CN116267171A - Potato harvesting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a potato harvesting apparatus, including the frame and set up traction frame in the frame, the one-level transport separating mechanism, second grade transport separating mechanism and side transport elevating system, the frame front end is equipped with the pinch roller, traction frame is located pinch roller upper portion, be located the pinch roller rear end in the frame and be equipped with the excavation component that is used for excavating the potato, be located the pinch roller both sides in the frame and be equipped with respectively and be used for cutting potato seedling's seedling cutting mechanism, one-level transport separating mechanism is located excavation component rear and forms certain angle slope setting with the horizontal plane, second grade transport separating mechanism forms certain angle slope setting in one-level transport separating mechanism's high-end exit below with the horizontal plane, side transport elevating system is located second grade transport separating mechanism rear end. The potato peeling machine has the advantages of high operation efficiency and high potato peeling rate, and effectively avoids damaging potatoes.

Description

Potato harvesting equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to potato harvesting equipment.

Background

70% of damage to potatoes in a mechanized production link comes from a harvesting link and is mainly caused by multiple collisions, repeated friction and comprehensive pressure effects in different directions, which are generated by the effects of static load, shearing, extrusion, vibration, impact load and the like. The peel damage caused by the harvesting link seriously affects the appearance quality of potatoes, and causes that the moisture of potato blocks in the storage link is easy to migrate outwards and is easy to infect germs to rot, so that great economic loss is caused for potato farmers. Therefore, the main technical problems to be solved by the mechanized harvesting of potatoes are the comprehensive control of the peeling and potato damage rate, namely the efficient separation of potato from soil, potato from seedling and potato from stone, and the reduction of the loss in the forms of dynamic damage, tangential scratch and the like. Under the premise of ensuring the separation efficiency and the harvesting quality, the potato blocks are prevented from jumping and refluxing as much as possible, so that the dynamic damage caused by collision, the fatigue accumulation damage caused by repeated friction and the tangential scratch are reduced.

Besides the problems, the existing potato harvesting equipment generally has the technical problems of high operation resistance, easy generation of hilling and blockage, weed winding and the like, so that the problems of high failure rate, high potato damage rate, low potato damage rate, large mechanical damage, low operation efficiency, manual pickup and the like are caused, and therefore, the potato harvesting equipment is required to be designed to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide potato harvesting equipment so as to solve the technical problems that the traditional potato harvesting equipment in the market is difficult to realize efficient separation of potato from soil, potato from seedling and potato from stone, has high operation resistance, is easy to cause choking, has high potato damage rate, low potato rising rate, weed winding and the like in the background art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a potato harvesting apparatus, including the frame and set up traction frame in the frame, the one-level transport separating mechanism, second grade transport separating mechanism and side transport elevating system, the frame front end is equipped with the pinch roller, traction frame is located pinch roller upper portion, be located the pinch roller rear end in the frame and be equipped with the excavation subassembly that is used for excavating the potato, be located the pinch roller both sides in the frame and be equipped with respectively and be used for cutting potato seedling cut seedling mechanism, one-level transport separating mechanism is located excavation subassembly rear and forms the slope setting of certain angle with the horizontal plane, the second grade transport separating mechanism forms the slope setting of certain angle with the horizontal plane in one-level transport separating mechanism's high end exit below, side transport elevating system is located the second grade transport separating mechanism rear end.

Further, a poking roller is arranged between the first-stage conveying and separating mechanism and the excavating component on the frame and used for crushing soil in the potato-soil mixture and conveying the potato-soil mixture to the first-stage conveying and separating mechanism.

Further, the press wheel is connected with the frame through the coupling assembling, and coupling assembling is including setting up the mount in the frame and with the articulated link of mount, press wheel articulates on the link, is equipped with the uide bushing on the mount, is equipped with on the link with uide bushing sliding fit's regulation pole, is equipped with the first mud scraping board that is used for striking off the earth on the press wheel on the link.

