CN116273442A - Method for reducing ash and dehydrating coarse clean coal - Google Patents
Method for reducing ash and dehydrating coarse clean coal Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 113
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/005—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for coal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for reducing ash and dehydrating coarse clean coal, which comprises the following steps: after TBS overflowed clean coal is screened I, a +0.5mm size product and clean coal medium removal oversize product are combined and dehydrated to obtain a heavy medium block concentrate product and centrifugate; after the 0.5mm size fraction product is screened II, the +0.25mm size fraction product, the centrifugate and the lean medium magnetic tail of the clean coal are combined and classified by a lean cyclone; screening III of the classified underflow products, combining the undersize products, the products with the particle size of-0.25 mm and the classified overflow products, and then carrying out flotation to obtain flotation clean coal; and introducing one part of the oversize material to a lump coal dehydration system for dehydration, combining the other part of the oversize material with the flotation clean coal, and filtering and dehydrating to obtain a flotation clean coal product. The invention strengthens the desliming and ash reduction effects of the coarse clean coal slime and improves the dewatering effects of the coarse clean coal slime; meanwhile, the process flow is shortened, the opening quantity of equipment is reduced, and the production cost of ton coal is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal preparation, in particular to a method for reducing ash and dehydrating coarse clean coal.
Background
In the prior art, raw coal with the grain size of 1mm-50mm is subjected to desliming and desliming to obtain raw coal with a block on the screen and coal slime under the screen, and the raw coal with the block on the screen is separated by adopting a three-product heavy medium cyclone to obtain dense medium block clean coal, medium coal and gangue products. The dense medium block clean coal is subjected to medium removal through a medium removal screen, and the oversize product of the clean coal is fed into a lump coal dehydration system (such as a horizontal vibration discharge centrifuge) for recycling, so as to obtain dense medium block clean coal products and centrifugate; and (3) recovering the magnetite powder from the refined coal medium-removal undersize through a magnetic separator to obtain refined coal thin medium magnetic tail.
Classifying the undersize coal slime by a classifying cyclone to obtain a coal slime overflow product and a coal slime underflow product, enabling the coal slime overflow product to enter a flotation system for flotation, enabling the coal slime underflow product with the particle size of 1mm-0.25mm to enter TBS for separation, and obtaining TBS overflow clean coal; as shown in fig. 1, the TBS overflow clean coal is subjected to pre-dewatering and ash reduction through a two-stage laminated screen (screen seam 0.35 mm), the oversize product enters a horizontal scraper discharge centrifuge to be dewatered to form TBS coarse clean coal and centrifugate, the undersize product automatically flows into a flotation system, the clean coal thin medium magnetic tail and centrifugate are combined and concentrated and classified through a thin cyclone, the underflow is subjected to pre-dewatering and ash reduction through an arc screen (screen seam 0.75 mm) and a linear vibrating screen (screen seam 0.50 mm), the oversize product enters a vertical scraper discharge centrifuge to be dewatered to form clean magnetic tail coarse clean coal and centrifugate, the centrifugate is combined into the clean coal thin medium magnetic tail, and the undersize product enters the flotation system; and (3) carrying out flotation, filtering and dehydration on the coal slime entering a flotation system to obtain a flotation clean coal product.
The following problems exist in the process flow:
1. after the magnetic tail of the lean clean coal medium and the centrifugate are combined, the concentration is low, the flow is large, the feeding concentration of the lean clean coal cyclone cannot be met, the bottom flow is clamped seriously, and the coarse clean coal is seriously polluted after recovery;
2. the precision of the arc screen and the linear vibration screen is poor, the ash content of the product on the screen is high, the abrasion of the screen seam is serious after long-term production operation, the coarse phenomenon of the undersize material is serious, and a large pressure is caused for the subsequent flotation operation;
3. after the overflow of TBS is dehydrated and desliming through a laminated high-frequency vibration fine screen, coarse slime enters a centrifugal machine for dehydration operation, and as the overflow concentration of TBS is low and the flow is large, the laminated screen has higher classification precision, but the adopted screen plate has small screen gaps and poor water drainage capability, the water leakage of the screen surface is easy to cause, the dehydration and desliming operation cannot be effectively carried out, and meanwhile, the screen gaps are blocked by fine particle materials carried by the overflow of TBS, so that the phenomenon of exceeding the standard of ash moisture of the screen products is worsened.
