CN116299724A - Full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse type electromagnetic device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine safety monitoring, and discloses a pulse electromagnetic device and a pulse electromagnetic method for a full-section overlying strata structure and a separation layer frequency modulation period. The transmitting unit transmits the frequency-modulated periodic pulse electromagnetic wave to the receiving unit through the integrated arc convex coil; the receiving unit receives the frequency-modulated periodic pulse electromagnetic waves sent by the transmitting unit, acquires an electromagnetic field form after being processed by a three-point positioning method through an integrated electromagnetic wave receiver, and sends the electromagnetic field form to the processing unit; and the processing unit receives the signals sent by the receiving unit and processes the signals to obtain a motion state model of the whole full section of the overlying strata. The invention solves the technical problem that the full-section overlying strata structure and the separation layer space can not be measured on site, and has great reference value for controlling the ground surface subsidence, the separation layer grouting technology, the safe production of mining areas and the like.

Description

Full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse type electromagnetic device and method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine safety monitoring, and particularly relates to a pulse electromagnetic device and method for a full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer frequency modulation period.

Background

The mine pressure and control theory indicates that along with the pushing of a working surface in coal seam exploitation, the stress balance of rock mass around a goaf is destroyed, the overlying strata moves, deforms and breaks, a large number of cracks are formed, and separation layers are generated along cracks pulled along the stratum or the stratum in the stratum along the direction of the stratum. As the overlying strata move and develop to the ground surface, the ground surface collapses, thereby seriously damaging the ground building and farmland and causing serious accidents of casualties.

At present, the analysis of the full-section overlying strata structure and the separation layer space is mostly determined based on methods such as ore pressure and mechanical theoretical calculation, similar material simulation and computer simulation, or mechanical inversion analysis is carried out according to ore pressure display monitoring parameters of stopes and roadways. Because the position of the separation layer is generally located above the overlying strata fracture zone above the goaf and within the range of the lower part of the whole bending zone, personnel and equipment are difficult to directly enter into measurement.

Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows: the traditional separation layer instrument has the advantages of small monitoring range, low monitoring precision, complex operation and lack of intuitiveness of monitoring results, and no good method at present can be used for directly monitoring a full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer space in a large range with high accuracy.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the disclosed embodiment of the invention provides a pulse electromagnetic device and a pulse electromagnetic method for a full-section overlying strata structure and an delamination frequency modulation period, which aims to accurately measure the full-section overlying strata structure and the delamination space and the like and provide technical support for next-step ground subsidence control, delamination grouting technology, mining area safety production and the like.

The technical scheme is as follows: the pulse electromagnetic device comprises a monitoring device, wherein the monitoring device comprises a transmitting unit, a receiving unit and a processing unit;

the transmitting unit transmits and receives the frequency-modulated periodic pulse electromagnetic wave through the integrated arc convex coil;

the receiving unit receives the frequency-modulated periodic pulse electromagnetic waves sent by the transmitting unit, obtains an electromagnetic field form after being processed by a three-point positioning method through an integrated electromagnetic wave receiver, and sends the electromagnetic field form to the processing unit; the electromagnetic field form comprises a monitoring radius, the total field intensity, amplitude, phase and direction of the electromagnetic field, and the rule of the electromagnetic field along with the spatial variation;

the processing unit receives the signals sent by the receiving unit, and performs signal processing to obtain a motion state model of the whole full section of the overlying strata, wherein the motion state model comprises layered structures, cracks, a separation layer space morphology geometric model and the like.

In one embodiment, the transmitting unit comprises a frequency modulated beam instrument, which is fed into the borehole via a first motorized pulley during monitoring;

the frequency modulation type beam instrument comprises a power supply system, a frequency conversion device, a transmitting coil and a first fixing mechanism, wherein the first fixing mechanism is anchored on the wall of a drilling hole by a first electric hydraulic telescopic rod arranged on the left side of the frequency modulation type beam instrument, the lifting of the transmitting unit is controlled by a first electric pulley arranged on the right side of the frequency modulation type beam instrument, and the middle part of the frequency modulation type beam instrument is reserved to penetrate through a first reserved hole for connecting a wire to pass through and be connected with a receiving unit.

In one embodiment, the power supply system is arranged at the left upper part inside the frequency modulation beam instrument and consists of an oscillator, a transmission line and a dipole antenna, and is used for generating periodic pulse electromagnetic waves and is connected with the frequency conversion device through a wire;

the frequency conversion device is arranged at the upper right part inside the frequency modulation beam instrument and is connected with the transmitting coil through a wire, and the frequency conversion device is used for modulating the intensity of a transmitting signal by changing the frequency of the oscillating current and transmitting electromagnetic waves with different intensities according to different rock types;

The transmitting coil is arranged below the inner part of the frequency modulation type wave beam instrument and consists of an arc convex coil, a magnetism isolating plate and a connecting wire, and is used for transmitting periodic pulse electromagnetic waves; the arc convex coil is used for enhancing the strength of a transmitted signal by increasing the winding number of the original coil.

In one embodiment, the outside of the transmitting unit is provided with an explosion-proof and waterproof shell which is used for explosion prevention, water prevention and instrument corrosion prevention.

In one embodiment, the receiving unit comprises a three-point receiver, and the three-point receiver is sent into the drill hole through a second electric pulley during monitoring and consists of an electromagnetic wave receiver and a second fixing mechanism; a second electro-hydraulic telescopic rod disposed on the left side of the three-point receiver anchors the second securing mechanism to the borehole wall.

In one embodiment, the electromagnetic wave receiver is configured to receive electromagnetic wave data transmitted by the fm beam device.

In one embodiment, the receiving unit is externally provided with an explosion-proof and waterproof shell for explosion protection, water prevention and instrument corrosion prevention; the middle part of the receiving unit is provided with a second preformed hole for passing through to enable the connecting wire to pass through and be connected with the processing unit.

