CN115646638A - Gasification slag fine separation process - Google Patents
Gasification slag fine separation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115646638A CN115646638A CN202211332261.4A CN202211332261A CN115646638A CN 115646638 A CN115646638 A CN 115646638A CN 202211332261 A CN202211332261 A CN 202211332261A CN 115646638 A CN115646638 A CN 115646638A
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Abstract
The invention provides a fine separation process of gasification slag, which comprises the following steps: mixing slag field gasified slag and water, grading the mixture by a linear vibrating screen to remove particles with the particle size of more than 2mm, sorting the gasified slag with the particle size of less than or equal to 2mm by using a composite water medium cyclone, sorting overflow products of the composite water medium cyclone again by using a pulse interference bed sorting machine, and sorting the overflow desliming undersize pulp of the composite water medium cyclone and the overflow desliming undersize pulp of the pulse sorting machine with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.1mm by using a flotation column. Three products are finally obtained: low ash coal, medium ash coal, tailings. The process has strong adaptability to the gasified slag, all the separated products can be effectively utilized, and the pollution of the gasified slag to the environment and the waste of resources are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to a fine separation process of gasified slag.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the coal chemical industry, the amount of gasification slag generated in the coal gasification process is continuously increasing. The gasified slag mainly comprises a large amount of inorganic mineral substances and a small amount of unburned carbon, and the treatment mode mainly comprises stockpiling and landfill, which not only causes resource waste, but also causes serious pollution to the ecological environment. Therefore, how to recycle the gasified slag efficiently is a problem to be solved urgently.
At present, the main methods for separating carbon residue from gasified slag include a flotation method and a gravity separation method. However, when the flotation method is adopted to separate the gasified slag, the gasified fine slag has developed pores, large specific surface area, large medicament consumption, unsatisfactory flotation index and high economic cost; when the carbon residue in the gasified slag is separated by adopting a gravity separation method, the carbon-ash separation is difficult to effectively carry out by a single gravity field due to small granularity of the gasified slag, and a better separation effect is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a gasification slag fine separation process which has the characteristics of good separation effect and high economic benefit by fully utilizing a gravity separation method and a flotation method. The process has strong adaptability to the gasified slag, all the separated products can be effectively utilized, and the pollution of the gasified slag to the environment and the waste of resources are reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a fine separation process of gasification slag comprises the following steps;
the gasified slag enters a stirring barrel 2 through a belt conveyor 1 and is mixed with water to prepare ore pulp a, the obtained ore pulp a is fed into a vibrating screen 3 with the diameter of a screen hole of 2mm for dehydration and classification, the gasified slag and impurities with the granularity of more than 2mm in the gasified slag ore pulp are removed, and the product on the screen becomes tailings b after dehydration;
the undersize ore pulp c enters a stirring barrel 4 for pulp preparation, and the prepared ore pulp with the ore pulp concentration of 20-30% is tangentially fed into a composite water medium cyclone 6 through a slurry pump 5 for separation;
separating the composite water medium cyclone 6 to obtain an underflow product d and an overflow product e, dehydrating the underflow product d through a dehydration sieve 7 with the diameter of a sieve pore of 0.074mm, forming an oversize product into tailings f after dehydration, and feeding the oversize water g into a thickener 22; an overflow product e of the composite water medium cyclone 6 is deslimed through a desliming sieve 8 with the diameter of a sieve hole of 0.1mm, an oversize product h after desliming enters a stirring barrel 9 and is mixed with water to prepare ore pulp, the ore pulp is fed into an interference bed separator 11 through a slurry pump 10 for secondary separation, and the ore pulp i below the sieve of the desliming sieve 8 enters an ore pulp preprocessor 16;
the interference bed separator 11 separates again to obtain an underflow product j and an overflow product k, the underflow product j is dehydrated through a dehydration sieve 12 with the sieve pore diameter of 0.074mm, the product on the sieve becomes middle ash coal l after dehydration, and the water m under the sieve enters a thickener 22; an overflow product k is desliming through a desliming screen 13 with the screen hole diameter of 0.1mm, an oversize product n after desliming enters a centrifugal machine 14 for dehydration, and undersize ore pulp o enters an ore pulp preprocessor 16;
the product of the centrifuge 14 after dehydration becomes low ash coal p, and the filtrate q enters a thickener 22; after pulp conditioning of the undersize ore pulp i and the undersize ore pulp o is carried out through an ore pulp preprocessor 16 and chemical dosing is carried out through a chemical barrel 15, the undersize ore pulp i and the undersize ore pulp o are fed into a flotation column 18 through a feeding pump 17 for flotation, flotation tailings r enter a thickener 22, flotation concentrates s enter a filter pressing feeding barrel 19 and are fed into a filter press 21 through a feeding pump 20 for filter pressing and dehydration, filter cakes become medium-ash coal t after dehydration, and filter liquor u enters a circulating water tank 25 for circulating water.
