CN116271731A

CN116271731A - Respiration training device

Info

Publication number: CN116271731A
Application number: CN202310337917.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨坤富; 唐丽丽; 雷代洪
Original assignee: Second Affiliated Hospital Army Medical University
Current assignee: Second Affiliated Hospital Army Medical University
Priority date: 2023-03-31
Filing date: 2023-03-31
Publication date: 2023-06-23

Abstract

The invention provides a respiration training device, which comprises a training module, a physical sign detection module and a control module, wherein the training module comprises a filtration and disinfection assembly, a quality detection assembly, a heating assembly, an oxygen regulation assembly, a humidity regulation assembly, a gas regulation cavity, an inspiration control valve, a one-way valve, an expiration control valve, a training detection assembly, an air pipe and a respiratory mask, and the physical sign detection module comprises an abdomen contraction detection assembly, a wound monitoring module and an emotion detection module. The invention can realize the automatic control of the training process and the self-adaptive adjustment of the training intensity by means of the abdomen contraction detection and the training condition monitoring, and can relieve the training pressure of the patient by means of real-time emotion detection and intelligent emotion adjustment thereof.

Description

Respiration training device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rehabilitation training, in particular to a respiration training device.

Background

Thoracic surgery is a specialized medical science, and is used for specially researching intrathoracic organs, mainly for diagnosing and treating esophagus, lung and mediastinum lesions.

Normal lung function depends on the integrity of lung tissue, the soundness of respiratory muscles, good compliance of the thorax and lung tissue, and good blood flow perfusion of the lung tissue, and the negative pressure is maintained in the pleural cavity, so that the lung is in a good distended state. Before chest surgery, normal lung respiratory function is limited due to the existence of the original basic diseases (lung cancer, chronic obstructive emphysema, etc.) of patients. In chest surgery, as the chest of a patient is opened, the lung on the operative side of the patient is positioned in an open pneumothorax, the effect of lung expansion pulled by negative pressure of the pleural cavity is immediately lost, most of alveoli are atrophic, the alveolar ventilation is reduced, the pulmonary circulation resistance is increased, the qi-blood exchange effect in alveoli is seriously affected, and simultaneously, the chest wall, bronchus and lung tissues are more damaged due to the requirement of expanding the visual field in the operation, so that respiratory motion is further weakened. After chest surgery, patients are extremely tired due to excessive physical exertion, and if the patients feel incision pain during respiration and cough, the patients are stressed and frightened, so that the movement of chest respiratory muscles is limited, the respiratory movement is shallow and rapid, and lung complications such as non-stretching lung, hypoxia and hypercapnia are easy to occur. In summary, chest surgery is unfavorable for the recovery of the patient due to the long operation time, large wound surface, damaged integrity of chest wall, chest distress and hypoxia easily generated by the postoperative patient, and infection of the lung, etc., so that effective respiratory function exercise after operation can improve the lung function of the patient, which is very necessary.

Although some respiratory training devices exist in the prior art, the training mode is relatively mechanical, a patient is required to manually adjust the respiratory training device, and the training effect is required to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems of low automation degree and poor training effect of the breath training device in the prior art, the breath training device provided by the invention comprises a training module, a sign detection module and a control module, wherein the control module is respectively in communication connection with the training module and the sign detection module, and the training module and the control module are integrated in the same shell;

the training module comprises a filtering and sterilizing assembly, a quality detecting assembly, a heating assembly, an oxygen adjusting assembly, a humidity adjusting assembly, a gas adjusting cavity, an inspiration control valve, a one-way valve, an expiration control valve, a training detecting assembly, a gas pipe and a breathing mask, wherein the filtering and sterilizing assembly is arranged at a gas inlet, the quality detecting assembly is arranged between the filtering and sterilizing assembly and the gas adjusting cavity, the heating assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the gas adjusting cavity, the oxygen adjusting assembly and the humidity adjusting assembly are communicated with the gas adjusting cavity, the inspiration control valve is arranged at the tail part of the gas adjusting cavity, the one-way valve is arranged at the inlet of an expiration channel, the expiration control valve is arranged at the tail part of the expiration channel, the training detecting assembly is arranged between the expiration control valve and the gas pipe, and the breathing mask is fixedly connected with the tail end of the gas pipe;

the sign detection module comprises an abdomen contraction detection assembly, a wound monitoring module and an emotion detection module.