In one embodiment, the processing unit comprises a host and an explosion-proof waterproof shell, and is installed on the ground surface during monitoring, wherein the host consists of a switch, a driving module, a control module, a filter, a processing module, a temperature sensing module, an automatic alarm module, a display imaging system, an electric hydraulic telescopic rod starting switch and an electric pulley control lifting switch; the driving module and the control module are used for controlling the opening and closing of the transmitting unit and are connected with the filter through wires; the filter is used for separating the required frequency components from the complex frequency components and is connected with the processing module through a wire; the processing module is used for collecting data from the outside of the host software and inputting the data into a socket in the host software, performing data processing, terrain correction and preliminary determination of each layered structure, crack and delamination pretreatment, and is connected with the temperature sensing module through a wire; the temperature sensing module is used for monitoring the temperature of a mine and an instrument, converting the temperature into signals, outputting the signals to a host, connecting the signals with the automatic alarm module through a wire, automatically monitoring the size of an delamination and safely preventing explosion, connecting the automatic alarm module with a display instrument imaging system through the wire, receiving data transmitted by a processing module by the display instrument imaging system, drawing information of the resistivity of a rock stratum changing along with the depth, meanwhile, carrying out arrangement analysis on the monitored data to form a visual resistivity contour map, reflecting the lithology characteristics of the stratum through the visual resistivity curve, carrying out data acquisition and computer processing through a resistivity tomography technology, carrying out tomography processing through the acquired data, outputting a result according to a certain graphic image form, and establishing a full-section overlying rock structure and delamination space geometric model to obtain a full-section motion state diagram of the overlying rock stratum; the full-section motion state diagram of the overlying strata comprises a layered structure, cracks, a spatially distributed separation layer and the like; the electrohydraulic telescopic rod starting switch is positioned below the imaging system of the display instrument and is used for controlling the stretching of the first electrohydraulic telescopic rod and the second electrohydraulic telescopic rod; the electric pulley control lifting switch is positioned below the imaging system of the display instrument and used for controlling the lifting of the first electric pulley and the second electric pulley.

The invention also provides a monitoring method of a full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic device, which selects the earth surface as a reference plane, calculates according to the mineral pressure and mechanics theory, predicts the position of the separation layer, and specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, a periodic pulse electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving unit after frequency modulation treatment is utilized by an arc convex coil;

s2, the receiving unit obtains an electromagnetic field form after processing the electromagnetic field form through an integrated electromagnetic wave receiver by a three-point positioning method, and sends the electromagnetic field form to the processing unit; the electromagnetic field form comprises a monitoring radius, the total field intensity, amplitude, phase and direction of the electromagnetic field, and the rule of the electromagnetic field along with the spatial variation;

s3, the processing unit receives the signals sent by the receiving unit, and performs signal processing to obtain a motion state model of the whole full section of the overlying strata, wherein the motion state model comprises layered structures, cracks, a separation layer space morphology geometric model and the like.

In one embodiment, the three-point positioning method in step S2 includes: when the electromagnetic wave receiver detects a plurality of unordered electromagnetic wave signals, the three-point positioning device receiving channels are arranged, the area classification is carried out according to the intensity of the electromagnetic wave signals, three positions are selected as reference points, the test is carried out on each reference point, the incoming wave direction of each reference point is determined, and the incoming wave directions of the three reference points are converged. Again, by measuring the distance between the terminal and the starting point, as the radius of the three reference point circles, three circles are drawn by the three reference points, and the three arcs intersect at a point, which is the terminal position. And finally, determining a receiving point and receiving electromagnetic wave data transmitted by a plurality of frequency modulation wave beam instruments.

By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the monitoring device adopted by the invention has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, large monitoring range, accurate monitoring result, real-time data transmission and rapid imaging, more visual monitoring result, and the invention overcomes the defects of small monitoring range, few monitoring points, inaccurate monitoring effect, difficult installation and the like of the traditional separation layer instrument, and finally solves the problem that the full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer space are difficult to directly measure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure;

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pulse electromagnetic device with frequency modulation cycle for a full section overburden structure and a separation layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic wave receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-point positioning method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a host structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of a station arrangement for a monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a station arrangement of a monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring a pulse electromagnetic device with frequency modulation cycle of a full face overlying strata and a separation layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a transmitting unit; 2. a receiving unit; 3. a processing unit; 4. a first electric pulley; 5. drilling holes; 6. a power supply system; 7. a frequency conversion device; 8. a transmitting coil; 9. a first fixing mechanism; 10. a first electro-hydraulic telescopic rod; 11. a monitoring device; 12. a first preformed hole; 13. connecting wires; 14. separating layers; 15. arc convex coil; 16. a magnetism isolating plate; 17. a connecting wire; 18. an original coil; 19. an explosion-proof waterproof housing; 20. an electromagnetic wave receiver; 21. a three-point positioning device; 22. a reference point; 23. receiving points; 24. a host; 25. a surface; 26. a switch; 27. a driving module; 28. a control module; 29. a filter; 30. a processing module; 31. a temperature sensing module; 32. an automatic alarm module; 33. a display imaging system; 34. an electro-hydraulic telescopic rod start switch; 35. the electric pulley controls the lifting switch; 36. cutting eyes; 37. stopping the mining line; 38. return air cis-slots; 39. a middle position point; 40. track gate; 41. drilling site position distribution structure; 42. an electromagnetic field; 43. a second electric pulley; 44. a second fixing mechanism; 45. a second electro-hydraulic telescopic rod; 46. and a second preformed hole.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

The main innovation point of the invention is that the periodic pulse electromagnetic wave is firstly applied to the separation layer 14, the arc convex transmitting coil 8 is firstly provided, and the three-point positioning method is firstly applied to the separation layer 14 monitoring. The method can be applied to all underground spaces which can be drilled.

It will be appreciated that the present invention proposes for the first time modulating different periodic pulsed electromagnetic wave frequencies for different rock properties. The harder rock adopts low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the weak rock adopts high-frequency electromagnetic waves. The frequency is generated by an oscillator of the frequency conversion device 7, the frequency is selected through a frequency selection network, signals with specific frequencies are selected according to rock properties, and the movement state of the full section of the overlying strata of the exploration site is more accurate.

It can be appreciated that the present invention proposes a three-point positioning method for the first time: when the receiving unit 2 receives a plurality of unordered electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the transmitting unit 1, region classification is performed according to the intensity of the electromagnetic wave signals, three positions are randomly selected as reference points 22, tests are performed at each reference point 22, the incoming wave directions of each reference point 22 are determined, and the incoming wave directions of the three reference points 22 are converged. Thirdly, by measuring the distance between the terminal and the starting point, taking the distance as the radius of the circles of the three reference points 22, drawing three circles by the three reference points 22, and intersecting the three circles at one point, wherein the point is the terminal position; the reception point 23 is finally determined.