The sorting method finally obtains three products: low ash coal, medium ash coal and tailings.
The water g under the screen, the water m under the screen, the filtrate q and the flotation tailings r enter a thickener 22 for concentration, the concentration overflow w enters a circulating water pool 25 for use as circulating water, the concentration underflow v is fed into a filter press 24 through a filter press feeding pump 23 for filter pressing and dehydration, a filter cake after dehydration becomes tailings x, and the filtrate y enters the circulating water pool 25 for use as circulating water;
and part of the circulating water in the circulating water tank 25 is fed into the stirring barrel 2, the stirring barrel 4 and the stirring barrel 9 by using a clean water pump 26 for size mixing, and the other part of the circulating water is used as replenishing water of the composite water medium cyclone 6 and the interference bed separator 11 and screening equipment spray water.
The deslimed ore pulp i and ore pulp o can directly enter a thickener 22 for concentration without flotation, and are subjected to filter pressing by a filter press 24 to form tailings.
The vibrating screen 3 is a linear single-layer vibrating screen and is ZS-shaped.
The diameter of the composite water medium swirler (6) is 200mm, and the taper angle is 80-150 degrees;
the diameter of a secondary water inlet hole of the 6 cylindrical section of the composite water medium cyclone is 3mm and is 45 degrees with the tangent line.
Further, secondary water fed tangentially at a certain pressure forms a medium resistance facing the axis in the composite water medium cyclone (6), so that the separation effect of effective layering and efficient separation of the gasified slag according to density difference is enhanced, and the separation precision of the composite water medium cyclone is improved.
The dewatering screen 7, the dewatering screen 12, the desliming screen 8 and the desliming screen 13 are high-frequency vibrating screens.
The disturbed bed classifier 11 can select TBS or a 1000mm diameter step pulse classifier.
The centrifuge 14 is a decanter centrifuge dehydrator.
The thickener 22 may be a deep cone thickener or a high efficiency thickener.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the fine separation process of the gasification slag, the coal separation method of the composite force field, namely the separation of the composite water medium cyclone and the separation of the interference bed, is linked with the flotation, so that the defect of poor effect of the single force field on the separation of the gas-phone slag is overcome; meanwhile, the feeding amount of the gasified slag is reduced, the flotation cost is reduced, unburned carbon particles in the gasified slag are effectively enriched in a gradient manner, and the unburned carbon in the gasified slag is recycled to the maximum extent. The low-ash coal obtained after the separation of the gasification slag can be used as active carbon, electrode materials and the like; the medium ash coal obtained after sorting can be used as power coal for boiler co-combustion and the like; the tailings obtained after sorting can be used as building raw materials, underground filling raw materials and the like. The process has strong adaptability to gasified slag, takes water as a separation medium, does not need to add a heavy medium, eliminates high ash tailings in advance through vibration sieve classification and primary separation of a composite water medium swirler, reduces the feeding amount of an interference bed, further reduces the feeding amount of flotation, reduces energy consumption and saves production cost; meanwhile, closed circulation of the slime water is realized, all the separated products are effectively utilized, and environmental pollution and resource waste are reduced.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram for the separation of gasification slag according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the gasified slag separation apparatus according to the present invention.