Further, the digging assembly includes a plurality of digging shovels spaced apart on the frame.

Further, cut seedling mechanism includes the side support, even board and cuts native disc cutter, even the board both ends respectively with cut native disc cutter and side support articulated, even be connected with the second of being used for striking off soil on the native disc cutter through the fixed plate on the board and scrape the mud board, it is equipped with the floating seat to articulate on the fixed plate, the outside extension of side support is equipped with the backup pad, is equipped with the optical axis that slides and runs through the backup pad on the floating seat, and optical axis outer wall cover is equipped with the spring that is located between backup pad and the floating seat, still is equipped with the locking bolt that is used for preventing backup pad from the optical axis roll-off on the optical axis.

Further, the contained angle of one-level transport separating mechanism and horizontal plane is 10-15 degrees, one-level transport separating mechanism includes cylinder, first transmission shaft and two first pulleys that set up at first transmission shaft, all be equipped with a plurality of take-up pulleys that are the wave and distribute between cylinder and the every first pulley, be equipped with first belt on first pulley, cylinder and the take-up pulley, first belt is the wave, be equipped with a plurality of release levers between two first belts, the release lever includes big bars and little bars, the parcel has the rubber sleeve on big bars and the little bars outer wall respectively, set up a little bars between every two big bars, be equipped with in the frame and be used for driving first transmission shaft pivoted drive arrangement.

Further, the secondary conveying separation mechanism comprises a second transmission shaft, a vibrating mechanism, two driven pulleys and two second pulleys, the two second pulleys are oppositely arranged on the second transmission shaft, the driven pulleys are oppositely arranged on the second pulleys, the driving device is used for driving the second transmission shaft to rotate, second belts are arranged on the second pulleys and the driven pulleys on the same side, a first sieve rod is arranged between the two second belts, the vibrating mechanism is used for beating the first sieve rod, and the vibrating mechanism comprises triangular wheels and a driving motor used for driving the triangular wheels to rotate.

Further, the side conveying lifting mechanism comprises a horizontal conveying device and a side lifting device, and the horizontal conveying device is used for conveying potatoes to the side lifting device.

Further, the horizontal conveying device comprises two symmetrically arranged first conveying chains, and a plurality of second sieve rods are arranged between the two conveying chains.

Further, the side lifting device comprises two symmetrically arranged second conveying chains, and a plurality of third sieve bars are arranged between the two second conveying chains.

The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. according to the potato and soil separation device, the primary conveying separation mechanism is matched with the secondary conveying separation mechanism, so that potato and soil separation is more thorough, the secondary screening rod of the horizontal conveying device and the third screening rod of the side lifting device are combined, a four-stage potato and soil separation effect is achieved, and the potato and soil separation rate is greatly improved.

2. The big bars and the small bars in the first-stage conveying and separating mechanism are arranged at intervals, the whole structure is in an overall wave shape, the small wave shape is also formed between the big bars and the small bars, when the potato soil mixture moves on the big bars and the small bars, the wavy unevenness of the structure can lead soil in the potato soil mixture to be broken in advance, and the big bars and the small bars are different and also provide supporting force for the upward potato soil mixture, so that the potato soil mixture is prevented from being blocked, the resistance is increased, and the follow-up separation step is hindered.

3. The contained angle that separating mechanism and horizontal plane was carried to this one-level of application is 10-15 degrees, sets up the effective separation length that can guarantee to increase the potato piece under the unchangeable circumstances of mechanism total length, guarantees to have reasonable area of contact between potato soil mixture and the release lever to improve separation efficiency, ensure the results quality.

4. The potato harvester is provided with the horizontal conveying device and the side lifting device, after the potato soil mixture is separated in two stages, the potato blocks are directly thrown to the ground by the traditional potato harvester, the potato blocks are waited for being picked up manually, secondary burying of the potato blocks can be caused by the fact that the potato blocks are directly thrown to the ground, and the production rate is reduced.

