CN116291938B - Light-weight high-strength engine body of low-carbon combustion engine - Google Patents

Light-weight high-strength engine body of low-carbon combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116291938B
CN116291938B CN202310304207.7A CN202310304207A CN116291938B CN 116291938 B CN116291938 B CN 116291938B CN 202310304207 A CN202310304207 A CN 202310304207A CN 116291938 B CN116291938 B CN 116291938B
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wall
shell
percent
parts
strength
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CN116291938A (en
Inventor
刘军恒
王熙栋
嵇乾
魏明亮
商潭苏
王秀红
马浩然
孙平
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0085Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08Alloys with open or closed pores
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0005Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with at least one oxide and at least one of carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004Cylinder liners
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0021Construction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engine shell manufacturing, in particular to a lightweight high-strength engine body of a low-carbon combustion engine, which comprises an engine body, wherein the engine body comprises a cylinder sleeve wall and a shell side wall, and the cylinder sleeve wall is fixedly connected with the shell side wall through a plurality of connecting ribs; the casing lateral wall includes casing outer wall and shells inner wall, and casing outer wall and shells inner wall are integrated into one piece structure, are equipped with the clearance between casing outer wall and the shells inner wall, and the clearance intussuseption is filled with high-strength light filling body. The invention can achieve the purposes of reducing the body quality and improving the body strength.