The full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer 14 frequency modulation periodic pulse type electromagnetic device provided by the invention comprises a transmitting unit 1, a receiving unit 2 and a processing unit 3, wherein the transmitting unit 1 is a frequency modulation type wave beam instrument, in actual monitoring, the frequency modulation type wave velocity instrument is arranged in a drilling hole 5 and comprises a power supply system 6, a frequency conversion device 7, a transmitting coil 8 and a first fixing mechanism 9, and the frequency modulation type wave velocity instrument is anchored on the wall of the drilling hole 5 through a first electro-hydraulic telescopic rod 10 and is used for transmitting frequency modulation periodic pulse type electromagnetic waves. The receiving unit 2 is a three-point receiver, which is installed in the borehole 5 during actual monitoring, and includes an electromagnetic wave receiver 20 and a fixing mechanism, and the three-point receiver receives the fm-period pulse electromagnetic wave transmitted from the transmitting unit 1 by a three-point positioning method and transmits the fm-period pulse electromagnetic wave to the processing unit 3. The processing unit 3 comprises a switch, a driving module, a control module, a filter, a processing module, an automatic alarm module, a temperature sensing module, a display imaging system, an electric hydraulic telescopic rod starting switch and an electric pulley control lifting switch, processes data transmitted by the receiving unit and automatically images the data, and establishes a full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer space geometric structure model, if a dangerous area exists, the automatic alarm module is started. The invention can provide technical support for controlling the subsidence of the earth surface 25, the grouting technology of the separation layer 14, the safe production of mining areas and the like.

The invention adopts frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic waves, namely the electromagnetic waves adopt pulse electromagnetic waves and periodically emit pulse electromagnetic waves, which are used for improving the strength and pertinence of exploration signals, improving the accuracy of exploration results, modulating the strength of emission signals by changing the frequency of oscillating current according to the properties of different rocks around a separation layer 14, pertinently modulating the frequency, adopting low-frequency electromagnetic waves aiming at harder rocks, adopting high-frequency electromagnetic waves aiming at softer rocks, and more definitely exploration full-section overlying rock structures, separation layer spaces and the like, achieving the purposes of furthest detection distance and highest precision, solving the problems of small monitoring range, inaccurate monitoring results and the like of the traditional separation layer instrument, and being used for more accurately, intuitively and rapidly reflecting the full-section overlying rock structures, separation layer spaces and the like.

The electromagnetic wave receiver 20 is provided with a three-point positioning type receiving channel, can simultaneously receive a plurality of unordered electromagnetic wave signals, simultaneously performs multi-point monitoring, simultaneously performs real-time data transmission on a plurality of measuring points, and is used for receiving electromagnetic wave data transmitted by a plurality of frequency modulation beam instruments in real time, efficiently and accurately; the invention adopts the temperature sensing module and the automatic alarm module, is used for automatically monitoring the scale of the separation layer 14, and the width of the separation layer 14 exceeds 10cm, the temperature is lower than 10 ℃ and is higher than 50 ℃ to meet one of the three conditions, namely, the automatic alarm module is started, the probability of occurrence of mine disasters is reduced, and the life and property safety of people is ensured.

The method of the invention uses the apparent resistivity contour map as the basis, reflects the lithology characteristics of the stratum through the apparent resistivity curve, adopts the resistivity tomography technology to perform data acquisition and computer processing, performs the tomography processing through the acquired data, outputs the result according to a certain graphic image form, establishes the full-section overlying strata structure and the separation layer space geometric model, can obtain the full-section motion state diagram of the overlying strata, comprises each layered structure, crack, space separation layer and the like, solves the technical problem that the full-section overlying strata structure and the separation layer space cannot be measured on site, and has great reference value for controlling subsidence of the earth surface 25, separation layer grouting technology, mining area safety production and the like.

The invention can be applied to field engineering practice on a large scale; the invention provides a method for exploring a full-section overlying strata structure and an delamination space through a frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic wave, which solves the problem that an adjustable frequency periodic pulse electromagnetic method is used for exploring the delamination and solves the problem that the full-section overlying strata structure and the delamination space cannot be measured on site. The technical scheme of the invention further solves the technical difficulties of small monitoring range, inaccurate monitoring result, complicated installation process, non-visual observation result, incapability of transmitting data in real time, rapid imaging and the like of the traditional separation layer instrument, and has great reference value for controlling subsidence of the earth surface 25, separation layer grouting technology, safe production of mining areas and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a pulse electromagnetic device with a full-section overlying strata structure and an delamination frequency modulation period, which comprises a monitoring device 11, wherein the monitoring device 11 comprises a transmitting unit 1, a receiving unit 2 and a processing unit 3;

the transmitting unit 1 transmits the frequency-modulated periodic pulse electromagnetic wave to the receiving unit 2 through the integrated arc convex coil 15;

the receiving unit 2 receives the frequency-modulated periodic pulse electromagnetic wave sent by the transmitting unit 1, obtains an electromagnetic field 42 form after being processed by a three-point positioning method through the integrated electromagnetic wave receiver 20, and sends the electromagnetic field 42 form to the processing unit 3; the form of the electromagnetic field 42 comprises monitoring the radius, the total field intensity, the amplitude, the phase and the direction of the electromagnetic field, and the rule of the electromagnetic field along with the spatial variation;

the processing unit 3 receives the signal sent by the receiving unit 2, and performs signal processing to obtain a motion state model of the whole full section of the overlying strata, where the motion state model includes various layered structures, cracks, and a spatial morphological geometric model of the separation layer 14.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a monitoring method of the frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic device of the full-section overlying strata structure and the separation layer 14, which selects the earth surface 25 as a reference plane and predicts the position of the separation layer 14 according to the calculation of the mine pressure and the mechanics theory, and specifically comprises the following steps:

S1, a periodic pulse electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving unit 2 after frequency modulation treatment is carried out by utilizing an arc convex coil 15;

s2, the receiving unit 2 obtains an electromagnetic field 42 form after processing by a three-point positioning method through the integrated electromagnetic wave receiver 20, and sends the electromagnetic field 42 form to the processing unit 3; the form of the electromagnetic field 42 comprises monitoring the radius, the total field intensity, the amplitude, the phase and the direction of the electromagnetic field, and the rule of the electromagnetic field along with the spatial variation;

s3, the processing unit 3 receives the signals sent by the receiving unit 2 and processes the signals to obtain a motion state model of the whole full section of the overlying strata, wherein the motion state model comprises a space morphological geometric model of each layered structure, a crack, a separation layer 14 and the like.