5. This application cuts native disc sword for floating, and the during operation relies on cutting the frictional force of native disc sword and ground to rotate, and when hard material such as stone had on ground, the stone can be with cutting native disc sword and jack-up upwards, and the spring is compressed this moment, cuts native disc sword and wholly promotes certain height, and later the spring can rebound the former position of cutting native disc sword again, and the structure of floating can effectively avoid cutting native disc sword damage because of hard object in the soil causes, has prolonged the life of cutting native disc sword.

6. This application sets up dials the roller, also can carry out preliminary breakage to the soil that the hardening degree, viscosity are great when carrying out backward transport to potato soil mixture, makes things convenient for follow-up separation.

7. This application pinch roller is floating, can be according to the high automatically regulated of ridge, is provided with first scraper, can the self-cleaning wheel body on the earth of adhesion, possesses adjustability height, accommodation is wide, adjust simple and conveniently, has improved the high adaptability of ridge, is applicable to the operation in the high land parcel of different ridges, has guaranteed the quality of potato harvester results operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the press wheel of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a rear view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a connector of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the adjusting lever of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the shovel of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the seedling cutting mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the primary transport separation mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a two-stage transport separation mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a top view of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the installation of the traction frame of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the traction frame of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a side lift apparatus according to the present invention;

the marks in the figure: 1. the frame, 11, wheels, 2, traction frames, 21, bogies, 22, positioning frames, 3, pressing wheels, 31, fixing frames, 32, connecting frames, 321, side support plates, 322, middle rods, 323, guide brackets, 324, locking nuts, 325, guide support shafts, 33, adjusting rods, 331, guide sections, 332, limit sleeves, 333, threaded sections, 34, first scrapers, 4, seedling cutting mechanisms, 41, side support frames, 41, support plates, 42, connecting plates, 43, soil cutting disc cutters, 44, fixing plates, 45, second scrapers, 46, floating seats, 47, springs, 48, locking bolts, 5, poking rollers, 6, primary conveying separation mechanisms, 61, rollers, 62, tensioning wheels, 621, large wheels, 622, small tensioning wheel, 63, first belt, 64, first transmission shaft, 65, first belt pulley, 66, first transmission sprocket, 67, big grid bar, 68, small grid bar, 7, second stage conveying separating mechanism, 71, second transmission shaft, 72, driven belt pulley, 73, second belt, 74, first sieve bar, 75, triangle wheel, 76, second transmission sprocket, 77, supporting tensioning wheel, 8, horizontal conveying device, 9, side lifting device, 91, lifting frame, 92, second main transmission shaft, 93, baffle, 94, second driving sprocket, 95, third sieve bar, 96, third transmission sprocket, 97, tensioning sprocket, 98, second conveying chain, 10, shovel, 1001, connecting pipe.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "head," "tail," and the like are used as an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Referring to fig. 1-16, the invention provides potato harvesting equipment, which comprises a frame 1, a traction frame 2, a primary conveying and separating mechanism 6, a secondary conveying and separating mechanism 7 and a side conveying and lifting mechanism, wherein the traction frame 2, the primary conveying and separating mechanism 6, the secondary conveying and separating mechanism 7 and the side conveying and lifting mechanism are arranged on the frame 1, a pinch roller 3 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1, the traction frame 2 is arranged at the upper part of the pinch roller 3, an excavating component for excavating potatoes is arranged at the rear end of the pinch roller 3 on the frame 1, seedling cutting mechanisms 4 for cutting potato seedlings are respectively arranged at two sides of the pinch roller 3 on the frame 1, the primary conveying and separating mechanism 6 is arranged behind the excavating component and obliquely at a certain angle with a horizontal plane, the secondary conveying and separating mechanism 7 is obliquely arranged below a high-end outlet of the primary conveying and separating mechanism 6 at a certain angle with the horizontal plane, the side conveying and lifting mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the secondary conveying and separating mechanism 7, and wheels 11 are also arranged at two sides of the frame 1.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 14 and fig. 15, the traction frame 2 comprises a positioning frame 22 arranged on the frame 1 and a traction frame 21 rotationally connected with the positioning frame 22, a chain is further arranged between the positioning frame 22 and the frame 1, the traction frame 21 is connected with a tractor so that the tractor drives the whole machine to move, the steering frame 21 is rotationally connected with the positioning frame 22, vibration, left and right swing and the like can be generated when the tractor pulls, the steering frame 21 can rotate around the positioning frame 22, irreversible rigid damage to the whole machine caused by severe vibration and swing is avoided, the chain is arranged, the effect of distributing pressure can be achieved, and breakage, plastic deformation and the like caused by overlarge pulling force and insufficient mechanical rigidity are avoided when the tractor pulls.

