CN116287877A - Aluminum alloy rod for high-bending-performance aluminum alloy conductor, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Aluminum alloy rod for high-bending-performance aluminum alloy conductor, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN116287877A
CN116287877A CN202310240968.0A CN202310240968A CN116287877A CN 116287877 A CN116287877 A CN 116287877A CN 202310240968 A CN202310240968 A CN 202310240968A CN 116287877 A CN116287877 A CN 116287877A
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aluminum alloy
aluminum
bending
liquid
rod
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宋成
祝军
凌国桢
时佰万
章品书
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Jiangsu Shangshang Cable Group Co Ltd
Jiangsu Shangshang Cable Group New Material Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Shangshang Cable Group Co Ltd
Jiangsu Shangshang Cable Group New Material Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/16Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B3/00Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B3/00Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
    • B21B2003/001Aluminium or its alloys
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy conductors, and particularly discloses an aluminum alloy rod for a high-bending-performance aluminum alloy conductor, and a preparation method and application thereof. The aluminum alloy rod consists of the following elements: fe, cu, mn, si, ni, zn, mg, ti, B, rare earth elements and Al; the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding aluminum ingots into a smelting furnace to melt into aluminum liquid; blowing a refining agent into the aluminum liquid through nitrogen, and sequentially adding an aluminum copper alloy ingot, primary boron aluminum, a magnesium ingot, a rare earth alloy ingot and an aluminum iron alloy ingot into the aluminum liquid, stirring and preserving heat; casting and shaping the obtained aluminum alloy liquid; rolling to form the aluminum alloy rod. The aluminum alloy rod can be used for preparing aluminum alloy conductors. The aluminum alloy rod provided by the application meets the component requirements of the 8030 aluminum alloy rod in GB/T3954-2014, and the produced aluminum alloy monofilament is excellent in bending performance after being twisted and annealed.

Description

Aluminum alloy rod for high-bending-performance aluminum alloy conductor, and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy conductors, in particular to an aluminum alloy rod for an aluminum alloy conductor with high bending property, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The annual copper consumption of the wires and cables in China is huge, the import dependence is 70%, the domestic raw aluminum production capacity is excessive, and the product stock quantity is large. The popularization and application of the aluminum alloy cable product can reduce the consumption of copper, dissolve the electrolytic aluminum productivity, reduce the pressure of electrolytic aluminum stock and improve the effective utilization rate of resources. The aluminum alloy conductor is an emerging conductor material formed by adding rare earth, magnesium, copper, iron and other elements into pure aluminum and performing an alloying process. The conductor of GB/T3956-2008 cable has nominal cross-section of 0.5mm 2 ~2500mm 2 The conductors for the power cable and the flexible wire of (a) are classified into four types, the first type is a solid conductor, the second type is a stranded conductor, the fifth type is a flexible conductor, and the sixth type is a conductor softer than the fifth type, wherein the first type and the second type are used in the fixedly laid cable, and the fifth type and the sixth type are used in the flexible cable and the flexible wire and can also be used for fixedly laid.
The 8030 aluminum alloy conductor belongs to the second type of conductor. The 8030 aluminum alloy rod is made according to aluminum alloy composition specified by American society for testing and materials standard ASTMB800, has the main characteristic of good creep resistance, and is suitable for manufacturing products for electrical use.
The current preparation method for preparing the 8030 aluminum alloy conductor generally comprises the steps of firstly preparing a thicker aluminum alloy rod material through smelting and casting, then drawing the rod material into various aluminum alloy filaments with different diameters according to requirements, twisting the aluminum alloy filaments into an aluminum alloy conductor, and finally softening the aluminum alloy conductor through an annealing process, so that the subsequent processing is facilitated. The advantage of this is that the diameter of the aluminum alloy rod can reach 9-10 mm. Compared with the aluminum alloy filaments with the diameter of 1-3 mm, the aluminum alloy filaments are easy to cast and convenient to store. After the aluminum alloy rod material is manufactured, filaments with various diameters can be arbitrarily drawn, and the processing is particularly convenient. There are a number of problems with doing so. After being drawn into the filament, the physical properties of the filament and the rod material are greatly different due to the change of the crystal structure, and particularly the bending performance cannot meet the requirement of repeatedly dragging and bending the cable during actual installation and laying.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the problem that the current 8030 aluminum alloy conductor cable cannot meet the requirement of repeated dragging and bending in actual installation and laying, the application provides an aluminum alloy rod for an aluminum alloy conductor with high bending performance, and a preparation method and application thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an aluminum alloy rod for high bending performance aluminum alloy conductor, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an aluminum alloy rod for a high-bending-property aluminum alloy conductor comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: fe:0.35 to 0.42 percent, cu:0.15 to 0.19 percent, mn:0.0020 to 0.0025 percent,
Si:0.065%~0.075%,Ni:0.002%~0.003%,Zn:0.003%~0.004%,
Mg:0.0004%~0.0005%,Ti:0.001%~0.002%,B:0.001%~0.002%,
rare earth element: 0.008 to 0.016 percent and the balance of Al.
