CN116298207A - Device and method for testing instability of slope with fissure under rainfall and groundwater level coupling - Google Patents
Device and method for testing instability of slope with fissure under rainfall and groundwater level coupling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rainfall and groundwater level coupling lower slope instability testing device with cracks, which comprises a test box, a dry-wet circulation module, a groundwater level adjusting module, a first monitoring module and a second monitoring module, wherein an expansive soil slope is arranged in the test box, and a groundwater level water supplementing hole is formed in the bottom of the test box; the dry-wet circulation module comprises a rainfall spray head, a first water conveying pipeline, a water storage tank and a heating device; the underground water level adjusting module comprises an underground water level adjusting tank, a second water pipeline, a third water pipeline and a fourth water pipeline; the first monitoring module is used for acquiring an image of the expansive soil slope in real time and calculating based on the image to obtain a surface deformation development process and a displacement monitoring result of the expansive soil slope; the second monitoring module is used for acquiring the internal deformation development process of the expansive soil slope in real time. The invention realizes the influence of the coupling effect of the underground water level and the rainfall on the deformation of the slope for the first time, and has important significance for researching the instability mechanism and the deformation development rule of the expansive soil slope under the action of the atmosphere.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a device and a method for testing instability of a slope with a crack under coupling of rainfall and ground water level.
Background
Expansive soil is a geologic body formed in natural geological processes, which has remarkable swelling and shrinkage and develops cracks, and is very sensitive to environmental changes, particularly damp-heat changes. Due to the characteristics of water absorption, expansion, water loss and shrinkage of the expansive soil, various problems are often caused in engineering construction of the soil area. In engineering practice, engineering accidents caused by the expansive soil occur, such as large deformation problems in the operation period of expansive soil channels of a plurality of irrigation areas and water diversion projects, and along with the operation for a plurality of years, partial shrinkage cracks are formed on the surface soil body of the expansive soil due to the atmospheric circulation, so that the correlation between the groundwater level and the rainfall is higher. In addition, shallow landslides have appeared in small areas of partial areas in seasons where rainfall is large. Because of the more influencing factors, the expansive soil has complex properties, and the deformation mechanism of the large deformation canal slope is not yet explored at present.
At present, although some experiments are conducted to investigate the influence of rainfall and groundwater level on expansive soil slopes: such as field tests, simple earth pillar model tests, slope models, etc. But the field test cannot quantitatively control various influencing factors, and has high cost and long period; the simple soil column test model only considers the influence of rainfall and underground water level, and does not consider the influence of formed cracks in the slope; the slope model does not take into account the effect of high groundwater levels. Therefore, the current research is also limited in the influence of a single factor on the deformation of the expansive soil slope body, and the destabilization mechanism of the expansive soil slope body with cracks under the coupling action of the groundwater level and rainfall is not deeply researched.
Therefore, development of a device for testing the instability of a slope body with cracks under the coupling of rainfall and underground water level is urgently needed to conduct deep research on the shallow instability mechanism of the slope of the expansive soil with cracks under the coupling action of the rainfall and the underground water level.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the technical defects in the prior art, and provide the device and the method for testing the instability of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level, which have simple structures, realize the independent action of the underground water level change and the rainfall and the shallow instability mechanism test of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling action of the two, and remarkably improve the test efficiency; and the influence of the coupling effect of the underground water level and the rainfall on the deformation of the slope body is realized for the first time, and the method has important significance in researching the instability mechanism and the deformation development rule of the wading expansion soil slope body under the atmospheric effect.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a rainfall and groundwater level coupling lower slope instability testing device with a crack, which comprises:
the device comprises a test box, a water inlet, a water outlet, a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein an expansive soil slope is arranged in the test box;
the dry-wet circulation module comprises a rainfall spray head, a first water conveying pipeline, a water storage tank and a heating device, wherein the rainfall spray head is connected with the water storage tank through the first water conveying pipeline, a first valve is arranged on the first water conveying pipeline, and the heating device is arranged between every two rainfall spray heads;
the underground water level adjusting module comprises an underground water level adjusting tank, a second water pipeline provided with a second valve, a third water pipeline provided with a third valve and a fourth water pipeline provided with a fourth valve, wherein the underground water level adjusting tank is connected with the first water pipeline through the second water pipeline, the underground water level adjusting tank is connected with a drain hole of the test box through the third water pipeline, and the underground water level adjusting tank is also connected with an underground water level water supplementing hole of the test box through the fourth water pipeline;
the first monitoring module is used for acquiring the image of the expansive soil slope in real time and calculating to obtain the surface deformation development process and displacement monitoring result of the expansive soil slope based on the image;
and the second monitoring module is used for acquiring the internal deformation development process of the expansive soil slope in real time.
