixedly connected are sleeved in the middle of each linkage shaft 17, driven notch gears are fixedly arranged on top end parts of each first swing arm 11, and each linkage gear is in meshed connection with the driven notch gear on the corresponding side;

the inner end part of each linkage shaft 17 is sleeved with a worm wheel which is concentrically fixedly connected, a pair of first through holes are formed in the left side and the right side of the inner top wall of the U-shaped truss 1, a first motor 16 with a downward output end is fixedly arranged in each first through hole, the end part of a motor shaft of each first motor 16 is fixedly provided with a worm which is coaxially connected, each worm extends between a corresponding pair of linkage shafts 17, and each worm is meshed and connected with a pair of worm wheels on the corresponding side;

the motor shaft of the first motor 16 drives the worm to synchronously rotate, the worm meshing drives a pair of worm wheels to relatively rotate, the worm wheels drive the linkage shafts 17 and the linkage gears to synchronously rotate, and the linkage gears are meshed to drive the driven notch gears, the first sleeve and the first swing arm 11 to inwards hinge and swing, so that the pair of rotary tillage shafts 12 and the rotary tillage plow 13 are adjusted to proper positions.

The description is as follows: in the embodiment, two ends of the top of the U-shaped bracket 2 are provided with a pair of V-shaped articulated connecting rods 21 which are movably articulated, the middle parts of opposite surfaces of each pair of first swing arms 11 are fixedly provided with first ear seats, and the outer end parts of each articulated connecting rod 21 are movably articulated with the first ear seat on the corresponding side; a pair of buffer springs are fixedly arranged between the two sides of the bottom surface of the U-shaped truss 1 and the top ends of a pair of L-shaped brackets 22, a pair of fixed cylinders are fixedly arranged at the two ends of each buffer spring, and the pair of fixed cylinders are fixedly connected with the U-shaped truss 1 and the L-shaped brackets 22 respectively;

when the two pairs of first swing arms 11 swing relatively in a hinged manner, the U-shaped support 2, the pair of crushing shafts 25 and the crushing reamer 26 are driven to slowly fall to proper positions through the hinging action of the hinging connecting rod 21, and meanwhile, the stability of the pair of U-shaped supports 2 is kept under the action of the buffer springs.

Embodiment two: in the first embodiment, there is also a problem that the pair of rotary tillage shafts 12 cannot rotate, and therefore, the present embodiment further includes, on the basis of the first embodiment:

in the specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a pair of fixing shafts 14 which are transversely arranged in parallel are arranged at the front side and the rear side in the U-shaped truss 1, two end parts of each fixing shaft 14 rotate to penetrate through corresponding first sleeves and extend to the outer side of the U-shaped truss 1, fixed chain wheels which are concentrically fixedly connected are sleeved at two end parts of each fixing shaft 14, first chain wheels which are concentrically fixedly connected are sleeved at the left end part of each rotary tillage shaft 12, and each first chain wheel is in meshed transmission connection with the corresponding fixed chain wheel at one side through a linkage chain belt 15;

a positioning bracket is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top surface of the U-shaped truss 1, a second through hole is formed in the middle of the positioning bracket, a second motor 18 with an outward output end is fixedly arranged in the second through hole, a second sprocket wheel which is concentrically fixedly connected is sleeved at the end part of a motor shaft of the second motor 18, and the second sprocket wheel is in meshed transmission connection with a pair of fixed sprocket wheels on the corresponding side through a triangular chain belt 19;

the motor shaft of the second motor 18 drives the second chain wheel to synchronously rotate, the second chain wheel drives a pair of fixed chain wheels and a pair of fixed shafts 14 on the corresponding side through the triangular chain belt 19 to synchronously rotate, and the pair of fixed chain wheels on the other side drives a pair of first chain wheels and a pair of rotary tillage shafts 12 to synchronously rotate through the linkage chain belt 15, and a plurality of rotary tillage plows 13 are driven by the pair of rotary tillage shafts 12 to carry out rotary tillage operation on farmlands.

