CN111571153A - Method for machining blade profile of Kaplan turbine blade - Google Patents
Method for machining blade profile of Kaplan turbine blade Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111571153A CN111571153A CN202010472299.6A CN202010472299A CN111571153A CN 111571153 A CN111571153 A CN 111571153A CN 202010472299 A CN202010472299 A CN 202010472299A CN 111571153 A CN111571153 A CN 111571153A
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- blade
- milling
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- aligning
- profile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/02—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine or like blades from one piece
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for processing blade profiles of blades of a Kaplan turbine, which comprises the steps of boring and milling the end faces of flanges and the end faces of technical lugs at the outer circles of the blades, detecting the allowance of each part of the blade profiles, roughly and finely milling the blade profiles, detecting flaws, drilling, assembling and numbering. The invention has the advantages of simple and convenient process, convenient operation and low cost, and can effectively improve the dimensional accuracy of the blade profile line, reduce the weight error of the blade and ensure the balance weight of the subsequent static balance experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for processing a water turbine blade, in particular to a method for processing a blade profile of a rotating propeller type water turbine blade.
Background
At present, for blades of through-flow and axial-flow Kaplan turbines, because the blade profile is of a space curve structure, the blade profile is usually manufactured by a method of manually polishing the blade profile after rough machining of the end face and the excircle of a shaft neck flange, and finally a combined sample plate is designed for inspection after the manufacture is finished; the method is low in efficiency, the dimensional accuracy of the blade profile molded line is poor, the weight error of each blade is large, the unbalanced weight of the static balance test after wheel mounting and assembling is large, and subsequent processing is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for processing a blade profile of a Kaplan turbine blade, which has simple and convenient process and can effectively improve the dimensional accuracy of the profile line.
The invention aims to realize the technical scheme that the method for machining the blade profile of the Kaplan turbine comprises the following steps:
1) polishing and removing burrs and flashes on the surface of the blade profile;
2) boring and milling the end face of the flange and the end face of the process lug at the excircle of the blade;
3) using a three-coordinate scribing detector or a laser detector to perform dotting detection on the allowance of each part of the leaf profile, and scribing central hole lines at two ends according to the allowance of the leaf profile to ensure that the allowance of each part is uniform;
4) rough and fine milling of blade profile: roughly and finely milling molded lines of the front and back surfaces of the blade to the size by using a numerical control milling machine, milling the shape of the outline curve in place, drilling center holes at two ends, and milling the position reference of the end surface of a blade lug;
5) the numerical control vertical lathe is started, and the end face, the outer circle, the spigot, the step plane and the root of the blade lug flange are roughly turned to be provided with allowance;
6) performing comprehensive flaw detection according to the design standard requirement;
7) processing casting defects, polishing the working surface and the back surface of the blade, wherein the roughness meets the requirements of a drawing;
8) a three-coordinate scribing detector or a laser detector is used for dotting the detection profile and making an inspection report;
9) semi-finish turning, finish turning of a shaft neck flange, a flange end face, an outer circle, a spigot, a step plane, a spherical surface, a cutting groove and a chamfer;
10) aligning the end face and the outer circle of the flange with a tolerance of 0.05mm, boring and milling a central hole lug, and re-drilling a central hole, expanding a counter bore and chamfering in place;
11) removing burrs and burrs by a bench worker, and polishing the unmachined part and the machined part of the outer circle of the flange to be in the same circle and be smoothly connected;
12) drawing a central cross line, marking a line of +/-X, Y, drawing a position line of the corresponding degrees of the paddle according to the design requirement, and punching a foreign eye;
13) drilling;
14) placing the paddle on a workbench, adjusting the gap and the position, installing a rotating arm and a pivot, aligning a +/-X, Y coordinate line, welding a fixed support, symmetrically connecting four screws, and screwing;
15) hanging the assembly part on a workbench, aligning central holes at two ends to be coaxial, aligning the central holes with a tolerance of 0.05mm, simultaneously expanding, roughly reaming and finely reaming pin holes in place, and cleaning the pin holes; deburring and driving pins;
16) the bench worker removes the rotating arm and the pivot; removing the process support, and polishing smoothly and flatly;
17) the surface of the rotor body, which is matched and ground with the rotor body, meets the requirements of a drawing;
18) numbering the blades, weighing and marking;
19) the spherical surface of the rotating wheel assembly vehicle is deburred after the leveling balance is qualified, and the integral polishing meets the roughness requirement of the design drawing.
Wherein, in the step 9), the method further comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively installing thimbles on the faceplate and the tool rest for alignment, jacking up the workpiece, clamping and pressing by using bolts, a pressing plate and angle irons, and reserving a margin single edge of 2mm at each part of a semi-finish turning shaft neck flange;
(2) performing flaw detection again and processing the defects;
(3) aligning the machined surface with a tolerance of 0.05mm, finely turning the end face, the excircle, the spigot, the step plane, the spherical surface, the grooving and the chamfer of the flange to the size of a drawing, and checking a spherical circular arc matching sample plate;
(4) the processing device for the metal surface of the Shanghaike energy can grind Ra1.6 or more outer circles and planes to meet the roughness requirement of a design drawing.
