CN116317445A - Based on supercritical CO 2 Combined power generation system and method of transported LMMHD and Brayton cycle - Google Patents
Based on supercritical CO 2 Combined power generation system and method of transported LMMHD and Brayton cycle Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 214
- 239000011553 magnetic fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 141
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/085—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators with conducting liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/32—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines using steam of critical or overcritical pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/12—Constructional details of fluid channels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a supercritical CO-based catalyst 2 System and method for combined power generation of transported LMMHD and Brayton cycle, and liquid metal working medium in liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation cycle depends on supercritical CO 2 Supercritical CO in Brayton cycle 2 The transportation and the consignment of working media realize high-speed flow, thereby improving the generating efficiency of the liquid metal magnetic fluid. Supercritical CO 2 Supercritical CO in Brayton cycle 2 The working medium is directly contacted with a high-temperature liquid metal working medium in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation cycle, and supercritical CO is further carried out after the heat of the liquid metal is absorbed 2 Partial cooling brayton cycle for power generation and system enhancementThe efficiency of energy utilization. In addition, the invention can start the corresponding magnetohydrodynamic power generation mode according to the initial flow rate of the liquid metal by reasonable system arrangement and adjustment of the corresponding valves, and can be rapidly switched into the traditional space nuclear power working mode to generate power when the magnetohydrodynamic power generation fails, thereby improving the risk resistance of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy recycling, in particular to a supercritical CO-based energy recycling system 2 A transported liquid metal magnetic fluid (LMMHD) and Brayton cycle cogeneration system and method of operation.
Background
Compared with a common power system, the space nuclear power system has the advantages of high energy density, wide power range, good maneuverability, compact system, strong environmental adaptability and the like, can stably operate in a severe space environment, and is an ideal power supply for executing high-power aerospace tasks such as deep space exploration, space station construction and the like. The liquid metal magnetic fluid nuclear power system directly realizes the conversion of the kinetic energy of working medium and the output electric energy by taking the magnetic field as a medium, has the advantages of high power generation efficiency, no moving parts and closed circulation of working medium, is particularly suitable for the aerospace field, and meanwhile, compared with high-temperature plasma magnetic fluid power generation, the liquid metal magnetic fluid power generation has low requirements on the temperature of a heat source and has wider application range.
In the magnetohydrodynamic power generation principle, the current density J is positively correlated with the speed u, the viscosity of the liquid metal is larger, and the single-phase liquid metal is difficult to achieve higher flow rate, so that a two-phase flow mode of boosting by other fluid working media is usually needed in a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation system to realize high-speed flow of the liquid metal, and the boosting working media which are commonly used at present are liquid low-boiling point and conventional gas working media, wherein the transportation efficiency is not ideal due to the fact that the liquid metal is relatively different from the conventional gas density; the transportation of the liquid low-boiling-point working medium can generate phase change to absorb a large amount of heat, and the temperature of the liquid metal can be reduced in the practical application process, so that the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is reduced. When both temperature and pressure are above the critical point, the material will be in a supercritical state. The density of the supercritical fluid is very close to that of the liquid, the viscosity is only slightly higher than that of the gas, compared with the liquid, the diffusion coefficient of the supercritical fluid is about 100 times that of the liquid, and meanwhile, the surface tension of the fluid is about zero, so that the supercritical fluid has good dissolving capacity. Supercritical fluids have great potential in liquid metal transport due to their high density and strong diffusion properties.
The invention uses supercritical CO based on the magnetic fluid nuclear power system 2 Substitute low boiling point working medium to realize liquid metal magnetic fluid transport and power generation, because of supercritical CO 2 Directly contacts with high-temperature magnetic fluid for heat exchange, and has higher thermodynamic property of CO after transportation 2 The Brayton cycle can be continuously carried out to generate power, the heat quantity absorbed by phase change generated by pushing by using a low-boiling-point working medium is reduced, the energy generated by the nuclear energy of the system can be fully utilized, and the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved. Secondly, by reasonable arrangement, the invention can operate in three working modes, and provides the risk resistance of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method based on supercritical CO 2 A transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation system and an operation method. Skillfully generating electricity by using liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic and transporting supercritical liquid state metal and supercritical CO 2 The Brayton cycle power generation system and the method organically combine the Brayton cycle power generation system and the method, increase the energy utilization rate, improve the power generation efficiency of the whole system, and improve the risk resistance of the nuclear power system to a certain extent.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device comprises a shell (tungsten copper alloy with nuclear shielding function can be adopted), wherein a supercritical fluid channel and a liquid metal channel are concentrically arranged in the shell, and the supercritical fluid channel wraps the liquid metal channel; the liquid metal channel is provided with a plurality of magnetohydrodynamic power generation sections parallel to the flow direction, and the flow section of the liquid metal is equal to the section of the magnetohydrodynamic power generation sections in size and parallel. The size of the whole device can be adjusted according to the corresponding magnetic fluid generating capacity and system matching.
The supercritical fluid delivery multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device comprises a supercritical fluid delivery section and a magnetohydrodynamic power generation section which are arranged at intervals. In the supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device, supercritical fluid wraps liquid metal and flows into the device in a concentric parallel mode, and a plurality of magnetohydrodynamic power generation sections parallel to the flowing direction are arranged in the device. When the whole system is in space condition and moves at uniform speed, the high-speed supercritical fluid drags the liquid metal to flow in parallel in the supercritical delivery section, so that friction between the flow of the pure liquid metal and a pipeline is reduced, and the flow speed of the liquid metal at the contact surface is improved. The above process is repeated in the device until the liquid metal flow rate drops to a specific value and then flows out.