Preferably, the quality detection assembly comprises a plurality of detection subgroups, wherein the detection subgroups comprise an oxygen concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, the oxygen concentration sensor, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are distributed at equal intervals along the cross section of the air pipeline, and the detection subgroups are distributed at equal intervals along the movement direction of the air.

Preferably, the training detection assembly comprises an electromagnet, a rotating shaft, a shaft sleeve, rotating blades, a gas flow sensor and a gas flow sensor, wherein the electromagnet is oppositely arranged on the inner wall of the gas pipeline, the polarities of magnetic poles facing one end of the electromagnet are opposite, the rotating shaft is arranged between the electromagnets, two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively fixedly connected with the inner wall of the gas pipeline, the rotating blades are connected with the rotating shaft through the shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is connected with the rotating shaft through a bearing, and the rotating blades have magnetism.

Preferably, the abdomen contraction detection assembly comprises a tension sensor, a spring and an elastic bellyband, wherein two ends of the tension sensor are connected with the elastic bellyband through the spring, and the tension sensor is used for judging whether a patient is inhaling or exhaling currently.

Preferably, the emotion detection module comprises an annular structure with adjustable size, the annular structure can be worn on the head of a patient, a signal acquisition electrode, a signal discharge circuit, a filter circuit, an AD conversion circuit and a signal transmission circuit are arranged on the annular structure, the signal acquisition electrode comprises three induction electrodes E1, E2 and E3 which are connected with self-adhesive electrode plates attached to the skin surface of the body, the self-adhesive electrode plates are respectively attached to the left forehead, the right forehead and the ears, the signal acquisition electrode, the signal discharge circuit, the filter circuit and the AD conversion circuit are used for preprocessing acquired brain electrical signals, and the processed brain electrical signals are sent to the control module through the signal transmission circuit.

Preferably, the control module comprises an air quality control component, a training channel control component, an emergency processing component, a breath training comprehensive control component, a emotion judging component, a training condition monitoring component, a training assistance control component and an emotion adjusting component.

Preferably, the air quality control component is configured to receive detection data from the quality detection component, obtain temperature and humidity of the incoming air through processing, determine whether the temperature and humidity are within a proper range, and if not, control the heating component and/or the humidity adjustment component to operate so as to improve air quality.

Preferably, the training channel control component receives the detection data of the abdomen contraction detection component, if the detection data is greater than or equal to a reference value, the inspiration control valve is controlled to be opened, the expiration control valve is closed, and if the detection data is smaller than the reference value, the expiration control valve is controlled to be opened, and the inspiration control valve is controlled to be closed.

Preferably, the emergency processing component is configured to receive vibration data and infrared data of the wound monitoring module, determine, based on the monitoring data, whether abnormal vibration occurs on the wound surface of the patient during training, and whether abnormal temperature change occurs, and if an emergency occurs, immediately call a medical staff, and instruct the patient to perform correct operation through voice.

Preferably, the breath training integrated control component controls and coordinates the operations of the emotion judging component, the training condition monitoring component, the training assistance control component and the emotion adjusting component, and mainly comprises two functions: 1) The training condition monitoring component judges the training state of the patient according to the data from the training detection component, when the patient trains easily, the magnetic field intensity in the training detection component is properly enhanced, the training difficulty is improved, when the patient trains difficultly, the magnetic field intensity in the training detection component is reduced, the oxygen adjusting component is controlled to release oxygen, the oxygen concentration in the inhaled air is improved, and the training difficulty is reduced; 2) The emotion judging component receives the electroencephalogram signal from the emotion detection module, judges the current emotion state of the patient according to the electroencephalogram signal, acquires proper music by calling the ChatGPT based on the emotion state, and plays the music through the voice player so as to adjust the mood of the patient.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) The air of the input device is regulated in all directions, so that the comfort of breathing training can be ensured;