By optimizing the formula of the aluminum alloy rod, wherein iron can improve the creep resistance and compaction property of the conductor, the problem of relaxation caused by creep is avoided; copper can increase the resistance stability of the alloy at high temperature; magnesium can increase the contact point and have higher tensile strength under the same interfacial pressure.
According to the aluminum alloy rod, the contents of the iron element and the copper element are further optimized, so that the aluminum alloy rod still has good bending performance and conductor conductivity after being subjected to wiredrawing and stranding treatment.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy rod for a high bending performance aluminum alloy conductor, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an aluminum alloy rod for a high-bending-property aluminum alloy conductor comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding aluminum ingot into a melting furnace, setting the temperature of the melting furnace to 700-800 ℃, and further preferably 800 ℃, so that the aluminum ingot is melted into aluminum liquid;
step S2: blowing a refining agent into the aluminum liquid by adopting a combined refining method through nitrogen, adding an aluminum copper alloy ingot, primary boron aluminum, a magnesium ingot, a rare earth alloy ingot and an aluminum iron alloy ingot into the aluminum liquid in sequence, stirring by using permanent magnet stirring equipment, and carrying out heat preservation to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid;
step S3: the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step S2 is firstly sent into a large ladle for impurity filtration, the purity of the aluminum alloy liquid is further improved, then the aluminum alloy liquid is cast into a small ladle for cooling and shaping, an aluminum alloy casting strip is obtained, and the cooling and shaping of the aluminum alloy casting strip can be judged when the temperature of the casting strip is reduced to 520 ℃;
step S4: and (3) introducing the aluminum alloy casting strip obtained in the step (S3) into a rolling mill for rolling, and finally forming the aluminum alloy rod with the target size through 14 rolling processes.
The method adopts a combined refining method, and utilizes nitrogen to blow the refining agent into the aluminum liquid, so as to remove hydrogen and other impurities in the aluminum liquid. The refining agent can go deep into the aluminum liquid and rapidly disperse, so that the contact area with the aluminum liquid is greatly increased, full contact and full reaction to the greatest extent are realized, the effective utilization rate of the refining agent is improved, and meanwhile, nitrogen bubbles can also play a role in degassing, so that the refining effect is obviously improved.
This application adds aluminium liquid with aluminium iron alloy ingot behind other raw materials in reinforced in-process, can avoid producing adsorption between iron element and the permanent magnetism agitated vessel, prevents not even enough of each element dispersion in the aluminium alloy liquid.
Preferably, the stirring treatment in the step S2 includes a first stirring treatment, a standing treatment, and a second stirring treatment, which are sequentially performed.
Through configuration one time of standing treatment in the twice stirring treatment process, can further prevent to produce the adsorption effect between iron element and the permanent magnetism agitated vessel, utilize the time of standing can make iron element desorb from the permanent magnetism agitated vessel, ensure that aluminium liquid and the abundant homogeneous mixing of element of adding.
Preferably, the time of the first stirring treatment and the second stirring treatment is respectively 20-25 min, and the time of the standing treatment is 1-2 min.
By adopting the technical scheme, on the premise of meeting the requirement of more uniform dispersion of each element in the aluminum alloy liquid, the corrosion of the iron element to the aluminum element after long-time stirring treatment is avoided.
Preferably, the temperature of the heat-insulating treatment in the step S2 is 750-800 ℃, more preferably 760 ℃, and the heat-insulating time is 20-25 min, more preferably 20min.
The heat preservation treatment is adopted after the stirring treatment, so that the aim of fully mixing all elements in the aluminum alloy liquid can be achieved.