In embodiment 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a pulse electromagnetic device with a full-section overlying strata structure and a separation layer frequency modulation period, which comprises a monitoring device 11, wherein the monitoring device 11 comprises a transmitting unit 1, a receiving unit 2 and a processing unit 3. The main improvement point transmitting unit 1 comprises a frequency modulated beam meter which is fed into the borehole 5 via a first motorized pulley 4 during monitoring.

The fm beam device comprises a power supply system 6, a frequency conversion device 7, a transmitting coil 8 and a first fixing mechanism 9, wherein the first fixing mechanism 9 plays a role in fixing and connecting the components, the specific structure of the fm beam device is preferably cuboid, a first electrohydraulic telescopic rod 10 is arranged on the left side of the fm beam device, and the first electrohydraulic telescopic rod 10 is arranged for firmly anchoring the first fixing mechanism 9 on a hole wall so as to facilitate the installation of the fm beam device in a drill hole 5. A first motorized pulley 4 is provided on the right side of the fm beam meter, the first motorized pulley 4 being provided for the purpose of controlling the elevation of the transmitting unit 1. In addition, the method comprises the following steps. The fm beam instrument has a first preformed hole 12 in its middle for passing through, specifically the size of the hole is designed according to the actual requirements of the site in order to allow the connection wire 13 to pass through.

The power supply system 6 is arranged at the upper left part inside the frequency modulation type wave beam instrument and consists of an oscillator, a transmission line, a dipole antenna and the like, and is used for generating periodic pulse electromagnetic waves and is connected with the frequency conversion device 7 through a wire.

The frequency conversion device 7 is arranged at the upper right part inside the frequency modulation beam instrument and is connected with the transmitting coil 8 through a wire, the frequency conversion device 7 is arranged for modulating the intensity of a transmitting signal by changing the frequency of an oscillating current, and electromagnetic waves with different intensities are transmitted according to different rock types, so that the properties of the full-section overlying strata structure and rock around the separation layer 14 are monitored more pertinently, the space between the full-section overlying strata structure and the separation layer 14 is reflected more accurately, and the like.

The transmitting coil 8 is disposed below the frequency modulation type beam instrument, and as shown in fig. 2, is composed of a circular arc convex coil 15, a magnetism isolating plate 16 and a connecting wire 17, and is used for transmitting periodic pulse electromagnetic waves. The purpose of the arc convex coil 15 is to increase the area of the magnetic field strength generated by the transmitting coil 8 and enhance the transmitting signal strength by increasing the number of winding turns of the original coil 18. When the actual monitoring is carried out, the first fixing mechanism 9 and the first electro-hydraulic telescopic rod 10 firmly grasp the drill rock wall to prevent the FM beam instrument from sliding with the rock stratum where the FM beam instrument is positioned, so that the FM beam instrument and the rock stratum are integrated. The outside of the transmitting unit 1 is provided with an explosion-proof and waterproof shell 19 which is used for explosion prevention and waterproof and instrument corrosion prevention.

The receiving unit 2 comprises a three-point receiver which is sent into the borehole 5 through a second electric pulley 43 during monitoring and consists of an electromagnetic wave receiver 20 and a second fixing mechanism 44; a second electro-hydraulic telescopic rod 45, provided on the left side of the three-point receiver, anchors the second securing mechanism 44 to the borehole wall.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the electromagnetic wave receiver 20 is provided with a three-point positioning device 21 receiving channel, when the electromagnetic wave receiver 20 detects a plurality of unordered electromagnetic wave signals, region classification is performed according to the intensity of the electromagnetic wave signals, three positions are selected as reference points 22, a test is performed at each reference point 22, the incoming wave direction of each reference point 22 is determined, and the incoming wave directions of the three reference points 22 are converged. Again, by measuring the distance between the terminal and the starting point, as the radius of the circles of the three reference points 22, the three reference points 22 draw three circles, and the three arcs intersect at a point, which is the terminal position. Finally, a receiving point 23 is determined, and electromagnetic wave data transmitted by a plurality of frequency modulation wave beam instruments are received; the method is used for receiving the electromagnetic wave data transmitted by the plurality of frequency modulation beam instruments in real time, efficiently and accurately. When the actual monitoring is performed, the second fixing mechanism 44 and the second electro-hydraulic telescopic rod 45 firmly grip the drill rock wall to prevent the receiving unit 2 from sliding with the rock stratum where the receiving unit 2 is located, so that the receiving unit 2 and the rock stratum are integrated. The receiving unit 2 is externally provided with an explosion-proof and waterproof shell 19 for explosion prevention and waterproofing and preventing the instrument from being corroded. The receiving unit 2 may be in a cuboid structure, and a second preformed hole 46 is reserved in the middle of the receiving unit 2, and the size of the hole is specifically designed according to the actual requirements of the site, so that the connecting wire 13 passes through.