2) By means of abdomen contraction detection and training condition monitoring, automatic control of the training process and self-adaptive adjustment of training intensity can be realized;

3) The training pressure of a patient is relieved through real-time emotion detection and intelligent emotion adjustment thereof;

4) The safety of the training process is ensured through wound monitoring.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a respiratory training apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a training module of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a training detection assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an abdominal contraction detection assembly according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a block diagram of a wound monitoring unit of the present invention.

In the figure, the device comprises a 1-filtration and disinfection component, a 2-quality detection component, a 3-heating component, a 4-oxygen regulation component, a 5-humidity regulation component, a 6-gas regulation cavity, a 7-inhalation control valve, an 8-one-way valve, a 9-exhalation control valve, a 10-training detection component, 101, 102-electromagnets, 103-rotating shafts, 104-shaft sleeves, 105-rotating blades, 106-gas flow sensors, 107-gas flow sensors, 11-gas pipes, 12-breathing hoods, 13-tension sensors, 14-springs, 15-elastic bellyband, a 16-position fixing structure, 17-vibration sensors, 18-angle adjustment platforms, 19-miniature infrared sensors and 20-data wireless transmission circuits.

Detailed Description

For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the respiratory training device provided by the invention comprises a training module, a sign detection module and a control module, wherein the control module is respectively in communication connection with the training module and the sign detection module, and the training module and the control module are integrated in the same shell.

As shown in fig. 2, the training module is mainly used for respiratory training, and comprises a filtering and disinfecting assembly 1, a quality detection assembly 2, a heating assembly 3, an oxygen adjusting assembly 4, a humidity adjusting assembly 5, a gas adjusting cavity 6, an inhalation control valve 7, a one-way valve 8, an exhalation control valve 9, a training detection assembly 10, a gas pipe 11 and a breathing mask 12. The filter sterilization assembly 1 is arranged at the air inlet and is used for filtering and sterilizing inhaled air, the filter sterilization assembly 1 is of a cylindrical structure and is divided into a filter cavity and a sterilization cavity, active carbon is filled in the filter cavity, and ultraviolet sterilization lamps are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the sterilization cavity. The quality detection assembly 2 is arranged between the filtering and disinfecting assembly 1 and the gas adjusting cavity 6 and comprises an oxygen concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, wherein the oxygen concentration sensor, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are all arranged on the inner wall of the air pipeline, a plurality of detection groups can be arranged for improving detection precision, each detection group comprises an oxygen concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, the oxygen concentration sensor, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are distributed at equal intervals along the cross section of the air pipeline, a plurality of detection groups are distributed at equal intervals along the movement direction of air, and the quality detection assembly 2 is used for detecting the temperature, the humidity and the oxygen content of inhaled air and transmitting data to the control module to provide basis for subsequent adjustment. The heating assembly 3 is a heating wire arranged on the inner wall of the gas regulating cavity 6 and is used for regulating the temperature of the sucked air. The oxygen adjusting component 4 comprises a small-sized compressed oxygen tank and an electric control valve, and is used for adjusting the oxygen content in the sucked air, and the small-sized compressed oxygen tank adopts a modularized design, so that the small-sized compressed oxygen tank is convenient to replace. The humidity adjusting component 5 comprises an ultrasonic humidifying module and a vapor vaporizing cavity, and the distilled water in the vapor vaporizing cavity is atomized through the ultrasonic humidifying module and used for adjusting the humidity of inhaled air. The oxygen regulating component 4 and the humidity regulating component 5 are communicated with the gas regulating cavity 6. The air suction control valve 7 is arranged at the tail part of the air adjusting cavity 6 and is used for controlling whether the air suction channel is conducted or not. A one-way valve 8 is provided at the inlet of the exhalation passageways to ensure that gas is not only expelled during exhalation. An expiration control valve 9 is arranged at the tail part of the expiration channel and is used for controlling whether the expiration channel is conducted or not. The training detection assembly 10 is arranged between the exhalation control valve 9 and the air tube 11 and is used for detecting the breathing condition of a patient and controlling the breathing training difficulty according to the actual condition of the patient, as shown in fig. 3, the training detection assembly 10 comprises