The invention also provides a liquid metal magnetofluid power generation system which comprises a liquid metal magnetofluid circulation loop and a supercritical fluid circulation loop, and is characterized by further comprising the supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetofluid power generation device (5), wherein a liquid metal channel is arranged in the liquid metal magnetofluid circulation loop, and a supercritical fluid channel is arranged in the supercritical fluid circulation loop.
Further, the device also comprises a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6), a two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic generating device (7) and a gas-liquid separator (8); the supercritical fluid channel outlet and the liquid metal channel outlet of the supercritical fluid delivery multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5) are respectively communicated with a supercritical fluid inlet and a liquid metal inlet of the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6), the outlet of the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6) is communicated with the inlet of the two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (7), and the outlet of the two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (7) is communicated with the inlet of the ventilation liquid separator (8); the liquid metal outlet of the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the liquid metal magnetic fluid circulation loop, and the supercritical fluid outlet of the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the supercritical fluid circulation loop.
The invention also provides a supercritical CO-based device 2 The transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation system is characterized by comprising liquid metal magnetic fluid circulation and supercritical CO 2 Two circulation loops of Brayton power generation; liquid metal magnetic flowLiquid metal working medium in body power generation circulation loop depends on supercritical CO 2 Supercritical CO in a Brayton cycle loop 2 The transportation of working medium (realized by a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6)) and the delivery (realized by a supercritical fluid delivery multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5)) are used for realizing the flow; supercritical CO 2 Supercritical CO in a Brayton cycle loop 2 The working medium is in direct contact with the liquid metal working medium in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation circulation loop, and the liquid metal heat is absorbed and then is further subjected to partial cooling Brayton cycle for power generation.
Further, the device in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation circulation loop comprises a nuclear reaction device (1), a pressure buffer device (2), a heat exchanger (3), an electromagnetic pump (4), a supercritical fluid delivery multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5), a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6), a two-phase magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (7) and a gas-liquid separator (8); the valve in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation circulation loop comprises an isolation valve 1 (k 1), an isolation valve 2 (k 2), an isolation valve 3 (k 3), an isolation valve 4 (k 4), an isolation valve 5 (k 5) and an isolation valve 10 (k 10), and all devices and the valve are connected through pipelines with radiation shielding function.
Further, supercritical CO 2 The device in the Brayton cycle power generation cycle comprises a heat exchanger (3), a supercritical fluid delivery multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5), a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6), a two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (7), a gas-liquid separator (8), a main turbine (9), a generator (10), a high-temperature regenerator (11), a low-temperature regenerator (12), a pre-cooler (13), a pre-compressor (14), a cooler (15), a main compressor (16), a recompressor (17) and an auxiliary turbine (18); the supercritical CO 2 The valves in the brayton cycle power generation cycle comprise an isolation valve 6 (k 6), an isolation valve 7 (k 7), an isolation valve 8 (k 8), an isolation valve 9 (k 9), a three-way valve 11 (k 11), a three-way valve 12 (k 12) and a three-way valve 13 (k 13), and all the devices and the valves are connected through pipelines with radiation shielding functions.
By reasonable system arrangement and adjustment of corresponding valves, 1) supercritical CO can be realized 2 Transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation2) generating power by a traditional nuclear power system, and generating power by two different working modes. When the combined power generation system fails, the working mode can be changed rapidly through the adjusting valve, the traditional nuclear power generation mode is started to generate power in an emergency mode, and the risk resistance of the whole system is improved.
Supercritical CO 2 The working method of the transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation mode is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: closing the isolation valve 1 (k 1), the isolation valve 2 (k 2), the isolation valve 4 (k 4), the isolation valve 8 (k 8); isolation valve 3 (k 3), isolation valve 5 (k 5), isolation valve 6 (k 6), isolation valve 7 (k 7), isolation valve 9 (k 9), isolation valve (k 10), three-way valve 11 (k 11), three-way valve 12 (k 12), three-way valve 13 (k 13) are opened.
Step two: the temperature of heat generated by nuclear reaction in the liquid metal absorbing nuclear reaction device (1) is increased, high-temperature liquid metal enters the pressure buffer device (2) through the branch a to keep stable flow, then sequentially flows through the branch b, the isolation valve 3 (k 3), the branch g, the isolation valve 5 (k 5) and the branch h to enter the supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5), and the high-temperature liquid metal is transported in high-speed supercritical CO 2 Is dragged by the pressure sensor to perform multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation and heat exchange, and the liquid metal enters a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6) through a branch i and a branch j after the speed and the temperature of the liquid metal are reduced, and the supercritical fluid is used for carrying high-speed supercritical CO from a multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5) 2 Mixing, further pushing the liquid metal to move at high speed from the branch k to enter the two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic generating device (7) for generating electricity, and enabling the two-phase mixed fluid after the electricity generation in the two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic generating device (7) to enter the gas-liquid separator (8) through the branch l to enable the liquid metal and the supercritical CO to be generated 2 Separating, the liquid metal flows through the branch m and the isolation valve 10 (k 9) to enter the heat exchanger (3) and supercritical CO 2 After heat exchange is carried out and excessive heat is released, pumping is carried out through a branch e and an electromagnetic pump (4), and the liquid metal magnetic fluid transported by supercritical CO2 flows back to the nuclear reaction device (1) from the branch f to complete the liquid metal loop circulation of the combined power generation mode of the Brayton cycle.