Description

Light-weight high-strength engine body of low-carbon combustion engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine shell manufacturing, in particular to a lightweight high-strength engine body of a low-carbon combustion engine.
Background
An engine is a machine that is capable of converting other forms of energy into mechanical energy. In order to effectively reduce the weight of the whole vehicle, aluminum alloy is gradually adopted to replace gray cast iron for casting the engine shell.
Although the weight of the engine housing can be greatly reduced and the running performance of the automobile can be improved, the key core technologies such as the hardness, the tensile strength and the wear resistance of the aluminum material still cannot meet the related technical requirements, and how to reduce the weight of the engine housing on the premise of ensuring the strength becomes a difficulty in the development of the all-aluminum engine, so that a light-weight high-strength engine body of the low-carbon combustion engine is needed to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light-weight high-strength engine body of a low-carbon combustion engine so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the light high-strength engine body of the low-carbon combustion engine comprises an engine body, wherein the engine body comprises a cylinder sleeve wall and a shell side wall, and the cylinder sleeve wall is fixedly connected with the shell side wall through a plurality of connecting ribs; the shell side wall comprises a shell outer wall and a shell inner wall, the shell outer wall and the shell inner wall are of an integrated structure, a gap is formed between the shell outer wall and the shell inner wall, and a high-strength light filling body is filled in the gap.
Preferably, the high-strength light filling body is foamed aluminum.
Preferably, the foamed aluminum comprises, by mass, 50-60 parts of aluminum alloy, 1-20 parts of wrought alloy, 5-8 parts of silicon carbide powder, 5-12 parts of aluminum oxide particles, 5 parts of nitrogen, 5 parts of argon, 10 parts of mullite particles and 5 parts of calcium carbonate powder.
Preferably, the blowing pressure of the nitrogen gas and the argon gas is not less than 0.3MPa.
Preferably, the pore diameter of the air bubble hole of the foamed aluminum is 10-25 mm.
Preferably, a plurality of pits are randomly distributed on the inner side of the outer wall of the shell and the outer side of the inner wall of the shell, and the pits are respectively integrated with the outer wall of the shell and the inner wall of the shell into an integrated structure.
Preferably, the pit height is 1mm plus or minus 0.5mm.
Preferably, the components of the outer wall of the shell and the inner wall of the shell are as follows by mass fraction: 2 to 5 percent of C, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of S, 2.0 to 3.0 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.7 percent of P, 0.5 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 0.4 to 0.8 percent of Cr, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Cu and the balance of iron.
The invention has the following technical effects: during the use, with cylinder jacket wall through a plurality of connecting rods and casing lateral wall rigid coupling, through divide into integrated into one piece's casing outer wall and shells inner wall with the casing lateral wall, be equipped with the clearance between casing outer wall and the shells inner wall, the limit portion casting of casing outer wall and shells inner wall is in the same place, casing outer wall and shells inner wall are cast iron material, with improve organism surface strength, it has high-strength light filling body to fill between casing outer wall and shells inner wall, when guaranteeing bulk strength, be used for substituting the great solid cast iron of quality, only set up the cast iron layer at the internal and external surface of organism, and then the quality of significantly reduced organism improves bulk strength.
Drawings
For a clearer description of an embodiment of the invention or of the solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiment will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a machine body according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2A in accordance with the present invention;
wherein, 1, the organism; 101. a cylinder liner wall; 102. a housing sidewall; 103. a connecting rib; 1021. an outer wall of the housing; 1022. a filler; 1023. an inner wall of the housing; 1024. pitting.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a lightweight high-strength engine body of a low-carbon combustion engine, comprising an engine body 1, wherein the engine body 1 comprises a cylinder sleeve wall 101 and a shell side wall 102, and the cylinder sleeve wall 101 is fixedly connected with the shell side wall 102 through a plurality of connecting ribs 103; the housing side wall 102 includes a housing outer wall 1021 and a housing inner wall 1023, the housing outer wall 1021 and the housing inner wall 1023 are of an integrally formed structure, a gap is provided between the housing outer wall 1021 and the housing inner wall 1023, and a high-strength light-weight filler 1022 is filled in the gap.
When the cylinder sleeve wall 101 is used, the cylinder sleeve wall 101 is fixedly connected with the shell side wall 102 through the connecting ribs 103, the shell side wall 102 is divided into the shell outer wall 1021 and the shell inner wall 1023 which are integrally formed, a gap is formed between the shell outer wall 1021 and the shell inner wall 1023, the edges of the shell outer wall 1021 and the shell inner wall 1023 are cast together, the shell outer wall 1021 and the shell inner wall 1023 are made of cast iron, so that the surface strength of a machine body is improved, a high-strength light filling body 1022 is filled between the shell outer wall 1021 and the shell inner wall 1023, the integral strength is ensured, meanwhile, the cylinder sleeve wall is used for replacing solid cast iron with larger mass, and only a cast iron layer is arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of the machine body, so that the mass of the machine body is greatly reduced, and the integral strength is improved.
Further preferably, the high-strength lightweight filler 1022 is aluminum foam.
The foamed aluminum is formed by adding an additive into pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and then foaming the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy, and has the characteristics of metal and bubbles, so that the foamed aluminum has the characteristics of small density, high impact absorption capacity, high temperature resistance, light weight, high specific stiffness and the like.
According to a further optimization scheme, the foamed aluminum comprises, by mass, 50-60 parts of aluminum alloy, 1-20 parts of forged alloy, 5-8 parts of silicon carbide powder, 5-12 parts of aluminum oxide particles, 5 parts of nitrogen, 5 parts of argon, 10 parts of mullite particles and 5 parts of calcium carbonate powder.
Further optimizing scheme, the blowing pressure of nitrogen and argon is not less than 0.3MPa.
Further optimizing scheme, the pore diameter of the foam aluminum gas cell is 10-25 mm.
When the foamed aluminum material is manufactured, firstly, aluminum alloy and forged alloy are placed in a container at 700+/-20 ℃ to be smelted for 30min to obtain a solution A, then silicon carbide powder is poured into the solution A and is smelted with the solution A for 10min until the silicon carbide powder is completely fused with the solution A to obtain a solution B; then pouring the alumina particles into a solution B, smelting the solution B for 10min until the alumina particles are completely fused with the solution B to obtain a solution C, adding nitrogen and argon into the solution C by a blowing method, and fusing the solution C for 15min until the nitrogen and the argon are completely fused with the solution C to obtain a solution D; then pouring the mullite grains into a solution D, and smelting with the solution D for 15min until the mullite grains are completely fused with the solution D to obtain a solution E; then pouring the calcium carbonate powder into the solution E, and smelting with the solution E for 10min until the calcium carbonate powder is completely fused with the solution E to obtain a solution F; subsequently, the solution F is injected into the gap between the case outer wall 1021 and the case inner wall 1023, and is cooled and solidified, i.e., formed as an integral structure with the case outer wall 1021 and the case inner wall 1023.