electromagnets

101 and 102, a rotating shaft 103, a shaft sleeve 104, a rotating blade 105, an air flow sensor 106 and an air flow sensor 107, wherein the

electromagnets

101 and 102 are oppositely arranged on the inner wall of the air tube, the polarities of magnetic poles facing one another are opposite, the rotating shaft 103 is arranged between the

electromagnets

101 and 102, the two ends are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air tube, the rotating blade 105 is connected with the rotating shaft 103 through the shaft sleeve 104, the shaft sleeve 104 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 103 and is connected with the rotating shaft 103 through a bearing, the boundary of the rotating blade 105 is close to the

electromagnets

101 and 102 and the inner wall of the air tube, but is not in contact with the

electromagnets

101 and 102 and the inner wall of the air tube, the rotating blade 50 has magnetism, the air can drive the rotating blade 105 to rotate around the rotating shaft 103 to cut off the magnetic induction lines generated by the

electromagnets

101 and 102 in the breathing training process, the control module can adjust the rotating resistance of the electromagnet 101 and the air flow sensor 107 according to the magnetic field strength generated by the rotating blade 101 and the air flow sensor 107, and the rotating resistance of the rotating blade is adjusted to be high, and the requirements are met, and the requirements of the rotating resistance of the patient can be adjusted. The trachea 11 is connected between training detection assembly 10 and respiratory mask 12, and respiratory mask 12 fixed connection is at the trachea 11 end.

The physical sign detection module comprises an abdomen contraction detection component, a wound monitoring module and an emotion detection module. As shown in fig. 4, the abdomen contraction detecting assembly includes a high-precision tension sensor 13, a spring 14 and an elastic bellyband 15, which are provided with a wireless module, wherein two ends of the tension sensor 13 are connected with the elastic bellyband 15 through the spring 14, and are used for judging whether a patient is inhaling or exhaling currently. The wound monitoring module includes a plurality of wound monitoring units, as shown in fig. 5, the wound monitoring unit includes fixed structure 16, vibration sensor 17, angle adjustment platform 18, miniature infrared sensor 19 and data wireless transmission circuit 20, acceleration sensor 17, angle adjustment platform 18 and data wireless transmission circuit 18 all set up on fixed structure 16, miniature infrared sensor 19 sets up in angle adjustment platform 18, angle adjustment platform 18 can carry out 360 degrees rotations, be used for aiming miniature infrared sensor 19 at the wound position, in the training process, fix a plurality of wound monitoring units around the chest surgery wound face, send monitoring data to control module. The emotion detection module comprises an annular structure with adjustable size, the annular structure is worn on the head of a patient, a signal acquisition electrode, a signal discharge circuit, a filter circuit, an AD conversion circuit and a signal transmission circuit are arranged on the annular structure, the signal acquisition electrode comprises three induction electrodes E1, E2 and E3 which are connected with self-adhesive electrode plates attached to the skin surface of the body, the self-adhesive electrode plates are respectively attached to the left forehead, the right forehead and the ears, the signal acquisition electrode, the signal discharge circuit, the filter circuit and the AD conversion circuit are used for preprocessing acquired brain electrical signals, and the processed brain electrical signals are sent to the control module through the signal transmission circuit.

