CN116287711A - Smelting method and equipment for continuous blowing and refining of cupronickel sulfonium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a smelting method and equipment for continuous blowing and refining of cupronickel sulfonium, the equipment comprises a furnace body, a blowing area is arranged in the furnace body, a feed inlet is arranged on one side of the blowing area, a refining oxidation chamber is arranged on the downstream of the blowing area, a refining reduction chamber is arranged on the downstream of the refining oxidation chamber, a copper discharge opening is arranged on the other side of the refining reduction chamber, a main partition wall is arranged between the blowing area and the refining oxidation chamber, a first communication hole is formed in the main partition wall, and the first communication hole is obliquely communicated to the middle part of the refining oxidation chamber from the bottom of the blowing area. The invention completes copper matte converting and blister copper fire refining in one device, thus realizing continuous operation.

Description

Smelting method and equipment for continuous blowing and refining of cupronickel sulfonium

Technical Field

The invention relates to continuous converting and refining of white copper matte, in particular to a smelting method and equipment for continuous converting and refining of white copper matte.

Background

Copper matte (also called matte) is a product of copper smelting, and the main components of copper, iron and sulfur. The purpose of copper matte converting is to oxidize and remove iron and sulfur in the copper matte to produce blister copper with 98.5% -99.5% copper, and rare noble metals such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium and the like enter the blister copper. Copper matte produced by smelting has a very low copper content for a long time, generally about 50%. Over 90% of copper matte in the world is blown by a PS converter, and needs to be periodically operated in two stages of slag formation and copper production, and SO is caused by the periodic operation ₂ The flue gas is discontinuous, copper matte is added into the converter through a crane, the automation level is low, a charging port frequently emits smoke, the operation environment is poor, and the service lives of a furnace lining refractory material and a tuyere are short.

The modern smelting process can directly produce high-grade white copper matte in the smelting stage, and the main component of white copper matte is Cu ₂ S, pure Cu ₂ S copper content theory is 79.9%. The copper content of the white matte is about 75%, the iron content is less than 2%, the sulfur content is about 20%, and the white matte is directly copper-making without a slag-making period in the converting process, so that the requirements of continuous converting production of qualified blister copper can be completely met. The existing continuous converting method mainly comprises two major types, namely flash converting, wherein the flash converting is matched with flash smelting, white copper matte produced by flash smelting is subjected to wind water quenching and granulating, then is dried and sprayed into a flash converting furnace to convert to produce crude copper, and the defects are that the process is complex, the flow is long, and a residual anode cannot be added into the furnace. Another type is molten pool converting, multi-gun top converting, and molten white copper matte produced by smelting is continuously fed through chuteFlowing into a molten pool converting furnace, automatically adding residual anode into the furnace through a lifting machine, adding flux limestone, blowing oxygen-enriched air into the furnace through a spray gun, and adding O in the oxygen-enriched air ₂ Rapidly and violently oxidizing Fe and S in copper matte, wherein most of Fe is combined with CaO to form calcium ferrite slag after being oxidized to form FeO (CaO-Fe is adopted in a converting stage slag system of Mitsubishi method) ₃ O ₄ -Cu ₂ O system), the blister copper formed by blowing is sunk into the lower part of the furnace body in a layering way, and then flows into the anode furnace through the siphon inlet and the chute. Cold charge is added to adjust the furnace temperature if necessary.