In one embodiment of the invention, the groundwater level adjusting tank is provided with graduations.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first monitoring module includes a photographing device, a supplementary light source, a support, a calibration rod and a tripod, wherein the support is arranged on the tripod, the supplementary light source and the photographing device are arranged on the support, the calibration rod is used for adjusting the horizontal direction of the photographing device, and the photographing device is used for continuously photographing surface images of the expansive soil slope.
In one embodiment of the invention, the second monitoring module includes a plurality of sensors located at different locations of the expansive soil slope.
In one embodiment of the invention, the expansion soil slope further comprises a reverse filtering cushion layer and a supporting layer, wherein the bottom of the expansion soil slope is sequentially provided with the reverse filtering cushion layer and the supporting layer.
In one embodiment of the invention, the support layer is a honeycomb brick.
In one embodiment of the invention, the reverse filter pad comprises pebbles, geotextiles and bedding sand which are sequentially stacked, wherein the bedding sand is arranged towards the expansive soil slope.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of the test chamber is provided with a hydrophobic coating.
In one embodiment of the invention, the number of drain holes is at least one.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for testing the instability of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level, which is realized based on the device for testing the instability of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level, and comprises the following steps:
step S1: building a supporting layer, paving a reverse filtering cushion layer on the supporting layer, and paving an expansive soil slope on the reverse filtering cushion layer;
step S2: opening the first valve and the third valve, closing the fourth valve, uniformly spraying raindrops on the expansive soil slope through the rainfall nozzle, and synchronously starting the second monitoring module to acquire data in the rainfall process;
step S3: after single rainfall is over, starting a heating device to heat the expansive soil slope, and synchronously starting a first monitoring module in the heating process to acquire a surface deformation image of the expansive soil slope in the drying process in real time;
step S4: repeatedly carrying out rainfall and heating steps according to the set dry and wet cycle times to obtain an expansive soil slope with cracks which is subjected to multiple dry and wet cycles;
step S5: opening the second valve, closing the first valve, the third valve and the fourth valve, and injecting water into the underground water level regulating tank through the first water pipeline and the second water pipeline; then closing the second valve, opening the third valve, and adjusting the water level in the underground water level adjusting tank through the fourth water pipeline to enable the liquid level of the underground water level adjusting tank to meet the test requirement;
step S6: and repeatedly carrying out the ground water level adjusting step while rainfall is carried out according to the set ground water level variation parameters so as to complete the rainfall and ground water level coupling effect test, and synchronously starting the first monitoring module and the second monitoring module to work so as to obtain the surface and internal deformation development rules of the crack-contained expansive soil slope in the rainfall and ground water level adjusting process.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the device and the method for testing the instability of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level have the advantages that the structure is simple, the independent effects of the underground water level change and the rainfall and the shallow instability mechanism test of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling effect of the two are realized, and the test efficiency is remarkably improved; the influence of the coupling effect of the underground water level and the rainfall on the deformation of the slope body is realized for the first time, and the method has important significance for researching the instability mechanism and the deformation development rule of the wading expansion soil slope body under the atmospheric effect;
2. according to the device and the method for testing the instability of the slope with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level, provided by the invention, the actual running environment is simulated before the test is carried out, the shrinkage fissure is formed on the shallow layer through the dry-wet circulation, the formation process of the shrinkage fissure of the expansive soil slope is highly reduced, the actual maintenance of the slope with the engineering is consistent, and the test precision is improved.