The device is characterized in that a poking roller 5 is arranged between a first-stage conveying and separating mechanism 6 and an excavating component on the frame 1 as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the poking roller 5 is used for crushing soil in potato-soil mixtures and conveying the potato-soil mixtures to the first-stage conveying and separating mechanism 6, the poking roller 5 comprises a screw shaft rotationally connected with the frame 1 and a screw blade arranged on the screw shaft, a poking roller motor for driving the screw shaft to rotate is arranged on the frame, two ends of the screw shaft are rotationally connected with the frame 1 through rotating shafts respectively, one side of the rotating shaft extends out of the side wall of the frame 1 and is connected with an output shaft of the poking roller motor, the poking roller motor drives the rotating shafts to rotate, the screw blade can be used for conveying the potato-soil mixtures backwards on one hand, and on the other hand, the screw blade can be used for preliminary crushing of the soil and facilitates subsequent separation aiming at the problems of high viscosity and the like of soil in certain areas.

As shown in fig. 1-8, two pressing wheels 3 are provided, the pressing wheels 3 can effectively press loose soil and crushed soil blocks on a ridge, the pressing wheels 3 are connected with a frame 1 through a connecting component, the connecting component comprises a fixing frame 31 arranged on the frame 1 and a connecting frame 32 hinged with the fixing frame 31, the pressing wheels 3 are hinged with the connecting frame 32, a guide sleeve is arranged on the fixing frame 31, an adjusting rod 33 which is in sliding fit with the guide sleeve is arranged on the connecting frame 32, a first mud scraping plate 34 for scraping soil on the pressing wheels 3 is arranged on the connecting frame 32, further, the fixing frame 31 is U-shaped, the connecting frame 32 comprises two side support plates 321, one end of each side support plate 321 is hinged with the fixing frame 31, the other end of each side support plate is hinged with one side of the pressing wheel 3, the pressing wheels 3 are positioned between the two side support plates 321, a first mud scraping plate 34 is positioned between the two side support plates 321, a middle rod 322 is also arranged between the two side support plates 321, the middle rod 322 is provided with a guide bracket 323, the guide bracket 323 is provided with a guide support shaft 325, the adjusting rod 33 comprises a guide section 331 and a thread section 333, the guide section 331 is provided with a limit sleeve 332, the thread section 333 penetrates through the guide support shaft 325 in a threaded manner and is locked by a lock nut 324, the guide section 331 is in sliding fit with the guide sleeve, the limit sleeve 332 is positioned between the guide sleeve and the guide support shaft 325, when the adjusting rod 33 moves up to a certain distance, the limit sleeve 332 is abutted against the lower end of the guide sleeve, thereby limiting the upward movement of the adjusting rod 33, avoiding the transitional upward movement of the pressing wheel 3, playing a limiting role, the pressing wheel 3 is floating, when the ridge is high, the pressing wheel 3 moves up, the adjusting rod 33 moves down when the ridge is low, the adjusting rod 33 moves down, the first mud scraping plate 34 is arranged according to the height of the ridge, the mud adhered on the wheel body can be automatically removed, the adjustable potato harvester has the advantages of high adjustability, wide adjustment range, simplicity and convenience in adjustment, high adaptability of ridges, suitability for operation of different high-ridge plots and capability of guaranteeing the quality of harvesting operation of the potato harvester.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 9, the digging assembly comprises a plurality of digging shovels 10 which are arranged on the frame 1 at intervals, the number of the digging shovels 10 is six, the digging shovels 10 are connected with the frame 1 through a cutter bar 1001, the included angle between the digging shovels 10 and the horizontal plane is 13-27 degrees, and a certain soil entering angle is used for assisting, so that the resistance of the machine tool in the working process is greatly reduced, the fuel consumption is saved, the environment is protected, and the energy is saved.