Step three: high-speed supercritical CO 2 From branch A,The liquid metal enters a supercritical fluid delivery multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5) through an isolation valve 6 (k 6), a branch B and an isolation valve 7 (k 7) and a branch C to deliver the liquid metal to generate power and absorb part of heat, and then enters a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6) through a branch D and an isolation valve 9 (k 9) to be mixed with low-speed liquid metal so as to push the liquid metal to enter the two-phase magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (7) from the branch k to generate power, wherein supercritical CO is generated in the mixing and power generation processes 2 The temperature of the heat is continuously absorbed and increased, the supercritical CO with higher thermodynamic energy enters the gas-liquid separator (8) for separation through the branch I 2 The working fluid flows into the main turbine (9) from the branch F to do work to drive the generator (10) to generate power, and the supercritical CO with reduced temperature and pressure after the working is completed 2 The waste heat is released by the high-temperature heat regenerator (11) and the low-temperature heat regenerator (12) sequentially through the branch G, the waste heat is reduced by the branch I, the temperature is reduced by the pre-cooler (13), the waste heat is pre-compressed by the pre-compressor (14) through the branch J, and most of CO is discharged through the branch R three-way valve 11 (k 11) after the pre-compression is completed 2 Cooling in a main cooler (15) from a branch L, compressing in a main compressor via a branch M, increasing pressure, absorbing low-temperature waste heat in a low-temperature heat regenerator (12) via a branch N, and passing through another part of supercritical CO of a three-way valve 11 (k 11) from a branch R 2 Directly enter a recompression machine (17) through a branch P for recompression, and enter a heat exchanger (3) from a branch S through a branch Q through a three-way valve (k 12) to provide cooling for liquid metal, and enter a supercritical CO (carbon dioxide) which absorbs low-temperature waste heat through a branch R and a three-way valve 13 (k 13) and a low-temperature heat regenerator (12) through a branch Q 2 Merging, leading the mixed liquid to enter a high-temperature heat regenerator (11) from a branch U to absorb high-temperature waste heat, and then leading the mixed liquid to enter a supercritical fluid consignment multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic generating device (5) through a branch A, an isolation valve 6 (k 6) and an isolation valve 7 (k 7) again, and enabling the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6) to consign and transport liquid metal to finish supercritical CO 2 Supercritical CO in a transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle cogeneration mode 2 A partially cooled brayton loop cycle.
Step four: a portion of supercritical CO flowing from branch Q through three-way valve 12 (k 12) 2 From branch S into heat exchanger (3), cooling the reactor to be introduced into nuclear reactor (1)Liquid metal and absorbing waste heat in the liquid metal after magnetohydrodynamic power generation, supercritical CO 2 After heating, the waste heat enters an auxiliary turbine (18) through a branch V to do work to drive a generator (10) to generate power, and after doing work, the waste heat is released from a high-temperature heat regenerator (11) through a branch G and supercritical CO 2 The air flows are converged and enter a low-temperature heat regenerator (12) together to release low-temperature waste heat, so that the recovery of the liquid metal heat is completed.
Step five: when the flow rate of the liquid metal flowing out of the nuclear reaction device (1) is too low to enter the supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5) to realize consignment power generation, the supercritical CO is regulated 2 The working method of the transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation mode comprises the following steps: closing isolation valve 1 (k 1), isolation valve 2 (k 2), isolation valve 4 (k 4), closing isolation valve 5 (k 5), isolation valve 6 (k 6), isolation valve 7 (k 7), isolation valve 8 (k 8), isolation valve 9 (k 9); the isolation valve 3 (k 3), the isolation valve (k 10), the three-way valve 11 (k 11), the three-way valve 12 (k 12), and the three-way valve 13 (k 13) are opened. So that the liquid metal from branch g passes through the isolation valve 4 (k 4) and the supercritical CO from branch a 2 Directly enters the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6) through an isolation valve 8 (k 8). The above steps are performed simultaneously while the system is running.
The working method of the traditional nuclear power system power generation mode is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: closing the isolation valve 3 (k 3) and the isolation valve 10 (k 10), closing the P branch by the three-way valve 11, closing the Q branch by the three-way valve 12 (k 12), and closing the U branch by the three-way valve; the isolation 1 and isolation valve 2 are opened.
Step two: the liquid metal absorbs heat released by nuclear reaction from the nuclear reactor (1), after being buffered in the pressure buffer device (2) after passing through the branch a, the heat is transferred to the supercritical CO at low temperature after entering the heat exchanger (3) after passing through the branch b, the isolation valve 1 (k 1), the branch c, the isolation valve 2 (k 2) and the branch d in sequence 2 After the temperature of the liquid metal is reduced, the liquid metal enters an electromagnetic pump (4) through a branch e to pump the liquid metal and flows back to the nuclear reaction device (1) from a branch f, so that the liquid metal loop circulation in the traditional nuclear power system power generation mode is completed.