The processing unit 3 comprises a host 24 and an explosion-proof and waterproof shell 19, and is installed on the ground 25 during monitoring, as shown in fig. 5, the host 24 consists of a switch 26, a driving module 27, a control module 28, a filter 29, a processing module 30, a temperature sensing module 31, an automatic alarm module 32, a display imaging system 33, an electrohydraulic telescopic rod starting switch 34 and an electric pulley control lifting switch 35. The driving module 27 and the control module 28 are used for controlling the opening and closing of the transmitting unit 1, and are connected with the filter 29 together through wires. The filter 29 is provided to separate a desired frequency component from a complex frequency component, and to filter out unnecessary frequency components, thereby improving analysis accuracy. The processing module 30 is connected with the processing module 30 through a wire, the processing module 30 is a socket for collecting data from the outside of the host software and inputting the data into the inside of the host software, and the socket has the preprocessing functions of data processing, terrain correction, preliminary determination of each layered structure, fissures, spatial separation layer 14 and the like, and is a key link for realizing data sharing. The temperature sensor module 31 is connected with the temperature sensor module 31 through a wire, the temperature sensor module 31 is used for monitoring the temperature of a mine and instruments and converting the temperature into signals to be output to the host 24, and the temperature sensor module 31 is arranged for monitoring the explosion-proof safety of the mine and improving the productivity of the mine. The automatic alarm module 32 is connected with the automatic alarm module 32 through a wire, the automatic alarm module 32 is used for automatically monitoring the size of the separation layer 14 and ensuring safety and explosion prevention, the width of the separation layer 14 exceeds 10cm, the temperature is lower than 0 ℃ and higher than 40 ℃ and the automatic alarm module 32 is started when one of the three is met, so that the occurrence probability of disasters and accidents is reduced. The automatic alarm module 32 is connected with the display imaging system 33 through a wire, the display imaging system 33 receives the data transmitted by the processing module 30, draws the information of the change of the rock formation resistivity along with the depth, simultaneously, carries out arrangement analysis on the monitored data to form a visual resistivity contour map, reflects the lithology characteristics of the stratum through the visual resistivity curve, adopts the resistivity tomography technology to carry out data acquisition and computer processing, carries out tomography processing through the acquired data, outputs the result according to a certain graphic image form, establishes a space geometric model of the full-section overlying rock structure and the separation layer 14, and can obtain a full-section motion state diagram of the overlying rock formation, wherein the full-section motion state diagram comprises the structure, the fissures, the separation layers 14 with space distribution and the like of each layering. An electro-hydraulic telescoping rod actuation switch 34 is located below the display imaging system 33 for controlling the extension of the first 10, second 45 electro-hydraulic telescoping rods. The electric pulley control lifting switch 35 is located below the display imaging system 33 and is used for controlling the lifting of the first electric pulley 4 and the second electric pulley 43.

It can be understood that the resistivity tomography technique utilizes the concept and principle of medical X-ray CT scanning imaging, utilizes the earth surface 25, drill holes or underground roadways to arrange transmitting points and receiving points, and reconstructs the distribution of physical properties in the detected body after receiving the data with the internal information of the target body. The resistivity tomography system mainly comprises two parts of data acquisition and computer processing. When in field measurement, all electrodes are arranged on measuring points with a certain interval, a multi-core cable is used for connecting with a program-controlled switch, under the control of a preset program, the rapid conversion and data acquisition among the electrode arrangement mode, the polar distance and the measuring points are realized, then the acquired data are subjected to tomography processing through a computer, and a result is output in a certain graphic image form. The three-dimensional resistivity tomography technology has the characteristics of high measuring point density, high working efficiency and the like. Resistivity tomography 3D imaging techniques can therefore be applied to engineering practices.

As shown in fig. 6, the monitoring operation selects a middle position point 39 from the cutting hole 36 to the stoping line 37 on the track gate 40, and the cutting hole advances vertically from the track gate 40 to the return air gate 38 of the working surface, and a pulse electromagnetic device with a frequency modulation period is arranged every 30 m, and a drilling position distribution structure 41 is shown in fig. 7.

As shown in fig. 8, the earth 25 is selected as a reference plane, and the position of the delamination layer 14 is theoretically predicted according to the calculation of the mine pressure and mechanics theory, and the monitoring drilling holes are arranged from the earth 25, and the drilling holes 5 are drilled to the bottom of the bending zone. The transmitting unit 1 and the receiving unit 2 in the monitoring device 11 are fixed at the bottommost end of a drill hole, the data acquisition interval of the host 24 is set, the switch 26 of the host 24 is opened, the driving module 27 and the control module 28 are operated, a periodic pulse electromagnetic wave is provided by the power supply system 6 of the transmitting unit 1 of the monitoring device 11, the frequency modulation is processed by the frequency conversion device 7, the periodic pulse electromagnetic wave is sent out by the arc convex coil 15, the electromagnetic wave receiver 20 in the receiving unit 2 of the monitoring device 11 receives the electromagnetic wave after being processed by a three-point positioning method, the electromagnetic field 42 is in a form as shown in fig. 8, and the monitoring radius is from a to d.