In a further optimized scheme, a plurality of pits 1024 are randomly distributed on the inner side of the outer wall 1021 and the outer side of the inner wall 1023, and the pits 1024 are respectively integrated with the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023.
The pits 1024 are in the shape of a frustum, a worm and a dumbbell, and the pits 1024 in the three forms are randomly distributed.
The inner side of the outer wall 1021 and the outer side of the inner wall 1023 of the shell are provided with a plurality of pits 1024 in a random distribution, and the arrangement of the pits 1024 enables the inner side of the outer wall 1021 and the outer side surface of the inner wall 1023 of the shell to be rough, so that the combination capability of the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the shell with foamed aluminum is greatly improved, and the combination of the foamed aluminum with the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the shell is facilitated, so that the integral strength of the machine body is improved.
Further optimizing scheme, the pit 1024 is 1mm + -0.5 mm in height.
Further optimizing scheme, the components of the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the shell are as follows by mass fraction: 2 to 5 percent of C, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of S, 2.0 to 3.0 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.7 percent of P, 0.5 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 0.4 to 0.8 percent of Cr, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Cu and the balance of iron.
The pock 1024 is generated in the following manner: the process for preparing the coating liquid is as follows: 45 parts of diatomite, 25 parts of bentonite, 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 50 parts of water are taken according to parts by weight, bentonite is added into water, soaked for 24+/-2 hours, then added into a stirrer to be stirred for 4+/-1 hour, diatomite is added, stirred for 4+/-1 hour, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is added, and the coating liquid is obtained after uniform stirring.
The prepared coating liquid is then coated on the side wall of the middle part of the mould, and attention is paid not to be coated on the side wall of the side part of the mould.
After repeated brushing for 2-5 times, the mould is heated to 150-450 ℃, the coating liquid remained on the side wall of the middle part of the mould is heated to generate steam to quickly form a uniform cavity in the coating liquid, then the surface of the coating liquid is broken, gas overflows the coating liquid layer to finally form a cavity in the coating liquid layer, after the coating layer is solidified, molten iron with the temperature of 1480-1550 ℃ is transferred into a casting ladle, meanwhile inoculant with the mass of 1.0% is added, the molten iron can be poured into the mould after the dross on the surface of the molten iron is removed, the molten iron flows into the cavity under the action of gravity, and pock 1024 is formed on the inner wall of the outer wall 1021 of the shell and the outer wall of the inner wall 1023 of the shell after cooling crystallization.
The inoculant comprises 75 ferrosilicon.
Embodiment two:
the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the housing are made of the following materials in percentage by mass: si: 6-7%; cu:1 to 2 percent; fe:1 to 2 percent; zn:0.5 to 1 percent; mn:0.05 to 0.10 percent; mg:0.10 to 0.15 percent; ti:0.05 to 0.10 percent; sn:0.02 to 0.03 percent; the balance being aluminum.
S1, the mass percentage of Si: 6-7%; cu:1 to 2 percent; fe:1 to 2 percent; zn:0.5 to 1 percent; mn:0.05 to 0.10 percent; mg:0.10 to 0.15 percent; ti:0.05 to 0.10 percent; sn:0.02 to 0.03 percent; adding the balance of aluminum into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to form a raw material mixture;
s2, adding the raw material mixture into a graphite crucible, controlling the temperature to be 750 ℃, and melting the raw material mixture to form a melt to be cast;
s3, introducing the melt to be cast into a mold for casting, and cooling to obtain an integrated structure of the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the shell;
s4, deburring, shot blasting, side leakage and carbonization cleaning are sequentially carried out on the outer surfaces of the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the shell, and finished products of the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the shell are obtained after drying treatment.
Embodiment III:
the present embodiment is one of application examples of the second embodiment, and the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the housing are made of the following materials in percentage by mass: si:7%; cu:2%; fe:2%; zn:1%; mn:0.10%; mg:0.10%; ti:0.05%; sn:0.02%; the balance being aluminum.
S1, the mass percentage of Si:7%; cu:2%; fe:2%; zn:1%; mn:0.10%; mg:0.10%; ti:0.05%; sn:0.02%; adding the balance of aluminum into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to form a raw material mixture;
s2, adding the raw material mixture into a graphite crucible, controlling the temperature to be 750 ℃, and melting the raw material mixture to form a melt to be cast;
s3, introducing the melt to be cast into a mold for casting, and cooling to obtain an integrated structure of the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the shell;
s4, deburring, shot blasting, side leakage and carbonization cleaning are sequentially carried out on the outer surfaces of the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the shell, and finished products of the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 of the shell are obtained after drying treatment.
Compared with the first embodiment, the quality of the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023 can be further reduced, and then the foam aluminum is injected between the outer wall 1021 and the inner wall 1023, so that the strength is ensured, and the body quality is further reduced.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A low carbon combustion engine lightweight high strength organism, its characterized in that: the engine comprises an engine body (1), wherein the engine body (1) comprises a cylinder sleeve wall (101) and a shell side wall (102), and the cylinder sleeve wall (101) is fixedly connected with the shell side wall (102) through a plurality of connecting ribs (103); the shell side wall (102) comprises a shell outer wall (1021) and a shell inner wall (1023), the shell outer wall (1021) and the shell inner wall (1023) are of an integrated structure, a gap is arranged between the shell outer wall (1021) and the shell inner wall (1023), and a high-strength light filling body (1022) is filled in the gap; the high-strength light filling body (1022) is foamed aluminum; the high-strength light filler (1022) comprises, by mass, 50-60 parts of aluminum alloy, 1-20 parts of forging alloy, 5-8 parts of silicon carbide powder, 5-12 parts of aluminum oxide particles, 5 parts of nitrogen, 5 parts of argon, 10 parts of mullite particles and 5 parts of calcium carbonate powder;
a plurality of pits (1024) are randomly distributed on the inner side of the outer wall (1021) and the outer side of the inner wall (1023) of the shell, and the pits (1024) are respectively integrated with the outer wall (1021) and the inner wall (1023) of the shell into an integrated structure;
the height of the pits (1024) is 1mm plus or minus 0.5mm;
the components of the outer wall (1021) and the inner wall (1023) of the shell are as follows by mass fraction: 2 to 5 percent of C, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of S, 2.0 to 3.0 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.7 percent of P, 0.5 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 0.4 to 0.8 percent of Cr, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Cu and the balance of iron.
2. The low-carbon combustion engine lightweight high-strength body according to claim 1, wherein: the blowing pressure of the nitrogen gas and the argon gas is not less than 0.3MPa.
3. The low-carbon combustion engine lightweight high-strength body according to claim 2, wherein: the pore diameter of the gas bubble hole of the high-strength light filling body (1022) is 10-25 mm.
CN202310304207.7A 2023-03-27 2023-03-27 Light-weight high-strength engine body of low-carbon combustion engine Active CN116291938B (en)