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 10, cut seedling mechanism 4 and be equipped with respectively in every press wheel 3 both sides and cut seedling mechanism 4, cut seedling mechanism 4 and include side support 41, even board 42 and cut the soil disc sword 43, cut the edge of soil disc sword 6 along circumference equipartition and have a plurality of breach, even board 42 both ends respectively with cut soil disc sword 43 and side support 41 articulated, be connected with the second scraper 45 that is used for striking off the earth on the soil disc sword 43 through fixed plate 44 on even board 42, second scraper 45 and even board 42 are located the soil disc sword 43 left and right sides, the last articulated floating seat 46 that is equipped with of fixed plate 44, the outside extension of side support 41 is equipped with the backup pad, is equipped with the optical axis that slides and runs through backup pad 411 on the floating seat 46, and the optical axis outer wall cover is equipped with the spring 47 that is located between 411 backup pad and the floating seat 46, still is equipped with on the optical axis and is used for preventing backup pad from the optical axis roll-out locking bolt 48, and the head of locking bolt 48 is greater than the external diameter of optical axis, and this application cuts the soil disc 43 and is the floating, relies on the fixed plate 44 to be connected with the fixed plate 43 and cuts the side support 43 and cut the left and right side support 43, and the side support 43 and cut the side support 43, the side support 43 and cut the side support 4, the side support 4 and cut the side support 4.

Referring to fig. 1 and 11, the primary conveying and separating mechanism 6 includes a roller 61, a first transmission shaft 64, and two first pulleys 65 disposed on the first transmission shaft 64, a plurality of tensioning wheels 62 distributed in a wave shape are disposed between the roller 61 and each first pulley 65, the tensioning wheels 62 include a plurality of large tensioning wheels 621 and a plurality of small tensioning wheels 622, the large tensioning wheels 621 and the small tensioning wheels 622 with wave structures are alternately arranged up and down, the large tensioning wheels 621 are arranged at wave crests, the small tensioning wheels 622 are arranged at wave troughs, first pulleys 65, the roller 61 and the tensioning wheels 62 are provided with first belts 63, the first belts 63 are wave-shaped, a plurality of separating rods are disposed between the two first belts 63, each separating rod includes a large grating rod 67 and a small grating rod 68, rubber sleeves are respectively wrapped on outer walls of the large grating rod 67 and the small grating rod 68, the big bars 67 and the small bars 68 are arranged at intervals, one small bar 68 is arranged between every two big bars 67, a driving device for driving the first transmission shaft 64 to rotate is arranged on the frame 1, the height of the first transmission shaft 64 is higher than that of the roller 61, the first transmission shaft 64 is rotationally connected with the frame 1, the two ends of the first transmission shaft 64 are respectively provided with a first transmission chain wheel 66, the driving device is in transmission connection with the first transmission chain wheels 66 through a chain, the included angle between the primary conveying separation mechanism 6 and the horizontal plane is 10-15 degrees, a certain angle is arranged to ensure that the effective separation length of potato blocks is increased under the condition that the total length of the mechanism is unchanged, reasonable contact area between potato-soil mixtures and the separation bars is ensured, so that the separation efficiency is improved, the harvest quality is ensured, blockage can be prevented, separation is more thorough, and potato block damage is reduced.