Preferably, the rare earth alloy ingot is a lanthanum-cerium-rare earth alloy ingot, wherein the mass percentage of cerium element is 60%, the mass percentage of lanthanum element is 39%, and the mass percentage of other mixed rare earth elements is 1%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the rare earth can improve the mechanical property of the alloy, increase the conductivity of the alloy and improve the galvanic corrosion resistance.
Preferably, in the step S4, the equipment and the aluminum alloy rod obtained by rolling are cooled by using an emulsion in the rolling process, the temperature of the emulsion is 40-50 ℃, more preferably 50 ℃, and the injection pressure of the cooling liquid is 0.5-1.0 Mpa, more preferably 0.5Mpa.
By adopting the technical scheme, the surface temperature of the equipment can be reduced, the thermal shock of the aluminum alloy rod material on the surface of the equipment is reduced, and the generation of cracks is reduced; the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the roller can be reduced, the thermal stress of the roller is reduced, and the roller is prevented from being broken; meanwhile, the secondary oxide scales on the surface of the rolled material can be removed, so that the surface of the embedded rolled material is prevented from influencing the surface quality of the rolled material, and the damage of the embedded roll gap to the surface of the roller is prevented; the temperature of the rolled material can be properly controlled, so that the temperature of the rolled material is prevented from being higher and higher, and the performance is prevented from being changed; a lubrication effect can be formed between the rolled material and the equipment, so that the wear resistance of the roller is improved.
Preferably, the amount of the refining agent added is 0.1 to 0.2% by mass of the aluminum liquid, and more preferably 0.1%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the oxide in the aluminum liquid can be effectively removed, the aluminum slag is purified, and the working environment of aluminum alloy melting can be improved.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an application of an aluminum alloy rod, which adopts the following technical scheme:
according to the application of the aluminum alloy rod, the aluminum alloy conductor for the cable core can be formed after the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to wire drawing, stranding and annealing.
By adopting the technical scheme, the produced aluminum alloy conductor monofilament has excellent bending performance, can meet the requirement that the number of times of monofilament bending specified in GB/T31840.1-2015 is more than or equal to 25, and the aluminum alloy cable produced by the aluminum alloy conductor has excellent bending resistance, is more favorable for repeated dragging and bending of the cable during actual installation and laying, and has stronger practicability.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. by optimizing the formula of the aluminum alloy rod, wherein iron can improve the creep resistance and compaction property of the conductor, the problem of relaxation caused by creep is avoided; copper can increase the resistance stability of the alloy at high temperature; magnesium can increase the contact point and have higher tensile strength under the same interfacial pressure.
2. According to the preparation method of the aluminum alloy rod, aluminum iron alloy ingots are added into aluminum liquid after other raw materials are added in the feeding process, so that the adsorption effect between iron elements and permanent magnet stirring equipment can be avoided, and the phenomenon that all elements in the aluminum alloy liquid are dispersed unevenly is prevented. Through configuration one time of standing treatment in the twice stirring treatment process, can further prevent to produce the adsorption effect between iron element and the permanent magnetism agitated vessel, utilize the time of standing can make iron element desorb from the permanent magnetism agitated vessel, and mix with other elements more evenly.
3. The aluminum alloy conductor monofilament produced by the aluminum alloy rod has excellent bending performance, can meet the requirement that the number of times of monofilament bending specified in GB/T31840.1-2015 is more than or equal to 25, has excellent bending resistance, is more favorable for repeated dragging and bending of the cable during actual installation and laying, and has stronger practicability.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The raw materials referred to in the following examples of the present application include:
aluminum ingot: the manufacturer is Shanghai Liujersey international trade company, and the content of aluminum element in the aluminum ingot is more than or equal to 99.80%;
aluminum copper alloy ingot: the manufacturer is Xuzhou city gold Long Lv company, the copper element content in the aluminum copper alloy ingot is more than or equal to 50%, the iron element content is less than or equal to 0.45%, and the silicon element content is less than or equal to 0.20%;
aluminum iron alloy ingot: the manufacturer is Xuzhou city gold Long Lv company, the content of iron element in the aluminum-iron alloy ingot is more than or equal to 10.0 percent, and the content of silicon element is less than or equal to 0.20 percent;
magnesium ingot: the manufacturer is Xuzhou city gold Long Lv company, and the magnesium element content in magnesium ingots is more than or equal to 99.90 percent;
primary boron aluminum: the manufacturer is Xuzhou city gold Long Lv company, the boron content in the primary boron aluminum is 2.50% -3.50%, the iron content is less than or equal to 0.40%, and the silicon content is less than or equal to 0.20%;
rare earth alloy ingot: the manufacturer is Xuzhou city gold Long Lv, the rare earth element in the rare earth alloy ingot is more than or equal to 10 percent, wherein the mass percent of cerium element is about 60 percent, the mass percent of lanthanum element is about 39 percent, and the mass percent of other mixed rare earth elements is about 1 percent. The mass percentage of silicon element in the rare earth alloy ingot is less than or equal to 0.20 percent;
refining agent: the main component is sodium nitrate, and the sodium nitrate content is more than or equal to 99 percent.