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CN116291938B true CN116291938B (en) 2024-04-12

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN204283639U (en) * 2014-11-26 2015-04-22 重庆三江机械厂 A kind of engine cylinder body combination
CN206636777U (en) * 2017-04-07 2017-11-14 湖北大旗液压有限公司 One kind gear pump case made of iron aluminium composite material
CN110819858A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-02-21 宁波市佳利来机械制造有限公司 Lightweight engine shell and manufacturing method thereof
CN214063155U (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-08-27 常州光星精机有限公司 Engine shell structure of motorcycle

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE60126629T2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2007-11-22 Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn Main bearing cover for an internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN204283639U (en) * 2014-11-26 2015-04-22 重庆三江机械厂 A kind of engine cylinder body combination
CN206636777U (en) * 2017-04-07 2017-11-14 湖北大旗液压有限公司 One kind gear pump case made of iron aluminium composite material
CN110819858A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-02-21 宁波市佳利来机械制造有限公司 Lightweight engine shell and manufacturing method thereof
CN214063155U (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-08-27 常州光星精机有限公司 Engine shell structure of motorcycle

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Inventor after: Liu Junheng

Inventor after: Wang Xidong

Inventor after: Ji Qian

Inventor after: Wei Mingliang

Inventor after: Shang Tansu

Inventor after: Wang Xiuhong

Inventor after: Ma Haoran

Inventor after: Sun Ping

Inventor before: Wang Xidong

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