Wherein, in the step 13), the method further comprises the following steps:
(1) loading a workpiece on a workbench, aligning the plane of a flange, keeping a tolerance of 0.05mm, loading a drill jig, aligning a center cross line, compacting by plus or minus X, Y lines, drilling a pin hole and expanding a counter bore to the size of a drawing, wherein the allowance of a coarse drill of the pin hole is 5mm, and drilling and expanding a bottom hole of a wire in place;
(2) disassembling the drill jig, and expanding and milling each counter bore in place;
(3) and roughly and finely milling each screw thread in place.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages of simple and convenient process, convenient operation and low cost, and can effectively improve the dimensional accuracy of the blade profile molded line, reduce the weight error of the blade and ensure the balance weight of the subsequent static balance experiment.
Drawings
The drawings of the invention are illustrated as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments will still fall within the scope of the present invention claimed in the claims.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, a method for processing a blade profile of a Kaplan turbine blade, the method comprises the following steps:
1) polishing and removing burrs and flashes on the surface of the blade profile 1;
2) boring and milling the end face of the flange 2 and the end face of the process lug at the excircle of the blade;
3) using a three-coordinate scribing detector or a laser detector to perform dotting detection on the allowance of each part of the leaf profile, and scribing central hole lines at two ends according to the allowance of the leaf profile to ensure that the allowance of each part is uniform;
4) rough and fine milling of blade profile: roughly and finely milling molded lines of the front and back surfaces of the blade to the size by using a numerical control milling machine, milling the shape of the outline curve in place, drilling center holes at two ends, and milling the position reference of the end surface of a blade lug;
5) the numerical control vertical lathe is started, and the end face, the outer circle, the spigot, the step plane and the root of the blade lug flange are roughly turned to be provided with allowance;
6) performing comprehensive flaw detection according to the design standard requirement;
7) processing casting defects, polishing the working surface and the back surface of the blade, wherein the roughness meets the requirements of a drawing;
8) a three-coordinate scribing detector or a laser detector is used for dotting the detection profile and making an inspection report;
9) semi-finish turning, finish turning of a shaft neck flange, a flange end face, an outer circle, a spigot, a step plane, a spherical surface, a cutting groove and a chamfer;
10) aligning the end face and the outer circle of the flange with a tolerance of 0.05mm, boring and milling a central hole lug, and re-drilling a central hole, expanding a counter bore and chamfering in place;
11) removing burrs and burrs by a bench worker, and polishing the unmachined part and the machined part of the outer circle of the flange to be in the same circle and be smoothly connected;
12) drawing a central cross line, marking a line of +/-X, Y, drawing a position line of the corresponding degrees of the paddle according to the design requirement, and punching a foreign eye;
13) drilling;
14) placing the paddle on a workbench, adjusting the gap and the position, installing a rotating arm and a pivot, aligning a +/-X, Y coordinate line, welding a fixed support, symmetrically connecting four screws, and screwing;
15) hanging the assembly part on a workbench, aligning central holes at two ends to be coaxial, aligning the central holes with a tolerance of 0.05mm, simultaneously expanding, roughly reaming and finely reaming pin holes in place, and cleaning the pin holes; deburring and driving pins;
16) the bench worker removes the rotating arm and the pivot; removing the process support, and polishing smoothly and flatly;
17) the surface of the rotor body, which is matched and ground with the rotor body, meets the requirements of a drawing;
18) numbering the blades, weighing and marking;
19) the spherical surface of the rotating wheel assembly vehicle is deburred after the leveling balance is qualified, and the integral polishing meets the roughness requirement of the design drawing.
Further described, in the step 9), the following steps are further included:
(1) respectively installing thimbles on the faceplate and the tool rest for alignment, jacking up the workpiece, clamping and pressing by using bolts, a pressing plate and angle irons, and reserving a margin single edge of 2mm at each part of a semi-finish turning shaft neck flange;
(2) performing flaw detection again and processing the defects;
(3) aligning the machined surface with a tolerance of 0.05mm, finely turning the end face, the excircle, the spigot, the step plane, the spherical surface, the grooving and the chamfer of the flange to the size of a drawing, and checking a spherical circular arc matching sample plate;
(4) the processing device for the metal surface of the Shanghaike energy can grind Ra1.6 or more outer circles and planes to meet the roughness requirement of a design drawing.
Further described, in the step 13), the following steps are also included:
(1) loading a workpiece on a workbench, aligning the plane of a flange, keeping a tolerance of 0.05mm, loading a drill jig, aligning a center cross line, compacting by plus or minus X, Y lines, drilling a pin hole and expanding a counter bore to the size of a drawing, wherein the allowance of a coarse drill of the pin hole is 5mm, and drilling and expanding a bottom hole of a wire in place;
(2) disassembling the drill jig, and expanding and milling each counter bore in place;
(3) and roughly and finely milling each screw thread in place.