The problems of poor ash reduction and dehydration effects of coarse clean coal, poor classification effects of a lean cyclone, high clean coal magnetic tail coarse clean coal super ash, high clean coal moisture, low clean coal dehydration system efficiency, complex coarse clean coal dehydration system, poor adaptability and the like of a coal washing and separation system can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for reducing ash and dehydrating coarse clean coal, which strengthens the desliming and ash reducing effects of coarse clean coal slime, improves the dehydration effects of the coarse clean coal slime and improves the dehydration efficiency of equipment; meanwhile, the process flow is shortened, the opening quantity of equipment is reduced, and the production cost of ton coal is greatly reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: 1. the method for reducing ash and dehydrating the coarse clean coal is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) The raw coal is subjected to coal dressing to obtain refined coal medium-removal oversize products, refined coal thin medium magnetic tails and TBS overflow refined coal, the TBS overflow refined coal is subjected to screening I to obtain +0.5mm particle size products and-0.5mm particle size products, the +0.5mm particle size products are combined with the refined coal medium-removal oversize products, and then a lump coal dehydration system is used to obtain heavy medium lump ore concentrate products and centrifugate;
(2) Screening II the 0.5mm size fraction product to obtain a +0.25mm size fraction product and a-0.25 mm size fraction product, combining the +0.25mm size fraction product with the centrifugate and the refined coal diluted magnetic tail in the step (1), and then classifying by a refined cyclone to obtain a classified underflow product and a classified overflow product; combining the high-concentration +0.25mm size fraction product with the centrifugate and the lean medium magnetic tail in the step (1) to ensure the feeding concentration of the lean cyclone;
(3) Screening III the classified underflow product in the step (2) to obtain an oversize product and an undersize product, combining the undersize product, the-0.25 mm particle size product in the step (2) and the classified overflow product, and performing flotation to obtain flotation clean coal;
(4) And (3) introducing one part of the oversize material in the step (3) into a lump coal dehydration system for dehydration, combining the other part with the flotation clean coal in the step (3), and filtering and dehydrating to obtain a flotation clean coal product.
Further, in the step (3), a three-section laminated screen is adopted in the screening III, the three-section laminated screen comprises a plurality of laminated screens, each layer comprises a first-section screen, a second-section screen and a third-section screen, a pulp mixing groove is formed between the first-section screen and the second-section screen, and high-pressure water spraying pipes are arranged on the screen surfaces of the second-section screen and the third-section screen.
Further, in the step (1), a section of rough cutting arc-shaped sieve is adopted by adopting a screening I.
Further, in the step (2), a two-stage drainage arc sieve is adopted for the screening II.
Further, in the step (1), a horizontal vibration unloading centrifuge is adopted in the lump coal dehydration system.
Further, in the step (4), a pressure filter and a wind-through filter press are adopted for filtering and dewatering.
Further, in the step (4), filtering and dehydrating to obtain filtrate, and returning the filtrate to the flotation operation in the step (3).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method is characterized in that the +0.5mm particle size in the TBS overflow product is subjected to rough cutting recovery, so that the +0.5mm particle size product enters a lump coal dehydration system to be combined with lump clean coal for dehydration, the-0.5mm particle size product is subjected to secondary classification by adopting an arc screen, and the-0.25mm particle size product directly enters flotation; the product with the particle diameter of +0.25mm is combined with the refined coal diluted medium magnetic tail and the centrifugate, so that the concentration of the refined coal magnetic tail is improved, the feeding concentration of a refined cyclone is further ensured, and the problem of serious bottom flow clamping is solved; concentrating by a lean cyclone to obtain a graded underflow product, and dewatering and ash reducing by a three-section laminated sieve to obtain an oversize product and an undersize product.