Although copper matte converting achieves continuous operation, the fire refining of blister copper has been a periodic operation. The chemical reaction process of fire refining is divided into two stages of oxidation and reduction, sulfur is oxidized and volatilized in the oxidation stage, impurities such as zinc, lead, antimony, nickel, arsenic, tin and the like are oxidized and slagging and removed, and Cu generated by peroxidation is reduced in the reduction stage ₂ O is reduced to Cu, and the oxygen content in the anode copper is reduced. The time for one refining cycle takes 8-24 hours, typically around 12 hours. Including feeding, melting, oxidation, reduction, and anode casting. Because the copper matte converting adopts converter converting at the moment, the converter converting is also a periodic operation, the converting and refining period is difficult to match, and the period is prolonged because of the need of repeated feeding and waiting for material heat preservation. The time for oxidation in one refining cycle is 1.5-2 hours, the time for reduction is 0.5-1.5 hours, and the actual oxidation and reduction times are only 2.0-3.5 hours. Most of the time is used for charging (0.5-1 hour), keeping the temperature of the material for 4.5-16 hours, pouring slag (0.5 hour) and casting (4-4.5 hours). The raw copper is conveyed and fed by adopting a crane and a ladle, and the automation level is very low.

Along with the popularization and application of the continuous converting technology, the fire refining process of the blister copper is changed, and the main change is that the liquid blister copper automatically flows into an anode furnace without crane and ladle conveying and feeding. One converting furnace is provided with two anode furnaces, the two anode furnaces alternately operate, the operation period is generally 12 hours, when one anode furnace is fed, the other anode furnace is subjected to oxidation, reduction and casting, and one operation period still has 3-4 hours of waiting time.

Before the invention is proposed, the copper matte converting and the blister copper fire refining are integrated by the existing enterprises, and are completed in a bottom blowing furnace. It has the following drawbacks: firstly, it requires 2 furnaces for periodic alternating operation, still intermittent operation, with a period of 12 hours, and when one anode furnace is fed, the other anode furnace is subjected to oxidation, reduction and casting. And secondly, stopping blowing when the oxidation stage is converted into the reduction stage or the reduction stage is finished, and rotating the bottom blowing furnace to replace the spray gun.

The Chinese patent publication No. CN105039738B discloses a coarse copper fire refining furnace and refining method thereof, the treated material is coarse copper, the obtained product is anode copper, the anode copper consists of a shaft furnace and a converter, a connecting boss is radially communicated with the lower part of the shaft furnace, the connecting boss is coaxially connected with the converter, the converter coaxially rotates on the connecting boss of the shaft furnace, and a liquid flow port formed by the connecting boss of the shaft furnace is communicated with a converter hearth. The invention adopts a shaft furnace-tilting converter structure, separates oxidation and reduction processes, realizes the continuity of production process, improves the production efficiency, can achieve larger productivity by using a device with smaller size, and greatly reduces the purchase cost of equipment. The patent discloses a continuous refining furnace which comprises a refining oxidation zone and a refining reduction zone, wherein an oxidation burner is arranged in the refining oxidation zone, and a reduction burner is arranged in the refining reduction zone. However, the invention adopts a converter for reduction refining, a shaft furnace for oxidation refining, a refining oxidation zone and a refining reduction zone are communicated by adopting a horizontal liquid outlet, and the patent mentions that an oxidation burner nozzle is higher than the liquid outlet. The Chinese patent with publication number of CN105039738B is essentially different, and only relates to one procedure of refining the blister copper, and the Chinese patent relates to two procedures of blowing white copper matte and refining the blister copper: one process of the patent is completed in two devices of a shaft furnace and a converter, and the two processes of the patent are completed in one continuous blowing continuous refining furnace. This patent is more advanced.

The Chinese patent with publication number of CN104894377B discloses a top-blowing side-blowing continuous smelting device and a top-blowing side-blowing continuous smelting method, wherein a first smoke outlet, a top-blowing opening and a charging opening for charging raw materials and fluxes into an oxidation zone are arranged on the top wall of a furnace chamber opposite to the oxidation zone, a second smoke outlet is arranged on the top wall of the furnace chamber opposite to a reduction zone, a discharge opening is arranged on the bottom wall or the side wall of the oxidation zone, and a side-blowing opening and a slag outlet are arranged on the side wall of the reduction zone; a top-blowing lance for injecting fuel and oxygen-containing gas into the first slag layer of the oxidation zone, the top-blowing lance being provided at the top-blowing port, an outlet of the top-blowing lance being immersed in the first slag layer of the oxidation zone; and a side-blowing lance for injecting fuel, air and a reducing agent into the second slag layer of the reduction zone, the side-blowing lance being provided at the side-blowing port. This patent relates to converting and does not relate to refining. There is no continuous refining involved nor is there a combination of converting and refining. The materials treated by the Chinese patent with publication number of CN104894377B are copper concentrate and the like, and the obtained product is crude metal of copper.