Example 1
Example 1 provides an aluminum alloy rod for high-bending-performance aluminum alloy conductors, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: fe:0.35%, cu:0.15%, mn:0.002%, si:0.07%, ni:0.002%, zn:0.004%, mg:0.0004%, ti:0.001%, B:0.001%, rare earth element: 0.01%, the balance being Al.
The raw materials with corresponding weight are prepared according to the proportion, and specifically comprise: aluminum ingot, aluminum copper alloy ingot, primary boron aluminum, magnesium ingot, rare earth alloy ingot, aluminum iron alloy ingot and refining agent.
The preparation process of the aluminum alloy rod for the high-bending-performance aluminum alloy conductor comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding aluminum ingots into a melting furnace, and setting the temperature of the melting furnace to 800 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingots into aluminum liquid;
step S2: blowing a refining agent into the aluminum liquid by adopting a combined refining method through nitrogen, wherein the adding amount of the refining agent is 0.1% of the mass of the aluminum liquid, simultaneously sequentially adding an aluminum copper alloy ingot, a primary boron aluminum alloy ingot, a magnesium ingot, a rare earth alloy ingot and an aluminum iron alloy ingot into the aluminum liquid, carrying out stirring treatment twice, and arranging a standing treatment between the stirring treatments, wherein the time of the first stirring treatment is 20min, the time of the standing treatment is 1min, the time of the second stirring treatment is 20min, and finally carrying out heat preservation treatment at 760 ℃ for 20min to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid;
step S3: the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step S2 is firstly sent into a large ladle for impurity filtration, then is cast into a small ladle for cooling and shaping, and an aluminum alloy casting strip with the width of 60mm and the height of 43mm is obtained, wherein the casting speed is set to control the proportion to 75%, and the temperature of the casting liquid is about 730 ℃;
step S4: and (3) introducing the aluminum alloy casting strip obtained in the step (S3) into a rolling mill for rolling, cooling equipment and the aluminum alloy rod obtained by rolling by adopting emulsion in the rolling process, wherein the temperature of the emulsion is 50 ℃, the spraying pressure of the cooling liquid is 0.5Mpa, and finally forming the aluminum alloy rod with the target diameter of 9.5 mm.
Example 2
Example 2 is identical to the preparation process of example 1, except that: the element proportions are different. The aluminum alloy rod for high bending property aluminum alloy conductor in example 2 is composed of the following elements in mass percent:
fe:0.35%, cu:0.19%, mn:0.002%, si:0.07%, ni:0.002%, zn:0.004%, mg:0.0004%, ti:0.001%, B:0.001%, rare earth element: 0.01%, the balance being Al.
Example 3
Example 3 is identical to the preparation process of example 1, except that: the element proportions are different. The aluminum alloy rod for high bending property aluminum alloy conductor in example 3 is composed of the following elements in mass percent:
fe:0.4%, cu:0.15%, mn:0.002%, si:0.07%, ni:0.002%, zn:0.004%, mg:0.0004%, ti:0.001%, B:0.001%, rare earth element: 0.01%, the balance being Al.
Example 4
Example 4 was identical to the preparation process of example 1, except that: the element proportions are different. The aluminum alloy rod for high bending property aluminum alloy conductor in example 4 is composed of the following elements in mass percent:
fe:0.42%, cu:0.15%, mn:0.002%, si:0.07%, ni:0.002%, zn:0.004%, mg:0.0004%, ti:0.001%, B:0.001%, rare earth element: 0.01%, the balance being Al.
Example 5
Example 5 is identical to the preparation process of example 1, except that: the element proportions are different. The aluminum alloy rod for high bending property aluminum alloy conductor in example 5 is composed of the following elements in mass percent:
fe:0.4%, cu:0.19%, mn:0.0025%, si:0.075%, ni:0.003%, zn:0.003%, mg:0.0005%, ti:0.002%, B:0.002%, rare earth element: 0.008% and the balance Al.
