CN113514342A - Creep-fatigue testing device for metal material in high-temperature liquid metal environment - Google Patents
Creep-fatigue testing device for metal material in high-temperature liquid metal environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113514342A CN113514342A CN202110357752.3A CN202110357752A CN113514342A CN 113514342 A CN113514342 A CN 113514342A CN 202110357752 A CN202110357752 A CN 202110357752A CN 113514342 A CN113514342 A CN 113514342A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a creep-fatigue testing device for a metal material in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, which comprises a liquid metal experimental kettle, wherein a standard creep sample is arranged in the liquid metal experimental kettle, an upper shoulder part and a lower shoulder part of the standard creep sample are respectively provided with an upper cover plate and a bottom plate, a corrugated pipe is arranged between the upper cover plate and the bottom plate, and the three parts jointly form a closed cavity; the cavity is connected with a first conduit and a second conduit, and the first conduit is provided with a plug; a leak-proof plate is arranged between the upper cover plate and the bottom plate; the upper cover plate is provided with a step which exceeds the leakage-proof plate by a certain distance, the step is connected with a high-temperature extensometer, and the high-temperature extensometer extends out of the experimental kettle and is connected with a grating sensor; the upper end and the lower end of the standard creep sample are respectively provided with an upper clamp and a lower clamp, and the lower clamp is connected with a base. The device of the invention can measure the creep and creep-fatigue stress-strain curves and the service life of the metal material under the high-temperature liquid metal environment, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, safety, reliability, convenient operation and low price.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material performance testing, and particularly relates to a creep-fatigue testing device for a metal material in a high-temperature liquid metal environment.
Background
The creep and creep-fatigue testing device for the metal material in the high-temperature liquid metal environment is very important, and can be used for testing the extreme mechanical properties of the metal material in the high-temperature liquid metal environment, such as the creep-fatigue tests of the metal materials such as 316LN, 316H, ferritic stainless steel and the like in the typical high-temperature liquid sodium environment, the creep-fatigue tests of the ferritic stainless steel such as 316 type, 304 type, P91 and the like in the high-temperature liquid lead bismuth environment, the high-temperature environment mechanical properties of the metal material in the molten salt environment and the like.
At present, mechanical property testing devices in the high-temperature liquid metal environment in the market are mainly divided into two types, one type is a more classical structure, namely a metal corrugated pipe is adopted to package the whole high-temperature testing system, the inside of the metal corrugated pipe can provide vacuum of a standard creep or creep-fatigue test sample and the high-temperature liquid metal environment, and the other type is a more simple structure, namely the standard creep or creep-fatigue test sample is placed in a cup-shaped structure containing high-temperature liquid metal. The former structure is complex and expensive, and the latter structure is simple, but the danger is large, and the risk of leakage exists. Meanwhile, the two testing devices can be used for measuring creep and creep-fatigue life under the high-temperature liquid metal environment, but the stress-strain curves of the creep and the creep-fatigue of the metal material under the high-temperature liquid metal environment are difficult to measure. Furthermore, lenses and optical micro-displacement sensors for measuring creep characteristics of standard specimens are generally only suitable for use in inert gas or vacuum environments.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a device and a method suitable for creep-fatigue testing of a metal material in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, and to solve the problems of complex structure, serious safety problem and the like of an experimental device while developing a stress-strain curve and a life measurement of creep and creep-fatigue of the metal material in the high-temperature liquid metal environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a creep-fatigue testing device for a metal material under a high-temperature liquid metal environment, which can measure the creep, creep-fatigue stress-strain curve and service life of the metal material under the high-temperature liquid metal environment, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in installation, safety, reliability, convenience in operation and low price.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a creep-fatigue testing device for metal materials in a high-temperature liquid metal environment comprises: the liquid metal testing kettle is internally provided with a standard creep sample, an upper cover plate is arranged on the upper shoulder of the standard creep sample, a bottom plate is arranged on the lower shoulder of the standard creep sample, a corrugated pipe is arranged between the upper cover plate and the bottom plate, and the upper cover plate, the bottom plate and the corrugated pipe jointly enclose a closed cavity; the cavity is connected with a first conduit for adding metal materials and a second conduit for inputting inert protective gas, and the first conduit is provided with a plug for preventing air from entering the cavity;
a leak-proof plate for preventing the liquid metal from leaking is arranged between the upper cover plate and the bottom plate and is positioned at the outer side of the corrugated pipe; the upper cover plate is provided with a step which exceeds the leakage-proof plate by a certain distance, the step is connected with a high-temperature extensometer, and the high-temperature extensometer extends out of the liquid metal experimental kettle and is connected with a grating sensor;
the upper end and the lower end of the standard creep sample are respectively provided with an upper clamp and a lower clamp, and the lower clamp is connected with a base.