Chinese patent publication No. CN210215497U discloses a one-step copper smelting apparatus in which a smelting zone and a converting zone are partitioned by a partition wall. This patent relates only to smelting and processing and does not relate to refining. There is no continuous refining involved nor is there a combination of converting and refining.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a smelting method and equipment for continuous blowing and refining of white copper matte, which aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and the smelting method and equipment can finish copper matte blowing and blister copper fire refining in one device, realize continuous operation and ensure the purity of anode copper.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a smelting equipment of cupronickel matte continuous converting and refining, includes the furnace body, be equipped with the converting district in the furnace body, one side of converting district is equipped with the charge door, the low reaches of converting district is equipped with the refining oxidation chamber, the low reaches of refining oxidation chamber is equipped with the refining reduction chamber, the opposite side of refining reduction chamber is equipped with the copper discharge mouth, be provided with main partition wall between converting district and the refining oxidation chamber, first communication hole has been seted up in the main partition wall, first communication hole follow converting district bottom slope intercommunication extremely the middle part of refining oxidation chamber.

The equipment can finish continuous converting and continuous refining simultaneously, and is divided into two areas, wherein one area is a converting area, and the other area is a refining area. The refining area is divided into two chambers, one section close to the converting area is an oxidation chamber, and the other section close to the anode copper discharge outlet is a reduction chamber. A first partition wall is arranged between the converting area and the refining area, a plurality of first communication holes are formed in the first partition wall, the communication holes are inclined holes with lower inlet and higher outlet, and the raw copper is siphoned and lifted to the upper part of the refining oxidation chamber from the bottom of the converting area by utilizing the melt pressure balance principle. One end of the furnace body is provided with a charging hole, and the liquid white copper matte flows into the furnace. The other end is provided with a copper discharge port, and the liquid anode copper is discharged from the copper discharge port to cast the anode plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure that the refining oxidation chamber is fully reacted, a side-blown oxidation lance is installed in the refining oxidation chamber, and the first communication hole is positioned at the outlet height of the refining oxidation chamber higher than the height of the side-blown oxidation lance. So that the air opening of the side-blown oxidation spray gun stretches into the melt of the blister copper layer.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the height of the main partition is at least 2m above the melt surface of the converting zone. The blowing area adopts top blowing, and the solution splashes higher, in order to prevent cupronickel sulfonium from flying into the refining oxidation chamber, and the main partition wall sets up higher, but leaves enough space with the furnace roof, allows upper portion gaseous phase intercommunication, and the flue gas is discharged from same flue.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a side-blowing reduction spray gun is arranged on the side surface of the refining reduction chamber, a secondary partition wall is arranged between the refining oxidation chamber and the refining reduction chamber, and a second communication hole is formed in the secondary partition wall. The peroxygen anode copper generated in the refining oxidation chamber flows into the refining reduction chamber through the second communication hole for reduction.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second communication hole is communicated obliquely from the bottom of the refining oxidation chamber to the middle of the refining reduction chamber.

A secondary partition wall is arranged between the oxidation chamber and the reduction chamber of the refining zone, a plurality of second communication holes are formed in the secondary partition wall, the communication holes are inclined holes with lower inlet and higher outlet, and the peroxy anode copper is siphoned up from the bottom of the oxidation chamber to the upper part of the reduction chamber by utilizing the melt pressure balance principle.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure sufficient reaction of the refining reduction chamber, the second communication hole is located at a lower level of the outlet of the refining reduction chamber than the level of the side-blown reduction lance. So that the air port of the side-blown reduction spray gun extends into the melt of the peroxy anode copper layer.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the height of the secondary partition is at least 1m above the melt surface of the refining oxidation chamber. The refining area adopts a side blowing spray gun to splash less, and the components of melt at two sides of the partition wall are similar, so the partition wall is lower.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a refractory material working layer and a refractory material heat dissipation layer are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the furnace body from top to bottom, and a thermocouple is arranged between the refractory material working layer and the refractory material heat dissipation layer.