Embodiment III: in the first embodiment, there is also a problem that the pair of crushing

shafts

25 and 23 cannot rotate, and therefore, the present embodiment further includes, on the basis of the first embodiment:

in the specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 11, the right end parts of the crushing shafts 25 are respectively sleeved with a fixed gear concentrically fixedly connected, and the fixed gears are in meshed connection; a third motor 29 is fixedly arranged behind the outer side surface of the left U-shaped bracket 2, and the end part of a motor shaft of the third motor 29 is coaxially connected with the left end part of the rear crushing shaft 25; the motor shaft of the third motor 29 drives the rear crushing shaft 25 to rotate, and the front crushing shaft 25 and the second notch gear 28 are driven to reversely rotate due to the meshing action of the pair of fixed gears, so that large-particle soil blocks are crushed through the pair of crushing shafts 25 and the plurality of crushing reamer 26;

the left end part of the front crushing shaft 25 is sleeved with a second notch gear 28 which is concentrically fixedly connected, the left end part of the crushing shaft 23 is sleeved with a first notch gear 27 which is concentrically fixedly connected, and the first notch gear 27 is in meshed connection with the second notch gear 28; the notch part of the first notch gear 27 is provided with an arc chute, the notch part of the second notch gear 28 is fixedly provided with a sector plate, and the outer side surface of the sector plate is in sliding connection with the arc chute; because the sector plate on the second notch gear 28 and the arc chute on the first notch gear 27 form a limiting function, and the second notch gear 28 and the first notch gear 27 are meshed, the crushing shaft 23 is driven to intermittently rotate, and the crushing shaft 23 and the crushing reamer 24 crush the soil blocks in the intermittent crushing reamer 26;

of particular emphasis is the fact that: referring to fig. 11, a limiting clamping plate is fixedly arranged on the front surface of the first notch gear 27, a limiting pin shaft is fixedly arranged on one side of the sector plate, and when the second notch gear 28 rotates, the limiting pin shaft is driven to stir the limiting clamping plate to rotate, so that the tooth part of the first notch gear 27 is meshed with the tooth part of the second notch gear 28.

Embodiment four: in the first embodiment, there is also a problem that the adjustment of the platen roller 33 is inconvenient, and therefore, the present embodiment further includes, on the basis of the first embodiment:

in the specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, a pair of fixing plates 3 are fixedly arranged at two sides of the back surface of the U-shaped truss 1, a second sleeve penetrating through in a rotating way is inserted into the outer end part of each fixing plate 3, the top end part of each second swing arm 31 is fixedly connected with the outer end part of the corresponding second sleeve at one side, a swing shaft penetrating through in a rotating way is inserted into the bottom end part of each second swing arm 31, a pair of swing plates 32 distributed vertically and symmetrically are fixedly arranged at two end parts of a roll shaft, and the inner end part of each swing shaft is fixedly connected with the top end part of the corresponding swing plate 32 at one side;

a limiting shaft penetrating through the second sleeve in a rotating mode is inserted into the second sleeve, a third sprocket wheel fixedly connected in a concentric mode is sleeved at the outer end portion of each limiting shaft, a fourth sprocket wheel fixedly connected in a concentric mode is sleeved at the outer end portion of each swinging shaft, and each third sprocket wheel is in meshed transmission connection with the fourth sprocket wheel on the corresponding side through a limiting chain belt 36; the third sprocket drives the fourth sprocket, the swinging shaft, the swinging plate 32, the roll shaft and the flattening roller 33 to rotate through the limiting chain belt 36, so that the swinging plate 32 and the flattening roller 33 form a proper inclination angle;

the inner end part of each limiting shaft is sleeved with a driven gear which is concentrically fixedly connected, the middle part of the outer side surface of a pair of fixed plates 3 is fixedly provided with a fourth motor 35, the end part of a motor shaft of each fourth motor 35 rotates to penetrate through the middle part of the fixed plate 3 and is sleeved with a driving gear which is coaxially connected, and each driving gear is meshed and connected with the driven gear on the corresponding side; the motor shaft of the fourth motor 35 drives the driving gear to synchronously rotate, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, the limiting shaft and the third sprocket to rotate;

the middle parts of the pair of second swing arms 31 are fixedly provided with second ear seats, a connecting shaft which transversely penetrates through and is fixedly connected is arranged between the tops of the opposite surfaces of the pair of second ear seats, the rear side of the top surface of the U-shaped truss 1 is fixedly provided with a pair of U-shaped ear seats, the opening of each U-shaped ear seat is internally provided with a movable hinged hydraulic telescopic cylinder 34, and the end part of a hydraulic telescopic rod of each hydraulic telescopic cylinder 34 is movably hinged with the connecting shaft; the hydraulic telescopic rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 34 slowly stretches, and under the hinging action of the connecting shaft, the pair of second swinging arms 31 and the flattening roller 33 are driven to swing in a hinged mode to the rear lower side, so that the flattening roller 33 falls to a proper position.