This application sets up a little bars 68 between every two big bars 67, big bars 67 and little bars 68 are the interval arrangement to whole structure presents the wave in whole, also presents to little wave between big bars 67 and little bars 68, and when potato soil mixture moved above that, structure department wavy unevenness can make the soil in the potato soil mixture carry out the crushing of step by step, and big bars 67 and little bars 68 are different also for ascending potato soil mixture provides holding power, prevent that it from producing the jam here, increase resistance, hinder going on of follow-up separation step.

Further, the included angle between the secondary conveying separation mechanism 7 and the horizontal plane is 8-10 degrees, as shown in fig. 1, 12 and 13, the secondary conveying separation mechanism 7 comprises a second transmission shaft 71, a vibrating mechanism, two driven pulleys 72 and two second pulleys, the second transmission shaft 71 is rotationally connected with the frame 1, two ends of the second transmission shaft 71 are respectively provided with a second transmission chain wheel 76, a driving device is in transmission connection with the second transmission chain wheel 76 through a chain, the driving device comprises two transmission motors, the two transmission motors are located on two sides of the frame, the transmission motors on the same side are respectively in transmission connection with the first transmission chain wheel 66 and the second transmission chain wheel 76 on the same side through the chain, the driven pulleys 72 on the same side are arranged on the second transmission shaft 71 relatively to the second pulleys, the driving device is used for driving the second transmission shaft 71 to rotate, the second pulleys on the same side and the driven pulleys 72 are provided with second belts 73, a plurality of first sieve rods 74 are arranged between the two second belts 73, the vibrating mechanism is located in the first ring-shaped sieve rods 74 which are formed, the vibrating mechanism is used for driving the first sieve rods 74, the three-side sieve rods 75 and the three-side potato wheels 75 are in transmission connection with the first sieve rods, and the three-side potato wheels 75 are used for driving the three-side vibrating sieve wheels to collide with soil, and the soil can be separated, and the soil can be impacted, and the soil can be separated, and the soil can collide on the soil can be separated, and the soil can be beaten by the soil, and the soil can be separated by the soil, and the soil can be separated.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the side conveying and lifting mechanism comprises a horizontal conveying device 8 and a side lifting device 9, the horizontal conveying device 8 is used for conveying potatoes to the side lifting device 9, after the potato soil mixture is separated in two stages, the traditional potato harvester can directly throw the potato blocks to the ground, waiting for manual pickup, and the potato blocks can be buried secondarily due to the direct throwing to the ground, so that the productivity is reduced.

According to the potato and soil separating device, the primary conveying separating mechanism 6 is matched with the secondary conveying separating mechanism 7, so that potato and soil are separated thoroughly, and the secondary screening rod of the horizontal conveying device 8 and the third screening rod 95 of the side lifting device 9 are combined to form a four-stage potato and soil separating effect, so that the potato and soil separating rate is greatly improved.

The horizontal conveying device 8 comprises two symmetrically arranged first conveying chains, the horizontal conveying device 8 further comprises a horizontal conveying frame, the first conveying chains are arranged on the horizontal conveying frame, a plurality of second screen rods are arranged between the two first conveying chains, rubber sleeves are sleeved on the outer walls of the second screen rods, potato blocks are prevented from being damaged, the first conveying chains comprise first driving chain wheels and first driven chain wheels, the first driving chain wheels and the first driven chain wheels are in transmission connection through the first conveying chains, a plurality of second screen rods are uniformly distributed between the two first conveying chains at intervals, a first main transmission shaft is arranged between the two first driving chain wheels, a first auxiliary transmission shaft is arranged between the two first driven chain wheels, and a first transmission motor for driving the first main transmission shaft is arranged on the horizontal conveying frame.

