CN116275305A - Needle gear shell machining device, needle gear shell machining process and needle gear shell - Google Patents
Needle gear shell machining device, needle gear shell machining process and needle gear shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN116275305A CN116275305A CN202310124575.3A CN202310124575A CN116275305A CN 116275305 A CN116275305 A CN 116275305A CN 202310124575 A CN202310124575 A CN 202310124575A CN 116275305 A CN116275305 A CN 116275305A
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010862 gear shaping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a needle gear shell processing device, a needle gear shell processing technology and a needle gear shell, wherein the needle gear shell processing device comprises a first transition disc, a second transition disc and a zero point positioning base, wherein the first transition disc is connected with the second transition disc; the first transition disc is used for mounting the needle gear housing; the second transition disc is connected with a zero point positioning base through a fixing piece, wherein the zero point positioning base is arranged on the table top; the table top comprises a table top of a vertical gear grinding machine, an internal tooth gear grinding machine or a machining center; the fixing piece comprises a blind rivet; the zero point positioning base is concentric with the rotary table top, wherein the jumping of the central hole is not higher than 0.0025mm; the circular runout of the inner hole of the first transition disc is not higher than 0.0025mm; the inner hole of the first transition disc is in clearance fit with the outer circle of the needle gear shell, and the clearance is within 0.05mm. The processing device and the processing technology provided by the invention can ensure concentricity of the processing surface, greatly reduce clamping time of each procedure, reduce finishing allowance and reduce processing time; the processing precision is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a needle gear shell processing technology and device of an RV reducer, in particular to a needle gear shell processing device, a needle gear shell processing technology and a needle gear shell, and belongs to the technical field of RV reducer processing and manufacturing.
Background
The RV reducer has the advantages of small size, light weight, stable transmission, no impact, no noise, high motion precision, large transmission ratio, high bearing capacity and the like, and is widely applied to industries such as electronics, aerospace, robots and the like. The RV reducer has a complex structure and comprises a needle gear shell, a planet carrier, three crankshafts, cycloidal gears, needle bearings arranged between the crankshafts and the planet carrier, bearings arranged between eccentric gears and the cycloidal gears on the crankshafts, and two pairs of bearings arranged between the needle gear shell and the planet carrier.
When the robot is specifically applied, the accuracy of the robot action is realized, the service life of the robot is prolonged, or the harsh requirements of the robot in equipment such as aerospace and the like are met, and the requirements on the machining precision and the mounting precision of parts of the RV reducer are very high;
the pin gear housing is an important component of the robot RV reducer, and two main bearings are arranged between the pin gear housing and the planet carrier, so that the manufacturing precision and the assembly precision of the pin gear housing are required to be very high due to the very high requirement on the motion precision of the robot RV reducer. The manufacturing process adopted for the needle gear shell in the prior art is as follows: firstly, two main bearing positions are machined and then sleeved with the main bearings, the positions of the needle gear shells, where the bearings are installed, are called as bearing positions, the machining accuracy of the bearing positions has corresponding requirements, the coaxiality requirements of the two main bearing positions are high, otherwise, return errors can be generated in the use process, the use accuracy of the robot RV reducer is affected, and the concentricity requirements of the internal teeth and the bearing positions are also high because the cycloid gears are meshed with the internal teeth through the needle gear pins. The positioning of the outer circle and the main bearing position also have concentric requirements. The shape tolerance and the position tolerance generated by the processing of the two main bearing positions lead to assembly errors during the installation of the main bearing, and the accumulated errors greatly influence the use precision and the service life of the RV reducer. Specifically, in the existing processing device and processing technology, the concentricity of the two bearing surfaces cannot be ensured during turning, and more allowance needs to be reserved for the bearing surfaces to be ground; when the vertical machining center processes the internal teeth, the internal tooth reference circle and the internal circle cannot be concentric, so that in order to grind the internal teeth by the tooth grinding machine, strict centering is required on the vertical machining center, the clamping is relatively time-consuming, and the efficiency of the machining treatment is reduced; when the vertical machining center drills the inner teeth, because the inner tooth pitch circle and the inner circle cannot be ensured to be concentric, more allowance needs to be reserved, so that a machining test piece of the gear grinding machine is overlong, the machining difficulty is increased, for example, the inner teeth are roughly machined by a gear shaper, the inner teeth also need to be re-centered, and because the inner tooth pitch circle cannot be ensured to be concentric with the inner circle of the bearing, more allowance needs to be reserved; if the internal teeth are roughly machined by a gear shaper, the internal teeth also need to be re-centered, and more allowance needs to be reserved because the pitch circle of the internal teeth cannot be ensured to be concentric with the inner circle of the bearing; during tooth grinding, a manual centering