Preferably, the device also comprises an electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system, the electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system is connected with two threaded columns, a lifting table is arranged above the two threaded columns, the electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system can drive the threaded columns to rotate, so that the lifting table ascends or descends, the lifting table is connected with a force sensor, and the force sensor is connected with the upper clamp, so that the tensile force or the pressure borne by the standard creep sample can be conveniently measured.
Preferably, the electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system is connected with a loading control system.
Preferably, the device also comprises a temperature control system, wherein the temperature control system is connected with a thermocouple and a heating mechanism, the thermocouple is arranged on the outer side of the corrugated pipe, and the heating mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the liquid metal experimental kettle.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises an oxygen content monitoring instrument for detecting the oxygen content of the liquid metal.
Preferably, the device further comprises a cooling conduit arranged at the periphery of the liquid metal experimental kettle.
Preferably, the lower clamp is provided with a cross bar, and the cross bar is provided with a guide rail for the grating sensor to slide up and down.
Preferably, the second conduit is connected to a supply bottle containing an inert shielding gas.
Preferably, the supply cylinder is an argon cylinder.
Preferably, a buffer tank is also connected to the second conduit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the creep-fatigue testing device for the metal material in the high-temperature liquid metal environment can measure the creep, the creep-fatigue stress-strain curve and the service life of the metal material in the high-temperature liquid metal environment, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in installation, safety, reliability, convenience in operation and low price; the steps reserved at the edge of the upper cover plate of the standard sample are used for mounting a high-temperature displacement extensometer, so that the displacement of the standard creep sample caused by deformation can be conveniently measured; meanwhile, the step is convenient for installation of the leakage-proof plate, so that the safety of the device in the experiment under high temperature and high pressure is guaranteed, the risk of leakage of liquid metal is avoided, and the problems that the traditional structure is complex and is difficult to install additionally and the like are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a creep-fatigue testing apparatus for a metal material in a high-temperature liquid metal environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a liquid metal experimental kettle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-liquid metal experimental kettle, 2-first conduit, 3-second conduit, 4-temperature control system, 5-thermocouple, 6-corrugated pipe, 7-leak-proof plate, 8-standard creep sample, 9-fixing piece, 10-argon bottle, 11-force sensor, 12-electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system, 13-upper clamp, 14-lower clamp, 15-high temperature displacement extensometer, 16-grating sensor, 17-guide rail, 18-cooling conduit, 19-buffer tank, 20-upper cover plate, 21-bottom plate, 22-threaded column, 23-loading control system, 24-fixing rod, 25-lifting platform and 26-base.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
the creep-fatigue testing device for metal materials in a high-temperature liquid metal environment according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, includes: the device comprises a liquid metal experimental kettle 1, wherein a standard creep sample 8 is arranged in the liquid metal experimental kettle 1, an upper cover plate 20 is arranged at the upper shoulder part of the standard creep sample 8, a bottom plate 21 is arranged at the lower shoulder part of the standard creep sample, a thin-wall corrugated pipe 6 is arranged between the upper cover plate 20 and the bottom plate 21, and the upper cover plate 20, the bottom plate 21 and the corrugated pipe 6 jointly enclose a closed cavity; the cavity is connected with a first conduit 2 for adding metal materials and a second conduit 3 for inputting inert protective gas, the first conduit 2 is provided with a plug for preventing air from entering the cavity, and the plug can be a relatively stable bolt plug for plugging the first conduit 2 after the metal materials are filled in, so as to prevent the air from entering. The experimental kettle can be sealed by all-welding, and the interior of the experimental kettle is made of heat-insulating materials.