Step three: supercritical CO 2 From branch S into heat exchanger(3) Absorbing the heat of liquid metal, leading the liquid metal after the temperature rise to enter an auxiliary turbine (18) to apply work to drive a generator (10) to generate power, leading the work to enter a low-temperature heat regenerator (12) to release waste heat after the work is completed, leading the liquid metal to enter a precooler (13) to be precooled, leading the liquid metal to enter a precompressor (14) to be precompressed after the precooling, leading the liquid metal to enter a cooler (15) to be cooled after the precooling to enter a three-way valve 11 (k 11) and a three-way valve L through a branch R, leading the liquid metal to enter a main compressor (16) to be compressed, leading the liquid metal to enter the low-temperature heat regenerator (12) to absorb heat from the branch N after the compression, and then leading the liquid metal to enter supercritical CO to be precompressor to be cooled 2 The supercritical CO of the traditional nuclear power system power generation mode is completed by sequentially flowing back to the heat exchanger (3) through the branch O, the three-way valve 13 (k 13), the branch R, the three-way valve 12 (k 12) and the branch S 2 Brayton cycle. The above steps are performed simultaneously while the system is running.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the invention skillfully generates the electricity by using the liquid metal magnetofluid and conveys the supercritical liquid state metal and supercritical CO 2 The Brayton cycle power generation system has the advantages that the Brayton cycle power generation system is organically combined, the power generation efficiency of liquid metal magnetic fluid is effectively improved, the heat absorbed by phase change generated by pushing by using low-boiling-point working media is reduced, the energy generated by nuclear energy of the system can be fully utilized, and the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved.
2. Compared with the traditional nuclear power system, the invention adds the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation without mechanical conversion links, can directly convert the heat energy of the liquid metal into electric energy for output, and has high conversion efficiency. Meanwhile, a supercritical transportation magnetohydrodynamic power generation mode of multi-stage power generation and multi-mode parallel is adopted, when the speed of the magnetohydrodynamic is higher, supercritical carbon dioxide consignment is adopted to carry out multi-stage single-phase magnetohydrodynamic power generation, and the speed is reduced and then the mixed gas enters supercritical CO 2 A two-phase hybrid conveyor for performing two-phase magnetohydrodynamic power generation; when the magnetic fluid speed is low, supercritical carbon dioxide two-phase flow mixed transportation is directly adopted for power generation.
3. In utilizing supercritical CO 2 In the process of carrying out liquid metal delivery and transportation, supercritical CO 2 Direct contact heat exchange with high-temperature liquid metal is sufficient, and supercritical CO 2 The temperature is increased, has higherAnd thus can utilize supercritical CO 2 The brayton cycle further generates electricity, wherein supercritical CO 2 The brayton cycle adopts a partial cooling brayton cycle (PC) mode, so that the highest power generation capacity and better applicability of the heat storage system can be obtained.
4. The invention can realize two different working modes of power generation through reasonable system arrangement and related valve arrangement, namely 1) a traditional nuclear power system power generation system; 2) Supercritical CO 2 And the transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and the Brayton cycle combined power generation system. Therefore, when the combined power generation system fails, the invention can quickly change the working mode by adjusting the valve, start the traditional nuclear power generation mode to generate power emergently, and improve the risk resistance of the whole system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a supercritical CO-based system according to the present invention 2 A structural schematic diagram of the transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation system;
wherein, main device includes: 1-a nuclear reaction device; 2-a pressure buffer device; 3-heat exchanger; 4-an electromagnetic pump; 5-supercritical fluid consignment of a multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device; a 6-supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer; 7-a two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic power generation device; 8-a gas-liquid separator; 9-a main turbine; a 10-generator; 11-a high temperature regenerator; 12-a low temperature regenerator; 13-a pre-cooler; 14-a precompressor; 15-a cooler; 16-a main compressor; 17-a recompressor; 18-auxiliary turbine. The main valve comprises: k1—isolation valve 1; k 2-isolation valve 2; k 3-isolation valve 3; k 4-isolation valve 4; k 5-isolation valve 5; k 6-isolation valve 6; k 7-isolation valve 7; k 8-isolation valve 8; k 9-isolation valve 9; k10—isolation valve 10; k11—three-way valve 11; k12—three-way valve 12; k 13-three-way valve 13.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a supercritical fluid delivery section and a magnetohydrodynamic power generation section of a supercritical fluid delivery multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to the present invention:
wherein, the supercritical fluid delivery section corresponds to the section alpha-alpha and the magnetohydrodynamic power generation section beta-beta. The flow channel shell 5 (1), the built-in magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5 (2), the permanent magnet 5 (3) and the strut of the built-in magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5 (4) are used for connecting the flow channel shell 5 (1) and the built-in magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5 (2).
FIG. 3 is a graph of the present invention in supercritical CO 2 Supercritical CO in transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation mode 2 T-S (temperature-entropy change) diagram of (c):
wherein the letters marked in the figure correspond to the letters in FIG. 1 one by one and represent the supercritical CO in the branch 2 And the temperature and entropy of (c).
