CN116267802B - Establishment method and application of orius sibiricus population in orchard - Google Patents
Establishment method and application of orius sibiricus population in orchard Download PDFInfo
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- CN116267802B CN116267802B CN202211499859.2A CN202211499859A CN116267802B CN 116267802 B CN116267802 B CN 116267802B CN 202211499859 A CN202211499859 A CN 202211499859A CN 116267802 B CN116267802 B CN 116267802B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for establishing a lygus cissus population in an orchard and application thereof, which comprises the steps of reserving or planting madder weeds in the orchard, so that the madder weeds account for at least 30% of the weeds in the orchard, the establishment of the lygus cissus population in the orchard is facilitated, and the quantity of the lygus cissus is increased. The invention can solve the problems of difficult survival and difficult establishment of population of artificially released lygus cissus in the wild, is beneficial to maintaining and establishing the lygus cissus population in the mango orchard, improves the utilization rate of the lygus cissus, and increases the effect of continuously applying the lygus cissus to the orchard for preventing and controlling various pests such as thrips, white fly, aphids, leafhoppers, spider mites and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of population establishment, in particular to a method for establishing a adelphocoris xisha population in an orchard and application thereof.
Background
Mango MANGIFERA INDICA is an important tropical and subtropical fruit, and is mainly planted in areas of Hainan, guangxi, yunnan, sichuan and the like in China, wherein the area of the mango is over 400 ten thousand mu. The mango industry forms an important component of the hot-zone agriculture and rural economy in China, and plays an important role in accelerating the lean and rich removal of people in the hot zone, increasing the income of peasants, promoting the adjustment of the agricultural structure in the hot zone and the like. Along with the expansion of the mango planting area, mango pests are in a aggravating trend, and small pests such as thrips, spider mites, leafhoppers, gall midges and the like are especially exploded into disasters in the mango main production area of China, so that great threat is brought to the development of mango industry.
The lygus cissus Geocoris xishaensis is a new predatory natural enemy reported in 2021 in China, has various food types in nature, and can predate various pests such as thrips, whiteflies, aphids, leafhoppers, spider mites and the like; has stronger high temperature resistance, also often occurs in a greenhouse in summer, and has wide application prospect. In the early stage, the orius cissus can be artificially fed indoors (ZL 202110741602.2), and an important basis is provided for field application. However, when the lygus cissus was released in the clear-cultivated mango orchard, it was found to have very low survival rates in the orchard, low predatory capacity, and no progeny were found to be produced in the mango tree. Therefore, how to improve the survival rate and the colonisation ability of the lygus cissus in the mango orchard is a key ring of application of the lygus cissus in the mango orchard.
Numerous studies have shown that the survival rate and the colonisation ability of predatory bugs in the field can be significantly improved by configuring specific plants (such as carrier plants or flowering plants) in crop habitats, thereby improving the control efficiency and the effect thereof. For example, by planting broad beans in a tea garden, the clustering capacity and the control effect of the orius soleus in the south can be obviously improved. In recent years, we have found adults and nymphs of orius cissus among the mangiferous weeds in the areas of three-fold Hainan, ledong, chang River, oriental, etc., which indicate that there are key weeds in the areas of mangiferum that can affect survival and colonisation of orius cissus. Based on the method, the invention surveys and screens the weed species and functions of the mango orchard to find out weeds which can be maintained and established for the field population of the lygus cissus and an application method.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for establishing a cyrtomium fortunei population in an orchard and application thereof, which are beneficial to maintaining and establishing the cyrtomium fortunei population in the orchard and improving the colonisation capacity and the control effect of the cyrtomium fortunei.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
In one aspect, the invention provides a method for establishing a plant bug population in an orchard, which comprises the steps of reserving or planting madder weeds in the orchard, so that the madder weeds account for at least 30% of the weeds in the orchard, thereby being beneficial to establishing the plant bug population in the orchard and improving the quantity of the plant bug population.