The control module comprises an air quality control component, a training channel control component, an emergency processing component, a breath training comprehensive control component, an emotion judging component, a training condition monitoring component, a training assistance control component and an emotion adjusting component. The air quality control component is used for receiving detection data of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, acquiring the temperature and the humidity of the entering air through processing, wherein the proper range of the temperature is 22-26 ℃, the proper range of the humidity is 40-50%, judging whether the temperature and the humidity are in the proper range, and if the temperature and the humidity are not in the proper range, controlling the heating component 3 and/or the humidity adjusting component 5 to work so as to improve the air quality. The training channel control component receives the detection data of the abdomen contraction detection component, controls to open the inspiration control valve 7 and close the expiration control valve 9 if the detection data is larger than or equal to the reference value, and controls to open the expiration control valve 9 and close the inspiration control valve 7 if the detection data is smaller than the reference value. The emergency processing component is used for receiving vibration data and infrared data of the wound monitoring module, judging whether abnormal vibration occurs on the wound surface of the patient in the training process or not based on the monitoring data, and if abnormal temperature change occurs, calling medical staff immediately and guiding the patient to operate correctly through voice if emergency occurs. Breath training integrated control component, emotion judge component, training situation monitoring component, training helping hand control component and emotion regulation subassembly mutually support for carry out intelligent control to training process, in order to realize better training effect. The emotion judging component receives the electroencephalogram signals from the emotion detection module, extracts characteristic waveforms by adopting methods such as band-pass filtering, wavelet transformation and power spectrum analysis, specifically, processes signals by adopting different band-pass filters, extracts delta frequency band, theta frequency band, alpha frequency band, beta frequency band and gamma frequency band, simultaneously selects 5 seconds of data to extract amplitude, maximum value and minimum value, adopts DB wavelet to realize multi-layer decomposition on the signals, adopts an AR power spectrum analysis method to analyze the power of each layer of signals, adopts an independent component analysis method to perform dimension reduction processing on the extracted characteristic waveforms, and adopts a linear discriminant analysis algorithm to perform emotion recognition on the dimension reduced characteristic waveforms to judge whether a patient is in a negative state or in a positive state currently. The training condition monitoring component receives data from the gas flow sensor and the gas flow rate sensor in the training detection component and judges whether the training state of the patient is relaxed or difficult. The training assistance control component controls the oxygen adjusting component and the magnetic field intensity in the training detection component, so that the self-adaptive control of the training intensity is realized. The emotion regulating component invokes the ChatGPT through an API interface provided by OpenAI company, the current official API is based on a GPT-3.5-turbo model, which is the fastest, cheapest and most flexible model in the GPT-3.5 series, and the emotion regulating component can form a question sentence according to personal information such as gender, age, occupation and the like of a patient and the current emotion state, for example, a teacher aged 35 is low in emotion at present and is suitable for listening to what music is good for the mood of the teacher, the question sentence is provided for the ChatGPT, a proper song list is obtained, and the question sentence is played through a voice player so as to regulate the mood of the patient. The breath training comprehensive control component controls and coordinates the work of the emotion judging component, the training condition monitoring component, the training power assisting control component and the emotion adjusting component and mainly comprises two functions: 1) The training assistance control component is controlled according to the judgment result of the training condition monitoring component, specifically, when a patient trains easily, the magnetic field intensity is properly enhanced, the training difficulty is improved, when the patient trains difficultly, the magnetic field intensity is reduced, the oxygen adjusting component is controlled to release oxygen, the oxygen concentration in inhaled air is improved, the training difficulty is reduced, and the patient is helped to establish confidence; 2) And monitoring the mood of the patient in real time according to the mood judging component, and correspondingly adjusting the played music through the mood adjusting component.

4) The safety of the training process is ensured through wound monitoring.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that equivalent changes to the solution of the present invention without departing from the design structure and principle of the present invention are considered as the protection scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The breathing training device is characterized by comprising a training module, a physical sign detection module and a control module, wherein the control module is respectively in communication connection with the training module and the physical sign detection module, and the training module and the control module are integrated in the same shell;

2. The respiratory training device of claim 1, wherein the quality detection assembly comprises a plurality of detection subgroups, the detection subgroups comprising an oxygen concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor, the oxygen concentration sensor, the temperature sensor, and the humidity sensor being equally spaced along a cross-section of the air conduit, the plurality of detection subgroups being equally spaced along a direction of movement of the air.