The receiving unit 2 receives the signals, transmits the signals to the filter 29 of the processing unit 3, separates the required frequency components from the complex frequency components, and transmits the frequency components to the processing module 30, the processing module 30 performs preprocessing such as data processing and terrain correction on the data, preliminarily determines the motion state of the full section of the overlying strata, including the spatial forms of each layered structure, the fissures and the separation layer 14, and the like, simultaneously analyzes the data of the temperature sensing module 31, judges whether a dangerous area exists, and if the dangerous area exists, starts the automatic alarm module 32. Information is then plotted of formation resistivity as a function of depth. Meanwhile, the monitoring data are arranged and analyzed to form a visual resistivity contour map, the lithology characteristics of the stratum are reflected through the visual resistivity contour map, the data acquisition and the computer processing are carried out through the resistivity tomography technology, the tomography processing is carried out through the acquired data, the result is output according to a certain graphic image form, the data are transmitted to the display imaging system 33, the space geometric model of the full-section overlying strata structure and the separation layer 14 at the bottom of the drilling hole 5 is established, and the full-section motion state map of the overlying strata at the bottom of the drilling hole 5, comprising each layered structure, cracks, the separation layer 14 with space distribution and the like, can be obtained. According to the constructed full-section overlying strata structure at the bottom of the drill hole 5 and the spatial geometrical structure model of the separation layer 14, the host 24 controls the power supply system 6 in the transmitting unit 1 to provide pulse electromagnetic waves with different periodicity in a targeted manner, the frequency conversion device 7 carries out frequency modulation in a targeted manner according to the full-section overlying strata structure and different rock properties around the separation layer 14, adopts low-frequency electromagnetic waves for harder rocks, adopts high-frequency electromagnetic waves for weak rocks, the frequency of the frequency conversion device 7 is generated by an oscillator, frequency selection is carried out through a frequency selection network, signals with specific frequencies are selected according to the rock properties, and the motion state of the full section of the overlying strata at the bottom of the drill hole is more accurately explored. Repeating the above-mentioned series of operations of transmitting, receiving and processing so as to obtain the invented accurate full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer 14 space geometric structure model. Then, the host 24 controls the electric hydraulic telescopic rod starting switch 34 and the electric pulley control lifting switch 35, contracts the first electric hydraulic telescopic rod 10 and the second electric hydraulic telescopic rod 45, lifts the first electric pulley 4 and the second electric pulley 43, lifts the transmitting unit 1 and the receiving unit 2 to the middle part of the drilling hole 5, stretches the first electric hydraulic telescopic rod 10 and the second electric hydraulic telescopic rod 45, tightly anchors the transmitting unit 1 and the receiving unit 2 in the middle part of the wall of the drilling hole 5, repeats all operations of transmitting signals, receiving signals, processing signals and the like, records information of the formation resistivity changing along with depth, forms a apparent resistivity contour map, reflects lithology characteristics of the formation through the apparent resistivity contour map, performs data acquisition and computer processing through resistivity tomography, outputs acquired data in a certain graphic image form, and establishes a full-section overlying rock structure and an delamination layer 14 space geometric model in the middle part of the drilling hole 5. And thirdly, controlling an electric hydraulic telescopic rod starting switch 34 and an electric pulley control lifting switch 35 through a host 24, contracting a first electric hydraulic telescopic rod 10 and a second electric hydraulic telescopic rod 45, lifting a first electric pulley 4 and a second electric pulley 43, lifting a transmitting unit 1 and a receiving unit 2 to the upper part of a drilling hole, extending the first electric hydraulic telescopic rod 10 and the second electric hydraulic telescopic rod 45, tightly anchoring the transmitting unit 1 and the receiving unit 2 to the upper part of the wall of the drilling hole 5, repeating all operations such as transmitting, receiving, processing and the like, recording information of the formation resistivity along with the depth change to form a apparent resistivity contour map, reflecting the lithology characteristics of the formation through the apparent resistivity curve, carrying out data acquisition and computer processing by adopting a resistivity tomography technology, outputting results according to a certain graphic image form, and establishing a full-section overlying rock structure and a separation layer 14 space geometric model at the upper part of the drilling hole. Summarizing the measured data related to the spatial geometric model of the separation layer 14 and the full-section overlying strata structure detected by the transmitting unit 1, the middle transmitting unit and the receiving unit 2 positioned on the drilling hole 5, and establishing a motion state model of the whole full section of the overlying strata, wherein the motion state model comprises layered structures, cracks, spatial morphological geometric models of the separation layer 14 and the like.

In embodiment 2, the technical scheme is further described below by taking the full-section overlying strata structure and the separation layer 14 frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic device as examples, which can be applied to all underground spaces capable of being drilled.

The scheme described in embodiment 1 can be adopted by the full-section overlying strata structure and the separation layer 14 frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic device.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power supply system 6 adopts a periodic pulse electromagnetic wave, and periodically emits the pulse electromagnetic wave, so as to improve the strength and pertinence of the exploration signal.

As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the frequency conversion device 7 modulates the intensity of the signal by changing the frequency of the oscillating current according to the properties of different rocks around the delamination layer 14, adopts low-frequency electromagnetic waves for harder rocks, adopts high-frequency electromagnetic waves for weak rocks, and is used for improving the accuracy of monitoring the motion state of the whole full section of the overburden rock, including each layered structure, cracks, space of the delamination layer 14, and the like.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmitting coil 8 is formed of a circular arc convex coil 15, and the winding number of the original coil 18 is increased to increase the area of the magnetic field intensity generated by the transmitting coil 8, thereby enhancing the transmitting signal intensity.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic wave receiver 20 is provided with a three-point positioning type receiving channel for receiving a plurality of electromagnetic wave data transmitted from the transmitting unit 1 in real time.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the automatic alarm module 32 is used to automatically monitor the scale of the delamination layer 14, the equipment and the mine temperature. The automatic alarm module 32 is activated when one of the three conditions is satisfied by the delamination layer 14 having a width exceeding 10cm and a temperature below 0 degrees celsius and above 40 degrees celsius.

As shown in fig. 9, the embodiment of the invention further provides a method for monitoring a pulse electromagnetic device with a full-section overlying strata structure and an delamination frequency modulation period, which comprises the following steps:

s101, selecting the earth surface 25 as a reference plane, and calculating according to the ore pressure and mechanics theory, and theoretically predicting the position where the separation layer 14 possibly appears;

arranging a drilling hole 5 from the surface 25, drilling the drilling hole 5 to the bottom of the bending zone, and designing relevant parameters of the drilling hole 5;

s102, drilling construction is carried out according to design parameters of drilling;

s103, installing the monitoring device 11;

s104, monitoring and collecting data;

the monitoring work selects a middle position point 39 from a cutting hole 36 to a stoping line 37 on a track cis-slot 40, the monitoring work advances from the track cis-slot 40 of the working surface to the return air cis-slot 38 of the working surface in the vertical direction, a monitoring device 11 is arranged every 30m, and the data acquisition interval of the host 24 is set. The monitoring period of the measurement work is real-time monitoring; as shown in fig. 6 and 7;

S105, determining the spatial range of the full-section overlying strata structure and the separation layer 14;