In combination with fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 16, side hoisting device 9 is located frame 1 rear end right side, side hoisting device 9 has tilting part and horizontal part, tilting part of side hoisting device 9 is located horizontal conveyor 8 direction's end, horizontal part is located tilting part direction's end, side hoisting device 9 includes the second conveying chain that two symmetries set up, be equipped with a plurality of third sieve bars 95 between two second conveying chains, the cover is equipped with the rubber sleeve on the third sieve bar 95 outer wall, avoid damaging the potato piece, horizontal conveyor 8 still includes hoisting frame 91, the second conveying chain sets up on hoisting frame 91, the second conveying chain includes second driving sprocket 94 and second driven sprocket, be equipped with a plurality of tensioning sprocket 97 between second driving sprocket 94 and the second driven sprocket, second driving sprocket 94, tensioning sprocket 97 and second driven sprocket pass through second conveying chain 98 drive connection, a plurality of second sieve bar intervals are equipped with second main drive shaft 92 between two second conveying chains, be equipped with second main drive shaft 92 between two second driving sprocket 94, be equipped with second driven sprocket 92 from the second outer wall, avoid damaging potato piece, the second drive shaft is equipped with the second drive shaft 92 from the hoisting frame 91, the second drive shaft is equipped with the second drive shaft 96 through the second drive shaft from the hoisting frame 91, and is connected with the drive shaft is equipped with the drive shaft from the opposite side drive shaft to drive shaft, and is equipped with the drive shaft 96. It should be noted that, the transmission of the chain and the sprocket referred to in the present application is a well known technology in the field, and the present application is not described in detail here,

the working principle of the application is as follows: when the tractor is used for pulling the mechanism, firstly, the pressing wheel 3 presses the ridges, meanwhile, the soil cutting disc knife 43 starts to rotate to cut seedlings, weeds and the like under the friction force with the ground, then the digging shovel 10 starts to dig potatoes after entering the soil, potato-soil mixture rises along with the knife, then the potato-soil mixture is transported to the poking roller 5 along with the advancing of the machine, the large-block soil is primarily broken through the poking roller 5, then the potato-soil mixture moves to the primary conveying and separating mechanism 6 and the secondary conveying and separating mechanism 7, the primary conveying and separating mechanism 6 and the secondary conveying and separating mechanism 7 sequentially separate potato and soil, and the separated clear potato is conveyed to the horizontal conveying device 8 and the side lifting device 9, and then the potato block is conveyed to the conveying machine. The machine can solve the technical problems of high operation resistance, easy production of hilling blockage, weed winding and the like of the existing machine, thereby causing the problems of high failure rate, high potato damage rate, low potato damage rate, large mechanical damage, low operation efficiency, manual pickup and the like.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but several other embodiments based on the design concept of the invention are provided below.

For example, in other embodiments, the horizontal conveyance device 8 of the present application may be a conveyance belt, unlike the embodiments described above.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a potato harvesting apparatus, a serial communication port, including frame (1) and traction frame (2) of setting on frame (1), one-level transport separating mechanism (6), second grade transport separating mechanism (7) and side transport elevating system, frame (1) front end is equipped with pinch roller (3), traction frame (2) are located pinch roller (3) upper portion, be located pinch roller (3) rear end on frame (1) and be equipped with the excavation subassembly that is used for excavating the potato, frame (1) are located pinch roller (3) both sides and are equipped with respectively and are used for cutting seedling mechanism (4) of potato seedling, one-level transport separating mechanism (6) are located excavation subassembly rear and form certain angle slope setting with the horizontal plane, second grade transport separating mechanism (7) form certain angle slope setting with the horizontal plane in the high-end exit below of one-level transport separating mechanism (6), side transport elevating system is located second grade transport separating mechanism (7) rear end.