3. The respiratory training device of claim 1, wherein the training detection assembly comprises an electromagnet, a rotating shaft, a shaft sleeve, rotating blades, a gas flow sensor and a gas flow sensor, wherein the electromagnets are oppositely arranged on the inner wall of the gas pipeline, the polarities of magnetic poles of one ends facing each other are opposite, the rotating shaft is arranged between the electromagnets, the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively fixedly connected with the inner wall of the gas pipeline, the rotating blades are connected with the rotating shaft through the shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is connected with the rotating shaft through a bearing, and the rotating blades have magnetism.

4. The respiratory training device of claim 1, wherein the abdominal contraction detection assembly comprises a tension sensor, a spring, and an elastic bellyband, wherein two ends of the tension sensor are connected with the elastic bellyband through the spring for judging whether the patient is inhaling or exhaling currently.

5. The respiratory training device according to claim 1, wherein the emotion detection module comprises a ring structure with adjustable size, the ring structure can be worn on the head of a patient, a signal acquisition electrode, a signal discharge circuit, a filter circuit, an AD conversion circuit and a signal transmission circuit are arranged on the ring structure, the signal acquisition electrode comprises three induction electrodes E1, E2 and E3 which are connected with a self-adhesive electrode piece attached to the skin surface of the body, the self-adhesive electrode piece is respectively attached to the left forehead, the right forehead and the ear, the acquired brain electrical signals are preprocessed through the signal discharge circuit, the filter circuit and the AD conversion circuit, and the processed brain electrical signals are sent to the control module through the signal transmission circuit.

6. The respiratory training device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the control module comprises an air quality control component, a training channel control component, an emergency handling component, a respiratory training integrated control component, a mood determination component, a training condition monitoring component, a training assistance control component, and a mood adjustment component.

7. The respiratory training apparatus of claim 6 wherein the air quality control assembly is configured to receive the sensed data from the quality sensing assembly, process the sensed temperature and humidity of the incoming air, determine if the temperature and humidity are within a suitable range, and if not, control the heating assembly and/or the humidity conditioning assembly to operate to improve the air quality.

8. The respiratory training device of claim 6, wherein the training channel control assembly receives the detection data from the abdominal contraction detection assembly, controls the inhalation control valve to open and controls the exhalation control valve to close if the detection data is greater than or equal to a baseline value, and controls the exhalation control valve to open and controls the inhalation control valve to close if the detection data is less than the baseline value.

9. The respiratory training apparatus of claim 6 wherein the emergency processing component is configured to receive vibration data and infrared data from the wound monitoring module, determine whether abnormal vibration of the patient's wound bed occurs during training based on the monitoring data, and if an emergency occurs, immediately call a healthcare worker and instruct the patient to perform the correct operation by voice.

10. The respiratory training device of claim 6, wherein the respiratory training integrated control component controls and coordinates the operation of the emotion judgment component, the training condition monitoring component, the training assistance control component, and the emotion adjustment component, consisting essentially of two functions: 1) The training condition monitoring component judges the training state of the patient according to the data from the training detection component, when the patient trains easily, the magnetic field intensity in the training detection component is properly enhanced, the training difficulty is improved, when the patient trains difficultly, the magnetic field intensity in the training detection component is reduced, the oxygen adjusting component is controlled to release oxygen, the oxygen concentration in the inhaled air is improved, and the training difficulty is reduced; 2) The emotion judging component receives the electroencephalogram signal from the emotion detection module, judges the current emotion state of the patient according to the electroencephalogram signal, acquires proper music by calling the ChatGPT based on the emotion state, and plays the music through the voice player so as to adjust the mood of the patient.