And as the coarse refined coal slime of coarse and fine particle size is required to be regulated along with the floating refining amount and the running condition of the floating refining equipment, redundant coarse refined coal slime of fine particle size is led to a lump coal dehydration system, and the lump coal is used as the skeleton to improve the dehydration effect of the coarse refined coal slime of fine particle size.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coal separation process of coarse clean coal in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the ash-reducing dehydration process of the coarse clean coal of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the method for reducing ash and dewatering coarse clean coal comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw coal with the diameter of 1mm to 50mm is subjected to desliming and desliming to obtain raw coal with a block on a screen and coal slime under the screen, and the raw coal with the block on the screen is subjected to dense medium coal separation to obtain dense medium block clean coal, medium coal and gangue products; removing medium from the dense medium block clean coal through a medium removing sieve to obtain clean coal medium removing oversize material and clean coal medium removing undersize material, and recycling the magnetite powder from the clean coal medium removing undersize material through a magnetic separator to obtain clean coal thin medium magnetic tail;
classifying the undersize coal slime by a classifying cyclone to obtain a coal slime overflow product and a coal slime underflow product, enabling the coal slime overflow product to enter a flotation system for flotation, and separating the coal slime underflow product with the particle size of 1mm-0.25mm by a TBS separator to obtain TBS overflow clean coal; the TBS overflow clean coal products are subjected to screening I to obtain a +0.5mm particle size product and a-0.5mm particle size product, the +0.5mm particle size product and the clean coal medium removal oversize product are combined, and then the mixture enters a lump coal dehydration system for recycling, and the lump coal dehydration system adopts four horizontal vibration discharge centrifuges for dehydration recycling to obtain a heavy medium lump clean coal product and centrifugate;
(2) Screening II the 0.5mm size fraction product to obtain a +0.25mm size fraction product and a-0.25 mm size fraction product, combining the +0.25mm size fraction product, the centrifugate in the step (1) and the lean medium magnetic tail of the clean coal, and then classifying by a lean cyclone to obtain a classified underflow product and a classified overflow product;
(3) Screening III the classified underflow product in the step (2) to obtain oversize products and undersize products, combining the undersize products, the-0.25 mm particle size product in the step (2) and the classified overflow product, and performing flotation to obtain flotation clean coal;
(4) And (3) introducing one part of the oversize material in the step (3) to a lump coal dehydration system for dehydration, merging the other part of the oversize material with the flotation clean coal in the step (3), entering a filtering dehydration system to obtain a flotation clean coal product, and returning filtrate obtained in the filtering dehydration system to the flotation operation in the step (4), wherein the filtering dehydration system comprises a pressure filter and a wind-through filter press which are connected in sequence.
In the step (1), a section of rough cutting arc-shaped screen is adopted as the screening I, and the section of rough cutting arc-shaped screen is a vibrating arc-shaped screen, and the screen gap is 0.75mm; in the step (2), a second-section drainage arc-shaped sieve is adopted as the screening II, and the second-section drainage arc-shaped sieve is a vibrating arc-shaped sieve with a sieve seam of 0.35mm.
In the step (3), a five-layer three-section laminated screen is adopted in the screening III, the five-layer three-section laminated screen comprises five layers which are connected in parallel, each layer comprises a first-section screen, a second-section screen and a third-section screen, a flexible polyurethane screen with a screen gap of 0.35mm is adopted, a slurry mixing groove is arranged between the first-section screen and the second-section screen, fine grain-level high ash on the surface of coarse grains is further diluted and washed by the slurry mixing groove, high-pressure spray pipes are arranged on the screen surfaces of the second-section screen and the third-section screen, scouring and washing are carried out on the surfaces of the grains, and the adsorption of the fine grain-level high ash on coarse grain refined coal is reduced. The five-layer three-section laminated screen is a high-frequency vibration fine screen, and the model is ZKJ-1007D5/3.
