CN116296738A - Bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device and experiment method thereof - Google Patents
Bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device and experiment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116296738A CN116296738A CN202310553827.4A CN202310553827A CN116296738A CN 116296738 A CN116296738 A CN 116296738A CN 202310553827 A CN202310553827 A CN 202310553827A CN 116296738 A CN116296738 A CN 116296738A
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- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device and an experiment method thereof, which relate to the technical field of industrial part performance test equipment and comprise the following steps: a housing mechanism having a housing space therein; the connecting mechanism is arranged in the accommodating space, and at least one bolt to be tested can be arranged on the connecting mechanism; the heating test mechanism can extend into the accommodating space; the connecting mechanism comprises two connecting units, two ends of the bolt to be tested are respectively connected to the two connecting units, and the heating testing mechanism is used for heating the bolt to be tested and detecting the distance between the two connecting units. The bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device can well simulate the thermal environment of the bolt and test the thermal strain dimensional change of the bolt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial part performance testing equipment, in particular to a bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device and an experiment method thereof.
Background
The high-temperature bolt is an important part of the power station unit, is one of the most important fasteners for maintaining the air tightness of the turbine unit, and directly influences the safety of the unit. Typically, the power plant tightens the crew bolts at normal temperature. As the machine set is started and the temperature rises, the size of the bolt expands or contracts when heated, and the fastening stress rises or falls. If the fastening attractive force is increased, the bolt is easy to fail; if the fastening stress is reduced, steam leakage of the unit is likely to occur.
Generally, laboratories use high temperature creep testers to study metal creep and stress relaxation, where the strain of a metal in a high temperature creep test can be decomposed into high temperature expansion strain and stress tensile strain. The different metals behave differently in the high temperature creep test, most particularly negative creep, i.e. the phenomenon of abnormal stress relaxation with time delay, in which the residual stress of the metal instead tends to rise. This stress relaxation phenomenon is understood to mean that the metal undergoes dimensional shrinkage under high temperature and high stress, and that a greater tensile stress is required to maintain the original dimensions of the metal. Aiming at the characteristics of the high-temperature bolts, quantitative distinction of high-temperature expansion strain and stress tensile strain is urgently needed, and important experimental data are provided for creep test research. However, at present, no device and method which are economical and have practical guiding value and can detect the dimensional changes of the high-temperature bolt in different temperatures and different times in a natural state exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device and a bolt thermal stress simulation experiment method, which can well simulate the thermal environment of a bolt and test the thermal strain dimensional change of the bolt.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device, which comprises:
a housing mechanism having a housing space therein;
the connecting mechanism is arranged in the accommodating space, and at least one bolt to be tested can be arranged on the connecting mechanism;
the heating test mechanism can extend into the accommodating space;
the connecting mechanism comprises two connecting units, two ends of the bolt to be tested are respectively connected to the two connecting units, and the heating testing mechanism is used for heating the bolt to be tested and detecting the distance between the two connecting units.
In a preferred embodiment, the receiving mechanism comprises:
the heating test mechanism can extend into the accommodating space through the heating port, and the heating test mechanism and the heating port are arranged in a sealing manner;
the detachable cover is arranged on the mounting opening, and the periphery of the sealing cover and the periphery of the mounting opening of the accommodating box body are in sealing connection.
In a preferred embodiment, the connecting mechanism further comprises a sliding guide rail;
the connection unit includes:
the sliding block is arranged on the sliding guide rail in a sliding way;
the threaded connecting piece is detachably arranged on the sliding block, and a connecting hole is formed in the threaded connecting piece;
the threaded connectors of the two connecting units are oppositely arranged, so that two ends of the bolt to be tested are connected in the two connecting holes through threads.