mode is used, the cover plate is tightly pressed, the inner circle of the tooth grinding machine needs to be measured by a dial indicator, the main shaft is rotated, the reading of the dial indicator is observed, the position of the needle tooth shell is adjusted by manually knocking the part, and when the measured inner circle runout of the dial indicator is smaller than a required value, the cover plate screw is tightly screwed down to clamp the tooth grinding machine. The defect is that the centering time is long, the center of the needle gear shell is easy to change when the cover plate is pressed, and repeated adjustment is needed. Therefore, the existing pin gear housing processing technology needs to be found for many times, and the requirement on the precision of the finding is too high, if the finding is completely carried out manually, the time is even longer than the processing time, if a high-precision clamp is adopted, the price is high (generally tens of thousands of times), the clamp cannot be generally used universally, the cost is huge, and the precision cannot be guaranteed to be higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the pin gear shell machining device, the pin gear shell machining process and the pin gear shell solve the problems of long clamping time, low precision and the like of the existing pin gear shell machining process.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a pin gear shell processing device which comprises a first transition disc, a second transition disc and a zero point positioning base, wherein the first transition disc is connected with the second transition disc;
the first transition disc is used for mounting a pin gear shell;
the second transition disc is connected with the zero point positioning base through a fixing piece, wherein,
the zero point positioning base is arranged on the table top.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the table top includes a table top of a vertical gear grinding machine, an internal gear grinding machine or a machining center.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing member includes a blind rivet.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the zero point positioning base is concentric with the rotary table top, wherein the jumping of the central hole is not higher than 0.0025mm.
Preferably, the circular runout of the inner hole of the first transition disc is not higher than 0.0025mm; and the inner hole of the first transition disc is in clearance fit with the part, and the clearance is smaller than 0.05mm.
Further preferably, the inner hole of the first transition disc is in clearance fit with the outer circle of the needle gear shell, and the clearance is within 0.05mm.
The invention also provides a needle gear shell processing technology which is applied to the needle gear shell processing device and comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a blank of a pin gear shell;
s2, machining the pin gear shell into a contour;
s3, machining the pin gear shell into a threaded hole and a through hole;
s4, mounting the needle gear housing on the first transition disc, and mounting the first transition disc on the second transition disc;
s5, mounting the second transition disc on a gear shaping machine or a vertical machining center, and performing internal tooth rough machining;
s6, mounting the second transition disc on a vertical grinder, and grinding the two main bearing positions, the outer circle mounting and positioning surface and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the inner tooth;
and S7, mounting the second transition disc on a gear grinding machine, grinding the quasi-internal teeth, and finely grinding.
In the step S, the installation accuracy of the second transition disc and the gear shaper or the vertical machining center is not less than 0.03mm.
The invention also provides a needle gear shell which is manufactured or processed by the needle gear shell processing technology.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the processing device and the processing technology provided by the invention can ensure concentricity of the processing surface, greatly reduce clamping time of each procedure, reduce finishing allowance and reduce processing time; the processing precision is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. needle gear shell; 2. a first transition disc; 3. a second transition disc; 4. a fixing member; 5. a zero point positioning base; 6. a table top.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a pin gear housing processing device, which includes a first transition disc 2, a second transition disc 3 and a zero point positioning base 5, wherein the first transition disc 2 is connected to the second transition disc 3, in this embodiment, a plurality of screw holes are processed on the second transition disc 3 for installing the first transition discs 2 with different specifications, and then the second transition disc 3 is installed on the zero point positioning base 5 through a fixing piece 4; the second transition plate 3 is connected to a zero point positioning base 5 by a fixing member 4, preferably the fixing member 4 is screwed to the second transition plate 3, wherein the zero point positioning base 5 is mounted to the table top 6.
Specifically, the table top 6 comprises a plurality of table tops (the bases are required to be installed on all related machine tools, and workpieces are sequentially circulated) such as a vertical gear grinding machine, an internal gear grinding machine and a machining center, when the table top 6 is a rotary table top, the table top 6 is required to be centered during installation, so that the first transition disc 2 installed on the zero point positioning base 5 is concentric with the table top 6, the central hole runout of the first transition disc 2 is not higher than 0.0025mm (can be properly widened according to the part requirements, such as the final coaxiality requirement of the part is about half, such as 0.00125mm and 0.001 mm), the inner hole of the first transition disc 2 is in clearance fit with the part, the clearance is less than 0.05mm, and the first transition disc 2 and the second transition disc 3 are not separated after adjustment.