Fig. 4 is a graph of simulation data of a supercritical fluid delivery section of the supercritical fluid delivery multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5 under a spatial condition (no gravity), where (a) is a model of the supercritical fluid delivery section and (b) is simulation data.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Supercritical CO-based 2 The transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation system (shown in figure 1) comprises a liquid metal magnetic fluid power generation cycle and supercritical CO 2 The brayton cycle power generation cycle loop. The main devices in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation circulation loop comprise a nuclear reaction device 1, a pressure buffer device 2, a heat exchanger 3, an electromagnetic pump 4, a supercritical fluid delivery multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5, a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer 6, a two-phase magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 7 and a gas-liquid separator 8; the main valves in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation circulation loop comprise an isolation valve k1, an isolation valve k2, an isolation valve k3, an isolation valve k4, an isolation valve k5 and an isolation valve k10, and all devices and the valves are connected by adopting pipelines with radiation shielding functions. Supercritical CO 2 The main devices in the brayton cycle power generation cycle loop comprise a heat exchanger 3, a supercritical fluid delivery multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5, a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer 6, a two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 7, a gas-liquid separator 8, a main turbine 9, a generator 10, a high temperature regenerator 11, a low temperature regenerator 12, a pre-cooler 13, a pre-compressor 14, a cooler 15, a main compressor 16, a recompression 17 and an auxiliary turbine 18; the supercritical CO 2 Brayton cycle power generation cycleThe main valves of the device comprise an isolation valve k6, an isolation valve k7, an isolation valve k8, an isolation valve k9, a three-way valve k11, a three-way valve k12 and a three-way valve k13, and all devices are connected with the valves through pipelines with radiation shielding functions.
Supercritical CO 2 The working method of the transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation mode (shown in figure 1) comprises the following steps:
step one: closing the isolation valve k1, the isolation valve k2, the isolation valve k4 and the isolation valve k8; the isolation valves k3, k5, k6, k7, k9, k10, k11, k12, k13 are opened.
Step two: the temperature of heat generated by nuclear reaction in the liquid metal absorbing nuclear reaction device 1 is increased, high-temperature liquid metal enters the pressure buffer device 2 through the branch a to keep stable flow, and then sequentially flows through the branch b, the isolation valve k3, the branch g, the isolation valve k5 and the branch h to enter the supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5, and the high-temperature liquid metal is transported in high-speed supercritical CO 2 Under the dragging of the pressure sensor, the multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation is carried out, and the heat exchange is carried out, after the speed and the temperature of the liquid metal are reduced, the liquid metal enters the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer 6 through the branch i and the branch j, and the supercritical fluid is used for carrying high-speed supercritical CO from the multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5 2 Mixing, further pushing the liquid metal to move at high speed from the branch k to enter the two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic generating device 7 for generating electricity, and enabling the two-phase mixed fluid after the electricity generation in the two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic generating device 7 to enter the gas-liquid separator 8 through the branch l to enable the liquid metal and the supercritical CO to be generated 2 Separating, the liquid metal flows through the branch m and the isolation valve k10 to enter the heat exchanger 3 and supercritical CO 2 After heat exchange is carried out to release excessive heat, pumping is carried out through a branch e and an electromagnetic pump 4, and the supercritical CO flows back to the nuclear reaction device 1 from the branch f to finish 2 The transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and the Brayton cycle are combined to form a liquid metal loop cycle in a power generation mode.
Step three: high-speed supercritical CO 2 The supercritical fluid enters the supercritical fluid delivery multistage magnetohydrodynamic generating device 5 from the branch A, through the isolation valve k6, the branch B and the isolation valve k7, and the branch C to deliver the liquid metal to generate electricityAbsorbing part of heat, then entering a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer 6 through a branch D and an isolation valve k9 to be mixed with low-speed liquid metal, pushing the liquid metal to enter a two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic generating device 7 from the branch k to generate power, and continuously absorbing supercritical CO2 in the mixing and generating process to increase the heat temperature, thereby having higher thermodynamic energy, and entering a gas-liquid separator 8 through a branch l to be separated, wherein the supercritical CO with higher thermodynamic energy 2 The supercritical CO flowing into the main turbine 9 from the branch F to drive the generator 10 to generate electricity, and reducing the temperature and pressure after the work is completed 2 The waste heat is released by sequentially entering the high-temperature heat regenerator 11 through the branch G and the low-temperature heat regenerator 12 through the branch H, then enters the pre-cooler 13 from the branch I to reduce the temperature, enters the pre-compressor 14 through the branch J to be pre-compressed, and finally enters the three-way valve k11 of the branch R to be most of CO after the pre-compression is finished 2 The waste heat enters the low-temperature heat regenerator 12 from the branch L to absorb the low-temperature waste heat, and passes through the other part of the supercritical CO of the three-way valve k11 from the branch R at the same time 2 Directly enters a recompression device 17 through a branch P for recompression, and enters a heat exchanger 3 from a branch S through a three-way valve k12 through a branch Q to cool liquid metal, and the other part of the liquid metal is in supercritical CO with the low-temperature heat regenerator 12 through a branch R and a three-way valve k13 to absorb low-temperature waste heat 2 Merging, leading the mixed liquid to enter a high-temperature heat regenerator 11 from a branch U to absorb high-temperature waste heat, and then leading the mixed liquid to enter a supercritical fluid consignment multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic generating device 5 and a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer 6 again through a branch A, an isolation valve k6 and an isolation valve k7 to consign and transport liquid metal to finish supercritical CO 2 Supercritical CO in a transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle cogeneration mode 2 A partially cooled brayton loop cycle.
Step four: a portion of the supercritical CO flowing from branch Q through three-way valve k12 2 The liquid metal which is about to enter the nuclear reaction device 1 is cooled from the branch S and enters the heat exchanger 3, and the residual heat in the liquid metal after magnetohydrodynamic power generation is absorbed, so that supercritical CO is obtained 2 After heating, the mixture enters an auxiliary turbine 18 through a branch V to do work to drive a generator 10 to generate electricity, and after doing work, the mixture passes through a branch G and a slave high-temperature regenerator 11Supercritical CO for releasing waste heat 2 The air flows are converged and enter the low-temperature heat regenerator 12 together to release low-temperature waste heat, so that the recovery of the liquid metal heat is completed.