Example 6
Example 6 was identical to the preparation process of example 1, except that: the element proportions are different. The aluminum alloy rod for high bending property aluminum alloy conductor in example 6 is composed of the following elements in mass percent:
fe:0.4%, cu:0.19%, mn:0.0025%, si:0.065%, ni:0.003%, zn:0.003%, mg:0.0005%, ti:0.002%, B:0.002%, rare earth element: 0.016 percent and the balance of Al.
Example 7
Example 7 is identical to example 1 in the proportions of the elements, except that: step S2 of the preparation process is different. Step S2 of example 7 is specifically as follows:
adopting a combined refining method, blowing a refining agent into aluminum liquid through nitrogen, simultaneously sequentially adding aluminum copper alloy ingots, primary boron aluminum, magnesium ingots, rare earth alloy ingots and aluminum iron alloy ingots into the aluminum liquid, and carrying out stirring treatment twice and arranging standing treatment between the stirring treatments twice, wherein the time of the first stirring treatment is 25min, the time of the standing treatment is 1min, the time of the second stirring treatment is 25min, and finally carrying out heat preservation treatment at 760 ℃ for 20min to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
Example 8
Example 8 is identical to example 1 in the elemental proportions, except that: step S2 of the preparation process is different. Step S2 of example 8 is specifically as follows:
adopting a combined refining method, blowing a refining agent into aluminum liquid through nitrogen, simultaneously sequentially adding aluminum copper alloy ingots, primary boron aluminum, magnesium ingots, rare earth alloy ingots and aluminum iron alloy ingots into the aluminum liquid, carrying out stirring treatment twice and arranging standing treatment between the stirring treatments twice, wherein the time of the first stirring treatment is 25min, the time of the standing treatment is 2min, the time of the second stirring treatment is 25min, and finally carrying out heat preservation treatment at 760 ℃ for 20min to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
Example 9
Example 9 is identical to example 1 in the elemental proportions, except that: step S2 of the preparation process is different. Step S2 of example 9 is specifically as follows:
adopting a combined refining method, blowing a refining agent into aluminum liquid through nitrogen, simultaneously adding aluminum copper alloy ingots, primary boron aluminum, magnesium ingots, rare earth alloy ingots and aluminum iron alloy ingots into the aluminum liquid in sequence, carrying out stirring treatment twice and arranging standing treatment between the stirring treatments twice, wherein the time of the first stirring treatment is 20min, the time of the standing treatment is 1min, the time of the second stirring treatment is 25min, and finally carrying out heat preservation treatment at 760 ℃ for 20min to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
Example 10
Example 10 is identical to example 1 in the elemental proportions, except that: step S2 of the preparation process is different. Step S2 of example 10 is specifically as follows:
adopting a combined refining method, blowing a refining agent into aluminum liquid through nitrogen, simultaneously adding aluminum copper alloy ingots, primary boron aluminum, magnesium ingots, rare earth alloy ingots and aluminum iron alloy ingots into the aluminum liquid in sequence, carrying out stirring treatment twice and arranging standing treatment between the stirring treatments twice, wherein the time of the first stirring treatment is 20min, the time of the standing treatment is 1min, the time of the second stirring treatment is 25min, and finally carrying out heat preservation treatment at 760 ℃ for 20min to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
Example 11
Example 11 is identical to example 1 in the proportions of the elements, except that: step S2 of the preparation process is different. Step S2 of example 11 is specifically as follows:
adopting a combined refining method, blowing a refining agent into aluminum liquid through nitrogen, simultaneously sequentially adding aluminum copper alloy ingots, primary boron aluminum, magnesium ingots, rare earth alloy ingots and aluminum iron alloy ingots into the aluminum liquid, and carrying out stirring treatment twice and arranging standing treatment between the stirring treatments twice, wherein the time of the first stirring treatment is 20min, the time of the standing treatment is 2min, the time of the second stirring treatment is 20min, and finally carrying out heat preservation treatment at 760 ℃ for 20min to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides an 8030 aluminum alloy rod. Comparative example 1 was identical to the preparation process of example 1, except that: the element proportions are different. The 8030 aluminum alloy rod in comparative example 1 consists of the following elements in mass percent: fe:0.45%, cu:0.20%, mn:0.003%, si:0.09%, ni:0.003%, zn:0.005%, mg:0.0008%, ti:0.005%, B:0.003%, rare earth element: 0.01%, the balance being Al.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides an 8030 aluminum alloy rod. Comparative example 2 was identical to the preparation process of example 1, except that: the element proportions are different. The 8030 aluminum alloy rod in comparative example 2 consists of the following elements in mass percent: fe:0.55%, cu:0.25%, mn:0.004%, si:0.12%, ni:0.005%, zn:0.007%, mg:0.0012%, ti:0.008%, B:0.005%, rare earth element: 0.01%, the balance being Al.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is identical to example 1 in the elemental composition, except that: step S2 of the preparation process is different. Step S2 of comparative example 3 is specifically as follows:
adopting a combined refining method, blowing a refining agent into aluminum liquid through nitrogen, simultaneously sequentially adding an aluminum-iron alloy ingot, an aluminum-copper alloy ingot, primary boron aluminum, a magnesium ingot and a rare earth alloy ingot into the aluminum liquid, carrying out stirring treatment twice and arranging a standing treatment between the stirring treatments, wherein the time of the first stirring treatment is 20min, the time of the standing treatment is 1min, the time of the second stirring treatment is 20min, and finally carrying out heat preservation treatment at 760 ℃ for 20min to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is identical to example 1 in the elemental composition, except that: step S2 of the preparation process is different. Step S2 of comparative example 4 is specifically as follows:
adopting a combined refining method, blowing a refining agent into aluminum liquid through nitrogen, simultaneously sequentially adding aluminum copper alloy ingots, aluminum iron alloy ingots, primary boron aluminum, magnesium ingots and rare earth alloy ingots into the aluminum liquid, and carrying out stirring treatment twice and arranging a standing treatment between the stirring treatments twice, wherein the time of the first stirring treatment is 20min, the time of the standing treatment is 1min, the time of the second stirring treatment is 20min, and finally carrying out heat preservation treatment at 760 ℃ for 20min to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 is identical to example 1 in the elemental composition, except that: step S2 of the preparation process is different. Step S2 of comparative example 5 is specifically as follows:
and blowing a refining agent into the aluminum liquid by adopting a combined refining method through nitrogen, sequentially adding an aluminum copper alloy ingot, a primary boron aluminum ingot, a magnesium ingot, a rare earth alloy ingot and an aluminum iron alloy ingot into the aluminum liquid, stirring, wherein the stirring time is 40min, and finally, carrying out heat preservation at 760 ℃ for 20min to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 is identical to example 1 in the elemental composition, except that: step S2 of the preparation process is different. Step S2 of comparative example 6 is specifically as follows:
sequentially adding an aluminum copper alloy ingot, a primary boron aluminum ingot, a magnesium ingot, a rare earth alloy ingot, an aluminum iron alloy ingot and a refining agent into aluminum liquid, stirring twice, and arranging a standing treatment between the stirring twice, wherein the time of the first stirring treatment is 20min, the time of the standing treatment is 1min, the time of the second stirring treatment is 20min, and finally, carrying out heat preservation treatment at 760 ℃ for 20min to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
Application example
Aluminum alloy rods 9.5mm in diameter prepared in examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 6 above were used to prepare 120mm, respectively 2 Aluminum alloy conductor and 240mm 2 An aluminum alloy conductor. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. and (3) wiredrawing: drawing the aluminum alloy rods prepared in the examples 1-11 and the comparative examples 1-6 by an aluminum large drawing machine to obtain nominal 2.90mm and 2.85mm aluminum alloy monofilaments for standby, wherein each disc of monofilament is about 3.5km;
B. twisting: 120mm 2 The aluminum alloy conductor is regularly twisted by adopting 1+6+12, a monofilament with the nominal diameter of 2.85mm is used, the inner diameter size of a 1+6 compacting die is 8.1mm, the size of a +12 compacting die is 13.4mm, the twisting pitch diameter ratio of the inner layer of the conductor is 25 times, the twisting pitch diameter ratio of the outer layer of the conductor is 12 times, and the twisted wire speed is 20m/min;240mm 2 The aluminum alloy conductor is normally stranded by adopting 1+6+12+18, a monofilament with the nominal diameter of 2.90mm is used, the internal diameter of a 1+6 compacting die is 8.2mm, the internal diameter of the +12 compacting die is 13.4mm, the internal diameter of the +18 compacting die is 18.6mm, the internal stranding pitch ratio of the conductor is 25 times, the external stranding pitch ratio is 12 times, and the stranding speed is 16m/min;
C. annealing: 120mm 2 And 240mm 2 The aluminum alloy conductors respectively use hollow annealing discs with 1 disc cylinder diameter of 2.0m, and each disc is provided with 3km conductors; using well annealing furnacesAnnealing, namely respectively placing the two plates of conductors into two annealing furnaces, wherein the annealing temperature is set to be 330 ℃ and 120mm 2 The temperature rise time of the aluminum alloy conductor is 1.5 hours, the heat is preserved for 4 hours after the temperature is raised to 330 ℃, the furnace is powered off after the heat preservation is finished, and the pot is closed for 0.5 hour; 240mm 2 The temperature of the aluminum alloy conductor is raised for 1.5 hours, the temperature is kept for 5 hours after the temperature is raised to 330 ℃, the furnace is powered off after the temperature is kept, and the pot is closed for 0.5 hours; opening the furnace door after the pot is closed, taking out two plates of conductors, and cooling for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain 120mm 2 And 240mm 2 An aluminum alloy conductor.