2. A potato harvesting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the potato soil crushing machine is characterized in that a poking roller (5) is arranged between the primary conveying and separating mechanism (6) and the excavating component on the frame (1), and the poking roller (5) is used for crushing soil in potato soil mixtures and conveying the potato soil mixtures to the primary conveying and separating mechanism (6).

3. A potato harvesting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressing wheel (3) is connected with the frame (1) through a connecting component, the connecting component comprises a fixing frame (31) arranged on the frame (1) and a connecting frame (32) hinged with the fixing frame (31), the pressing wheel (3) is hinged on the connecting frame (32), a guide sleeve is arranged on the fixing frame (31), an adjusting rod (33) in sliding fit with the guide sleeve is arranged on the connecting frame (32), and a first mud scraping plate (34) for scraping soil on the pressing wheel (3) is arranged on the connecting frame (32).

4. A potato harvesting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the excavating assembly comprises a plurality of excavating shovels (10) which are arranged on the frame (1) at intervals.

5. A potato harvesting apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the seedling cutting mechanism (4) comprises a side support (41), a connecting plate (42) and a soil cutting disc cutter (43), wherein two ends of the connecting plate (42) are respectively hinged to the soil cutting disc cutter (43) and the side support (41), a second mud scraping plate (45) for scraping soil on the soil cutting disc cutter (43) is connected to the connecting plate (42) through a fixing plate (44), a floating seat (46) is hinged to the fixing plate (44), a supporting plate (411) is arranged in the outward extension of the side support (41), an optical axis penetrating through the supporting plate (411) in a sliding mode is arranged on the floating seat (46), a spring (47) located between the supporting plate (411) and the floating seat (46) is sleeved on the outer wall of the optical axis, and a locking bolt (48) for preventing the supporting plate (411) from sliding out of the optical axis is further arranged on the optical axis.

6. Potato harvesting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the included angle between the primary conveying separation mechanism (6) and the horizontal plane is 10-15 degrees, the primary conveying separation mechanism (6) comprises a roller (61), a first transmission shaft (64) and two first pulleys (65) arranged on the first transmission shaft (64), a plurality of tensioning wheels (62) which are distributed in a wave shape are arranged between the roller (61) and each first pulley (65), first belts (63) are arranged on the first pulleys (65), the roller (61) and the tensioning wheels (62), the first belts (63) are in wave shapes, a plurality of separation rods are arranged between the two first belts (63), each separation rod comprises a large grating rod (67) and a small grating rod (68), rubber sleeves are respectively wrapped on the outer walls of the large grating rods (67) and the small grating rods (68), a small grating rod (68) is arranged between every two large grating rods (67), and a driving device used for driving the first transmission shaft (64) to rotate is arranged on the rack (1).

7. A potato harvesting apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the secondary conveying separation mechanism (7) comprises a second transmission shaft (71), a vibrating mechanism, two driven pulleys (72) and two second pulleys, the two second pulleys are oppositely arranged on the second transmission shaft (71), the driven pulleys (72) are oppositely arranged on the second pulleys, the driving device is used for driving the second transmission shaft (71) to rotate, second belts (73) are arranged on the second pulleys and the driven pulleys (72) on the same side, a first sieve rod (74) is arranged between the two second belts (73), the vibrating mechanism is used for beating the first sieve rod (74), and the vibrating mechanism comprises triangular wheels (75) and a driving motor used for driving the triangular wheels (75) to rotate.

8. A potato harvesting apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the side conveying lifting mechanism comprises a horizontal conveying device (8) and a side lifting device (9), and the horizontal conveying device (8) is used for conveying potatoes to the side lifting device (9).

9. A potato harvesting apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the horizontal conveying device (8) comprises two symmetrically arranged first conveying chains, and a plurality of second sieve rods are arranged between the two conveying chains.

10. A potato harvesting apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the side lifting device (9) comprises two symmetrically arranged second conveying chains, and a plurality of third sieve rods (95) are arranged between the two second conveying chains.

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