Still further, the alizarine weeds comprise at least 60% of orchard weeds.
Further, the coverage of the madder weeds is 30-80%.
Further, the weeds in the Rubiaceae are alfalfa and/or broadleaf fenugreek.
Still further, the weeds of the family Rubiaceae are alfalfa.
Further, the method comprises the steps of reserving or planting dayflower weeds and/or euphorbiaceae weeds in an orchard, so that the dayflower weeds and/or euphorbiaceae weeds account for at least 30% of the orchard weeds, the establishment of the adelphocoris xishaeformis population in the orchard is facilitated, and the quantity of the adelphocoris xishaeformis is improved.
Still further, the Commelinaceae weed is Pachyrhizus fimbriata.
Still further, the euphorbiaceae weed is euphorbia hirta.
Further, the orchard is a mango orchard.
On the other hand, the invention provides application of the establishment method to establishment and maintenance of the adelphocoris cissus population in the orchard.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention can solve the problems of difficult survival and difficult establishment of population of the artificially released lygus cissus in the wild, is beneficial to maintaining and establishing the population of the lygus cissus in the mango orchard, improves the utilization rate of the lygus cissus, and increases the effect of the lygus cissus on pest control in the orchard continuously applied to the orchard.
The black alfalfa, the broadleaf fenghua grass, the rice grass and the garden euphorbia herb are widely distributed in the orchards of the areas of Hainan, guangxi, guangdong, fujian, taiwan and the like, and the method has the advantages of strong adaptability, drought resistance, cold and heat resistance, high yield, high growth speed, capability of improving soil and great popularization value.
The alfalfa is adopted to help maintain and establish the population of the orius soleus in the orchard, and the orchard is improved in preventing and controlling various pests such as thrips, white flies, aphids, leafhoppers, spider mites and the like; the population of the orius cistus can be established on the alfalfa by artificially planting the alfalfa and introducing the orius cistus.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the selection of different weeds by Apolygus cissus.
FIG. 2 is the number of alfalfa and natural grass origanum majoris.
Figure 3 number of lygus cissus per alfalfa with different coverage, notes: different letters represent significant differences between the data.
FIG. 4 effect of coexistence of other weeds with alfalfa on the number of lygus cistus on alfalfa.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the following provides specific examples to further illustrate the present invention.
The experimental methods used in the embodiment of the invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents, and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1-mango orchard naturally occurring grass species and frequency of detection of Changchun orius
The weeds in 4 grass-retaining mango orchards of Ledong (Buddha's ro, mo Zhong farm) and Santong (2) were investigated by a foot-print method, and samples were collected and identified. Placing a enamel tray below weeds, shaking insects on the weeds into the tray and taking the insects back into the room for collection of the cyamopsis schlegeli, wherein the investigation time is 20 days in 3 months in 2020 to 11 months in 2020, the investigation is about 1 time per month, and the total investigation is 8 times. The identification shows that the total quantity of 29 weeds in 4 mango orchards is mainly concentrated in 5 meshes of platycodon, rosacea, central seed, graminea and madder; statistics were performed on the orius majoris on 29 naturally occurring grasses, with the frequency found to be the most in orius majoris on alfalfa 30 times, followed by 10 times on meadow grass, 6 times on euphorbia hirta, 5 times on broadleaf clover. From the results of the investigation, the lygus cissus prefers to perch on the alfalfa.
Table 1 investigation of weed species in mango orchard and statistics of frequency of finding adelphocoris cissus
Example 2 selection of different weeds by Apostigma fasciatus
Fresh alfalfa, broadleaf grass, garden euphorbia herb and rice grass are collected from the same mango garden, 4 kinds of grass are cut to about 10 cm, and then 8 pieces of grass are wrapped by toilet paper for moisturizing. Taking an acrylic box with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height of 30 cm multiplied by 30 multiplied by cm multiplied by 30 cm, and randomly placing the prepared 4 kinds of grass at 4 corners in the box, wherein only one kind of grass is arranged at each corner; a culture dish with the diameter of 6 cm is placed in the center of the box body, and toilet paper moistened by clean water is placed in the dish. 100 pieces of orius cissus are selected and poured into a culture dish, the quantity of orius cissus on each weed is counted after 2h pieces of orius cissus, and the test is repeated 3 times.