Drawings
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for testing the instability of a slope body with a slit under the coupling of rainfall and underground water level.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a counter filter mat according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an instrument arrangement in a second monitoring module according to the present invention.
Wherein reference numerals are as follows: 1. expanding the soil slope body; 2. a reverse filtering cushion layer; 3. a support layer; 4. a test chamber; 111. a drain hole; 112. a groundwater level water supplementing hole; 121. a rainfall spray head; 122. a first water pipe; 123. a water storage tank; 124. a heating device; 125. a first valve; 126. a first peristaltic pump; 131. a groundwater level adjusting tank; 132. a second water pipe; 133. a third water delivery pipe; 134. a fourth water pipe; 135. a fifth water pipe; 136. a second valve; 137. a third valve; 138. a fourth valve; 139. a second peristaltic pump; 141. supplementing a light source; 142. a photographing device; 143. a bracket; 144. a calibration rod; 145. a tripod; 151. an inclinometer; 152. a soil pressure gauge; 153. a water content meter; 154. an osmometer; 155. a matrix suction meter; 201. pebbles; 202. geotextile; 203. and (5) cushion sand.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and practice it.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the invention provides a device for testing instability of a slope body with a fissure under coupling of rainfall and underground water level, which comprises a test box 4, a dry-wet circulation module, an underground water level adjusting module, a first monitoring module and a second monitoring module, wherein an expansive soil slope body 1 is arranged in the test box 4, and a drain hole 111 and an underground water level water supplementing hole 112 are arranged at the bottom of the test box 4; the dry-wet circulation module comprises a rainfall spray head 121, a first water conveying pipeline 122, a water storage tank 123 and a heating device 124, wherein the rainfall spray head 121 is connected with the water storage tank 123 through the first water conveying pipeline 122, a first valve 125 is arranged on the first water conveying pipeline 122, and the heating device 124 is arranged between every two rainfall spray heads 121; the underground water level adjusting module comprises an underground water level adjusting tank 131, a second water conveying pipeline 132 provided with a second valve 136, a third water conveying pipeline 133 provided with a third valve 137 and a fourth water conveying pipeline 134 provided with a fourth valve 138, wherein the underground water level adjusting tank 131 is connected with the first water conveying pipeline 122 through the second water conveying pipeline 132, the underground water level adjusting tank 131 is connected with the water draining hole 111 of the test box 4 through the third water conveying pipeline 133, and the underground water level adjusting tank 131 is also connected with the underground water level water supplementing hole 112 of the test box 4 through the fourth water conveying pipeline 134; the first monitoring module is used for acquiring the image of the expansive soil slope body 1 in real time and calculating to obtain the surface deformation development process and displacement monitoring result of the expansive soil slope body 1 based on the image; the second monitoring module is used for acquiring the internal deformation development process of the expansive soil slope body 1 in real time.
The device and the method for testing the instability of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level have the advantages that the structure is simple, the independent effects of the underground water level change and the rainfall and the shallow instability mechanism test of the slope body 1 with the fissure under the coupling effect of the two are realized, and the test efficiency is remarkably improved; and the influence of the coupling effect of the underground water level and the rainfall on the deformation of the slope body is realized for the first time, and the method has important significance in researching the destabilization mechanism and the deformation development rule of the wading expansion soil slope body 1 under the atmospheric effect.
The invention relates to a device for testing the instability of a slope body with a crack under the coupling of rainfall and underground water level, which also comprises a supporting layer 3, wherein the supporting layer 3 is arranged at the bottom of the expansive soil slope body 1. Preferably, the supporting layer 3 is a supporting layer 3 of a cellular brick slope body, and the cellular brick is used as the supporting layer 3 of the expansive soil slope body 1, so that rapid change of the groundwater level is ensured, the slope body is well supported, the occurrence of the problems of wet sinking and the like is avoided, the trouble that the groundwater level of the expansive soil slope body 1 cannot be rapidly changed in the past is solved, and the method has remarkable advantages.