In a preferred embodiment, the warming test mechanism comprises:
the electric heating pipe can extend to the lower part of the bolt to be tested through the heating port and is used for heating the bolt to be tested;
the plurality of thermometers can extend to the position of the bolt to be detected through the heating port, and the plurality of thermometers are respectively used for sensing the temperatures of different positions on the bolt to be detected;
and the extensometer can extend to a position between the two sliding blocks through the heating port and is used for sensing the distance between the two sliding blocks.
In a preferred embodiment, a first valve port is formed on one axial end face of the accommodating box body, and a second valve port and a pressure measuring port are formed on the other axial end face of the accommodating box body;
the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device comprises a vacuum ball valve, wherein the vacuum ball valve is arranged on the first valve port in a sealing mode, and the vacuum ball valve can enable vacuum to be formed in the accommodating space.
In a preferred embodiment, the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device comprises a reversing valve, wherein the reversing valve is arranged on the second valve port in a sealing way, and the reversing valve is used for keeping vacuum in the accommodating space or filling experiment gas into the accommodating space.
In a preferred embodiment, the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device further comprises a pressure gauge, wherein the pressure gauge is arranged on the pressure measuring port in a sealing mode, and the pressure gauge is used for measuring the air pressure in the accommodating space.
In a preferred embodiment, the accommodating mechanism comprises an insulating layer, and the insulating layer is arranged on the inner wall of the accommodating box body and the inner wall of the sealing cover plate in a covering manner.
In a preferred embodiment, the containing mechanism comprises an uncovering handle, and the uncovering handle is arranged on the sealing cover plate; the sealing cover plate is arranged on the mounting opening of the accommodating box body in a sealing mode through a plurality of bolts.
An experimental method adopting the bolt thermal stress simulation experimental device described in any one of the above, the experimental method comprising:
stably and fixedly mounting a bolt to be tested on a connecting mechanism in the accommodating space, wherein two ends of the bolt to be tested are respectively connected to two connecting units;
heating the bolt to be tested through a heating test mechanism, and detecting the change of the distance between the two connecting units along with the temperature by using the heating test mechanism in the heating process;
and obtaining the size change rule of the bolt to be tested in a high-temperature environment according to the change of the distance between the two connecting units along with the temperature.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
according to the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device provided by the invention, the connecting mechanism and the accommodating mechanism are arranged, the bolt to be tested is stably fixed in the accommodating space, the bolt is heated through the heating test mechanism, the dimensional change of the bolt can directly act on two connecting units of the connecting mechanism, the heating test mechanism can detect the distance between the two connecting units, so that the dimensional change rule of the high Wen Daice bolt can be obtained under a high-temperature environment, important experimental data can be provided in subsequent creep experiment research, and feedback parameter data can be provided for a further research scheme according to an actual test result. The equipment has simple integral structure, lower manufacturing cost and small occupied area, and is easy to test, carry and maintain daily.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection mechanism of the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view showing the overall structure of the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a side view and a cross section of the whole structure of the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanically or electrically connected, may be in communication with each other in two elements, may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediary, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal stress simulation experiment device for a bolt, including: a housing mechanism 1 having a housing space inside; the connecting mechanism 2 is arranged in the accommodating space, and at least one bolt to be tested can be arranged on the connecting mechanism 2; the heating test mechanism can extend into the accommodating space; the connecting mechanism 2 comprises two connecting units 21, two ends of a bolt to be tested are respectively connected to the two connecting units 21, and the heating testing mechanism is used for heating the bolt to be tested and detecting the distance between the two connecting units 21.
In order to further explain the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device of the embodiment of the invention, the connection relation, the size limitation and the like are further described below, wherein:
in a preferred embodiment, the housing means 1 comprises: the device comprises a containing box body 11, wherein a containing space is formed in the containing box body 11, a mounting opening is formed at the upper end of the containing box body 11, a heating opening 111 is formed at one radial side of the containing box body 11, a heating test mechanism can extend into the containing space through the heating opening 111, and the heating test mechanism and the heating opening 111 are arranged in a sealing mode; the sealing cover plate 12, the detachable cover is set on the mounting mouth, the sealing cover plate 12 is set between the periphery of the mounting mouth of the containing box 11 in a sealing connection.