From fig. 1, the highest selectivity of lygus cissus to alfalfa was found by statistics to be about 46.33%; and the second is broadleaf Fenghua grass, which accounts for about 33.67 percent.
Example 3-Effect of alfalfa in mango orchards on the dynamics of the Sichuan large eye population
The test was performed on a mango base in the Ledong Luo Longmu Bay, where two approximately 4 mu of lagenaria was selected for the test, and the linear distance between the two places was approximately 150 m. The weeds in two fields take gramineae-based goosegrass and crabgrass as absolute dominant species, accounting for 74.8% of the weeds in the whole orchard, and the second is alfalfa accounting for about 22.2%, and the other weeds such as broadleaf fenugreek grass, rice grass, nutgrass, silver amaranth, aster, and the like account for about 3%. Weeds except the alfalfa are removed by manual weeding from the beginning of 12 months in 2020, and the alfalfa is left as a test after growing for 120 days; likewise, the natural grass was left for the test after its growth of 120 d. Five-point sampling method is adopted to suck the insects on the alfalfa and the natural grass by a fluke machine, each point is sucked for 1m 2 times, the suction time is 1 min, the suction time is 1 time per month, and the suction is continued for 5 months. All the sucked insects are brought back to indoor inspection, and the quantity of the lygus cissus is counted.
From the results of fig. 2, it was found that, after 4 months of independent planting of alfalfa, the number of cyrtomium fortunei on alfalfa was 3.5-6.7 times higher than that on natural grass, wherein the number of cyrtomium fortunei sucked on alfalfa in 6 months and 8 months was the highest, respectively 101 and 144, whereas cyrtomium fortunei in natural grass was the highest, respectively 23 and 30. The above results demonstrate that alfalfa alone was beneficial to the establishment and growth of the cissama macrophylla population.
Example 4 influence of alfalfa coverage on the number of lygus cistus
The test was performed on a mango base in the Bay of Ledong Buddha Luo Longmu, in particular on a mango base where alfalfa is left in place, approximately 2 mu. The ground alfalfa was classified into four gradient coverage of 10%, 30%, 60% and 80% using grid visual inspection (grid 1 m x 1 m). 1 plant of alfalfa with each gradient is randomly extracted, a enamel tray is placed on the ground, insects on the alfalfa are shaken off into the enamel tray, the number of lygus dorsum in the tray is counted, and the process is repeated for 5 times.
From the results of fig. 3, it was found that when the coverage of the alfalfa was 30% and above, the number of lygus cistema per plant was significantly higher than that of the 10% coverage alfalfa.
Example 5 effect of coexistence of other weeds with alfalfa on the number of lygus cistus on alfalfa
The test is carried out on mango bases in the Bay of Ledong Buddha Luo Longmu, the mango bases with grass left in the bases are about 5 mu, the weeds in the gardens take grass-like gooseberry and crabgrass as absolute dominant species, the weeds account for 74.8% of the weeds in the whole orchard, the alfalfa accounts for about 22.2%, and other weeds such as broadleaf fenugreek grass, rice grass, nutgrass, silver amaranth, bluegrass and the like account for about 3%. The mesh investigation method (mesh 1m ×1 m) was used, and alfalfa was used as the main subject to set four treatments of 10%, 30%, 60% and 80% of all weeds in the mesh, each treatment being repeated 5 times. Randomly selecting a alfalfa strain in each grid, shaking the insects on the alfalfa strain into a enamel tray, and counting the number of the lygus cissus.
As shown in the results of FIG. 4, the coexistence of other weeds and the alfalfa affects the population quantity of the Sichuan orius, but when the alfalfa accounts for more than 60% of all weeds, the quantity of the orius on the single alfalfa tends to be stable.