By the method, the processing efficiency and the size precision are improved, the weight error of each blade after final processing is not more than 1% of the theoretical weight, the unbalanced weight is less after wheel mounting and assembling, and the processing is convenient, so that the vibration in the unit operation process is reduced, and the installation and operation requirements of a power station are met.
Claims (3)
1. A method for processing a blade profile of a Kaplan turbine blade is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) polishing and removing burrs and flashes on the surface of the blade profile;
2) boring and milling the end face of the flange and the end face of the process lug at the excircle of the blade;
3) using a three-coordinate scribing detector or a laser detector to perform dotting detection on the allowance of each part of the leaf profile, and scribing central hole lines at two ends according to the allowance of the leaf profile to ensure that the allowance of each part is uniform;
4) rough and fine milling of blade profile: roughly and finely milling molded lines of the front and back surfaces of the blade to the size by using a numerical control milling machine, milling the shape of the outline curve in place, drilling center holes at two ends, and milling the position reference of the end surface of a blade lug;
5) the numerical control vertical lathe is started, and the end face, the outer circle, the spigot, the step plane and the root of the blade lug flange are roughly turned to be provided with allowance;
6) performing comprehensive flaw detection according to the design standard requirement;
7) processing casting defects, polishing the working surface and the back surface of the blade, wherein the roughness meets the requirements of a drawing;
8) a three-coordinate scribing detector or a laser detector is used for dotting the detection profile and making an inspection report;
9) semi-finish turning, finish turning of a shaft neck flange, a flange end face, an outer circle, a spigot, a step plane, a spherical surface, a cutting groove and a chamfer;
10) aligning the end face and the outer circle of the flange with a tolerance of 0.05mm, boring and milling a central hole lug, and re-drilling a central hole, expanding a counter bore and chamfering in place;
11) removing burrs and burrs by a bench worker, and polishing the unmachined part and the machined part of the outer circle of the flange to be in the same circle and be smoothly connected;
12) drawing a central cross line, marking a line of +/-X, Y, drawing a position line of the corresponding degrees of the paddle according to the design requirement, and punching a foreign eye;
13) drilling;
14) placing the paddle on a workbench, adjusting the gap and the position, installing a rotating arm and a pivot, aligning a +/-X, Y coordinate line, welding a fixed support, symmetrically connecting four screws, and screwing;
15) hanging the assembly part on a workbench, aligning central holes at two ends to be coaxial, aligning the central holes with a tolerance of 0.05mm, simultaneously expanding, roughly reaming and finely reaming pin holes in place, and cleaning the pin holes; deburring and driving pins;
16) the bench worker removes the rotating arm and the pivot; removing the process support, and polishing smoothly and flatly;
17) the surface of the rotor body, which is matched and ground with the rotor body, meets the requirements of a drawing;
18) numbering the blades, weighing and marking;
19) the spherical surface of the rotating wheel assembly vehicle is deburred after the leveling balance is qualified, and the integral polishing meets the roughness requirement of the design drawing.
2. The method for processing the blade profile of the Kaplan turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 9), the method further comprises the steps of:
(1) respectively installing thimbles on the faceplate and the tool rest for alignment, jacking up the workpiece, clamping and pressing by using bolts, a pressing plate and angle irons, and reserving a margin single edge of 2mm at each part of a semi-finish turning shaft neck flange;
(2) performing flaw detection again and processing the defects;
(3) aligning the machined surface with a tolerance of 0.05mm, finely turning the end face, the excircle, the spigot, the step plane, the spherical surface, the grooving and the chamfer of the flange to the size of a drawing, and checking a spherical circular arc matching sample plate;
(4) the processing device for the metal surface of the Shanghaike energy can grind Ra1.6 or more outer circles and planes to meet the roughness requirement of a design drawing.
3. The method for processing the blade profile of the Kaplan turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 13), the method further comprises the steps of:
(1) loading a workpiece on a workbench, aligning the plane of a flange, keeping a tolerance of 0.05mm, loading a drill jig, aligning a center cross line, compacting by plus or minus X, Y lines, drilling a pin hole and expanding a counter bore to the size of a drawing, wherein the allowance of a coarse drill of the pin hole is 5mm, and drilling and expanding a bottom hole of a wire in place;
(2) disassembling the drill jig, and expanding and milling each counter bore in place;
(3) and roughly and finely milling each screw thread in place.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010472299.6A CN111571153A (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Method for machining blade profile of Kaplan turbine blade |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010472299.6A CN111571153A (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Method for machining blade profile of Kaplan turbine blade |
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| CN111571153A true CN111571153A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113909826A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-11 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | Manufacturing method of blade grid blade profile |
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Application publication date: 20200825 |
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