Step five: when the flow rate of the liquid metal flowing out of the nuclear reaction device 1 is too low to enter the supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5 to realize consignment power generation, the supercritical CO is regulated 2 The working method of the transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation mode comprises the following steps: closing the isolation valve k1, the isolation valve k2, the isolation valve k4, the isolation valve k5, the isolation valve k6, the isolation valve k7, the isolation valve k8 and the isolation valve k9; the isolation valve k3, the isolation valve k10, the three-way valve k 11), the three-way valve k12, the three-way valve k13 are opened. So that the liquid metal from branch g passes through isolation valve k4 and the supercritical CO from branch A 2 Directly into the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer 6 through the isolation valve k 8. The above steps are performed simultaneously while the system is running. Supercritical CO 2 The temperature and entropy of the flow through each leg are shown in figure 3.
The working method of the emergency traditional nuclear power system power generation mode (shown in figure 1) comprises the following steps:
step one: closing the isolation valve k3 and the isolation valve k10, closing the P branch by the three-way valve 11, closing the Q branch by the three-way valve k12, and closing the U branch by the three-way valve; the isolation 1 and isolation valve 2 are opened.
Step two: the liquid metal absorbs heat released by nuclear reaction from the nuclear reactor 1, after being buffered in the pressure buffer device 2 after passing through the branch a, the heat is transferred to the low-temperature supercritical CO after entering the heat exchanger 3 after passing through the branch b, the isolation valve k1, the branch c, the isolation valve k2 and the branch d in sequence 2 After the temperature of the liquid metal is reduced, the liquid metal enters the electromagnetic pump 4 through the branch e to pump the liquid metal to flow back to the nuclear reaction device 1 from the branch f, and the liquid metal loop circulation in the conventional nuclear power system power generation mode is completed.
Step three: supercritical CO 2 The heat of the liquid metal is absorbed from the branch S to the heat exchanger 3, and after the temperature is increased, the liquid metal enters the auxiliary turbine 18 through the branch V to do work to drive the generator 10 to generate electricity, and after the work is finished, the liquid metal enters the low-temperature heat regenerator 12 through the branch W to release waste heat, the liquid metal enters the pre-cooler 13 through the branch I to be pre-cooledPre-cooling, pre-compressing in pre-compressor 14 via branch J, cooling in cooler 15 via branch R, three-way valve k11 and branch L, compressing in main compressor 16 via branch M, absorbing and regenerating heat in low-temperature regenerator 12 via branch N, and supercritical CO 2 The supercritical CO of the traditional nuclear power system power generation mode is completed by sequentially flowing back to the heat exchanger 3 through the branch O, the three-way valve k13, the branch R, the three-way valve k12 and the branch S 2 Brayton cycle.
The above steps are performed simultaneously while the system is running.
The supercritical fluid shipping multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5 (as shown in the cross-sectional views of fig. 1 and 2) operates as follows:
the supercritical fluid wraps the liquid metal and flows into the device in a concentric parallel mode, and a plurality of magnetohydrodynamic power generation sections (shown as a section beta-beta in figure 2) parallel to the flow direction are arranged in the device. When the whole system is in space condition and moves at uniform speed, in the supercritical fluid delivery section (as shown in the section alpha-alpha of figure 2), high-speed supercritical fluid drags liquid metal to flow in parallel, friction between pure liquid metal flow and a pipeline is reduced, and the flow speed of liquid metal at a contact surface is increased. The above process is repeated in the device until the liquid metal flow rate drops to a specific value and then flows out. The specific value is the flow rate when the liquid metal can only maintain flow and cannot further generate electricity, and the value is different according to the pipe diameter and the flow rate and depends on specific working conditions. The liquid metal then reenters the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer 6, causing the supercritical fluid to mix (fully blend) with the liquid metal, again increasing the flow rate of the liquid metal magnetic fluid.
Simulation data of the supercritical fluid delivery section of the supercritical fluid delivery multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device 5 under spatial conditions (no gravity) are shown in fig. 4.
From the simulation data, it can be seen that under spatial conditions, when liquid metal and supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO 2 ) In supercritical fluidWhen the bulk delivery sections flow in parallel in the manner shown in fig. 4 (a), the two will not mix during the flow process, S-CO 2 Can effectively carry liquid metal.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device is characterized by comprising a shell, wherein a supercritical fluid channel and a liquid metal channel are concentrically arranged in the shell, and the supercritical fluid channel wraps the liquid metal channel; the liquid metal channel is provided with a plurality of magnetohydrodynamic power generation sections parallel to the flow direction, and the flow section of the liquid metal is equal to the section of the magnetohydrodynamic power generation sections in size and parallel.
2. A liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation system comprising a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic circulation loop and a supercritical fluid circulation loop, characterized in that it further comprises a supercritical fluid shipping multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5) according to claim 1, wherein a liquid metal channel is provided in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic circulation loop and a supercritical fluid channel is provided in the supercritical fluid circulation loop.