Comparative example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the method for reducing ash and dewatering coarse clean coal comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw coal with the diameter of 1mm to 50mm is subjected to desliming and desliming to obtain raw coal with a block on a screen and coal slime under the screen, and the raw coal with the block on the screen is subjected to dense medium coal separation to obtain dense medium block clean coal, medium coal and gangue products; removing medium from the dense medium block clean coal by a medium removing sieve to obtain clean coal medium removing oversize material and clean coal medium removing undersize material, recovering magnetite powder from the clean coal medium removing undersize material by a magnetic separator to obtain clean coal thin medium magnetic tail, recovering the clean coal medium removing oversize material by a lump coal dehydration system, and dehydrating and recovering the lump coal dehydration system by adopting four horizontal vibration discharge centrifuges to obtain a dense medium block clean coal product and centrifugate;
(2) Classifying undersize coal slime by a classifying cyclone to obtain a coal slime overflow product and a coal slime underflow product, enabling the coal slime overflow product to enter a flotation system for flotation, sorting the coal slime underflow product with the particle size of 1mm-0.25mm by a TBS sorting machine to obtain TBS overflow clean coal, carrying out pre-dewatering and ash reduction on the TBS overflow clean coal by adopting four two-stage laminated sieves (the sieve seam of the sieve is 0.35 mm) to obtain an oversize product and an undersize product, and dehydrating the oversize product by adopting two horizontal scraper discharge centrifuges to obtain TBS coarse clean coal and centrifugate;
(3) The centrifugate in the step (1) and (2) is merged into the refined coal diluted medium magnetic tail, then a refined cyclone is adopted for classification to obtain a classified underflow product and a classified overflow product, the classified underflow product adopts a set of vibrating arc screens (screen gaps of 0.75 mm) +linear vibrating screens (screen gaps of 0.50 mm) to firstly dehydrate and reduce ash to dehydrate and reduce ash in advance, and oversize materials and undersize materials are obtained, after the oversize materials are dehydrated by adopting a vertical scraper discharge centrifuge, coarse refined coal and centrifugate with the refined coal diluted medium magnetic tail are obtained, and centrifugate is merged into the refined coal diluted medium magnetic tail;
(4) The undersize products of the step (2), the graded overflow products of the step (3) and the undersize products enter a flotation machine for flotation to obtain flotation clean coal, the flotation clean coal is recovered and dehydrated into flotation clean coal products through four pressure filters and four wind series flow filters, and the dehydrated filtrate returns to a flotation system.
The coarse clean coal comprises TBS coarse clean coal and fine magnetic tail coarse clean coal, the ash content of the coarse clean coal exceeds 11 percent by adopting the method of the comparative example 1, and the ash content is more than 2.0 percent higher than that of the dense medium block clean coal. The coarse clean coal dehydration system runs for a long time under full load, so that the moisture of the coarse clean coal products exceeds the standard, the total clean coal products are higher than the target moisture by 0.23%, the target moisture is 13%, and the moisture content of various clean coal products is shown in table 1.
Table 1 moisture content table for various types of cleaned coal products of comparative example 1
By adopting the method of example 1, the moisture of various clean coal products is shown in Table 2, and the moisture of the total clean coal is 12.79 percent and is lower than the target moisture by 13 percent as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 moisture content table for various types of cleaned coal products
| Product(s) | Yield/% | Moisture/% |
| Dense medium block clean coal product | 55.00 | 8.70 |
| Flotation clean coal product | 45.00 | 17.8 |
| Total clean coal | 100.00 | 12.79 |
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the total clean coal moisture is reduced by 0.44%, the moisture is controlled within 13%, and the phenomenon of exceeding the standard of the clean coal is reduced. According to 290 ten thousand t of commercial coal produced in a coal preparation plant in a year, the annual accumulated transportation cost is saved by about 160 ten thousand yuan. The total power of the clean coal dehydration system is reduced by 197.9Kw, and the electricity cost is saved by 91.2 kilowatts. In addition, the problems of coarse flotation and screen seam blockage are effectively solved, the medicament consumption and the overhaul and maintenance cost are greatly reduced, and the cost can be saved by about 310.8 ten thousand yuan. In conclusion, the annual coal preparation plant can increase the income and save about 562 ten thousand yuan, and considerable economic benefit is obtained.