Performance detection
And respectively carrying out bending performance test, tensile performance test and conductivity test on the annealed aluminum alloy conductors with the two specifications in the application example. 120mm 2 The bending performance test results of the aluminum alloy conductor are shown in Table 1, 120mm 2 Tensile properties and conductivity test results of the aluminum alloy conductors are shown in Table 3, 240mm 2 The bending performance test results of the aluminum alloy conductor are shown in Table 2, 240mm 2 Tensile properties and conductivity test results of the aluminum alloy conductors are shown in Table 4.
The test method is as follows:
1. bending properties
Taking 5 filaments with the length of 1.5m from each specification of aluminum alloy conductor, wherein the length is 120mm 2 3 monofilaments are taken as the outermost layer of the aluminum alloy conductor, 1 filament is taken as the secondary outer layer, and 1 filament is taken as the central layer; 240mm 2 2 monofilaments are taken as the outermost layer of the aluminum alloy conductor, 1 filament is taken as the secondary outer layer, 1 filament is taken as the secondary inner layer, and 1 filament is taken as the central layer. Each monofilament was equally divided into 5 segments of 30cm each. And placing each section of monofilament in a test device of a motorized bending tester, wherein the bending speed is adjusted to 60 times/min, a bending die is 7.5mm in diameter of a bending cylinder, the distance from the top surface of a support to the bottom surface of a guide block is 25mm, and the diameter of a deflector rod hole is 3.5mm. Each segment of monofilament was subjected to a bending test, and the results of 5 tests were averaged.
2. Tensile Properties
And testing the tensile strength and the breaking elongation of the single filament of the conductor center layer by using a tensile testing machine.
3. Conductivity of conductor:
the conductivity of the conductor is measured using the bridge method.
TABLE 1 flexural Properties (120 mm) 2 Aluminum alloy conductor
Figure BDA0004124102720000091
Figure BDA0004124102720000101
TABLE 2 flexural Properties (240 mm) 2 Aluminum alloy conductor
Figure BDA0004124102720000102
Figure BDA0004124102720000111
TABLE 3 tensile Properties and conductivity (120 mm) 2 Aluminum alloy conductor
Figure BDA0004124102720000112
TABLE 4 tensile Properties and conductivity (240 mm) 2 Aluminum alloy conductor
Figure BDA0004124102720000121
As can be seen from the results of example 1 and comparative examples 1-2, the aluminum alloy rods of comparative examples 1 and 2 have higher contents of iron and copper than those of example 1, and although the aluminum alloy conductors produced from the aluminum alloy rods of comparative examples 1-2 have mechanical properties satisfying general requirements, the bending properties still fail to satisfy the requirement that the number of times of bending filaments is equal to or greater than 25 times, and the resulting aluminum alloy conductors have a conductivity of < 61.0% IACS.
As can be seen from the results of example 1 and comparative examples 3 to 4, in the course of adding the raw materials in step S2, comparative examples 3 and 4 did not add the aluminum-iron alloy ingot in the final step, resulting in failure to meet the requirement that the number of times of bending of monofilaments is not less than 25 times, and the resulting aluminum alloy conductor has a conductivity of < 61.0% IACS.