Further, a reverse filtering cushion layer 2 is arranged between the honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3 and the expanded soil slope body 1, the reverse filtering cushion layer 2 comprises pebbles 201, geotechnical cloth 202 and cushion sand 203, the reverse filtering cushion layer 2 can ensure that expanded soil particles of the expanded soil slope body 11 directly flow into the honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3 under the condition of water level fluctuation, so that the slope body is wet, and the phenomenon of surface runoff at the contact interface of the honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3 and the expanded soil slope body 1 can be avoided. Preferably, the bedding sand 203 should be roughened after the laying is completed to increase the adhesion of the bedding sand 203 to the expansive soil slope 1, avoiding landslides at the contact surface. Preferably, the bedding sand 203 should select coarse sand with continuous gradation with fineness modulus between 3.1 and 3.7, so as to reduce the clogging probability of the geotextile 202. Preferably, geotextiles should be added to the bedding sand 203 to increase friction at the interface and avoid landslides at the interface. Preferably, the equivalent pore diameter O90 of the geotextile 202 should be smaller than the effective particle diameter d10 of the soil particles of the expansive soil slope 11, so as to avoid the geotextile 202 clogging.
In summary, the present embodiment uses the reverse filtering cushion layer 2 as the transition layer between the honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3 and the expansive soil layer, and adds the ribs in the sandy soil layer in the reverse filtering cushion layer 2, and performs roughening treatment, so as to increase the friction between the reverse filtering cushion layer 2 and the expansive soil slope body 1, effectively avoid the occurrence of shallow landslide at the interface, and has significant advantages.
The inner surface of the test box 4 is uniformly coated with the hydrophobic coating, so that the water flow is prevented from forming runoff between the contact surface of the expansive soil slope 1 and the test box 4 in the rainfall process by uniformly coating the inner surface of the test box 4 with the hydrophobic coating.
The heating device 124 is arranged at the upper part of the test box 4, and the heating device 124 is used for heating the expansive soil slope 1 in the test box 4 to realize the drying of the expansive soil slope 1; the arrangement of the heating device 124 ensures that the expansive soil slope 1 is uniformly heated, ensures the generation and development of slope cracks, and has better authenticity in the simulation process; preferably, the heating device 124 may employ a long-arc xenon lamp capable of emitting light having a wavelength similar to that of sunlight.
The first water pipe 122 is provided with a first peristaltic pump 126 near the outlet of the water storage tank 123, and the first peristaltic pump 126 and the rainfall nozzle 121 regulate the intensity of rain and uniformly spray out from the rainfall nozzle 121.
The underground water level adjusting tank 131 is provided with scales, and the underground water level of the expansive soil slope 1 can be controlled by accurately acquiring the liquid level of the underground water level adjusting tank 131 through the scales.
The above-mentioned underground water level adjusting tank 131 is used for adjusting the underground water level height of the expansive soil slope 1; the purpose of the water storage tank 123 is to provide a source of water to the rainfall and wet and dry circulation module and the groundwater level conditioning module by a first peristaltic pump 126.
The above-mentioned groundwater level adjusting module further includes a fifth water pipe 135 and a fifth valve, the second peristaltic pump 139 is disposed on the fifth water pipe 135, the fifth water pipe 135 is disposed between the groundwater level adjusting tank 131 and the water storage tank 123, after the second peristaltic pump 139 is opened, the second peristaltic pump 139 is used for circulating the water source in the groundwater level adjusting tank 131 to the water storage tank 123, so as to realize recycling of water resources.