In example 1 and comparative example 1, the particle size composition of the classified underflow products of the lean cyclone is shown in Table 3, and from Table 3, the content of the +0.5mm fraction material in example 1 is obviously reduced, the content of the-0.125 mm fraction material is reduced from 14.78% to 6.10%, and the bottom material fineness is obviously improved.
TABLE 3 particle size composition of the classified underflow product
Sample analysis was performed on the oversize material of the three-stage laminated screen of example 1 and the two-stage laminated screen of comparative example 1, and the results are shown in table 4. As can be seen from Table 4, the-0.25 fraction of the oversize material was reduced from 18.67% for comparative example 1 to 6.05% for example 1. The most significant change in material content was-0.125 from 12.45% for comparative example 1 to 2.81% for example 1; the total ash content of the oversize material of example 1 was 9.97%, which was reduced by 2.31% compared to 12.01% of comparative example 1, and the desliming effect was significantly improved.
The feeding concentration and flow rate of the embodiment 1 are in a proper range, so that the performance advantage of the three-section laminated screen is fully exerted, and the purposes of desliming and ash reduction are effectively realized.
Table 4 comparison of the grain composition of the oversize material of the stacked screens of example 1 and comparative example 1
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for reducing ash and dehydrating the coarse clean coal is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) The raw coal is subjected to coal dressing to obtain refined coal medium-removal oversize products, refined coal thin medium magnetic tails and TBS overflow refined coal, the TBS overflow refined coal is subjected to screening I to obtain +0.5mm particle size products and-0.5mm particle size products, the +0.5mm particle size products are combined with the refined coal medium-removal oversize products, and then a lump coal dehydration system is used to obtain heavy medium lump ore concentrate products and centrifugate;
(2) Screening II the 0.5mm size fraction product to obtain a +0.25mm size fraction product and a-0.25 mm size fraction product, combining the +0.25mm size fraction product with the centrifugate and the refined coal diluted magnetic tail in the step (1), and then classifying by a refined cyclone to obtain a classified underflow product and a classified overflow product;
(3) Screening III the classified underflow product in the step (2) to obtain an oversize product and an undersize product, combining the undersize product, the-0.25 mm particle size product in the step (2) and the classified overflow product, and performing flotation to obtain flotation clean coal;
(4) And (3) introducing one part of the oversize material in the step (3) into a lump coal dehydration system for dehydration, combining the other part with the flotation clean coal in the step (3), and filtering and dehydrating to obtain a flotation clean coal product.
2. The method for ash reduction and dehydration of coarse clean coal according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), a three-stage laminated screen is adopted for screening III.
3. The method for reducing ash and dewatering coarse clean coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), a section of coarse arc-shaped sieve is adopted as the screening I.
4. The method for reducing ash and dewatering coarse clean coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the screening II adopts a two-stage drainage arc screen.
5. The method for ash reduction and dehydration of coarse clean coal according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), a horizontal vibration discharge centrifuge is adopted in the lump coal dehydration system.
6. The method for ash reduction and dehydration of coarse clean coal according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), a pressure filter and a wind flow-through filter press are adopted for filtering and dehydration.
7. The method for ash reduction and dehydration of coarse clean coal according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the filtrate obtained after filtration and dehydration is returned to the flotation operation in the step (3).
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