In fig. 2: 1-belt conveyer, 2, 4, 9-stirring barrel, 3-linear vibrating screen, 5, 10, 17, 20, 23-slurry pump, 6-composite water medium cyclone, 7, 12-high-frequency vibrating dewatering screen, 8, 13-high-frequency vibrating desliming screen, 11-pulse separator, 14-settling centrifugal dehydrator, 15-medicament barrel, 16-ore pulp preprocessor, 18-flotation column, 19-ore pulp buffer barrel, 21, 24-plate frame filter press, 22-deep cone thickener, 25-circulating water tank and 26-clean water pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, the fine separation process of the gasification slag comprises the following steps:
gasified slag from a slag field enters a stirring barrel 2 through a belt conveyor 1 to be mixed with water to prepare ore pulp a, an outlet of the stirring barrel 2 is connected with a feeding port of a linear vibrating screen 3, the obtained ore pulp is fed into the linear vibrating screen 3 with the screen hole diameter of 2mm to be graded, the gasified slag and impurities with the granularity larger than 2mm in the gasified slag ore pulp are removed, and products on the screen are dehydrated to form tailings b;
the undersize ore pulp c enters a stirring barrel 4 for pulp preparation, and the prepared ore pulp with 20 percent of ore pulp concentration is tangentially fed into a composite water medium cyclone 6 with the diameter of 200mm and the cone angle of 120 degrees through a slurry pump 5 for separation;
an overflow port of the composite water medium cyclone 6 is connected with a feeding port of a high-frequency vibration desliming sieve 8, a underflow port is connected with a feeding port of a high-frequency vibration dewatering sieve 7, an underflow product d enters the high-frequency vibration dewatering sieve 7 with the sieve pore diameter of 0.074mm for dewatering, an oversize product after dewatering becomes a tailing f, and a screened water g enters a deep cone thickener 22; an overflow product e of the composite water medium cyclone 6 is deslimed by a high-frequency vibration desliming sieve 8 with the sieve pore diameter of 0.1mm, an oversize product h after desliming enters a stirring barrel 9 to be mixed with water to prepare ore pulp, the ore pulp is fed into a pulse separator 11 with the diameter of 1000mm through a slurry pump 10 to be separated again, and the ore pulp i under the sieve of the desliming sieve 8 enters an ore pulp preprocessor 16;
the underflow product j obtained by secondary separation by the pulse separator 11 is dehydrated by a high-frequency vibration dehydration screen 12 with the screen hole diameter of 0.074mm, the product on the screen after dehydration becomes middle ash coal l, and the water m under the screen enters a deep cone thickener 22; an overflow product k obtained by secondary separation by the pulse separator 11 is deslimed by a high-frequency vibration desliming sieve 13 with the sieve pore diameter of 0.1mm, a product n on the sieve after desliming enters a settling centrifugal dehydrator 14 for dehydration, a product after dehydration becomes low-ash coal p, and a filtrate q enters a deep cone thickener 22; the undersize pulp o enters a pulp preprocessor 16;
the undersize ore pulp i and the undersize ore pulp o enter an ore pulp preprocessor 16 through a pipeline to be mixed and mixed with water, the mixture is fed into a short column type flotation column 18 through a flotation feed pump 17 after being fed by a medicament barrel 15, flotation is carried out, flotation tailings r enter a deep cone thickener 22, flotation concentrates s enter a buffer barrel 19, the flotation concentrates are fed into a plate and frame filter press 21 through a slurry pump 20 to be subjected to filter pressing and dehydration, filter cakes after dehydration become medium-ash coal t, and filtrate u enters a circulating water tank 25 to be used as circulating water;
the screened water g, the screened water m, the filtrate q and the flotation tailings r are collected through a pipeline and enter a deep cone thickener 22 from a material inlet, the concentration overflow w enters a circulating water tank 25 to be used as circulating water, the concentration underflow v is fed into a plate-and-frame filter press 24 through a filter pressing feeding pump 23 to be subjected to filter pressing dehydration, a filter cake after dehydration becomes tailings x, and the filtrate y enters the circulating water tank 25 to be used as the circulating water;
and part of the circulating water in the circulating water tank 25 is fed into the stirring barrel 2, the stirring barrel 4 and the stirring barrel 9 by using a clean water pump 26 for size mixing, and the other part of the circulating water is used as replenishing water of the composite water medium cyclone 6 and the pulse separator 11 and screening equipment spray water.