The furnace bottom refractory material lining is of a heat dissipation type structure and made of materials, the refractory material working layer contacting the melt has good high-temperature performance, the refractory material heat dissipation layer contacting the furnace shell has good heat conduction performance, a thermocouple is arranged between the working layer and the heat dissipation layer, the temperature of the thermocouple is controlled to be about 600 ℃, the melt is prevented from penetrating into the refractory material, and the service life of the refractory material lining is prolonged. The melting point of the white copper matte is 1000.6 ℃, the melting point of copper is 1083.4 ℃, and the upper surface of the refractory lining working layer must be lower than 1000 ℃ so that the metal solution does not penetrate into the refractory. The lower surface of the working layer must be below 600-700 c, as calculated.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the furnace body is of an arc-shaped structure, the outer side of the furnace body is supported by a steel skeleton, and an elastic structure is arranged between the steel skeleton and the refractory material working layer as well as between the steel skeleton and the refractory material heat dissipation layer.

Because the accumulated expansion amount and expansion force of the refractory material of the large kiln are huge, if the accumulated expansion amount and expansion force are not eliminated in time, the refractory material is extruded and broken, and phenomena such as floating bottom or cracking and the like occur, so that melt leakage is caused. The furnace body shell is elastically restrained. The furnace shell and the upright post are propped by adopting a belleville spring group with a sleeve, when the refractory material expands, the spring is compressed, and when the spring is compressed to a certain amount, the nut is required to be adjusted. The expansion and stress of the refractory lining are precisely controlled through the steel skeleton and the disc spring group, so that the refractory is prevented from being damaged due to expansion.

The furnace bottom steel shell is of a ship-shaped structure consistent with the arc degree of the inner layer inverted arch, and is provided with a forced air blasting air jacket cooling system, and the air quantity is adjusted according to the temperature between the working layer and the heat dissipation layer.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the top of the converting zone is provided with a rotatable liftable top-blowing lance. For blowing oxygen enriched air towards the surface of the melt. The height of the air port can be adjusted by lifting up and down, and the air port can automatically rotate.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottom level of the converting zone is higher than the bottom level of the refining oxidation chamber, which is higher than the bottom level of the refining reduction chamber. The refining zone is provided with a high-low furnace bottom and a deep-shallow furnace hearth, and the furnace hearth of the reduction chamber is deeper. The furnace bottom is of different height and decreases in the direction of melt flow.

The invention also discloses a smelting method for continuously converting and refining the white copper matte, which comprises the following steps of:

s1, adding white copper matte through a feed port, entering a converting area to start converting, and forming a blister copper phase by generated copper;

s2, the crude copper phase flows into a refining oxidation chamber to be oxidized, metal impurities except copper are oxidized into oxide to be removed through slagging, and meanwhile, peroxy anode copper is generated;

s3, the peroxy anode copper flows into a refining reduction chamber for reduction, and qualified anode copper is generated and discharged through a copper discharge port;

the copper content of the cupronickel matte is more than 75 percent, and the iron content is less than 2 percent.

For stability of anode copper quality, the requirements of the white copper matte are properly improved. The continuous furnace of the invention can only process cupronickel matte containing more than 75% copper, and generally containing less than 2% iron. This is the most basic component requirement of white copper matte, and is too low to affect anode copper quality. Practice in copper-smelting enterprises has proven that this requirement is fully fulfilled.