3. A liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation system according to claim 2 further comprising a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6), a two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (7), a gas-liquid separator (8); the supercritical fluid channel outlet and the liquid metal channel outlet of the supercritical fluid delivery multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5) are respectively communicated with a supercritical fluid inlet and a liquid metal inlet of the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6), the outlet of the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6) is communicated with the inlet of the two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (7), and the outlet of the two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (7) is communicated with the inlet of the ventilation liquid separator (8); the liquid metal outlet of the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the liquid metal magnetic fluid circulation loop, and the supercritical fluid outlet of the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the supercritical fluid circulation loop.
4. Supercritical CO-based 2 The transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle combined power generation system is characterized by comprising liquid metal magnetic fluid circulation and supercritical CO 2 Two circulation loops of Brayton power generation; liquid metal working medium in liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation circulation loop depends on supercritical CO 2 Supercritical CO in a Brayton cycle loop 2 The transportation and the consignment of working media realize the flow; supercritical CO 2 Supercritical CO in a Brayton cycle loop 2 The working medium is in direct contact with the liquid metal working medium in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation circulation loop, and the liquid metal heat is absorbed and then is further subjected to partial cooling Brayton cycle for power generation.
5. The combined power generation system according to claim 4, wherein the devices in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation circulation loop comprise a nuclear reaction device (1), a pressure buffer device (2), a heat exchanger (3), an electromagnetic pump (4), a supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5), a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6), a two-phase magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (7) and a gas-liquid separator (8); the valve in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation circulation loop comprises an isolation valve 1 (k 1), an isolation valve 2 (k 2), an isolation valve 3 (k 3), an isolation valve 4 (k 4), an isolation valve 5 (k 5) and an isolation valve 10 (k 10), and all devices and the valve are connected through pipelines with radiation shielding function.
6. The cogeneration system of claim 5, wherein supercritical CO 2 The device in the Brayton cycle power generation cycle comprises a heat exchanger (3), a supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5), a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6), a two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (7), a gas-liquid separator (8), a main turbine (9), a generator (10), a high temperature regenerator (11) and a high temperatureA regenerator (12), a pre-cooler (13), a pre-compressor (14), a cooler (15), a main compressor (16), a recompressor (17), an auxiliary turbine (18); the supercritical CO 2 The valves in the brayton cycle power generation cycle comprise an isolation valve 6 (k 6), an isolation valve 7 (k 7), an isolation valve 8 (k 8), an isolation valve 9 (k 9), a three-way valve 11 (k 11), a three-way valve 12 (k 12) and a three-way valve 13 (k 13), and all the devices and the valves are connected through pipelines with radiation shielding functions.
7. A method of generating electricity based on a cogeneration system of claim 6, comprising the simultaneous steps of:
step one: closing the isolation valve 1 (k 1), the isolation valve 2 (k 2), the isolation valve 4 (k 4), the isolation valve 8 (k 8); opening the isolation valve 3 (k 3), the isolation valve 5 (k 5), the isolation valve 6 (k 6), the isolation valve 7 (k 7), the isolation valve 9 (k 9), the isolation valve (k 10), the three-way valve 11 (k 11), the three-way valve 12 (k 12) and the three-way valve 13 (k 13);
step two: after the high-temperature liquid metal generated by nuclear reaction in the liquid metal absorption nuclear reaction device (1) enters the pressure buffer device (2) through the branch a to keep stable flow, the liquid metal sequentially flows through the branch b, the isolation valve 3 (k 3), the branch g, the isolation valve 5 (k 5) and the branch h to enter the supercritical fluid delivery multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5) to carry out multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation and exchange heat, and the speed and the temperature of the liquid metal are reduced and then enter the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6) through the branch i and the branch j to carry out high-speed supercritical CO from the multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5) 2 Mixing, further pushing the liquid metal to move at high speed from the branch k to enter the two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic generating device (7) for generating electricity, and enabling the two-phase mixed fluid after the electricity generation in the two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic generating device (7) to enter the gas-liquid separator (8) through the branch l to enable the liquid metal and the supercritical CO to be generated 2 Separating, the liquid metal flows through the branch m and the isolation valve 10 (k 10) to enter the heat exchanger (3) and supercritical CO 2 After heat exchange is carried out to release excessive heat, pumping is carried out through a branch e and an electromagnetic pump (4), and supercritical CO is completed by flowing back to the nuclear reaction device (1) from the branch f 2 The transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and the Brayton cycle are combined to form a liquid metal loop cycle in a power generation mode.