The first monitoring module includes a photographing device 142, a supplementary light source 141, a bracket 143, a calibration rod 144 and a tripod 145, wherein the bracket 143 is disposed on the tripod 145, the supplementary light source 141 and the photographing device 142 are disposed on the bracket 143, the calibration rod 144 is used for adjusting the horizontal direction of the photographing device 142, and the photographing device 142 is used for continuously photographing the surface image of the expansive soil slope 1.
The second monitoring module comprises a miniature inclinometer 151, a soil pressure meter 152, a water content meter 153, an osmometer 154 and a matrix suction meter 155, wherein the miniature inclinometer 151 is arranged at different depths in the expansive soil slope 1 to acquire internal deformation development rules at different positions, the soil pressure meter 152 is arranged at different depths in the expansive soil slope 1 to acquire soil pressure development rules at different positions, and the water content meter 153, the osmometer 154 and the matrix suction meter 155 are arranged together to acquire the volume water content of the soil, the osmotic pressure value and the matrix suction value so as to analyze the relation between slope deformation and rainfall, dry-wet circulation and groundwater level fluctuation. Preferably, the monitoring apparatus used may be selected and arranged according to the point of interest of the researcher. It is preferable to propose that no monitoring instrument be arranged in the range of 30cm around the test chamber 4, which is a boundary affected area, and the acquired test data have low referenceability.
According to the rainfall and groundwater level coupling slope instability testing device with the cracks, the actual running environment is simulated before the test is carried out, and the shrinkage cracks are formed on the shallow layer through the dry-wet circulation, so that the shrinkage crack forming process of the expansive soil slope 1 is highly reduced, the engineering reality is kept consistent, and the test precision is improved.
The device for testing the instability of the split slope body under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level solves the problem that the conventional device cannot acquire the failure mechanism and the deformation development rule of the split expansion soil slope under the coupling of the underground water level and the rainfall, and has remarkable superiority.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the device for testing the instability of the slope with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level, the invention also provides a method for testing the instability of the slope with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level.
Example two
When considering the influence on the instability mechanism and deformation evolution of the cracked expansion soil slope 1 under the action of the change of the underground water level, the method for testing the instability of the cracked slope under the coupling of rainfall and the underground water level provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1: and (3) building a honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3, and filling sand in the hollow middle of the brick body of the building honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3 so as to ensure that stable seepage is formed in the brick body in the later period. The size of the honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3 is shown in figure 3;
step S2: paving a reverse filtering cushion layer 2 on the honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3, paving the reverse filtering cushion layer 2 layer by layer according to pebbles 201, geotextiles 202 and cushion sand 203, determining the thickness of each layer according to the optimal design requirement of the reverse filtering layer, roughening the surface of the paved cushion sand 203, and paving an expansive soil slope body 11;
step S3: opening the first valve 125 and the third valve 137, closing the fourth valve 138 and the fifth valve, starting the first peristaltic pump 126, uniformly rainfall on the expansive soil slope 1 through the rainfall nozzle 121, and synchronously starting the second monitoring module to acquire data in the rainfall process;
step S4: after the single rainfall is over, starting the heating device 124 to heat the expansive soil slope body 1, and synchronously starting the first monitoring module in the heating process to acquire a surface deformation image of the expansive soil slope body 1 in the drying process in real time;
step S5: repeatedly carrying out rainfall and heating steps according to the set dry and wet cycle times to obtain an expansive soil slope body 1 with cracks, which is subjected to multiple dry and wet cycles;
step S6: opening the second valve 136, closing the first valve 125, the third valve 137, the fourth valve 138 and the second peristaltic pump 139, and starting the first peristaltic pump 126 to fill water into the groundwater level adjusting tank 131 through the first water pipe 122 and the second water pipe 132; then the second valve 136 is closed, the third valve 137 is opened, and the water level in the underground water level regulating tank 131 is regulated through the fourth water pipeline 134, so that the liquid level of the underground water level regulating tank 131 meets the test requirement, and the water level of the expansive soil slope 1 meets the test requirement;
step S7: repeatedly carrying out the steps of raising and lowering the groundwater level according to the set groundwater level fluctuation parameters (highest groundwater level, amplitude variation and single change interval) so as to complete a groundwater level fluctuation test; and in the whole process of the underground water level fluctuation, the first monitoring module and the second monitoring module synchronously work and collect data to obtain the action mechanism of the underground water level fluctuation on the surface and the inside deformation of the fractured expansive soil slope body 1.