The feeding, top-blowing oxidation iron removal and desulfurization, side-blowing oxidation impurity removal and reduction deoxidation are simultaneously and continuously carried out in a furnace, and the melt is respectively slag layer, white copper matte, blister copper and anode copper from top to bottom. The slag layer comprises blowing slag and refining slag, the thickness of the slag layer is generally 100-150mm, liquid Bai Tongliu continuously flows into the continuous blowing continuous refining furnace from the blowing furnace, oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the top blowing spray gun to penetrate through the slag layer, and the oxygen-enriched air and iron and sulfur in the cupronickel matte undergo severe oxidation reaction to release a large amount of heat. At the same time as the iron and sulfur are oxidized, a small portion of the zinc, lead, antimony, nickel, arsenic, tin and other impurities may be oxidized into the slag phase. However, because iron has a higher affinity for oxygen than other impurities and a higher concentration in the melt, and thus a higher activity of iron, iron oxidizes to form FeO in preference to impurities such as zinc, lead, antimony, nickel, arsenic, tin, etc., and the FeO reacts with CaO in the flux to form calcium ferrite into the slag phase. Copper is oxidized to form Cu ₂ O, then Cu ₂ O and Cu ₂ S reacts to form Cu and SO ₂ The converting process is completed and a blister copper phase is formed. And (3) spraying oxygen-enriched air into the liquid blister copper melt by a side-blowing spray gun to further oxidize and remove impurities such as zinc, lead, antimony, nickel, arsenic, tin and the like, and spraying a reducing agent near an anode copper discharge outlet to remove redundant oxygen. And (5) continuously flowing out qualified anode copper through a siphon channel, and casting the anode plate. The smelting method which divides blowing and refining into two procedures for a long time is changed, and the smelting method which periodically operates the steps of anode copper fire refining feeding, melting, oxidation, reduction and casting is also changed.

The liquid white copper matte produced from the smelting furnace directly and continuously flows into the smelting device through the charging hole, the oxygen-enriched air sprayed by the top-blowing spray gun passes through the slag layer and is blown to the white copper matte layer, and the oxygen-enriched air and iron and sulfur in the white copper matte layer undergo a severe oxidation reaction to release a large amount of heat, the iron is oxidized to generate FeO, and then the FeO is combined with CaO to form calcium ferrite slag to enter a slag phase, and the calcium ferrite slag phase is used for Fe ₂ O ₃ The solubility of the product is much higher than that of iron silicate slag, and oxygen-enriched blowing is adopted in the continuous blowing process, so that peroxidation is easy to generateFe ₂ O ₃ To avoid Fe ₂ O ₃ The crystal is separated out, the calcium ferrite slag phase is generally adopted, and the limestone is added as a flux, so that the calcium ferrite is formed and enters the slag phase. Sulfur oxidation SO ₂ And entering the flue gas. Cu (Cu) ₂ O and Cu ₂ S generates interactive reaction to generate Cu and SO ₂ . The continuously produced copper sinks into the hearth to form a blister copper phase.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the essence of the invention is that the blowing of the white copper matte and the fire refining of the blister copper are integrated, two working procedures are simultaneously and continuously completed in one device, continuous operation is realized, the smelting mode of periodic operation of anode copper refining is changed, the production efficiency is improved, and the production period is shortened.

The invention is mainly characterized in that the continuous blowing of the white copper matte and the continuous fire refining of the blister copper are simultaneously realized in one device. Endpoint control of reduction O in copper bath ₂ The copper is reduced to below 0.2 percent, so that anode copper containing more than 99.1 percent of Cu is obtained and is sunk into the lower part of the deep hearth and continuously discharged through a siphon discharge outlet for casting. The continuous operation is adopted, and the parameters of the reduced copper liquid are basically consistent with those of the copper liquid prepared by common refining. The present invention has significant progress in the industry generally recognizes that there is a concern that this index is not achieved after the converting and refining processes are combined, but is not achieved even after continuous operation.