Fifth embodiment: specifically, the working principle and the operation method of the utility model are as follows:

the method comprises the steps that firstly, a U-shaped truss 1 is connected with a tractor, a pair of first motors 16 are synchronously started, a motor shaft of each first motor 16 drives a worm to synchronously rotate, worm meshing drives a pair of worm gears to relatively rotate, each worm gear drives a linkage shaft 17 and a linkage gear to synchronously rotate, and the linkage gears are meshed to drive a driven notch gear, a first sleeve and a first swing arm 11 to inwards hinge and swing, so that a pair of rotary tillage shafts 12 and rotary tillage plow 13 are adjusted to proper positions;

when the two pairs of first swing arms 11 swing relatively in a hinged manner, the U-shaped bracket 2, the pair of crushing shafts 25 and the crushing reamer 26 are driven to slowly fall to a proper position under the hinging action of the hinged connecting rod 21;

step two, a pair of hydraulic telescopic cylinders 34 are synchronously started, the hydraulic telescopic rods of the hydraulic telescopic cylinders 34 slowly extend, and under the hinging action of the connecting shafts, a pair of second swinging arms 31 and a flattening roller 33 are driven to swing in a hinging mode to the rear lower side, so that the flattening roller 33 falls to a proper position;

a pair of fourth motors 35 are synchronously started, a motor shaft of each fourth motor 35 drives a driving gear to synchronously rotate, the driving gears are meshed to drive driven gears, limiting shafts and third chain wheels to rotate, and the third chain wheels drive the fourth chain wheels, the swinging shafts, the swinging plates 32, the roll shafts and the flattening rollers 33 to rotate through limiting chain belts 36, so that the swinging plates 32 and the flattening rollers 33 form proper inclination angles;

step three, a third motor 29 is started, a motor shaft of the third motor 29 drives a crushing shaft 25 positioned at the rear to rotate, the crushing shaft 25 positioned at the front and a second notch gear 28 are driven to reversely rotate due to the meshing action of a pair of fixed gears, and the crushing shaft 23 is driven to intermittently rotate due to the limiting action formed by a sector plate on the second notch gear 28 and an arc chute on the first notch gear 27 and the meshing action of the second notch gear 28 and the first notch gear 27;

step four, a second motor 18 is started, a motor shaft of the second motor 18 drives a second sprocket to synchronously rotate, the second sprocket drives a pair of fixed sprockets and a pair of fixed shafts 14 on the corresponding side to synchronously rotate through a triangular chain belt 19, and a pair of fixed sprockets on the other side drives a pair of first sprockets and a pair of rotary tillage shafts 12 to synchronously rotate through a linkage chain belt 15;

step five, when the tractor drives the U-shaped truss 1 to carry out soil preparation operation, a pair of rotary tillage shafts 12 drive a plurality of rotary tillage plows 13 to carry out rotary tillage operation on farmlands, a pair of crushing shafts 25 and a plurality of crushing reamer 26 are used for crushing large-particle soil blocks, crushing shafts 23 and crushing reamer 24 are used for crushing the soil blocks in the intervals of the crushing reamer 26, and then a leveling roller 33 is used for leveling operation on the farmland subjected to rotary tillage and crushing.

The utility model solves the problem of poor rotary tillage and soil breaking effect of the seed bed, has compact overall structural design, adopts the mode of double rotary tillage, repeated crushing and soil covering and combined operation, meets the technical requirement of protective tillage, and has the advantages of high efficiency and low consumption.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present utility model, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present utility model and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rape allies oneself with direct seeding machine seed bed servicing device, includes U type truss (1), its characterized in that: two pairs of first swing arms (11) which are distributed in a V shape and are movably hinged are arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall in the U-shaped truss (1), a pair of rotary tillage shafts (12) which are transversely arranged in parallel are arranged on the front side and the rear side below the U-shaped truss (1), two end parts of each rotary tillage shaft (12) are rotatably and penetratingly arranged at the bottom end parts of the corresponding first swing arms (11), and a plurality of rotary tillage plows (13) which are distributed at equal intervals are sleeved on each rotary tillage shaft (12);

the left side and the right side of the lower part of the U-shaped truss (1) are provided with symmetrically distributed U-shaped brackets (2), a pair of crushing shafts (25) which are transversely and parallelly arranged are arranged between opposite surfaces of the pair of U-shaped brackets (2), two end parts of each crushing shaft (25) are rotatably and penetratingly arranged at corners of the corresponding U-shaped brackets (2), and a plurality of crushing reamer (26) which are distributed in a staggered manner are sleeved on each crushing shaft (25);