A leakage-proof plate 7 for preventing liquid metal from leaking is arranged between the upper cover plate 20 and the bottom plate 21, and the leakage-proof plate 7 is positioned at the outer side of the corrugated pipe 6 so as to prevent the high-temperature metal liquid from overflowing to damage the device after the corrugated pipe 6 is broken; the upper cover plate 20 is provided with a step which exceeds the leakage-proof plate 7 by a certain distance, the step is connected with a high-temperature extensometer 15, and the high-temperature extensometer 15 extends out of the liquid metal experimental kettle 1 and is connected with a grating sensor 16.
The upper end and the lower end of the standard creep sample 8 are respectively provided with an upper clamp 13 and a lower clamp 14, and the lower clamp 14 is connected with a base 26 and used for fixing the standard creep sample 8.
Preferably, the device further comprises an electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system 12, the electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system 12 is connected with two threaded columns 22, a lifting table 25 is arranged above the two threaded columns 22, the lifting table 25 is connected with a force sensor 11 used for measuring the loading force borne by the standard creep test sample 8, and the force sensor 11 is connected with the upper clamp 13 so as to be convenient for measuring the tensile force or the pressure borne by the standard creep test sample. The electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system 12 is connected with a loading control system 23 for controlling the waveform of the load (force or displacement). After the loading control system 23 starts the electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system 12, the electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system 12 drives the threaded column 22 to rotate, so that the lifting platform 25 is lifted or lowered, tension is applied to the standard creep test sample 8 during lifting, and pressure is applied to the standard creep test sample 8 during lowering. The middle part of the lifting platform 25 is hollow, the upper clamp 13 is connected with an upper connecting rod, the upper connecting rod penetrates through the middle part of the lifting platform to be connected with the force sensor 11, and the force sensor 11 is fixed on the lifting platform through the fixing piece 9.
Preferably, the device also comprises a temperature control system 4, wherein the temperature control system 4 is connected with a thermocouple 5 and a heating mechanism, the thermocouple 5 is arranged on the outer side of the corrugated pipe 6, and the heating mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the liquid metal experimental kettle 1.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises an oxygen content monitoring instrument for detecting the oxygen content of the liquid metal. An oxygen monitoring instrument may extend into the chamber from the second conduit.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a cooling conduit 18, the cooling conduit 18 being arranged at the periphery of the liquid metal laboratory vessel 1.
Preferably, the lower clamp 14 is provided with a cross bar on which a guide rail 17 for the grating sensor 16 to slide up and down is provided. Further, the bottom plate 21 is also provided with a step which exceeds the leakage-proof plate 7 by a certain distance, the step is connected with a fixing rod 24, and the fixing rod 24 is connected with a cross rod for further fixing the standard creep sample.
Preferably, a supply bottle containing inert protective gas is connected to the second conduit 3. The supply cylinder is an argon cylinder 10. A buffer tank 19 is also connected to the second conduit.
The invention also provides a creep-fatigue testing method for the metal material under the high-temperature liquid metal environment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) before the experiment, in order to accelerate the wetting state of the surface metal, the strict control of the oxygen content in the liquid metal bath is crucial, so that sodium metal particles and high-purity zirconium foil are firstly put into the first conduit, the high-purity zirconium foil is used for eliminating residual dissolved oxygen in the sodium bath, and then the oxygen content in the liquid metal is regulated by quantitatively adding a high-purity metal oxide. And opening the air valve, introducing inert protective gas into the experimental kettle from the second conduit through the metal hose, and closing the air valve of the first conduit when residual air in the experimental kettle is completely discharged after the experimental kettle is filled with the inert gas. The effect of controlling the air pressure can be achieved by continuously filling the inert protective gas.