The invention innovates a special movement route of the melt in the furnace, so that the chemical components of the melt in different areas and at different heights in the same area are different, and the purposes of continuous impurity removal and continuous purification in the movement process of the melt are realized. The reaction end point of the copper liquid is changed from static control to dynamic control in the periodic operation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1.

Wherein, 1, a charging port; 2. top-blowing spray gun 3, side-blowing oxidation spray gun 4, anode scrap adding port 5, sandwich copper water jacket 6, steel skeleton 7, copper discharge port 8, slag discharge port 9, converting slag discharge port 10, refractory material 11, furnace bottom cooling air duct 12, belleville spring group 13, main partition wall 14, secondary partition wall 15, plug-in sleeve spray gun 16, furnace body 17, converting area 18, oxidation chamber 19, reduction chamber 20, first communication hole 21, side-blowing reduction spray gun 22, second communication hole.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention includes a furnace body 16, a converting area 17 is disposed in the furnace body 16, a feed inlet 1 is disposed on one side of the converting area 17, an oxidation chamber 18 is disposed on the other side of the converting area 17, a reduction chamber 19 is disposed on the other side of the oxidation chamber 18, a copper discharge port 7 is disposed on the other side of the reduction chamber 19, a main partition wall 13 is disposed between the converting area 17 and the oxidation chamber 18, a first communication hole 20 is disposed in the main partition wall 13, and the first communication hole 20 is obliquely connected from the bottom of the converting area 17 to the middle of the oxidation chamber 18.

The oxidation chamber 18 is provided with a side-blown oxidation spray gun 3, and the first communication hole 20 is positioned at the outlet height of the oxidation chamber 18 lower than the height of the side-blown oxidation spray gun 3. The height of the main partition wall 13 is at least 2m above the melt surface of the converting zone 17.

A side-blowing reduction spray gun 21 is installed on the side of the reduction chamber 19, a secondary partition wall 14 is arranged between the oxidation chamber 18 and the reduction chamber 19, and a second communication hole 22 is formed in the secondary partition wall 14. The second communication hole 22 is communicated obliquely from the bottom of the oxidation chamber 18 to the middle of the reduction chamber 19. The second communication hole 22 is located at a lower level of the outlet of the reduction chamber 19 than the side-blown reduction lance 21. The height of the secondary partition 14 is at least 1m above the melt surface of the oxidation chamber 18.

The furnace bottom of the furnace body 16 is sequentially provided with a refractory material working layer and a refractory material heat dissipation layer from top to bottom, and a thermocouple is arranged between the refractory material working layer and the refractory material heat dissipation layer.

The smelting device integrating converting and refining into a whole is a vertical rectangular double-connected furnace, a rotatable lifting top-blowing spray gun is arranged at the top of a converting area, and a plurality of oxidation spray guns and reduction spray guns are arranged at different heights on two sides of an oxidation chamber and a reduction chamber of the refining area and used for spraying oxygen-enriched air. The side surface of the furnace is provided with a slag discharge port. At the boundary of the high furnace bottom and the low furnace bottom, 2 partition walls are arranged to divide the furnace into 3 areas, a main partition wall 13 divides the furnace chamber into a converting area and a refining area, and a secondary partition wall 14 divides the refining area into an oxidation chamber and a reduction chamber. In the invention, the ratio of the length of the converting area 17 to the length of the oxidation chamber 18 is 1.2:1, and the length of the oxidation chamber 18 is 4-5 times that of the reduction chamber 19, so that the oxidation chamber 18 can fully react.

Molten white copper matte produced by smelting continuously flows into a continuous blowing continuous refining furnace through a chute, a corresponding quantity of flux limestone is added into the furnace through a flux adding port arranged at the furnace top, oxygen-enriched air containing 30% of oxygen is blown into the melt in the furnace through a spray gun 1 arranged at the furnace top, O2 in the oxygen-enriched air rapidly undergoes a violent oxidation reaction with Fe and S in the copper matte, most of Fe is combined with CaO to form calcium ferrite slag after being oxidized to form FeO, fe/CaO is controlled to be 2.0-2.5, the formed slag floats to the upper surface of the melt along with the movement of the melt, and is periodically discharged through an overflow slag discharging port. The blowing temperature is 1250-1300 ℃, and when the temperature is too high, the anode scrap or cold material is added for adjustment.