an L-shaped bracket (22) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner bottom wall of an opening of the U-shaped bracket (2), a crushing shaft (23) which is transversely placed is arranged between opposite surfaces of the pair of L-shaped brackets (22), two end parts of the crushing shaft (23) are rotatably and penetratingly arranged in the middle of the corresponding L-shaped bracket (22), a plurality of crushing reamer (24) which are distributed at equal intervals are sleeved on the crushing shaft (23), and the crushing reamer (24) and the crushing reamer (26) are distributed in a staggered manner;

the U-shaped truss (1) is characterized in that a pair of second swing arms (31) which are placed in parallel behind the back face of the U-shaped truss (1) and are movably hinged are arranged on the two sides of the back face of the U-shaped truss, a pair of roll shafts which are placed transversely are arranged between the bottom end parts of the second swing arms (31), a flattening roll cylinder (33) which is fixedly connected concentrically is sleeved on the roll shafts, and a plurality of conical protruding blocks which are uniformly distributed are fixedly arranged on the outer ring face of the flattening roll cylinder (33).

2. The seed bed preparation device of the rape combined direct seeding machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: first sleeves penetrating through in rotation are inserted into corners of the left side wall and the right side wall in the U-shaped truss (1), the top end part of each first swing arm (11) is fixedly connected with the inner end part of the corresponding first sleeve in a penetrating manner, two pairs of linkage shafts (17) penetrating through in rotation are arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall in the U-shaped truss (1), linkage gears fixedly connected in a concentric manner are sleeved on the middle part of each linkage shaft (17), driven notch gears are fixedly arranged on the top end parts of each first swing arm (11), and each linkage gear is meshed and connected with the driven notch gear on the corresponding side;

the worm gear of concentric rigid coupling is all overlapped to the tip in every universal driving shaft (17), a pair of first through-hole has been seted up to the left and right sides of roof in U type truss (1), every the inside of first through-hole has all set firmly first motor (16) with the output downwards, every the motor shaft tip of first motor (16) has all set firmly the worm of coaxial hookup, every the worm all extends to between a pair of universal driving shaft (17) that correspond, every the worm all is connected with a pair of worm wheel meshing of corresponding one side.

3. The seed bed preparation device of the rape combined direct seeding machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a pair of fixing shafts (14) which are transversely arranged in parallel are arranged on the front side and the rear side in the U-shaped truss (1), two end parts of each fixing shaft (14) penetrate through corresponding first sleeves in a rotating mode and extend to the outer side of the U-shaped truss (1), fixed chain wheels which are fixedly connected in a concentric mode are sleeved on two end parts of each fixing shaft (14), first chain wheels which are fixedly connected in a concentric mode are sleeved on the left end part of each rotary tillage shaft (12), and each first chain wheel is in meshed transmission connection with the corresponding fixed chain wheel on one side through a linkage chain belt (15);

the U-shaped truss (1) is characterized in that a positioning support is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top surface of the U-shaped truss (1), a second through hole is formed in the middle of the positioning support, a second motor (18) with an outward output end is fixedly arranged in the second through hole, a second sprocket wheel which is fixedly connected with the end part of a motor shaft of the second motor (18) in a concentric mode is sleeved on the end part of the motor shaft, and the second sprocket wheel is in meshed transmission connection with a pair of fixed sprocket wheels on one side of the corresponding triangle chain belt (19).

4. A seed bed preparation device for a rape combined direct seeding machine according to claim 3, wherein: a pair of V-shaped articulated connecting rods (21) which are movably articulated are arranged at the two ends of the top of the U-shaped bracket (2), a first ear seat is fixedly arranged in the middle of the opposite surface of each pair of first swing arms (11), and the outer end part of each articulated connecting rod (21) is movably articulated with the first ear seat at the corresponding side; a pair of buffer springs are fixedly arranged between two sides of the bottom surface of the U-shaped truss (1) and the top ends of a pair of L-shaped brackets (22), a pair of fixed cylinders are fixedly arranged at two ends of each buffer spring, and the fixed cylinders are fixedly connected with the U-shaped truss (1) and the L-shaped brackets (22) respectively.

5. The seed bed preparation device of the rape combined direct seeding machine as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the right end parts of the crushing shafts (25) are respectively sleeved with a fixed gear concentrically fixedly connected, and the fixed gears are in meshed connection; a third motor (29) is fixedly arranged behind the outer side face of the left U-shaped support (2), and the end part of a motor shaft of the third motor (29) is coaxially connected with the left end part of the rear crushing shaft (25).