(2) During the experiment, heat the cavity, make the corrosion experiment medium melt, heat to experiment settlement temperature, carry out the corrosion experiment. A temperature control system is used for controlling a heating mechanism to heat the experimental kettle, and the temperature change in the experimental kettle is mastered through a thermocouple; the force sensor measures parameters such as tensile force or pressure loaded by a standard creep test sample at any time in the experimental process; the high-temperature displacement extensometer, the grating sensor and the guide rail are used for measuring the displacement generated by the standard creep test sample; the loading control system is used for controlling the electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system to provide loads so as to solve the problems of measuring the creep, creep-fatigue stress-strain curves and service life of the metal material in the high-temperature liquid metal environment.
(3) After the experiment, the data of the oxygen content of the metal sodium solution, the stress and the strain of the bolt and the like can be directly read. Meanwhile, the thermocouple, the standard creep sample and the force sensor can be directly taken out for cleaning, so that subsequent experimental work is facilitated.
In conclusion, the design of the invention can utilize the inert gas to carry out the sealing dynamic experiment on the high-temperature and strong-corrosivity liquid metal medium, thereby not only solving the problems of complex structure and high price, but also effectively avoiding the risk of liquid metal leakage. Therefore, the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, safety, reliability, convenient operation, low price and the like in the application aspects of measuring creep, creep-fatigue, stress-strain curves, service life and the like of the metal material in the high-temperature liquid metal environment.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A creep-fatigue testing device for metal materials in a high-temperature liquid metal environment is characterized by comprising: the liquid metal testing kettle is internally provided with a standard creep sample, an upper cover plate is arranged on the upper shoulder of the standard creep sample, a bottom plate is arranged on the lower shoulder of the standard creep sample, a corrugated pipe is arranged between the upper cover plate and the bottom plate, and the upper cover plate, the bottom plate and the corrugated pipe jointly enclose a closed cavity; the cavity is connected with a first conduit for adding metal materials and a second conduit for inputting inert protective gas, and the first conduit is provided with a plug for preventing air from entering the cavity;
a leak-proof plate for preventing the liquid metal from leaking is arranged between the upper cover plate and the bottom plate and is positioned at the outer side of the corrugated pipe; the upper cover plate is provided with a step which exceeds the leakage-proof plate by a certain distance, the step is connected with a high-temperature extensometer, and the high-temperature extensometer extends out of the liquid metal experimental kettle and is connected with a grating sensor;
the upper end and the lower end of the standard creep sample are respectively provided with an upper clamp and a lower clamp, and the lower clamp is connected with a base.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system, wherein the electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system is connected with two threaded columns, a lifting table is arranged above the two threaded columns, the electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system can drive the threaded columns to rotate, so that the lifting table can ascend or descend, and the lifting table is connected with a force sensor connected with the upper fixture and used for measuring the tensile force or pressure borne by the standard creep sample.
3. The apparatus for testing creep-fatigue of a metallic material in a high temperature liquid metal environment according to claim 2, wherein the electro-hydraulic servo pressure supply system is connected with a load control system.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a temperature control system, wherein the temperature control system is connected to a thermocouple and a heating mechanism, the thermocouple is disposed outside the bellows, and the heating mechanism is disposed at the periphery of the liquid metal experimental kettle.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an oxygen content monitor for detecting the oxygen content of the liquid metal.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a cooling conduit disposed around the liquid metal test pot.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lower fixture has a cross bar, and the cross bar has a guide rail for the grating sensor to slide up and down.
8. The apparatus for creep-fatigue testing of a metallic material in a high temperature liquid metal environment according to claim 1, wherein the second conduit is connected to a supply bottle containing an inert shielding gas.
9. The apparatus for testing creep-fatigue of a metallic material in a high temperature liquid metal environment according to claim 8, wherein the supply cylinder is an argon cylinder.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second conduit is further connected to a buffer tank.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110357752.3A CN113514342A (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Creep-fatigue testing device for metal material in high-temperature liquid metal environment |
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| CN202110357752.3A CN113514342A (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Creep-fatigue testing device for metal material in high-temperature liquid metal environment |
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Cited By (2)
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