the transmitting unit 1 and the receiving unit 2 of the monitoring device 11 are placed at the bottom of the drilling hole 5 through the first electric pulley 4 and the second electric pulley 43, and are anchored on the wall of the drilling hole 5 through the first electric hydraulic telescopic rod 10 and the second electric hydraulic telescopic rod 45. The host 24 sends an action command to the transmitting unit 1 through the driving module 27, the control module 28 and the connecting wire 13, the power supply system 6 in the transmitting unit 1 generates periodic pulse electromagnetic waves, the frequency conversion device 7 modulates the intensity of periodic pulse electromagnetic wave signals, the electromagnetic waves are sent out through the circular arc convex coil 15, the receiving unit 2 receives the electromagnetic waves through a three-point positioning method and then transmits the electromagnetic waves to the filter 29 in the host 24 of the processing unit 3 through the connecting wire 13, the filter 29 filters out useless data and then transmits the data to the processing module 30 in the host 24, the processing module 30 carries out distortion point elimination, topography correction and preliminary determination of the motion state of the whole section of the overlying strata, and after preprocessing including the spatial forms of each layered structure, fissures, separation layer 14 and the like, the information of the change of the stratum resistivity along with the depth is drawn. Meanwhile, the monitoring data are arranged and analyzed to form a visual resistivity contour map, lithology characteristics of the stratum are reflected through the visual resistivity contour map, data acquisition and computer processing are carried out through a resistivity tomography technology, the tomography processing is carried out through the acquired data, a result is output according to a certain graphic image form, a spatial geometric model of a full-section overlying strata structure and an delamination layer 14 at the bottom of the drilling hole 5 is established, a full-section motion state diagram of the overlying strata at the bottom of the drilling hole 5 can be obtained, the full-section motion state diagram comprises layered structures, cracks, spatial delamination layers 14 and the like, and the full-section motion state diagram is displayed on a display imaging system 33 of a host. According to the constructed full-section overlying strata structure and the spatial geometrical structure model of the separation layer 14, the host 24 feeds back the model to the host 24, the host 24 controls the power supply system 6 in the transmitting unit 1 to provide pulse electromagnetic waves with different periods in a targeted manner, controls the frequency conversion device 7 to perform frequency modulation according to different rock properties around the full-section overlying strata structure and the spatial geometrical structure model of the separation layer 14 in a targeted manner, adopts low-frequency electromagnetic waves for harder rocks, adopts high-frequency electromagnetic waves for weak rocks, repeats a series of operations such as transmitting, receiving, processing and the like, records information of rock stratum resistivity changing along with depth to form a apparent resistivity contour map, reflects lithology characteristics of the stratum through the apparent resistivity curve, performs data acquisition and computer processing by adopting a resistivity tomography technology, performs tomography processing on acquired data, outputs a result in a certain graphic image form, and establishes the exact full-section overlying strata structure at the bottom of the drilling hole 5 and the spatial geometrical model of the separation layer 14. During the period, the temperature sensing module 31 and the automatic alarm module 32 transmit information in real time, automatically judge whether a dangerous area appears, and start the automatic alarm module 32 if the dangerous area appears; thirdly, the transmitting unit 1 and the receiving unit 2 of the monitoring device 11 are lifted to the middle part of the drilling hole 5 through the first electric pulley 4, the second electric pulley 43, the first electric hydraulic telescopic rod 10 and the second electric hydraulic telescopic rod 45, all the operations of transmitting, receiving, processing and the like are repeated, and a full-section overlying strata structure and an abscission layer 14 space geometric model positioned in the middle part of the drilling hole 5 are built. And lifting the transmitting unit 1 and the receiving unit 2 of the monitoring device 11 to the top of the drilling hole 5 again, repeating all the operations of transmitting, receiving, processing and the like, and establishing a space geometric model of the full-section overburden structure and the separation layer 14 at the upper part of the drilling hole 5. And summarizing the measured data related to the spatial geometric model of the full-face overlying strata structure and the separation layer 14 detected on the drill hole 5, the middle and the bottom, and establishing an exact and complete spatial range geometric model of the full-face overlying strata structure and the separation layer 14.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S101, the relevant parameters of the drill holes 5 include the number of drill holes, the arrangement pitch, the drill hole length, the inclination angle and the aperture;

in the steps S101-S105, the transmitting unit 1, the receiving unit 2 and the processing unit 3 are provided with explosion-proof and waterproof housings 19 for explosion-proof, waterproof and rust-proof instruments.

In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and in part, not described or illustrated in any particular embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.

The content of the information interaction and the execution process between the devices/units and the like is based on the same conception as the method embodiment of the present invention, and specific functions and technical effects brought by the content can be referred to in the method embodiment section, and will not be described herein.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-described division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical application, the above-described functional distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, i.e. the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-described functions. The functional units and modules in the embodiment may be integrated in one processing unit 3, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit, where the integrated units may be implemented in a form of hardware or a form of a software functional unit. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present invention. For specific working processes of the units and modules in the system, reference may be made to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.

Based on the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, the following application examples may be further proposed.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the present invention also provides a computer apparatus, including: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor, which when executed by the processor performs the steps of any of the various method embodiments described above.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the respective method embodiments described above.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an information data processing terminal, which is used for providing a user input interface to implement the steps in the method embodiments when being implemented on an electronic device, and the information data processing terminal is not limited to a mobile phone, a computer and a switch.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a server, which is used for realizing the steps in the method embodiments when being executed on the electronic device and providing a user input interface.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product which, when run on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the steps of the method embodiments described above.

The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the present application implements all or part of the flow of the method of the above embodiments, and may be implemented by a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, may implement the steps of each of the method embodiments described above. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code which may be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form etc. The computer readable medium may include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to a photographing device/terminal apparatus, recording medium, computer Memory, read-Only Memory (ROM), random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media. Such as a U-disk, removable hard disk, magnetic or optical disk, etc.

While the invention has been described with respect to what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a full section cover rock structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic device which characterized in that, this device includes monitoring devices (11), monitoring devices (11) include: a transmitting unit (1), a receiving unit (2) and a processing unit (3);

the transmitting unit (1) transmits and receives the periodic pulse electromagnetic wave after frequency modulation treatment through an integrated arc convex coil (15);

the receiving unit (2) receives the frequency-modulated periodic pulse electromagnetic wave sent by the transmitting unit (1), obtains an electromagnetic field (42) form after being processed by a three-point positioning method through the integrated electromagnetic wave receiver (20), and sends the electromagnetic field (42) form to the processing unit (3); the form of the electromagnetic field (42) comprises a rule of monitoring the radius, the total field strength, the amplitude, the phase and the direction of the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetic field along with the spatial variation;

The processing unit (3) receives the signals sent by the receiving unit (2) and processes the signals to obtain a motion state model of the whole full section of the overlying strata, wherein the motion state model comprises space morphological geometric models of each layered structure, a crack and a separation layer (14).

2. The full face cover rock structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse type electromagnetic device according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting unit (1) comprises a frequency modulation beam instrument, and is sent into a drill hole (5) through a first electric pulley (4) during monitoring;

the frequency modulation type beam instrument comprises a power supply system (6), a frequency conversion device (7), a transmitting coil (8) and a first fixing mechanism (9), wherein the first fixing mechanism (9) is anchored on the wall of a drilling hole (5) through a first electric hydraulic telescopic rod (10) arranged on the left side of the frequency modulation type beam instrument, a first electric pulley (4) is arranged on the right side of the frequency modulation type beam instrument to control the lifting of a transmitting unit (1), and the middle part of the frequency modulation type beam instrument is reserved to penetrate through a first reserved hole (12) for connecting a lead wire (13) to pass through and be connected with a receiving unit (2).