Example 6 influence of alfalfa on survival and progeny of lygus cistus
In order to simulate whether the population can be established by manually introducing the lygus cissus after the black alfalfa is planted in the cultivation area, soil (sandy soil) is collected from a mango base of a gulf of Ledonglong, the soil is placed in a flowerpot (the diameter is 9 cm and the height is 15 cm), the black alfalfa with the plant height of about 20 and cm is collected from the field and transplanted into the flowerpot, the above participated insects or mites are manually removed, and after 7 d, the black alfalfa is reserved after normal growth. Placing the alfalfa with the soil into an acrylic box with the volume of 30 cm multiplied by 30 cm multiplied by 30 cm, and then introducing 15 pairs of adult lygus cissus onto the alfalfa; and (3) only putting sand into a control flowerpot (simulating soil cleaning), and covering a layer of dried mango leaves. Spraying a proper amount of clear water onto alfalfa leaves or dried mango leaves every 2d a, and providing about 100 inactivated rice moth eggs (which cannot hatch) onto the leaves. The survival rate of the adult cerclage plant bug is counted after 4d and the adult cerclage plant bug is removed, 100 inactivated rice moth eggs are provided every 2d after 7 d, the number of the cerclage plant bug nymphs on the alfalfa and mango dead leaves is counted after 7 d is continuously cultivated, and the control and treatment are repeated for 3 times.
The results show that the survival rate of lygus grandis was significantly increased after providing alfalfa compared to providing mango leaf blight, and that the number of nymphs produced on alfalfa was 11 times higher than that of the number of nymphs provided on only dried mango leaves. This experiment demonstrates that it is also possible to establish populations on alfalfa by artificial planting of alfalfa and introduction of lygus cissus.
Table 2 provides the effect of alfalfa and mango leaf blight on survival and progeny of Changchun bug
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The establishment method of the orius cissus population in the orchard is characterized by comprising the steps of reserving or planting madder weeds in the orchard, so that the madder weeds account for at least 30% of the orchard weeds, the establishment of the orius cissus population in the orchard is facilitated, and the quantity of the orius cissus is improved; the weeds in the Rubiaceae are alfalfa and/or broadleaf Fenghua.
2. A method of establishing a population of orius cissus in an orchard according to claim 1, wherein the weeds in the family rubiaceae are at least 60% of the weeds in the orchard.
3. A method of establishing a population of orius cissus in an orchard according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cover of the rubiaceae weeds is between 30 and 80%.
4. The method of establishing a population of orius cissus in an orchard according to claim 1, wherein the weeds of the family rubiaceae are alfalfa.
5. The method for establishing a plant bug population in an orchard according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the steps of reserving or planting dayflower weeds and/or euphorbiaceae weeds in the orchard, so that the dayflower weeds and/or euphorbiaceae weeds account for at least 30% of the orchard weeds, thereby facilitating establishment of the plant bug population in the orchard and improving the quantity of the plant bug; the Commelinaceae weeds are meadow grass; the Euphorbiaceae weed is Euphorbia hirta.
6. The method of establishing a population of lygus cissus in an orchard according to claim 1, wherein the orchard is a mango orchard.
7. Use of the method for establishing a population of orius cissus in an orchard according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for establishing and maintaining a population of orius cissus in an orchard.
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| CN103598037A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2014-02-26 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for protecting natural enemy insects by planting sunflower luring belt in tobacco field |
| CN106818652A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of trichogramma plant supports system and construction method |
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| CN110140565A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-08-20 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of method of child care proliferation rice field predatory natural enemy insect |
| WO2022063988A1 (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-03-31 | Agrobío, S.L. | Methods and compositions for rearing predator insects |
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| CN103598037A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2014-02-26 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for protecting natural enemy insects by planting sunflower luring belt in tobacco field |
| CN106818652A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of trichogramma plant supports system and construction method |
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