The invention sets 3 spray guns which are positioned in 3 different areas to work simultaneously, and each spray gun has irreplaceable functions. The top blowing spray gun is positioned in the converting area for converting copper matte, the oxidation spray gun is positioned in the oxidation chamber of the refining area for oxidizing and removing impurities of coarse copper, oxygen-enriched air is mainly sprayed, and a small amount of flux (quartz stone, limestone and the like) is also sprayed by the plug-in sleeve spray gun when necessary. The reduction spray gun is positioned in the reduction chamber of the refining zone, and the molten pool of the reduction zone is reduced by 100-150mm, so that the installation position of the reduction spray gun is lower than that of the oxidation spray gun by 100-150mm, thereby being beneficial to ensuring that the anode copper meets the requirement of oxygen content of less than 0.2%. Because the plug-in sleeve spray gun is convenient to meter, is flexible to replace and is flexible to operate, the plug-in sleeve spray gun is plugged into the reduction spray gun to provide the reducing agent for deoxidizing the peroxy anode copper, (wherein the top-blowing spray gun ZL201921141213.0, the side-blowing spray gun ZL201420130047.5 and the sleeve spray gun ZL200920066397.9 are all patented by the company and are patent products of the company). The inserted sleeve spray gun is used for spraying flux and reducing agent, and is convenient to measure and flexible to operate. The device is matched with an oxygen-enriched spray gun, the external diameter of the device is slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the oxygen-enriched spray gun by 1-2mm, the device is specially used for spraying reducing agent, flux and the like into a furnace, and the device is clamped on the oxygen-enriched spray gun by rotating for a certain angle after being inserted into the oxygen-enriched spray gun, so that the device is quite convenient to assemble and disassemble. The inserted sleeve spray gun is divided into an inner sleeve layer and an outer sleeve layer, the central tube is used for conveying jet gas or powdery fuel, and the annular tube is used for conveying air or oxygen-enriched air.

The top blowing spray gun and the oxidation spray gun are provided with air locking ball valves, when the spray gun conveys oxygen-enriched air, the steel balls fall down, and the steel balls are propped against the bushing by utilizing wind pressure, so that air is not leaked. When the sleeve spray gun (or steel drill) is inserted, the steel ball is lifted upwards, and the sleeve spray gun (or steel drill) can be inserted into the furnace. The gun barrel of the oxygen-enriched spray gun is made of high-temperature-resistant cast steel and is provided with water cooling protection.

The reducing agent can be gas or powder solid, and air or oxygen-enriched air must be injected simultaneously to convert methane in natural gas into CO and H ₂ When pulverized coal is used, C can be converted into CO. The actual injected oxygen amount is about 50% of the theoretical calculated oxygen amount, so that the generated gas is CO, and stable reducing atmosphere is always maintained in a local area near the anode copper outlet, thereby ensuring that the oxygen content of the anode copper is lower than 0.2%.

The furnace bottom of the furnace body 16 is of a ship-shaped structure, a furnace shell is supported and arranged on the outer side of the furnace body 16 through a steel skeleton 6, and an elastic structure is arranged between the steel skeleton 6 and the refractory material working layer as well as between the steel skeleton and the refractory material heat dissipation layer. The furnace body is of an integral elastic constraint structure, and the expansion and stress of the refractory lining are precisely controlled through the steel skeleton and the belleville spring group, so that the refractory is prevented from being damaged due to expansion. The furnace bottom of the invention is of an arc-shaped inverted arch structure, and is provided with an air duct cooling system, and forced cooling is carried out by the air of a fan (or draft) with adjustable air quantity. The working temperature of the furnace bottom refractory material is not higher than 600 ℃, the melt is prevented from penetrating into the refractory material, and the service life of the refractory material lining is prolonged.