In a preferred embodiment, the connection mechanism 2 further comprises a sliding guide 22; the connection unit 21 includes: a slide block 211 slidably provided on the slide rail 22; a screw connection member 212 detachably provided on the sliding block 211, the screw connection member 212 being formed with a connection hole; the threaded connectors 212 of the two connecting units 21 are disposed opposite to each other, so that two ends of the bolt to be tested are screwed into the two connecting holes.
In a preferred embodiment, the warming test mechanism comprises: the electric heating tube can extend to the lower part of the bolt to be tested through the heating port 111 and is used for heating the bolt to be tested; the plurality of thermometers can extend to the position of the bolt to be detected through the heating port 111 and are respectively used for sensing the temperatures of different positions on the bolt to be detected; an extensometer, which can extend between the two sliding blocks 211 through the heating port 111, is used to sense the distance between the two sliding blocks 211.
In a preferred embodiment, a first valve port 112 is formed on one axial end face of the accommodating case 11, and a second valve port 113 and a pressure measuring port 114 are formed on the other axial end face of the accommodating case 11; the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device comprises a vacuum ball valve, the vacuum ball valve is arranged on the first valve port 112 in a sealing mode, and the vacuum ball valve can enable the accommodating space to form vacuum.
In a preferred embodiment, the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device comprises a reversing valve, wherein the reversing valve is arranged on the second valve port 113 in a sealing way, and the reversing valve is used for keeping vacuum in the accommodating space or filling experiment gas into the accommodating space.
In a preferred embodiment, the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device further comprises a pressure gauge, wherein the pressure gauge is arranged on the pressure measuring port 114 in a sealing manner, and the pressure gauge is used for measuring the air pressure in the accommodating space.
Referring to fig. 4, in a preferred embodiment, the accommodating mechanism 1 includes an insulating layer 13, and the insulating layer 13 is disposed on an inner wall of the accommodating case 11 and an inner wall of the sealing cover 12.
In a preferred embodiment, the containing mechanism 1 includes an uncap handle 14, the uncap handle 14 being disposed on the seal cover 12.
In a preferred embodiment, the sealing cover 12 is sealingly disposed on the mounting opening of the housing case 11 by a plurality of bolts.
Based on the above structural description, the following experimental method can be performed by using the bolt thermal stress simulation experimental device provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the following beneficial effects are achieved:
1. according to the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the connecting mechanism 2 and the accommodating mechanism 1 are arranged, the bolt to be tested is stably fixed in the accommodating space, the bolt is heated through the heating test mechanism, the dimensional change of the bolt can directly act on the two connecting units 21 of the connecting mechanism 2, in the heating process, the heating test mechanism can obtain the dimensional change rule of the high Wen Daice bolt under a high-temperature environment by detecting the change of the distance between the two connecting units 21 along with the temperature, the important experiment data can be provided in the follow-up creep experiment research, and the feedback parameter data can be provided for a further research scheme according to the actual test result. The equipment has simple integral structure, lower manufacturing cost and small occupied area, and is easy to test, carry and maintain daily.
2. The bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the detachable threaded connecting piece 212, a plurality of threaded connecting pieces 212 with different sizes can be prepared in advance, and the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device can be used for testing bolt samples with different sizes by replacing and installing the threaded connecting pieces 212 with different sizes, so that the universality of the device is improved.