Example III
When considering the influence of rainfall and groundwater level coupling on the instability mechanism and deformation evolution of the cracked expansive soil slope 1, the method for testing the instability of the cracked slope under the rainfall and groundwater level coupling provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1: and (3) building a honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3, and filling sand in the hollow middle of the brick body of the building honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3 so as to ensure that stable seepage is formed in the brick body in the later period. The size of the honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3 is shown in figure 3;
step S2: paving a reverse filtering cushion layer 2 on the honeycomb brick slope body supporting layer 3, paving the reverse filtering cushion layer 2 layer by layer according to pebbles 201, geotextiles 202 and cushion sand 203, determining the thickness of each layer according to the optimal design requirement of the reverse filtering layer, roughening the surface of the paved cushion sand 203, and paving an expansive soil slope body 1;
step S3: opening the first valve 125 and the third valve 137, closing the fourth valve 138 and the fifth valve, starting the first peristaltic pump 126, uniformly rainfall on the expansive soil slope 1 through the rainfall nozzle 121, and synchronously starting the second monitoring module to acquire data in the rainfall process;
step S4: after the single rainfall is over, starting the heating device 124 to heat the expansive soil slope body 1, and synchronously starting the first monitoring module in the heating process to acquire a surface deformation image of the expansive soil slope body 1 in the drying process in real time;
step S5: repeatedly carrying out rainfall and heating steps according to the set dry and wet cycle times to obtain an expansive soil slope body 1 with cracks, which is subjected to multiple dry and wet cycles;
step S6: opening the second valve 136, closing the first valve 125, the third valve 137, the fourth valve 138 and the second peristaltic pump 139, and starting the first peristaltic pump 126 to fill water into the groundwater level adjusting tank 131 through the first water pipe 122 and the second water pipe 132; then the second valve 136 is closed, the third valve 137 is opened, and the water level in the underground water level regulating tank 131 is regulated through the fourth water pipeline 134, so that the liquid level of the underground water level regulating tank 131 meets the test requirement, and the water level of the expansive soil slope 1 meets the test requirement;
step S7: according to the set ground water level fluctuation parameters (highest ground water level, amplitude variation and single change interval), the ground water level rising and lowering steps are repeated while rainfall is carried out, so that the rainfall and ground water level fluctuation coupling effect test is completed, and the first monitoring module and the second monitoring module synchronously work and collect data in the whole process of rainfall and ground water level fluctuation, so that the surface and internal deformation development rules of the crack-contained expansive soil slope body 1 in the rainfall and ground water level fluctuation process are obtained.
The method for testing the instability of the slope with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level is realized based on the device for testing the instability of the slope with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level, so that the specific implementation of the method can be seen from the part of the embodiment of the method for testing the instability of the slope with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level, and therefore, the specific implementation of the method can be described with reference to the corresponding embodiment of each part and is not further described herein.
In addition, since the method for testing the instability of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level is based on the device for testing the instability of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling of the rainfall and the underground water level, the function of the device corresponds to that of the device, and the description is omitted here.