The invention combines copper matte converting and blister copper fire refining into a whole, completes two procedures in one step in one device, and realizes continuous operation. The reaction end point of the copper liquid is changed from static control to dynamic control in the periodic operation.

The invention innovates a special movement route of the melt in the furnace, so that the chemical components of the melt in different areas and at different heights in the same area are different, and the purposes of continuous impurity removal and continuous purification in the movement process of the melt are realized.

Claims (10)

1. Smelting equipment of continuous converting of cupronickel matte and refining, characterized by includes furnace body (16), be equipped with converting zone (17) in furnace body (16), one side of converting zone (17) is equipped with charge door (1), its characterized in that, the low reaches of converting zone (17) are equipped with oxidation chamber (18), the low reaches of oxidation chamber (18) are equipped with reduction chamber (19), the opposite side of reduction chamber (19) is equipped with copper bar mouth (7), be provided with main partition wall (13) between converting zone (17) and oxidation chamber (18), first communication hole (20) have been seted up in main partition wall (13), first communication hole (20) follow converting zone (17) bottom slope intercommunication to the middle part of oxidation chamber (18).

2. Continuous smelting equipment for direct production of anode copper from white copper matte according to claim 1, characterized in that a side-blown oxidation lance (3) is installed in the oxidation chamber (18), and that the first communication hole (20) is located at an outlet height of the oxidation chamber (18) lower than the height of the side-blown oxidation lance (3).

3. Continuous smelting plant for direct production of anode copper from white copper matte according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the main partition wall (13) is at least 2m above the melt surface of the converting zone (17).

4. A continuous smelting equipment for directly producing anode copper from white copper matte according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that a side-blowing reduction spray gun (21) is installed on the side of the reduction chamber (19), a secondary partition wall (14) is arranged between the oxidation chamber (18) and the reduction chamber (19), and a second communication hole (22) is formed in the secondary partition wall (14).

5. Continuous smelting plant for direct production of anodic copper from white copper matte according to claim 4, characterized in that the second communication hole (22) communicates obliquely from the bottom of the oxidation chamber (18) to the middle of the reduction chamber (19).

6. Continuous smelting plant for direct production of anode copper from white copper matte according to claim 5, characterized in that the second communication hole (22) is located at a lower level at the outlet of the reduction chamber (19) than the level of the side-blown reduction lance (21).

7. Continuous smelting plant for direct production of anodic copper from white copper matte according to claim 4, characterized in that the height of the secondary partition wall (14) is at least 1m above the melt surface of the oxidation chamber (18).

8. A continuous smelting device for directly producing anode copper from white copper matte according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that a refractory material working layer and a refractory material heat dissipation layer are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (16) from top to bottom, and a thermocouple is arranged between the refractory material working layer and the refractory material heat dissipation layer.

9. A continuous smelting device for directly producing anode copper from white copper matte according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the furnace bottom of the furnace body (16) is of an arc-shaped structure, the outer side of the furnace body (16) is supported by a steel skeleton (6) and provided with a furnace shell, and an elastic structure is arranged between the steel skeleton (6) and the refractory material working layer and between the steel skeleton and the refractory material heat dissipation layer.

10. A smelting method for continuously converting and refining cupronickel matte is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, adding white copper matte through a feed port, entering a converting area to start converting, and forming a blister copper phase by generated copper;

s2, the crude copper phase flows into a refining oxidation chamber to be oxidized, metal impurities except copper are oxidized into oxide to be removed through slagging, and meanwhile, peroxy anode copper is generated;

s3, the peroxy anode copper flows into a refining reduction chamber for reduction, and qualified anode copper is generated and discharged through a copper discharge port;

the copper content of the cupronickel matte is more than 75 percent, and the iron content is less than 2 percent.

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