In this embodiment, the top end of the first transition disc 2 has an annular protrusion, the upper surface of the first transition disc is finely polished, the parallelism with the lower surface is within 0.0025mm, the reference precision of the workpiece is ensured, the annular protrusion is in contact with the surface of the part, the axial positioning of the part is performed, the positioning precision is ensured by a smaller area, and the deformation of the part caused by over positioning is prevented.
In this embodiment, the fixing element 4 includes a blind rivet, the blind rivet of the fixing element 4 is a standard element, the zero point positioning base 5 is also a standard element, the blind rivet 4 and the zero point positioning base 5 can be matched to perform high-precision repeated positioning, and cannot be replaced, and the blind rivet is a part of a standard zero point positioning system.
When the transition disc 2 is installed, the adjustment is needed on a rotary table, so that the circular runout of the inner hole of the first transition disc 2 is not higher than 0.0025mm (the precision change can be carried out according to the final part, for example, about half of the final finish machining coaxiality requirement can be met).
The first transition disc 2 is used for installing the needle gear shell 1, in this embodiment, the first transition disc 2 is preferably connected with the needle gear shell 1 through a bolt, and an inner hole of the first transition disc 2 is in clearance fit with an outer circle of the needle gear shell 1, and the clearance is within 0.05mm; the first transition disc 2 and the second transition disc 3 are connected into a whole when in use, different needle gear shells are provided with different first transition discs 2, and the first transition discs 2 and the second transition discs 3 are connected together for workpiece circulation when in use. The second transition disc 3 mainly serves as a connection with the zero point positioning base 5, and the first transition disc 2 is mainly used for transition of the adapter part.
Specifically, the machining device in this embodiment is used to perform a specific step or process of machining the pin gear housing, as shown in embodiment 2, concentricity of the machined surface can be ensured, clamping time of each procedure is greatly reduced, finishing allowance is reduced, and machining time is reduced; the processing precision is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a needle gear shell processing technology, which is applied to a needle gear shell processing device in embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps that if a table top of a processing center is processed, the edge of a zero point positioning base needs to be aligned so as to enable the edge to be along the X and Y directions of the table top, and then the center of an inner hole of a first transition disc 2 is aligned to serve as a zero point coordinate:
step S01, installing a zero point positioning base 5, namely installing a first transition disc 2 and a second transition disc 3 on the zero point positioning base 5, beating the inner ring runout of the first transition disc 2 on a rotary workbench, wherein the inner ring runout is required to be smaller than 0.0025mm, (the inner ring runout is generally halved according to the final coaxiality requirement), and the higher the installation precision is, the better the installation precision is, if the installation precision is on a workbench of a machining center, the center of an inner hole of the first transition disc 2 is aligned to be used as a machining zero point;
step S1, preparing a blank of the pin gear housing 1, specifically, preferably a precisely-cast pin gear housing blank;
s2, machining the pin gear housing 1 into a profile by using a lathe, wherein the main bearing surfaces of the pin gear housing are clamped at one time to ensure concentricity of the two main bearing surfaces;
s3, machining a threaded hole and a through hole of the pin gear housing 1 by using a vertical machining center;
step S4, the needle gear shell 1 is arranged on the first transition disc 2, the first transition disc 2 is arranged on the second transition disc 3 (the fixing piece 4 is arranged on the second transition disc 3), then the first transition disc 2, the second transition disc 3 and the fixing piece 4 are not separated, and the whole operation is carried out until the needle gear shell is processed and formed;
in step S5, the second transition disc 3 is mounted on a gear shaper or a vertical machining center to perform internal tooth rough machining, specifically, in this embodiment, in step S5, the mounting precision of the second transition disc 3 and the gear shaper or the vertical machining center is not lower than 0.03 (the mounting precision is smaller than 0.005mm if the final coaxiality requirement is halved, if the final coaxiality requirement is 0.01 mm), more specifically, the pin housing 1 and the transition discs (the first transition disc 2 and the second transition disc 3) are directly conveyed to the gear shaper or on the vertical machining center, the zero point positioning base 5 is connected through a blind rivet (the fixing piece 4), no centering is needed, internal tooth rough machining is directly performed, and because the repeated mounting precision of the blind rivet and the zero point positioning base 5 is not higher than 0.003mm, the machine tool does not need to find a workpiece zero point again, and machining is directly performed according to the center of the zero point positioning base. The transition disc (the first transition disc 2 and the second transition disc 3) follows the pin gear shell 1 until the internal teeth are ground finally, and the repeated clamping precision is at least 0.003mm, so that the center of the part is very accurate, and the allowance single side can be directly left for 0.05mm when the internal teeth are roughly machined;
step S6, after finishing the internal tooth rough machining, mounting the pin gear shell 1 and the second transition disc 3 (and the first transition disc 2 connected with the pin gear shell and the second transition disc) on a zero point positioning base of the vertical grinder, and directly grinding two main bearing positions, an outer circle mounting positioning surface, an upper end surface and a lower end surface of the internal tooth without centering;
step S7, mounting the pin gear shell 1 and the second transition disc 3 (and the first transition disc 2 connected with the pin gear shell) on a zero point positioning base of a gear grinding machine to grind and accurately obtain internal teeth, and directly grind and accurately obtain the internal teeth without centering; the allowance is only 0.05mm on one side, so that the fine grinding is directly carried out, the processing time is short, and the clamping time is short (generally not more than 1 minute) because the centering is not needed.