3. The bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention is also provided with the vacuum ball valve, the reversing valve and the like, so that the vacuum ball valve can be used for making the accommodating space vacuum, or the reversing valve can be used for improving the air pressure in the accommodating space, or the reversing valve can be used for filling test gas into the accommodating space so as to test the stress performance of the bolt to be tested under different pressure and gas environments, and the experiment range of the device is improved.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and those skilled in the art may make various modifications and alterations to the embodiments of the present invention based on the disclosure herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device which characterized in that includes:
a housing mechanism having a housing space therein;
the connecting mechanism is arranged in the accommodating space, and at least one bolt to be tested can be arranged on the connecting mechanism;
the heating test mechanism can extend into the accommodating space;
the connecting mechanism comprises two connecting units, two ends of the bolt to be tested are respectively connected to the two connecting units, and the heating testing mechanism is used for heating the bolt to be tested and detecting the distance between the two connecting units.
2. The bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the housing mechanism comprises:
the heating test mechanism can extend into the accommodating space through the heating port, and the heating test mechanism and the heating port are arranged in a sealing manner;
the detachable cover is arranged on the mounting opening, and the periphery of the sealing cover and the periphery of the mounting opening of the accommodating box body are in sealing connection.
3. The bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device according to claim 2, wherein the connecting mechanism further comprises a sliding guide rail;
the connection unit includes:
the sliding block is arranged on the sliding guide rail in a sliding way;
the threaded connecting piece is detachably arranged on the sliding block, and a connecting hole is formed in the threaded connecting piece;
the threaded connectors of the two connecting units are oppositely arranged, so that two ends of the bolt to be tested are connected in the two connecting holes through threads.
4. The bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device according to claim 3, wherein the heating test mechanism comprises:
the electric heating pipe can extend to the lower part of the bolt to be tested through the heating port and is used for heating the bolt to be tested;
the plurality of thermometers can extend to the position of the bolt to be detected through the heating port, and the plurality of thermometers are respectively used for sensing the temperatures of different positions on the bolt to be detected;
and the extensometer can extend to a position between the two sliding blocks through the heating port and is used for sensing the distance between the two sliding blocks.
5. The bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device according to claim 2, wherein a first valve port is formed on one axial end face of the accommodating box body, and a second valve port and a pressure measuring port are formed on the other axial end face of the accommodating box body;
the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device comprises a vacuum ball valve, wherein the vacuum ball valve is arranged on the first valve port in a sealing mode, and the vacuum ball valve can enable vacuum to be formed in the accommodating space.
6. The bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device according to claim 5, wherein the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device comprises a reversing valve, wherein the reversing valve is arranged on the second valve port in a sealing manner, and the reversing valve is used for keeping vacuum in the accommodating space or filling experiment gas into the accommodating space.
7. The device according to claim 6, further comprising a pressure gauge sealingly disposed on the pressure measuring port, the pressure gauge for measuring the air pressure in the receiving space.
8. The device for simulating thermal stress of bolts of claim 2, wherein the housing means comprises a thermal insulation layer, the thermal insulation layer being disposed over the inner wall of the housing and the inner wall of the sealing cover.
9. The bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device according to claim 2, wherein the accommodating mechanism comprises an uncovering handle, and the uncovering handle is arranged on the sealing cover plate; the sealing cover plate is arranged on the mounting opening of the accommodating box body in a sealing mode through a plurality of bolts.
10. An experimental method using the bolt thermal stress simulation experiment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the experimental method comprises:
stably and fixedly mounting a bolt to be tested on a connecting mechanism in the accommodating space, wherein two ends of the bolt to be tested are respectively connected to two connecting units;
heating the bolt to be tested through a heating test mechanism, and detecting the change of the distance between the two connecting units along with the temperature by using the heating test mechanism in the heating process;
and obtaining the size change rule of the bolt to be tested in a high-temperature environment according to the change of the distance between the two connecting units along with the temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310553827.4A CN116296738A (en) | 2023-05-17 | 2023-05-17 | Bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device and experiment method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310553827.4A CN116296738A (en) | 2023-05-17 | 2023-05-17 | Bolt thermal stress simulation experiment device and experiment method thereof |
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| CN116296738A true CN116296738A (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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2023
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Application publication date: 20230623 |