As can be seen from the results of example 1 and comparative example 5, in which the standing treatment between the stirring treatments was canceled in step S2, the bending property of the obtained aluminum alloy rod could not satisfy the requirement that the number of times of bending of the monofilament was not less than 25 times, and the conductivity of the obtained aluminum alloy conductor was < 61.0% IACS.
As can be seen from the results of example 1 and comparative example 6, comparative example 6 did not employ the combined refining process in step S2, and the resulting aluminum alloy conductor had a conductivity of < 61.0% IACS.
Therefore, on the premise that the component requirement of the 8030 aluminum alloy rod in GB/T3954-2014 is met, the produced aluminum alloy monofilament is subjected to stranding annealing, the bending performance of the monofilament is excellent, the requirement that the bending frequency of the monofilament specified in GB/T31840.1-2015 is more than or equal to 25 times can be met, the bending resistance of the aluminum alloy cable produced by the aluminum alloy conductor is excellent, repeated dragging and bending of the cable during actual installation and laying are facilitated, and the practicability is higher.
The present embodiment is merely illustrative of the present application and is not intended to be limiting, and those skilled in the art, after having read the present specification, may make modifications to the present embodiment without creative contribution as required, but is protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. The aluminum alloy rod for the high-bending-property aluminum alloy conductor is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by mass:
Fe:0.35%~0.42%,Cu:0.15%~0.19%,Mn:0.0020%~0.0025%,
Si:0.065%~0.075%,Ni:0.002%~0.003%,Zn:0.003%~0.004%,
Mg:0.0004%~0.0005%,Ti:0.001%~0.002%,B:0.001%~0.002%,
rare earth element: 0.008% -0.016% and the balance of Al.
2. A method for producing the aluminum alloy rod for high bending property aluminum alloy conductor according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step S1: adding aluminum ingots into a melting furnace, and setting the temperature of the melting furnace to 700-800 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingots into aluminum liquid;
step S2: blowing a refining agent into the aluminum liquid by adopting a combined refining method through nitrogen, adding an aluminum copper alloy ingot, primary boron aluminum, a magnesium ingot, a rare earth alloy ingot and an aluminum iron alloy ingot into the aluminum liquid in sequence, stirring by using permanent magnet stirring equipment, and carrying out heat preservation to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid;
step S3: the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step S2 is firstly sent into a large ladle for impurity filtration, then is cast into a small ladle for cooling and shaping, and an aluminum alloy casting strip is obtained;
step S4: and (3) introducing the aluminum alloy casting strip obtained in the step (S3) into a rolling mill for rolling to form the aluminum alloy rod with the target size.
3. The method for producing an aluminum alloy rod for a high-bending-property aluminum alloy conductor according to claim 2, wherein the stirring treatment in step S2 comprises a first stirring treatment, a standing treatment, and a second stirring treatment performed in this order.
4. The method for producing an aluminum alloy rod for a high-bending-property aluminum alloy conductor according to claim 3, wherein the time for the first stirring treatment and the second stirring treatment is 20 to 25 minutes, respectively, and the time for the standing treatment is 1 to 2 minutes.
5. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy rod for the high-bending-property aluminum alloy conductor according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation treatment in the step S2 is 750-800 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 20-25 min.
6. The method for producing an aluminum alloy rod for high bending property aluminum alloy conductors according to claim 2, wherein the rare earth alloy ingot is a lanthanum-cerium-rare earth alloy ingot, and wherein the mass percentage of cerium element is 60%, the mass percentage of lanthanum element is 39%, and the mass percentage of other misch metal elements is 1%.
7. The method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod for a high-bending-performance aluminum alloy conductor according to claim 2, wherein in the step S4, an emulsion is used for cooling equipment and the aluminum alloy rod obtained by rolling in the rolling process, the temperature of the emulsion is 40-50 ℃, and the injection pressure of the cooling liquid is 0.5-1.0 mpa.
8. The method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod for a high-bending-property aluminum alloy conductor according to claim 2, wherein the addition amount of the refining agent is 0.1% -0.2% of the mass of the aluminum liquid.
9. Use of an aluminium alloy rod according to claim 1, wherein the aluminium alloy rod is drawn, stranded and annealed to form an aluminium alloy conductor for a cable core.
CN202310240968.0A 2023-03-14 2023-03-14 Aluminum alloy rod for high-bending-performance aluminum alloy conductor, and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN116287877A (en)

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