The processing technology provided by the embodiment can ensure concentricity of the processing surface, greatly reduce clamping time of each procedure, reduce finishing allowance and reduce processing time; the processing precision is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a pin housing made or processed by the pin housing processing technique of embodiment 2, and the manufactured pin housing has higher precision.
The processing device and the processing technology provided by the invention can ensure concentricity of the processing surface, greatly reduce clamping time of each procedure, reduce finishing allowance and reduce processing time; the processing precision is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but is capable of numerous variations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The pin gear shell machining device is characterized by comprising a first transition disc (2), a second transition disc (3) and a zero point positioning base (5), wherein the first transition disc (2) is connected with the second transition disc (3);
the first transition disc (2) is used for installing a needle gear shell (1);
the second transition disc (3) is connected with the zero point positioning base (5) through a fixing piece (4), wherein,
the zero point positioning base (5) is arranged on the table top (6).
2. A pin gear housing machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the table top (6) comprises a table top of a vertical gear grinding machine, an internal gear grinding machine or a machining center.
3. A needle gear housing machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing member (4) comprises a blind rivet.
4. A needle gear housing machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the zero point positioning base (5) is concentric with the table top (6), wherein the central hole runout is not higher than 0.0025mm.
5. A pin gear housing machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first transition disc (2) has an inner hole circle run out of not more than 0.0025mm after the rotating platform is mounted; and the inner hole of the first transition disc (2) is in clearance fit with the part, and the clearance is smaller than 0.05mm.
6. A needle gear housing machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner bore of the first transition disc (2) is in clearance fit with the outer circumference of the needle gear housing (1) within 0.05mm.
7. A needle gear housing processing technique for a needle gear housing processing device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step S1, preparing a blank of a pin gear housing (1);
s2, machining the pin gear housing (1) into a contour;
s3, machining a threaded hole and a through hole in the pin gear housing (1);
s4, mounting the needle gear housing (1) on the first transition disc (2), and mounting the first transition disc (2) on the second transition disc (3);
s5, mounting the second transition disc (3) on a gear shaping machine or a vertical machining center for internal tooth rough machining;
s6, mounting the second transition disc (3) on a vertical grinding machine, and grinding and aligning two main bearing positions, an outer circle mounting and positioning surface and an upper end surface and a lower end surface of the inner tooth;
and S7, mounting the second transition disc (3) on a gear grinding machine, grinding the quasi-internal teeth, and finely grinding.
8. A needle gear housing machining process according to claim 7, characterized in that in step S5, the mounting accuracy of the second transition disc (3) with the gear shaper or vertical machining center is not lower than 0.03mm.
9. Needle gear housing, characterized in that it is manufactured by a needle gear housing machining process according to any of claims 7-8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310124575.3A CN116275305B (en) | 2023-02-16 | 2023-02-16 | Needle gear shell machining device, needle gear shell machining process and needle gear shell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310124575.3A CN116275305B (en) | 2023-02-16 | 2023-02-16 | Needle gear shell machining device, needle gear shell machining process and needle gear shell |
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| CN116275305A true CN116275305A (en) | 2023-06-23 |
| CN116275305B CN116275305B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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| CN113478251A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-08 | 安庆中船动力配套有限公司 | Zero point quick positioning reference clamp for cylinder cover machining tool |
| WO2023000607A1 (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-01-26 | 航天精工股份有限公司 | Assistive processing apparatus for special-shaped self-aligning bearing grinding machine for aerospace |
| CN216179594U (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-04-05 | 上海羿弓精密科技有限公司 | Rapid centering clamp for grinding of pin gear shell |
| CN113500432A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-10-15 | 爱柯迪股份有限公司 | Clamp body positioning mechanism suitable for turning and milling combined machining center |
| CN114986202A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-02 | 鹰普机械（宜兴）有限公司 | Auxiliary tool mounting and positioning device for vertical numerically controlled lathe |
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