6. The seed bed preparation device of the rape combined direct seeding machine according to claim 5, wherein: the U-shaped truss is characterized in that a pair of fixing plates (3) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the back face of the U-shaped truss (1), a second sleeve penetrating through in a rotating mode is inserted into the outer end portion of each fixing plate (3), the top end portion of each second swing arm (31) is fixedly connected with the outer end portion of the corresponding second sleeve, a swing shaft penetrating through in a rotating mode is inserted into the bottom end portion of each second swing arm (31), a pair of swing plates (32) which are vertically and symmetrically distributed are fixedly arranged at two end portions of each roll shaft, and the inner end portion of each swing shaft is fixedly connected with the top end portion of the corresponding swing plate (32).

7. The seed bed preparation device of the rape combined direct seeding machine as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the middle part of a pair of second swing arm (31) has all set firmly the second ear seat, a pair of be equipped with the connecting axle that transversely runs through the rigid coupling between the opposite face top of second ear seat, the top surface rear side of U type truss (1) has set firmly a pair of U type ear seat, every seat all be equipped with activity articulated hydraulic telescoping cylinder (34) in the opening of U type ear seat, every hydraulic telescoping cylinder (34) hydraulic telescoping rod tip all with the connecting axle activity articulated.

8. The method for preparing the seed bed preparation device of the rape combined direct seeding machine according to claim 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, a U-shaped truss (1) is connected with a tractor, a pair of first motors (16) are synchronously started, a motor shaft of each first motor (16) drives a worm to synchronously rotate, worm meshing drives a pair of worm gears to relatively rotate, the worm gears drive a linkage shaft (17) and the linkage gears to synchronously rotate, and the linkage gears are meshed to drive a driven notch gear, a first sleeve and a first swing arm (11) to inwards hinge and swing, so that a pair of rotary tillage shafts (12) and rotary tillage plow (13) are adjusted to proper positions;

when the two pairs of first swing arms (11) swing relatively in a hinged manner, the U-shaped bracket (2), the pair of crushing shafts (25) and the crushing reamer (26) are driven to slowly fall to a proper position under the hinging action of the hinged connecting rod (21);

step two, a pair of hydraulic telescopic cylinders (34) are synchronously started, the hydraulic telescopic rods of the hydraulic telescopic cylinders (34) slowly extend, and under the hinging action of the connecting shafts, the pair of second swinging arms (31) and the flattening roller (33) are driven to swing in a hinging mode to the rear lower side, so that the flattening roller (33) falls to a proper position;

a pair of fourth motors (35) are synchronously started, a motor shaft of each fourth motor (35) drives a driving gear to synchronously rotate, the driving gear is meshed with a driven gear, a limiting shaft and a third sprocket to rotate, and the third sprocket drives the fourth sprocket, a swinging shaft, a swinging plate (32), a roll shaft and a flattening roller (33) to rotate through a limiting chain belt (36), so that the swinging plate (32) and the flattening roller (33) form a proper inclination angle;

starting a third motor (29), wherein a motor shaft of the third motor (29) drives a crushing shaft (25) positioned at the rear to rotate, and driving the crushing shaft (25) at the front and a second notch gear (28) to reversely rotate due to the meshing action of a pair of fixed gears, wherein a fan-shaped plate on the second notch gear (28) and an arc-shaped chute on a first notch gear (27) form a limiting action, and the second notch gear (28) and the first notch gear (27) are meshed to drive the crushing shaft 23 to intermittently rotate;

step four, starting a second motor (18), wherein a motor shaft of the second motor (18) drives a second sprocket to synchronously rotate, the second sprocket drives a pair of fixed sprockets and a pair of fixed shafts (14) on one side correspondingly through a triangular chain belt (19) to synchronously rotate, and a pair of fixed sprockets on the other side drives a pair of first sprockets and a pair of rotary tillage shafts (12) to synchronously rotate through a linkage chain belt (15);

step five, when the tractor drives the U-shaped truss (1) to carry out soil preparation operation, a plurality of rotary tillage plows (13) are driven by a pair of rotary tillage shafts (12) to carry out rotary tillage operation on farmlands, large-particle soil blocks are crushed by a pair of crushing shafts (25) and a plurality of crushing reamer (26), the soil blocks in the intervals of the crushing reamer (26) are crushed by the crushing shafts (23) and the crushing reamer (24), and then the leveling operation is carried out on the farmlands after rotary tillage crushing by the leveling roller (33).