8. The method of generating power of claim 7, further comprising the step of, concurrently:
step three: high-speed supercritical CO 2 The liquid metal enters a supercritical fluid consignment multistage magnetohydrodynamic generating device (5) from a branch A, through an isolation valve 6 (k 6), a branch B and an isolation valve 7 (k 7) and a branch C to consign the multistage magnetohydrodynamic generating device (5) to generate electricity and absorb part of heat, then enters a supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6) through a branch D and an isolation valve 9 (k 9) to be mixed with low-speed liquid metal, and pushes the liquid metal to enter the two-phase magnetohydrodynamic generating device (7) from the branch k to generate electricity, wherein supercritical CO is generated in the mixing and generating process 2 Continuously absorbing heat and raising the temperature, and separating the heat by a branch I into a gas-liquid separator (8), and then supercritical CO 2 The working fluid flows into the main turbine (9) from the branch F to do work to drive the generator (10) to generate power, and the supercritical CO with reduced temperature and pressure after the working is completed 2 The waste heat is released by the high-temperature heat regenerator (11) and the low-temperature heat regenerator (12) sequentially through the branch G, the waste heat is reduced by the branch I, the temperature is reduced by the pre-cooler (13), the waste heat is pre-compressed by the pre-compressor (14) through the branch J, and most of CO is discharged through the branch R three-way valve 11 (k 11) after the pre-compression is completed 2 Cooling in a main cooler (15) from a branch L, compressing in a main compressor via a branch M, increasing pressure, absorbing low-temperature waste heat in a low-temperature heat regenerator (12) via a branch N, and passing through another part of supercritical CO of a three-way valve 11 (k 11) from a branch R 2 Directly enter a recompression machine (17) through a branch P for recompression, and enter a heat exchanger (3) from a branch S through a branch Q through a three-way valve (k 12) to provide cooling for liquid metal, and enter a supercritical CO (carbon dioxide) which absorbs low-temperature waste heat through a branch R and a three-way valve 13 (k 13) and a low-temperature heat regenerator (12) through a branch Q 2 Merging, leading the mixed liquid to enter a high-temperature heat regenerator (11) from a branch U to absorb high-temperature waste heat, and then leading the mixed liquid to enter a supercritical fluid consignment multi-stage magnetohydrodynamic generating device (5) through a branch A, an isolation valve 6 (k 6) and an isolation valve 7 (k 7) again, and enabling the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6) to consign and transport liquid metal to finish supercritical CO 2 Supercritical CO in a transported liquid metal magnetic fluid and Brayton cycle cogeneration mode 2 A partially cooled brayton loop cycle;
step four: a portion of supercritical CO flowing from branch Q through three-way valve 12 (k 12) 2 The liquid metal which is about to enter the nuclear reaction device (1) is cooled from the branch S and enters the heat exchanger (3) and absorbs the waste heat in the liquid metal after magnetohydrodynamic power generation, and supercritical CO 2 After heating, the waste heat enters an auxiliary turbine (18) through a branch V to do work to drive a generator (10) to generate power, and after doing work, the waste heat is released from a high-temperature heat regenerator (11) through a branch G and supercritical CO 2 The air flows are converged and enter a low-temperature heat regenerator (12) together to release low-temperature waste heat, so that the recovery of the liquid metal heat is completed.
9. The power generation method based on the combined power generation system according to claim 6, wherein if the flow rate of the liquid metal flowing out from the nuclear reaction device (1) is too low to enter the supercritical fluid shipping multistage magnetohydrodynamic power generation device (5) to realize shipping power generation, the isolation valve 1 (k 1), the isolation valve 2 (k 2), the isolation valve 4 (k 4), the isolation valve 5 (k 5), the isolation valve 6 (k 6), the isolation valve 7 (k 7), the isolation valve 8 (k 8) and the isolation valve 9 (k 9) are closed; opening the isolation valve 3 (k 3), the isolation valve (k 10), the three-way valve 11 (k 11), the three-way valve 12 (k 12) and the three-way valve 13 (k 13); so that the liquid metal from branch g passes through the isolation valve 4 (k 4) and the supercritical CO from branch a 2 Directly enters the supercritical fluid-liquid metal two-phase mixer (6) through an isolation valve 8 (k 8).
10. A method of generating electricity based on a cogeneration system of claim 6, comprising the simultaneous steps of:
step one: closing the isolation valve 3 (k 3) and the isolation valve 10 (k 10), closing the P branch by the three-way valve 11, closing the Q branch by the three-way valve 12 (k 12), and closing the U branch by the three-way valve; opening the isolation 1 and the isolation valve 2;
step two: the liquid metal absorbs heat released by nuclear reaction from the nuclear reactor (1), after being buffered in the pressure buffer device (2) after passing through the branch a, the isolating valve 1 (k 1), the branch c, the isolating valve 2 (k 2) and the branch d in sequence, and then enters the heat exchanger (3), and the heat is transferred to the low-temperature supercritical CO 2 Liquid metal temperature dropThen the liquid metal enters an electromagnetic pump (4) through a branch e and is pumped to flow back to a nuclear reaction device (1) from a branch f, so that the liquid metal loop circulation of the traditional nuclear power system in the power generation mode is completed;
step three: supercritical CO 2 The heat of liquid metal is absorbed from a branch S into a heat exchanger (3), the heat is increased and then enters an auxiliary turbine (18) through a branch V to do work to drive a generator (10) to generate power, after the work is finished, the heat is released through a branch W into a low-temperature heat regenerator (12), the heat is then enters a pre-cooler (13) through a branch I to be pre-cooled, the pre-cooled is then enters a pre-compressor (14) through a branch J to be pre-compressed, the pre-cooled is then enters a cooler (15) through a branch R, a three-way valve 11 (k 11) and a branch L to be cooled, the compressed is then enters a main compressor (16) to be compressed, and the compressed is then enters the low-temperature heat regenerator (12) to absorb heat, and then supercritical CO 2 The supercritical CO of the traditional nuclear power system power generation mode is completed by sequentially flowing back to the heat exchanger (3) through the branch O, the three-way valve 13 (k 13), the branch R, the three-way valve 12 (k 12) and the branch S 2 Brayton cycle.
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| CN116722766A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Dual-cycle nuclear power system with coupled plasma and liquid metal and working method |
| CN116722766B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-11-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Dual-cycle nuclear power system with coupled plasma and liquid metal and working method |
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