It is apparent that the above examples are merely examples of experiments performed for clarity of illustration and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rainfall and groundwater level coupling lower band slit slope unstability testing arrangement which characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
the device comprises a test box, a water inlet, a water outlet, a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein an expansive soil slope is arranged in the test box;
the dry-wet circulation module comprises a rainfall spray head, a first water conveying pipeline, a water storage tank and a heating device, wherein the rainfall spray head is connected with the water storage tank through the first water conveying pipeline, a first valve is arranged on the first water conveying pipeline, and the heating device is arranged between every two rainfall spray heads;
the underground water level adjusting module comprises an underground water level adjusting tank, a second water pipeline provided with a second valve, a third water pipeline provided with a third valve and a fourth water pipeline provided with a fourth valve, wherein the underground water level adjusting tank is connected with the first water pipeline through the second water pipeline, the underground water level adjusting tank is connected with a drain hole of the test box through the third water pipeline, and the underground water level adjusting tank is also connected with an underground water level water supplementing hole of the test box through the fourth water pipeline;
the first monitoring module is used for acquiring the image of the expansive soil slope in real time and calculating to obtain the surface deformation development process and displacement monitoring result of the expansive soil slope based on the image;
and the second monitoring module is used for acquiring the internal deformation development process of the expansive soil slope in real time.
2. The device for testing the instability of a split slope under the coupling of rainfall and groundwater level according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the underground water level adjusting tank is provided with scales.
3. The device for testing the instability of a split slope under the coupling of rainfall and groundwater level according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the first monitoring module comprises a shooting device, a supplementary light source, a support, a calibration rod and a tripod, wherein the support is arranged on the tripod, the supplementary light source and the shooting device are arranged on the support, the calibration rod is used for adjusting the horizontal direction of the shooting device, and the shooting device is used for continuously shooting surface images of an expansive soil slope.
4. The device for testing the instability of a split slope under the coupling of rainfall and groundwater level according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the second monitoring module comprises a plurality of sensors which are positioned at different positions of the expansive soil slope body.
5. A rainfall and groundwater level coupling lower slitted slope instability test apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the bottom of the expansive soil slope body is sequentially provided with the reverse filtering cushion layer and the supporting layer.
6. The device for testing the instability of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling of rainfall and underground water level according to claim 5, wherein the device is characterized in that: the supporting layer is a honeycomb brick.
7. The device for testing the instability of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling of rainfall and underground water level according to claim 5, wherein the device is characterized in that: the reverse filtering cushion layer comprises pebbles, geotextiles and cushion sand which are sequentially stacked, wherein the cushion sand faces the expansive soil slope body.
8. The device for testing the instability of a split slope under the coupling of rainfall and groundwater level according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the inner surface of the test chamber is provided with a hydrophobic coating.
9. The device for testing the instability of a split slope under the coupling of rainfall and groundwater level according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the number of the drain holes is at least one.
10. A method for testing instability of a slope with a crack under the coupling of rainfall and underground water level is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is realized based on the device for testing the instability of the slope body with the fissure under the coupling of rainfall and groundwater level according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps:
step S1: building a supporting layer, paving a reverse filtering cushion layer on the supporting layer, and paving an expansive soil slope on the reverse filtering cushion layer;
step S2: opening the first valve and the third valve, closing the fourth valve, uniformly spraying raindrops on the expansive soil slope through the rainfall nozzle, and synchronously starting the second monitoring module to acquire data in the rainfall process;
step S3: after single rainfall is over, starting a heating device to heat the expansive soil slope, and synchronously starting a first monitoring module in the heating process to acquire a surface deformation image of the expansive soil slope in the drying process in real time;
step S4: repeatedly carrying out rainfall and heating steps according to the set dry and wet cycle times to obtain an expansive soil slope with cracks which is subjected to multiple dry and wet cycles;
step S5: opening the second valve, closing the first valve, the third valve and the fourth valve, and injecting water into the underground water level regulating tank through the first water pipeline and the second water pipeline; then closing the second valve, opening the third valve, and adjusting the water level in the underground water level adjusting tank through the fourth water pipeline to enable the liquid level of the underground water level adjusting tank to meet the test requirement;
step S6: and repeatedly carrying out the ground water level adjusting step while rainfall is carried out according to the set ground water level variation parameters so as to complete the rainfall and ground water level coupling effect test, and synchronously starting the first monitoring module and the second monitoring module to work so as to obtain the surface and internal deformation development rules of the crack-contained expansive soil slope in the rainfall and ground water level adjusting process.
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