3. The full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic device according to claim 2, wherein the power supply system (6) is arranged at the upper left inside the frequency modulation type wave beam instrument and consists of an oscillator, a transmission line and a dipole antenna, and is used for generating periodic pulse electromagnetic waves, and is connected with the frequency conversion device (7) through a wire;

The frequency conversion device (7) is arranged at the upper right part inside the frequency modulation beam instrument and is connected with the transmitting coil (8) through a wire, and the frequency conversion device (7) is used for modulating the intensity of a transmitting signal by changing the frequency of an oscillating current and transmitting electromagnetic waves with different intensities according to different rock types;

the transmitting coil (8) is arranged below the inner part of the frequency modulation type wave beam instrument and consists of an arc convex coil (15), a magnetism isolating plate (16) and a connecting wire (17) and is used for transmitting periodic pulse electromagnetic waves; the circular arc convex coil (15) is used for enhancing the strength of a transmitted signal by increasing the winding number of the original coil (18).

4. The pulse electromagnetic device with the full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer frequency modulation period as claimed in claim 2, wherein the transmitting unit (1) is externally provided with an explosion-proof and waterproof shell (19) for explosion protection, water prevention and instrument corrosion prevention.

5. A full face cover rock structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic device according to claim 3, characterized in that the receiving unit (2) comprises a three-point receiver, which is sent into the borehole (5) through a second electric pulley (43) during monitoring, and which consists of an electromagnetic wave receiver (20) and a second fixing mechanism (44); a second electro-hydraulic telescopic rod (45) arranged on the left side of the three-point receiver anchors a second fixing mechanism (44) on the wall of the borehole (5).

6. The full face overburden structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse type electromagnetic device according to claim 5, wherein the electromagnetic wave receiver (20) is configured to receive electromagnetic wave data transmitted by the frequency modulation type beam instrument.

7. The full face overlying strata structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic device according to claim 5, wherein the receiving unit (2) is externally provided with an explosion-proof and waterproof shell (19) for explosion-proof, waterproof and instrument corrosion prevention; the middle part of the receiving unit (2) is provided with a second preformed hole (46) for passing through to enable the connecting wire (13) to pass through and be connected with the processing unit (3).

8. The full-section overlying strata structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse electromagnetic device according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit (3) comprises a host machine (24) and an explosion-proof waterproof shell (19), and is installed on the ground surface (25) during monitoring, the host machine (24) is composed of a switch (26), a driving module (27), a control module (28), a filter (29), a processing module (30), a temperature sensing module (31), an automatic alarm module (32), a display imaging system (33), an electrohydraulic telescopic rod starting switch (34) and an electric pulley control lifting switch (35);

The driving module (27) and the control module (28) are used for controlling the opening and closing of the transmitting unit (1) and are connected with the filter (29) through wires; the filter (29) is used for separating the required frequency components from the complex frequency components and is connected with the processing module (30) through a wire; the processing module (30) is a socket for collecting data from the outside of the host software and inputting the data into the inside of the host software, performs data processing, terrain correction and preliminary pretreatment for determining each layered structure, crack and separation layer (14), and is connected with the temperature sensing module (31) through a wire; the temperature sensing module (31) is used for monitoring the temperature of a mine and an instrument, converting the temperature into a signal, outputting the signal to the host (24), and connecting the signal with the automatic alarm module (32) through a wire, wherein the automatic alarm module (32) is used for automatically monitoring the size of an delamination layer (14) and ensuring safety and explosion prevention, the automatic alarm module (32) is connected with the display imaging system (33) through the wire, and the display imaging system (33) receives the data transmitted by the processing module (30) and draws the information of the resistivity of a rock stratum changing along with the depth;

the electrohydraulic telescopic rod starting switch (34) is positioned below the display imaging system (33) and is used for controlling the stretching of the first electrohydraulic telescopic rod (10) and the second electrohydraulic telescopic rod (45); the electric pulley control lifting switch (35) is positioned below the display imaging system (33) and is used for controlling the lifting of the first electric pulley (4) and the second electric pulley (43).

9. The full-face overlying strata structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse type electromagnetic monitoring method is characterized in that the full-face overlying strata structure and separation layer frequency modulation periodic pulse type electromagnetic device according to any one of claims 1-8 is utilized to conduct signal monitoring, the method selects the earth surface (25) as a reference plane, and the position where the separation layer (14) appears is predicted according to calculation of mine pressure and mechanics theory, and specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, a periodic pulse electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving unit (2) which uses an arc convex coil (15) to carry out frequency modulation treatment;

s2, the receiving unit (2) obtains an electromagnetic field (42) form after processing through an integrated electromagnetic wave receiver (20) by a three-point positioning method, and sends the electromagnetic field (42) form to the processing unit (3); the form of the electromagnetic field (42) comprises a rule of monitoring the radius, the total field strength, the amplitude, the phase and the direction of the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetic field along with the spatial variation;

s3, the processing unit (3) receives the signals sent by the receiving unit (2) and processes the signals to obtain a motion state model of the whole full section of the overlying strata, wherein the motion state model comprises space morphological geometric models of each layered structure, each crack and each separation layer (14).

10. The method of pulse electromagnetic monitoring of full face overburden structure and delamination frequency modulation cycle of claim 9 wherein in step S2, the three-point positioning method comprises: setting a three-point positioning device (21) receiving channel through an electromagnetic wave receiver (20), when the electromagnetic wave receiver (20) detects a plurality of disordered electromagnetic wave signals, carrying out region classification according to the intensity of the electromagnetic wave signals, selecting three positions as reference points (22), testing at each reference point (22), determining the incoming wave direction of each reference point (22), and converging the incoming wave directions of the three reference points (22); thirdly, by measuring the distance between the terminal and the starting point, as the radius of the circles of the three reference points (22), drawing three circles by the three reference points (22), wherein the three circles intersect at a point, and the intersection point is the terminal position; finally, a receiving point (23) is determined, and electromagnetic wave data transmitted by a plurality of frequency modulation wave beam instruments are received.

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