Claims (10)
1. The fine separation process of the gasification slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of;
the gasified slag enters a stirring barrel (2) through a belt conveyor (1) to be mixed with water to prepare ore pulp a, the obtained ore pulp a is fed into a vibrating screen (3) with the diameter of a screen hole of 2mm for dehydration and classification, the gasified slag and impurities with the granularity larger than 2mm in the gasified slag ore pulp are removed, and a product on the screen becomes tailings b after dehydration;
the undersize ore pulp c enters a stirring barrel (4) for pulp preparation, and the prepared ore pulp with the ore pulp concentration of 20-30% is tangentially fed into a composite water medium cyclone (6) through a slurry pump (5) for separation;
separating the composite water medium cyclone (6) to obtain an underflow product d and an overflow product e, dehydrating the underflow product d through a dehydrating screen (7) with the diameter of a screen hole of 0.074mm, enabling the dehydrated oversize product to become tailings f, and enabling water g under the screen to enter a thickener (22); an overflow product e of the composite water medium cyclone (6) is deslimed by a desliming sieve (8) with the sieve pore diameter of 0.1mm, an oversize product h after desliming enters a stirring barrel (9) and is mixed with water to prepare ore pulp, the ore pulp is fed into an interference bed separator (11) through a slurry pump (10) for secondary separation, and the undersize ore pulp i of the desliming sieve (8) enters an ore pulp preprocessor (16);
the interference bed separator (11) separates again to obtain a bottom flow product j and an overflow product k, the bottom flow product j is dehydrated through a dehydration sieve (12) with the diameter of a sieve hole of 0.074mm, the product on the sieve after dehydration becomes middle ash coal l, and the water m under the sieve enters a thickener (22); the overflow product k is deslimized by a desliming sieve (13) with the diameter of a sieve pore of 0.1mm, the product n on the sieve after desliming enters a centrifuge (14) for dehydration, and the pulp o under the sieve enters an pulp preprocessor (16);
the product of the centrifuge (14) after dehydration becomes low-ash coal p, and the filtrate q enters a thickener (22); after pulp mixing of the undersize ore pulp i and the undersize ore pulp o is carried out by an ore pulp preprocessor (16) and chemical dosing is carried out by a chemical agent barrel (15), the undersize ore pulp i and the undersize ore pulp o are fed into a flotation column (18) through a feeding pump (17) for flotation, flotation tailings r enter a thickener (22), flotation concentrate s enter a filter pressing feeding barrel (19) and are fed into a filter press (21) through a feeding pump (20) for filter pressing and dehydration, filter cakes become middle ash coal t after the dehydration, and filtrate u enters a circulating water tank (25) to be used as circulating water.
2. The fine separation process of gasification slag according to claim 1, wherein the water g under the screen, the water m under the screen, the filtrate q and the flotation tailings r enter a thickener (22) for concentration, the concentration overflow w enters a circulating water pool (25) to be used as circulating water, the concentration underflow v is fed into a filter press (24) through a filter press feeding pump (23) for filter pressing and dehydration, a filter cake after dehydration becomes tailings x, and the filtrate y enters the circulating water pool (25) to be used as circulating water;
and part of the circulating water in the circulating water tank (25) is fed into the stirring barrel (2), the stirring barrel (4) and the stirring barrel (9) by using a clean water pump (26) for size mixing, and the other part of the circulating water is used as replenishing water of the composite water medium cyclone (6) and the interference bed separator (11) and screening equipment spray water.
3. The fine separation process of gasification slag according to claim 1, wherein the de-slimed ore pulp i and ore pulp o can directly enter a thickener (22) for concentration without flotation, and are subjected to pressure filtration by a pressure filter (24) to form tailings.
4. The fine separation process of gasification slag according to claim 1, wherein the separation method finally obtains three products: low ash coal, medium ash coal and tailings.
5. The fine separation process of gasification slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vibrating screen (3) is a linear single-layer vibrating screen with model ZS.
6. The fine separation process of the gasification slag according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the composite hydrocyclone (6) is 200mm, and the taper angle is selected from a large taper angle of 80-150 degrees;
the diameter of a secondary water inlet hole of the 6 cylindrical section of the composite water medium cyclone is 3mm, and is 45 degrees with the tangent line.
7. A fine separation process of gasification slag according to claim 1, characterized in that the dewatering screens (7, 12, 8, 13) are high frequency vibrating screens.
8. A fine separation process of gasification slag according to claim 1, characterized in that the TBS or a 1000mm diameter step pulse separator is selected as the disturbing bed separator (11).
9. A fine sorting process of gasification slag according to claim 1, wherein the centrifuge (14) is a decanter centrifuge.
10. A fine classification process of gasification slag according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickener (22) is a selective deep cone thickener or a high efficiency thickener.
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| CN202211332261.4A CN115646638A (en) | 2022-10-28 | 2022-10-28 | Gasification slag fine separation process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116851408A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-10 | 碳达(深圳)新材料技术有限责任公司 | Gas slag treatment device and method |
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- 2022-10-28 CN CN202211332261.4A patent/CN115646638A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116851408A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-10 | 碳达(深圳)新材料技术有限责任公司 | Gas slag treatment device and method |
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